Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Possessive adjectives show who owns something and always sit right before a noun to describe it.
- Use 'my', 'your', 'his', 'her', 'its', 'our', or 'their' before a noun (e.g., 'my car').
- They never change for plural nouns; 'my book' and 'my books' are both correct.
- Choose the adjective based on the owner, not the object being owned.
Overview
my（我的）、your（你的/你们的）、his（他的）、her（她的）、its（它的）、our（我们的）、their（他们的）。my book。这里的 my 就起到了“我的”的作用，直接放在名词前面。这与中文的“定语+中心语”结构（即：修饰成分+被修饰的名词）完全一致，所以大家在语序上几乎没有学习障碍。对于初学者来说，记住一点即可：这些词后面必须紧跟一个名词。这和我们中文习惯中“我的+名词”的搭配是完美对应的，非常容易上手！Possessive Adjectives 的核心功能是“限定”，它们告诉听者这个名词归谁所有。在中文语法中，我们称之为“领属关系”。英语中最关键的一点是：这些词的形态完全取决于“拥有者”（Possessor），而不是被拥有的东西。这点与中文完全一致，甚至比中文更简单。中文里，无论是一本书、两本书还是很多书，我们都说“我的书”；在英语里，无论名词是单数还是复数，my 永远是 my，不会因为名词的变化而改变。I(我) →my(我的)You(你) →your(你的)He(他) →his(他的)She(她) →her(她的)It(它) →its(它的)We(我们) →our(我们的)They(他们) →their(他们的)
its 这个概念，对于非人类物体，我们通常直接用“它的”或者省略。但在英语中，its 是专门为动物、物体或抽象概念准备的。如果你在淘宝上买了一个手机壳，你可以说 The case has its color（这个壳有它的颜色）。记住，its 后面千万不要加撇号（即不能写成 it's），因为 it's 是 it is 的缩写，这是初学者最容易犯的错误之一。掌握这些词，你就能在描述自己的生活——比如你的奶茶、你的作业、你的朋友时，表达得更加精准。Possessive Adjective + Noun。无论名词是可数还是不可数，结构都不变。pen（单数）还是 keys（复数），my 和 their 的形式都没有任何改变。这比很多欧洲语言（如法语或德语，名词有阴阳性之分，物主形容词会随之变化）要简单得多！- 1描述归属权：这是最直接的用法。比如你在地铁上丢了东西，你可以说
I lost my bag（我丢了我的包）。 - 2描述人际关系：在介绍家人或朋友时，使用
my或his/her。例如：This is my mother（这是我的母亲）。 - 3描述身体部位：这是中文母语者最容易忽略的地方。在中文里，我们常说“他手疼”，省略了“他的”。但在英语中，必须加上物主形容词。比如：
He hurt his hand（他伤了他的手），不能只说He hurt hand。 - 4描述物体特征：比如在咖啡厅，你可以说
The coffee lost its heat（咖啡不热了）。
- 1混淆
Your和You're：
you are 的缩写 you're 这种形式感到陌生。Your 是形容词，后面跟名词；You're 是 you are，后面通常跟形容词或动词。例如：Your phone（你的手机）是正确的，但 You're phone（你是手机）在逻辑上是错误的。- 1漏掉物主形容词：
I wash my hands。因为英语强调“谁的”，如果不加 my，英语母语者会觉得句子不完整。- 1
Its与It's的混淆：
Its 表示“它的”，It's 表示“它是”。记住口诀：没有撇号才是所属关系！my 就像是一个“半成品”，它必须带上一个名词（如 book）才能完整；而 mine 就像一个“成品”，它本身就包含了“我的东西”的意思。在微信聊天时，如果你想说“这是我的”，你可以直接说 It's mine，而不能说 It's my，因为 my 后面必须有东西！- 1问：物主形容词需要根据名词的单复数变化吗？
apple 还是 apples，你的物主形容词（如 my）永远保持不变。- 1问：
His和Her怎么区分？
his，女性用 her。这与被拥有的物品无关。比如 his sister（他的姐妹），虽然姐妹是女性，但因为拥有者是他，所以必须用 his。- 1问：如果我想说“我和我朋友的包”，该怎么说？
my friend's bag 或者 our bag。物主形容词的使用非常灵活，只要明确了拥有者是谁，直接对应即可。Subject Pronoun to Possessive Adjective Mapping
| Subject Pronoun | Possessive Adjective | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|
|
I
|
my
|
This is my book.
|
|
You
|
your
|
Is this your pen?
|
|
He
|
his
|
His car is fast.
|
|
She
|
her
|
Her cat is cute.
|
|
It
|
its
|
The tree lost its leaves.
|
|
We
|
our
|
Our house is big.
|
|
They
|
their
|
Their friends are nice.
|
Meanings
Possessive adjectives are used to indicate ownership or a close relationship between a person/thing and a noun.
