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B1 adjective 11分钟阅读

sufrido

开始练习例句笔记与提示 sufrido 30秒了解

解析 sufrido in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should know that 'sufrido' comes from the verb 'sufrir' (to suffer). However, you won't use the adjective 'sufrido' very often yet. The most important thing to learn is that it describes people who are very strong and patient when things are difficult. Think of it like saying someone is 'very, very patient.' You might also hear it when talking about colors. A 'color sufrido' is a good color because it doesn't look dirty easily. For example, a dark blue shirt is more 'sufrido' than a white shirt because if you spill a little water or dirt on it, nobody will see it. In your first Spanish classes, you might use 'fuerte' (strong) or 'paciente' (patient) instead, but knowing 'sufrido' will help you understand native speakers when they talk about their families or their clothes. Just remember to change the ending: 'sufrido' for a boy, 'sufrida' for a girl. It is a word that shows you are starting to understand how Spanish speakers think about being tough and practical in daily life.

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By A2, you are starting to describe people's personalities and objects in more detail. 'Sufrido' is a great word to add to your vocabulary for descriptions. You can use it to talk about your grandparents or historical figures who had hard lives but never complained. It's different from just 'triste' (sad) because 'sufrido' implies that the person is actually very brave and strong. On the practical side, when you go shopping, you can use 'sufrido' to describe why you are buying a certain item. 'Compro estos zapatos negros porque son muy sufridos' (I'm buying these black shoes because they are very practical/durable). This shows you understand that some things are better for everyday use because they hide wear and tear. You should also start to notice that it is usually used with the verb 'ser' (to be) because it describes a characteristic. For example, 'Mi perro es muy sufrido' means your dog is very patient and doesn't complain even if he is tired or hungry. It's a very useful word for making your Spanish sound more natural and less like a textbook.

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'sufrido' in both its emotional and practical senses. This is the level where you move beyond simple translations and start to feel the 'weight' of the word. You can use it to describe a 'victoria sufrida' in sports or a 'vida sufrida' in a biography. You should understand the nuance that being 'sufrido' is often seen as a virtuous trait in Hispanic cultures—it's about stoicism and endurance. You should also be able to distinguish it from the past participle of the verb 'sufrir.' For instance, you can explain the difference between 'He sufrido un accidente' (I have suffered an accident - action) and 'Soy una persona sufrida' (I am a long-suffering person - trait). This distinction is crucial for intermediate learners. You will also encounter it in more varied contexts, such as describing a fabric that is 'sufrida' because it handles many washes. At this stage, try to incorporate it into your writing when describing characters in stories or when discussing the durability of products in a comparison task. It's a word that adds a layer of cultural authenticity to your speech.

At the B2 level, you can use 'sufrido' to express complex social and emotional ideas. You understand that calling a people 'un pueblo sufrido' evokes a history of struggle, resilience, and perhaps political or economic hardship. You can use the word to discuss literature, analyzing why a character is described as 'sufrido' and what that says about their role in the plot. You should also be aware of the register; while it's common in everyday speech, it can also carry a lot of weight in formal writing. You can use it to contrast different types of resilience, perhaps comparing a 'persona sufrida' with someone who is 'resiliente' or 'estoica.' In sports discussions, you can use it to describe the 'sufrimiento' of the fans ('afición sufrida'). You should also be able to use it in the plural and feminine forms without hesitation. For example, discussing how 'las madres de la posguerra fueron muy sufridas.' Your ability to use 'sufrido' in various contexts—from the durability of a car's engine to the emotional depth of a poem—shows a high level of linguistic and cultural competence.

