A0 · ゼロポイント チャプター 6

Survival & Socializing

6 トータルルール
71 例文
5 分
このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the essential phrases you need to navigate the world and communicate with confidence in English.

  • Ask for prices and locations easily.
  • Order food and items politely.
  • Handle basic social interactions and emergencies.
Speak with confidence, navigate with ease.

学べること

Ready to start speaking English right away? This chapter gives you essential phrases to ask Where is...? or order with "I'd like...". You'll feel more confident getting around and getting what you need!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Use 'How much is...?' to ask for the price of an item.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Order items at a store using 'I'd like...'.
  3. 3
    By the end you will be able to: Ask for directions using 'Where is...?'.

チャプターガイド

Overview

Starting your English journey is exciting, and we're here to make sure you can use it right away! Imagine stepping into a new place and needing to ask for help, buy something, or just say thank you. This chapter is your superpower for those everyday moments.
We're focusing on English survival & socializing for beginners, giving you the most important phrases to navigate new situations with confidence. You'll learn how to ask How much? for that tasty snack, use "I'd like...
to order your coffee, and find your way with
Where is...?
Plus, you’ll master the magic words
Excuse me,« »Sorry, and Thank you" to connect politely.
This isn't about perfect grammar; it's about getting things done and feeling understood. We know that as you learn English A0 grammar, your first goal is practical communication. Whether you need to ask for permission with «Can I...?» or need urgent help, these phrases are your foundation.
They're simple, powerful, and will make your first interactions in English smooth and successful. Let’s get you speaking from day one!

How This Grammar Works

At its heart, this chapter gives you direct, usable tools for common situations. We focus on simple questions and polite requests. For example, when you want to know the price of something, you'll use How much is...? for one item (like How much is *the apple*?) or How much are...? for many items (like How much are *the apples*?).
The key is matching is or are to what you're asking about.
When you want to order something in a café or shop, or make any polite request, you’ll use I'd like.... It's short for I would like and sounds much more polite than just I want. So, you’d say I'd like *a coffee, please*. It’s friendly and respectful.
For finding your way, the phrase Where is...? is super simple and effective. You just add the place or thing you're looking for: Where is *the station*? or Where is *my phone*?
Politeness is crucial, and English has specific words for that. You say Excuse me to get someone’s attention or before you pass by them. If you accidentally bump into someone or make a small mistake, you say Sorry.
And for everything good, a simple Thank you shows appreciation. Finally, for permission, Can I...? is your go-to phrase (like Can I *sit here*?). If you're in danger or need urgent help, shout Help!.
For less urgent assistance, say Can you help me?. These phrases are your basic toolkit for navigating the English-speaking world.

Common Mistakes

  1. 1Mixing up 'is' and 'are' with 'How much'.
✗ How much are the apple?
✓ How much is the apple?
*Explanation*: is is for one item (singular), are is for multiple items (plural).
  1. 1Using 'I want' instead of 'I'd like'.
✗ I want coffee.
✓ I'd like coffee, please.
*Explanation*: I want can sound a bit demanding. "I'd like" is much more polite and common for ordering or requesting.
  1. 1Confusing 'Excuse me' and 'Sorry'.
✗ (Bumps into someone) Excuse me.
✓ (Bumps into someone) Sorry.
*Explanation*: Use Excuse me *before* you do something that might bother someone (like asking a question or walking past), and Sorry *after* you've made a mistake or caused a small problem.

Real Conversations

Dialogue 1: At a Café

A

A

I'd like a coffee, please.
B

B

Okay. How much is it?
A

A

It's three dollars.
B

B

Thank you.

Dialogue 2: Asking for Directions

A

A

Excuse me.
B

B

Yes?
A

A

Where is the bus stop?
B

B

It's over there.

Dialogue 3: In a Shop

A

A

Can I try this shirt?
B

B

Yes, of course.
A

A

Thank you.
B

B

You’re welcome.

Quick FAQ

Q

How to use How much in English when asking for a price?

Use How much is...? for a single item (e.g., *How much is the bread?*) and How much are...? for multiple items (e.g., *How much are the bananas?*).

Q

What is the difference between I like and "I'd like" in English?

I like expresses a general preference or enjoyment (e.g., *I like coffee*). I'd like (short for I would like) is a polite way to request or order something specific right now (e.g., *I'd like a coffee*).

Q

When do I say Excuse me versus Sorry?

Use Excuse me to get someone's attention, to ask someone to move, or before you interrupt them. Use Sorry after you've made a mistake, bumped into someone, or done something wrong.

Q

Is «Can I...?» always okay for asking permission?

Yes, Can I...? is the most common and natural way to ask for permission in everyday, informal English conversations. It's polite enough for most situations.

Cultural Context

In English-speaking cultures, these simple phrases are very powerful! Saying Please and Thank you is expected and shows good manners, even for very basic interactions. Using "I'd like... instead of I want..." automatically makes you sound more polite and friendly.
Similarly, starting a question with Excuse me before asking Where is...? or «Can I...?» is a small but important courtesy that native speakers appreciate. While not strictly grammar, these politeness markers are a huge part of effective English survival & socializing for beginners.

重要な例文 (6)

1

I'd like a hamburger, please.

Quisiera una hamburguesa, por favor.