Ownership
To show that something belongs to someone legally or physically.
“Where is my phone?”
“His car is blue.”
Relationships
To describe family members, friends, or colleagues.
“Her brother is a doctor.”
“Our teacher is very nice.”
Body Parts
To refer to parts of one's own body.
“I need to wash my hair.”
“He broke his leg.”
Reference Table
| 主语代词 | 物主代词 | 含义 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|---|
|
I
|
my
|
属于我
|
My name is Alex.
|
|
You
|
your
|
属于你
|
Is this your bag?
|
|
He
|
his
|
属于他
|
His car is red.
|
|
She
|
her
|
属于她
|
Her dog is small.
|
|
It
|
its
|
属于它
|
The cat cleaned its fur.
|
|
We
|
our
|
属于我们
|
Our team won.
|
|
They
|
their
|
属于他们
|
Their house is big.
|
正式程度
Might this be your writing implement? (Office or School)
Is this your pen? (Office or School)
Your pen? (Office or School)
This yours? (Office or School)
物主代词：连接“拥有者”和“名词”
它们是什么
- my belongs to I
- your belongs to you
- his belongs to he
- her belongs to she
- its belongs to it
- our belongs to us
- their belongs to them
它们如何工作
- 总在名词前 e.g., 'my book'
- 修饰名词 告诉“是谁的”
- 不一致 不随名词的复数/性别变化
常见用途
- 个人物品 my phone
- 人际关系 her brother
- 身体部位 his hand
物主代词 vs. 易混淆词
选择正确的物主代词
谁是拥有者？
拥有者是 'I' 吗？
拥有者是 'you' 吗？
拥有者是 'he' 吗？
拥有者是 'she' 吗？
拥有者是 'it' (动物/物品) 吗？
拥有者是 'we' 吗？
拥有者是 'they' 吗？
名词和物主代词是好朋友
人物与关系
- • my sister
- • your friend
- • his dad
- • her child
- • our teacher
- • their neighbors
物品与所有物
- • my phone
- • your keys
- • his car
- • her laptop
- • its toy
- • our house
- • their books
身体部位
- • my hand
- • your foot
- • his arm
- • her hair
- • its tail
概念与想法
- • my idea
- • your opinion
- • his dream
- • her passion
- • our goal
- • their plan
按水平分级的例句
This is my dog.
This is my dog.
What is your name?
What is your name?
Her car is red.
Her car is red.
His father is a teacher.
His father is a teacher.
Our house is near the park.
Our house is near the park.
The cat is eating its food.
The cat is eating its food.
Their children are at school.
Their children are at school.
Is this your coat?
Is this your coat?
I really appreciate your advice.
I really appreciate your advice.
He lost his keys again.
He lost his keys again.
Our company is expanding rapidly.
Our company is expanding rapidly.
She spent her vacation in Italy.
She spent her vacation in Italy.
The company changed its policy last week.
The company changed its policy last week.
Their refusal to cooperate was surprising.
Their refusal to cooperate was surprising.
I was moved by her dedication to the cause.
I was moved by her dedication to the cause.
We must protect our environment for future generations.
We must protect our environment for future generations.
His was a life of quiet desperation.
His was a life of quiet desperation.
The city is famous for its architectural heritage.
The city is famous for its architectural heritage.
Their having arrived late caused a stir.
Their having arrived late caused a stir.
I took my leave after the ceremony.
I took my leave after the ceremony.
The law must take its course.
The law must take its course.
He is a man of his word.
He is a man of his word.
The ship lost its moorings during the storm.
The ship lost its moorings during the storm.
One must do one's duty, regardless of the cost.
One must do one's duty, regardless of the cost.
容易混淆
Learners often use 'mine' or 'yours' before a noun.
The apostrophe usually shows possession with names (John's), so learners add it to 'its'.
In some languages, the adjective matches the object's gender, not the owner's.
常见错误
I like he car.
I like his car.
This is mine book.
This is my book.
Ours friends are here.
Our friends are here.
Where is you bag?
Where is your bag?
The dog wagged it's tail.
The dog wagged its tail.
I wash the hair.
I wash my hair.
They're house is blue.
Their house is blue.
I don't like you coming late.
I don't like your coming late.