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At the C1 level, you have a deep appreciation for the idiomatic and cultural nuances of 'sufrido.' You recognize its use in classical Spanish literature and can interpret the subtle difference between 'un hombre sufrido' and 'un sufrido hombre,' where the latter might emphasize the inherent quality of suffering as a defining, almost tragic, life-state. You can use the word in sophisticated debates about cultural values, such as the traditional value placed on endurance versus modern values of self-expression and mental health. You are also familiar with related terms like 'abnegación' and how they intersect with being 'sufrido.' In a professional context, you might use it to describe a 'puesto sufrido'—a job that is demanding and perhaps underappreciated but requires a steady, reliable hand. You understand that 'sufrido' can sometimes have a slightly negative connotation in modern contexts, implying a lack of agency or a tendency to accept bad situations without trying to change them. Your usage is precise, culturally aware, and grammatically flawless, allowing you to use the word to paint vivid, nuanced pictures of people, histories, and materials.

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At the C2 level, 'sufrido' is a tool you use with total mastery and stylistic flair. You can play with its dual meanings for rhetorical effect, perhaps using it in a metaphor that links the durability of a material to the resilience of the human spirit. You understand the etymological roots (from the Latin 'subferre' - to carry from below) and how this historical meaning still informs the modern Spanish concept of 'carrying' one's burdens. You can use the word in high-level literary analysis, discussing how the 'estética de lo sufrido' (the aesthetic of the endured) appears in Spanish art or cinema. You are also fully aware of regional variations in the word's usage and synonyms like 'aguantador' or 'curtido.' Whether you are writing a philosophical essay, a sports column, or a technical report on textile durability, you use 'sufrido' with the same ease as a native speaker, capturing all its emotional, practical, and historical resonance. You can even use it ironically or humorously to describe a friend who complains about minor things, calling them 'poco sufridos' to highlight their lack of patience. Your command of the word is absolute.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

sufrido 30秒了解

Used for resilient people who endure hardship silently.
Describes practical, dark colors that hide dirt well.
Commonly paired with 'ser' to denote a character trait.
Essential for discussing sports victories or durable materials.

The Spanish adjective sufrido is a fascinating linguistic tool that captures a specific type of resilience and pragmatism. At its core, it describes someone or something that has endured, or is capable of enduring, significant hardship, wear, or labor without complaint or visible deterioration. While the English translation 'long-suffering' captures the human element, it fails to encompass the practical, everyday applications of the word in Spanish culture. When we call a person sufrida, we are often paying them a compliment regarding their stoicism, patience, and inner strength. It is not merely about the act of suffering, but about the manner in which one carries that burden—with dignity and silence.

The Human Aspect: In a personal context, sufrido refers to a person who accepts life's difficulties with incredible patience. This is common in older generations, particularly when describing mothers or workers who sacrificed everything for their families. It implies a selfless endurance. For example, a 'madre sufrida' is a classic archetype in Hispanic literature and soap operas—a woman who bears the weight of the world on her shoulders without a word of protest.
The Material Aspect: Interestingly, the word takes on a very pragmatic meaning when applied to objects or colors. A 'color sufrido' is a color that is practical because it does not show dirt or wear easily. Dark grays, deep blues, or earthy browns are considered sufridos because you can wear them or use them in high-traffic areas without needing to clean them constantly. This shift from emotional endurance to physical durability is a key nuance for learners to master.

Esa alfombra es de un color muy sufrido, ideal para una casa con niños y perros.

Translation: That rug is a very practical color, ideal for a house with children and dogs.

You will encounter this word in a variety of settings. In a formal eulogy, it might describe the deceased's noble character. In a clothing store, a clerk might recommend a 'chaqueta sufrida' for your hiking trip. In sports commentary, a 'victoria sufrida' refers to a win that was hard-fought and required immense grit to achieve until the very last second. It is a word that bridges the gap between the spiritual/emotional and the purely functional.

A pesar de su vida sufrida, siempre tiene una sonrisa para los demás.

Translation: Despite her long-suffering life, she always has a smile for others.

Common Pairings: It is frequently paired with nouns like 'pueblo' (a resilient people), 'trabajo' (hard, grueling work), and 'rostro' (a face that shows the marks of a hard life). It acts as a descriptor of history and character etched into the physical world.

Understanding sufrido requires moving beyond the dictionary definition of 'suffering.' It is about the capacity to absorb pressure—whether that pressure is emotional grief, physical labor, or just the mud on a pair of boots. It is the language of the survivor and the pragmatist alike.