〜が欲しいのですが... — 注文と丁寧な依頼
2

I'd like to buy this book.

Me gustaría comprar este libro.

〜が欲しいのですが... — 注文と丁寧な依頼
3

Excuse me, is this seat free?

すみません、この席は空いていますか？

丁寧な基本: Excuse Me, Sorry & Thank You
4

Oh, sorry! I didn't see you there.

あ、ごめんなさい！そこにいるのに気づきませんでした。

丁寧な基本: Excuse Me, Sorry & Thank You
5

Excuse me, where is the library?

Disculpe, ¿dónde está la biblioteca?

どこですか...? — 場所を尋ねる
6

Where is my phone?

¿Dónde está mi teléfono?

どこですか...? — 場所を尋ねる

ヒントとコツ (4)

💡

まずは丁寧に声をかけよう！

いきなり値段を聞くより、Excuse meを添えるだけで印象がぐっと良くなります。:
Excuse me, how much is this?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: いくら？ — 値段を尋ねる
💡

The 'Please' Rule

Always add 'please' at the end of 'I'd like' to reach maximum politeness.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 〜が欲しいのですが... — 注文と丁寧な依頼
💡

自信を持って使いましょう

恥ずかしがらずに使いましょう！丁寧な言葉は相手へのリスペクトになり、会話がスムーズになります。
Thank you for your kind words.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 丁寧な基本: Excuse Me, Sorry & Thank You
💡

Use 'The' for Public Places

When asking for a place everyone knows (the park, the station, the bathroom), always use 'the'. Saying 'Where is park?' sounds like the park is a person named Park.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: どこですか...? — 場所を尋ねる

重要な語彙 (5)

Price cost of an item Excuse me polite way to start a question Where asking for location Help assistance Please polite request marker

Real-World Preview

coffee

At the Cafe

Review Summary

  • How much is [item]?
  • I'd like [item].
  • Excuse me / Thank you
  • Where is [place]?
  • Can I [action]?
  • I need [help/item].

よくある間違い

In English questions, the verb 'is' comes before the subject 'it'.

Wrong: How much it is?
正解: How much is it?

Questions need the verb 'is' before the subject.

Wrong: Where the bank is?
正解: Where is the bank?

'I like' means you enjoy it generally. 'I'd like' means you want one now.

Wrong: I like a coffee.
正解: I'd like a coffee.

Next Steps

You have done an amazing job! Keep practicing these phrases every day to build your fluency.

Practice ordering at a local cafe.

Continue to: Starting with the Basics

クイック練習 (10)

正しい文はどれかな？

正しい文を選んでください：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Please speak slowly.
動詞 speak を説明する時は、副詞の slowly を使います。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 助けて！ — 緊急・サバイバルフレーズ

Choose the most polite way to order.

You are in a restaurant. What do you say?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I'd like a salad.
'I'd like' is the standard polite form for ordering.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 〜が欲しいのですが... — 注文と丁寧な依頼

正しい文章はどれですか？

正しい文章を選んでください：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: How much is the coffee?
コーヒー（飲み物）の値段を聞く時は、単数扱いのisとmuchを組み合わせるのが一般的です。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: いくら？ — 値段を尋ねる

注意を引くための正しいフレーズを選んでください。

___ me, could you help me with this bag?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Excuse
相手に話しかける時は Excuse me を使います。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 丁寧な基本: Excuse Me, Sorry & Thank You

Fix the mistake in this sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Where the milk is?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Where is the milk?
The verb 'is' must come before 'the milk'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: どこですか...? — 場所を尋ねる

Which question is an offer?

You want to give your friend some water.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Would you like some water?
'Would you like' is the polite way to offer something.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 〜が欲しいのですが... — 注文と丁寧な依頼

この質問文の間違いを見つけて直してください。

Find and fix the mistake:

Sorry, where is the nearest bus stop?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Excuse me, where is the nearest bus stop?
情報を尋ねるために話しかける時は Excuse me が適切です。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 丁寧な基本: Excuse Me, Sorry & Thank You

許可を求める正しい言葉を選んでください。

`___ I sit here?`

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Can
許可を求める時は助動詞の Can を使います。Am や Do は使いません。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 許可を求める: 〜してもいいですか？

誰かにぶつかってしまった時の正しい謝り方はどれ？

正しい文を選んでください：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Sorry! I wasn't looking.
自分のミスを謝る時は Sorry を使います。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 丁寧な基本: Excuse Me, Sorry & Thank You

Fill in the missing word.

I'd like ___ pay by credit card.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: to
We use 'to' before a verb after 'I'd like'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 〜が欲しいのですが... — 注文と丁寧な依頼

Score: /10

よくある質問 (6)

指を差しながら
How much is it, please?
と聞くのが一番簡単で確実です。
英語ではお金（概念としての金額）は数えられない名詞として扱うからです。:
Money is an uncountable noun.
Yes, the meaning is the same, but I'd like is much more polite and suitable for public places.
Yes, but it sounds very formal. In normal conversation, almost everyone says I'd like.
Excuse me は「何かをする前」に使い、Sorry は「何かをした後」に使います。
Excuse me, may I ask a question?
と
Sorry, I made a mistake.
の違いですね。
はい！ Thanks は友達や親しい間柄でよく使われるカジュアルな表現です。
Thanks for the help!
のように使います。
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