The cat licked it's paw.
The cat licked its paw.
句型
This is my ___.
Where is your ___?
Our ___ is very ___.
They like their ___.
Real World Usage
Living my best life! #vacation
In my previous role, I managed a team of five.
Please have your boarding pass ready.
My back hurts when I sit down.
Left my keys at your place. Can I swing by?
Is this my coffee or his?
匹配“拥有者”，而不是“物品”
My book is new. My books are old.
小心“听起来一样”的词！
想想“主语代词”
I have my pen. He has his book. They have their home.
英语中的礼貌
Can I borrow your pen?
Smart Tips
Try replacing the word with 'it is'. If it makes sense, use 'it's'. If not, use 'its'.
Ignore the object! Only look at the person who owns it.
Don't add an 's' to the possessive adjective. It stays the same.
Always use 'my', 'your', etc., instead of 'the'.
发音
Your vs. You're
In fast speech, both 'your' and 'you're' are often pronounced as /jər/ (yer).
Their/There/They're
These three words are homophones; they sound exactly the same.
Our
Often pronounced like 'hour' (/aʊər/), but in fast speech, it often sounds like 'are' (/ɑːr/).
Emphasis on the Adjective
That is MY sandwich!
Used to correct someone or show strong ownership.
记住它
记忆技巧
My Yellow Hat Has Its Own Unique Texture (My, Your, His, Her, Its, Our, Their).
视觉联想
Imagine a giant sticky note labeled 'MY' stuck to your forehead, 'YOUR' stuck to a friend, and 'OUR' stuck to a group of you. These words 'stick' to the people who own the things.
Rhyme
My and your, his and her, its and our, their is the power!
Story
I found a box. I said, 'This is MY box.' You came over and said, 'No, it is YOUR box.' We opened it together and said, 'It is OUR box.' Then a dog ran by and took ITS lid.
Word Web
挑战
Look around your room. Point to 5 things and say out loud: 'That is my [object].' Then think of a friend and say: 'That is his/her [object].'
文化笔记
Using 'my' for family members (e.g., 'my wife') is standard. However, in some very formal British contexts, people might say 'the wife,' though this is now considered dated or slightly rude.
It is very common to use 'your' in a generic sense to mean 'anyone's.' For example: 'You have to pay your taxes.'
Sometimes 'y'all's' is used as a plural possessive adjective for 'your.'
Possessive adjectives in English evolved from Old English genitive pronouns.
对话开场白
What is your favorite hobby?
Tell me about your best friend.
Is your house big or small?
What are your goals for this year?
日记主题
常见错误
Test Yourself
This is ___ favorite cafe.
选择正确的句子：
Find and fix the mistake:
The students enjoyed there field trip.
Score: /3
练习题
8 exercisesI have a car. ___ car is blue.
The dog is wagging ___ tail.
Find and fix the mistake:
Is this you're phone?
The house belongs to us. It is ___ house.
They
Possessive adjectives change when the noun is plural (e.g., 'my book' vs 'mys books').
A: Is that Sarah's bag? B: No, that is ___ bag. (Referring to Sarah)
Select the possessive adjective from the list.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
11 exercisesHe lost ___ keys at the gym.
哪句话是正确的？
Your going to be late if you don't hurry.
翻译成英文：'This is my phone.'
把这些词重新排列成一个句子：
Could you please bring ___ book tomorrow?
选择正确的句子：
They're going to visit there grandparents.
翻译成英文：'Her name is Maria.'
把这些词重新排列成一个句子：
将主语代词与对应的物主代词配对：
Score: /11
常见问题 (8)
Use `my` before a noun (my car). Use `mine` when there is no noun (The car is mine).
No, `his` is only for males. Use `her` for females.
No. `Its` (possessive) has no apostrophe. `It's` means 'it is'.
It is usually plural (belonging to them), but it is increasingly used as a singular possessive for a person whose gender is unknown.
English speakers use possessive adjectives for body parts to show they are part of that person.
No. You cannot say 'the my car.' You must choose either `the` or `my`.
The possessive adjective for 'it' is `its`.
In standard English, `your` is used for both one person and a group of people.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
mi, tu, su, nuestro, vuestro
English possessives are invariable for number.
mon, ma, mes
English matches the owner's gender, not the object's.
mein, dein, sein, ihr
English has no case endings for possessives.
の (no)
English uses unique words rather than a particle.
Suffixes (-i, -ak, -hu)
English uses separate words, not suffixes.
的 (de)
English possessives are not formed by adding a suffix to the subject pronoun.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
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