Using sufrido correctly requires attention to both grammatical agreement and the verb choice. As an adjective, it must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies: sufrido, sufrida, sufridos, sufridas. Because it usually describes an inherent quality or a long-term state that defines a person's character or an object's nature, it is most commonly used with the verb ser.

Describing People with 'Ser': When you say 'Él es muy sufrido,' you are describing his personality. He is the type of person who doesn't complain when things go wrong. He is resilient by nature. This is a permanent trait.

Example: 'Mi abuelo era un hombre muy sufrido; trabajó en el campo toda su vida sin quejarse jamás.'
Describing Objects and Colors: When talking about materials, 'ser' is also used to denote a characteristic property. A fabric that doesn't stain easily 'es sufrido.'

Example: 'El color gris es muy sufrido para el tapizado del coche.'

Es una tela muy sufrida que aguanta bien los lavados frecuentes.

Be careful not to confuse the adjective sufrido with the past participle of the verb sufrir used in compound tenses. For example, 'He sufrido mucho' (I have suffered a lot) uses 'sufrido' as a verb. However, 'Soy un hombre sufrido' (I am a long-suffering man) uses it as an adjective. The distinction is usually clear from the presence of the auxiliary verb 'haber' versus the linking verb 'ser'.

Usage in Sports: In the context of a game or match, we use it to describe the experience of the win. 'Una victoria sufrida' is a victory that came after much struggle. Here, the adjective follows the noun.

Example: 'Fue una victoria muy sufrida, pero al final conseguimos los tres puntos.'

Tuvieron un camino sufrido hasta llegar a la gran final del torneo.

Finally, consider the position. Like most descriptive adjectives in Spanish, sufrido typically follows the noun. Placing it before the noun (e.g., 'su sufrido rostro') is more poetic or literary and emphasizes the quality of suffering as an essential, almost tragic, characteristic of the person.

The word sufrido permeates various layers of Spanish-speaking society, from the domestic sphere to the high-stakes world of professional sports. Understanding these contexts will help you recognize the word's emotional weight and its practical utility.

In the Home (Domestic Life): You will most frequently hear this word in a household setting when discussing maintenance, furniture, or clothing. Parents often look for 'ropa sufrida' for their toddlers—clothes that are durable and won't show the inevitable grass stains or juice spills. When choosing a sofa, a family might opt for a 'color sufrido' like charcoal or chocolate brown to ensure it looks good for years despite heavy use. In this context, the word is synonymous with 'practical' and 'low-maintenance.'
In Sports Media: Football (soccer) commentators in Spain and Latin America love the word sufrido. If a team is winning 1-0 and spends the last twenty minutes of the game defending desperately against the opponent's attacks, the commentator will describe the match as 'un partido muy sufrido.' The fans are often called 'afición sufrida,' especially if their team historically loses or wins only after great difficulty (a classic example is Atlético de Madrid in Spain).

¡Qué final tan sufrido! Casi nos empatan en el último minuto.

Context: A sports commentator reacting to a close game.

In literature and film, sufrido is used to build character depth. A protagonist might be described as having 'manos sufridas' (hands that have worked hard) or a 'mirada sufrida' (a look that has seen much pain). This immediately tells the audience that the character has a history of struggle and has been hardened or matured by their experiences. It evokes a sense of respect and empathy.

Daily Conversations: In everyday talk, you might hear a friend say, 'No te preocupes por mí, soy muy sufrido.' This is a way of saying 'I'm tough' or 'I can handle it.' It’s a common way to downplay one's own discomfort or to reassure others of one's resilience in the face of minor inconveniences or major life changes.

Whether it's a grandmother talking about the 'época sufrida' of the post-war years or a mechanic talking about a 'motor sufrido' that keeps running despite poor maintenance, the word is a testament to the Spanish-speaking world's appreciation for endurance and the ability to withstand the tests of time and fate.

Mastering sufrido involves avoiding several common pitfalls that English speakers often fall into due to the word's similarity to the verb 'to suffer.' Here are the most frequent errors and how to avoid them.

1. Confusing Adjective with Verb: The biggest mistake is using sufrido as a verb when you mean the adjective, or vice versa.

Incorrect: 'Ella es sufrida mucho.' (She is suffered much.)
Correct: 'Ella ha sufrido mucho.' (She has suffered much - Verb)
Correct: 'Ella es una mujer muy sufrida.' (She is a very long-suffering woman - Adjective).

Always check if you are describing a person's nature (adjective) or an action they performed (verb).
2. Misunderstanding 'Color Sufrido': English speakers often think a 'color sufrido' means a 'suffering color' (perhaps a sad color like gray). While it is often a dull color, the meaning is strictly about its practicality. Calling a color 'sufrido' is a positive recommendation for its durability, not a comment on its mood. Don't use it to mean 'depressing.'

No es un color triste, es un color sufrido para el uso diario.

Explanation: It's not a sad color; it's a practical color for daily use.

Another error involves gender agreement. Because the word ends in '-o', beginners often forget to change it to '-a' when describing a woman or a feminine noun like 'tela' (fabric) or 'vida' (life). 'Una vida sufrido' is a glaring grammatical error that breaks the flow of conversation.

3. Overusing it for 'Pain': If someone is currently in pain, you don't say they are 'sufridos.' You would say 'están sufriendo' (they are suffering). Use sufrido only for the personality trait of being able to handle that pain over the long term. It is a description of character, not a current medical status.

Lastly, remember the difference between 'ser' and 'estar.' While you might occasionally hear 'está muy sufrido' to describe an object that has been through a lot (looking worn out), the standard use for the personality trait is always with 'ser.' Using 'estar' with a person might imply they look like they've suffered recently, but it's much less common and can sound awkward.

To truly master Spanish, you need to know when to use sufrido and when a synonym might be more appropriate. Spanish has a rich vocabulary for endurance and patience.

Sufrido vs. Resiliente: Sufrido: Implies a quiet, almost passive endurance. It has a traditional, sometimes humble connotation.
Resiliente: A more modern, psychological term. It implies the ability to 'bounce back' and recover quickly from trauma. While a sufrido person might just keep carrying the weight, a resiliente person actively overcomes it.
Sufrido vs. Aguantador: Aguantador: This is more colloquial, especially in Mexico and the Southern Cone. It describes someone with a lot of physical or emotional 'aguante' (stamina/tolerance). You might use this for someone who can drink a lot of alcohol or someone who can work 12 hours in the sun. It's more about 'toughness' than 'long-suffering' dignity.

Es un trabajador muy aguantador, pero su carácter es sufrido.

Translation: He is a very tough worker, but his character is long-suffering.

Sufrido vs. Estoico: Estoico: This is more formal and philosophical. It refers to the Stoic school of thought—maintaining a calm, indifferent attitude toward pain or joy. Use this in academic or highly formal contexts. Sufrido is more emotional and grounded in everyday life.
Sufrido vs. Paciente: Paciente: Simply means 'patient.' A sufrido person is always patient, but a patient person isn't necessarily sufrido. Patience is waiting for a bus; being sufrido is waiting for a better life while working in a coal mine.

When describing objects, if you don't want to use sufrido, you could use resistente (resistant/durable) or práctico (practical). However, sufrido is the most common way to specifically express that something hides dirt or wear well. For example, 'una alfombra de batalla' (a battle rug) is a slangier way to say it's a very durable, 'sufrida' rug.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The etymology perfectly explains the dual meaning: a person who 'carries' their burden from below (stoicism) and a material that 'carries' its wear and tear without showing it.

发音指南

UK /suːˈfriːdoʊ/

US /suˈfɾiðo/

The stress is on the penultimate (second to last) syllable: su-FRI-do.

押韵词

podido querido sentido vivido partido vestido olvidado ruido

常见错误

Pronouncing the 'd' too hard like an English 'd'. It should be soft, like the 'th' in 'weather'.
Stressing the first syllable instead of the second.
Pronouncing the 'r' as an English 'r' instead of a Spanish tap (like the 'tt' in 'better').
Making the 'u' sound like 'you' instead of a pure 'oo' sound.
Forgetting to change the ending to 'a' for feminine nouns.

难度评级

阅读 3/5

Easy to recognize in context, but requires understanding the dual meaning.

写作 4/5

Requires correct gender/number agreement and choosing between 'ser' and 'estar'.

口语 4/5

The soft 'd' and tapped 'r' can be tricky for English speakers.

听力 3/5

Common in sports and home contexts; usually clear.

接下来学什么

前置知识

sufrir paciencia color fuerte aguantar

接下来学习

estoico resiliencia abnegación insufrible duradero

高级

curtido templanza impavidez resignación

需要掌握的语法

Adjective Agreement

La vida (fem) es sufrida (fem).

Ser vs Estar

Él es sufrido (character trait).

Adjective Placement

Una victoria sufrida (standard placement after noun).

Past Participle as Adjective

Sufrido comes from the verb sufrir.

Comparative Forms

Este color es más sufrido que aquel.

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按水平分级的例句

Mi abuelo es un hombre muy sufrido.

My grandfather is a very long-suffering man.

Uses 'ser' to describe a personality trait.

El color negro es muy sufrido.

The color black is very practical.

'Sufrido' here means it doesn't show dirt.

Ella es una madre muy sufrida.

She is a very long-suffering mother.

Feminine form 'sufrida' agrees with 'madre'.

Este pantalón es de un material sufrido.

These pants are made of a durable material.

Adjective modifying 'material'.

Los trabajadores son muy sufridos.

The workers are very long-suffering.

Plural form 'sufridos'.

Es un color sufrido para la cocina.

It is a practical color for the kitchen.

Used with 'es' (ser).

Mi hermana es sufrida y no se queja.

My sister is long-suffering and doesn't complain.

Adjective describing character.

Necesito una tela sufrida para el sofá.

I need a durable fabric for the sofa.

Feminine 'sufrida' matches 'tela'.

A pesar de los problemas, él siempre fue muy sufrido.

Despite the problems, he was always very long-suffering.

Past tense 'fue' with the adjective.

Este gris oscuro es un color muy sufrido para el coche.

This dark grey is a very practical color for the car.

Specific use for colors/maintenance.

Las enfermeras son personas muy sufridas.

Nurses are very long-suffering people.

Plural feminine 'sufridas'.

Es un trabajo sufrido pero necesario.

It's a grueling/hard-wearing job but necessary.

Describes the nature of the work.

Mi abuela tuvo una vida muy sufrida.

My grandmother had a very hard/long-suffering life.

Modifies the noun 'vida'.

Buscamos un suelo que sea sufrido.

We are looking for a floor that is durable/practical.

Subjunctive 'sea' after 'buscamos que'.

No seas tan quejica, sé más sufrido.

Don't be such a whiner, be more long-suffering.

Imperative 'sé' (be).

Es una planta muy sufrida; no necesita mucha agua.

It's a very hardy plant; it doesn't need much water.

Applied to plants (hardy).

Fue una victoria sufrida, conseguida en el último minuto.

It was a hard-fought victory, achieved in the last minute.

Common sports collocation.

Ese tejido es muy sufrido, ideal para ropa de niños.

That fabric is very hard-wearing, ideal for children's clothes.

Focus on material durability.

Su rostro sufrido contaba la historia de sus viajes.

His weathered/long-suffering face told the story of his travels.

Adjective placement after the noun.

Siempre ha sido un pueblo sufrido por las guerras.

It has always been a people long-suffering due to wars.

Describes a collective group.

Para ser un buen corredor de fondo, hay que ser sufrido.

To be a good long-distance runner, you have to be long-suffering (tough).

Infinitive 'ser' with the adjective.

La madera de roble es muy sufrida para exteriores.

Oak wood is very durable for the outdoors.

Refers to physical resistance.

Aceptó las críticas con un silencio sufrido.

He accepted the criticism with a long-suffering silence.

Describes a specific action/state.

Es una afición sufrida que nunca abandona a su equipo.

They are long-suffering fans who never abandon their team.

Feminine 'afición' (fans/following).

La novela narra la vida de una mujer sufrida en la España rural.

The novel tells the life of a long-suffering woman in rural Spain.

Literary context.

El éxito no llega sin un camino sufrido y lleno de obstáculos.

Success doesn't arrive without a hard-fought path full of obstacles.

Abstract usage.

Ese color marrón es muy sufrido para las alfombras del hotel.

That brown color is very practical for the hotel carpets.

Commercial/practical context.

Se mantuvo sufrido ante la adversidad, sin perder los nervios.

He remained long-suffering in the face of adversity, without losing his cool.

Verb 'mantenerse' + adjective.

Es una raza de perro muy sufrida que aguanta bien el frío.

It is a very hardy breed of dog that withstands the cold well.

Biological/physical hardiness.

Su carácter sufrido le permitió superar la enfermedad.

His resilient/long-suffering character allowed him to overcome the illness.

Character trait.

Los muebles de metal son más sufridos que los de cristal.

Metal furniture is more durable/practical than glass furniture.

Comparative structure.

Tras una sufrida negociación, llegaron a un acuerdo.

After a grueling negotiation, they reached an agreement.

Adjective before the noun for emphasis.

La abnegación de la protagonista la convierte en un personaje sumamente sufrido.

The protagonist's self-sacrifice makes her an extremely long-suffering character.

Formal/Literary register.

El campo requiere gente sufrida que no tema a las inclemencias del tiempo.

The countryside requires tough people who do not fear the harshness of the weather.

Generalizing about a demographic.

Aquel fue un triunfo sufrido, destilado tras horas de incertidumbre.

That was a hard-won triumph, distilled after hours of uncertainty.

Elevated vocabulary usage.

Eligieron un pavimento sufrido para aguantar el tránsito de miles de personas.

They chose a durable pavement to withstand the traffic of thousands of people.

Technical/Architectural context.

No hay nada más sufrido que el corazón de un poeta no correspondido.

There is nothing more long-suffering than the heart of an unrequited poet.

Metaphorical/Poetic usage.

La empresa ha pasado por una etapa sufrida, pero la recuperación es visible.

The company has gone through a difficult/grueling stage, but recovery is visible.

Business context.

Su mirada, cansada y sufrida, revelaba los horrores de la guerra.

His gaze, tired and long-suffering, revealed the horrors of the war.

Descriptive narrative style.

Es una tela sufrida, aunque su tacto sea algo tosco.

It's a hard-wearing fabric, even if its feel is somewhat coarse.

Concessive clause with 'aunque'.

Su estoicismo no era indiferencia, sino una forma sufrida de entender la existencia.

His stoicism was not indifference, but a long-suffering way of understanding existence.

Philosophical nuance.

La pátina sufrida de los muebles antiguos les confiere un valor incalculable.

The worn/endured patina of the antique furniture gives them incalculable value.

Aesthetic/Artistic context.

En la lírica tradicional, la amada sufrida es un tropo recurrente.

In traditional lyric poetry, the long-suffering beloved is a recurring trope.

Academic literary analysis.

La arquitectura brutalista busca materiales sufridos que dialoguen con el entorno.

Brutalist architecture seeks durable materials that dialogue with the environment.

Specialized architectural discourse.

Aquel silencio, tan sufrido como elocuente, puso fin a la discusión.

That silence, as long-suffering as it was eloquent, put an end to the discussion.

Comparative 'tan... como'.

La historia de este país es la de una sufrida búsqueda de la libertad.

The history of this country is that of a long-suffering search for freedom.

Abstract historical narrative.

Posee una paciencia sufrida, casi mística, ante las injurias de sus enemigos.

He possesses a long-suffering, almost mystical patience in the face of his enemies' insults.

Intense descriptive adjectives.

Es un color sufrido, si bien carece de la elegancia de los tonos más claros.

It is a practical color, although it lacks the elegance of lighter tones.

Use of 'si bien' (although).

常见搭配

color sufrido

vida sufrida

victoria sufrida

rostro sufrido

pueblo sufrido

tela sufrida

carácter sufrido

trabajo sufrido

afición sufrida

silencio sufrido

常用短语

Es muy sufrido.

— Said of a person who is very patient or a thing that is practical.

No te preocupes por el golpe, el coche es muy sufrido.

Un color muy sufrido.

— A color that doesn't show dirt.

Para los niños, compra ropa de un color muy sufrido.

Una victoria muy sufrida.

— A hard-won victory in sports.

¡Qué victoria más sufrida! Casi perdemos.

Gente sufrida.

— Resilient, hardworking people.

En esta región vive gente muy sufrida.

Vida sufrida.

— A life full of hardships.

Escribió un libro sobre su vida sufrida.

Material sufrido.

— Durable, hard-wearing material.

El cuero es un material muy sufrido.

Rostro sufrido.

— A face that shows the marks of hardship.

Su rostro sufrido inspiraba mucho respeto.

Ser poco sufrido.

— To have little patience or endurance.

Mi hermano es poco sufrido; enseguida se queja.

Camino sufrido.

— A difficult path or process.

Tuvieron un camino sufrido hasta el éxito.

Silencio sufrido.

— Patient, enduring silence.

Aguantó la bronca con un silencio sufrido.

容易混淆的词

sufrido vs sufridor

Sufridor is a noun (a sufferer/fan), while sufrido is an adjective (long-suffering/durable).

sufrido vs insufrible

Insufrible means unbearable/annoying; sufrido means patient/enduring. They are opposites.

sufrido vs sufrimiento

Sufrimiento is the noun 'suffering', while sufrido is the adjective.

习语与表达

"Ser más sufrido que un santo."

— To be extremely patient and long-suffering, like a martyr.

Mi tía es más sufrida que un santo con sus hijos.

informal/colloquial

"Llevar una vida sufrida."

— To live a life characterized by constant struggle.

Desde que perdió su empleo, lleva una vida muy sufrida.

neutral

"A la sufrida."

— Doing something the hard way or through endurance (regional).

Ganaron el partido a la sufrida, defendiendo todo el tiempo.

slang/sports

"Tener un alma sufrida."

— To have a soul that has endured much pain.

Es un artista con un alma sufrida.

literary

"Duro y sufrido."

— Tough and resilient (often describing workers).

Es un obrero duro y sufrido.

neutral

"Sufrido como alfombra de entrada."

— Extremely durable or someone who takes a lot of abuse (metaphorical).

Ese teléfono es sufrido como alfombra de entrada; se ha caído mil veces.

informal

"Corazón sufrido."

— Someone who has loved and lost or endured much emotionally.

Un corazón sufrido no se entrega fácilmente.

romantic/poetic

"Paso sufrido."

— A slow, heavy, but persistent pace.

Caminaba con paso sufrido hacia la cima.

literary

"Sufrido de veras."

— Truly long-suffering.

Es un hombre sufrido de veras, nunca pide nada.

neutral

"La sufrida clase media."

— The long-suffering middle class (often used in political commentary).

La sufrida clase media siempre paga más impuestos.

journalistic

容易混淆

sufrido vs paciente

Both involve waiting or enduring.

Paciente is simply waiting; sufrido implies enduring actual hardship or being very practical.

Sé paciente, el bus ya viene. / Es una mujer sufrida que ha pasado mucha hambre.

sufrido vs resistente

Both describe durability.

Resistente is physical strength; sufrido is specifically about hiding wear/dirt or emotional endurance.

Este cristal es resistente. / Esta alfombra es de un color sufrido.

sufrido vs aguantador

Both mean 'tough'.

Aguantador is more colloquial and focuses on stamina; sufrido is more about patience and dignity.

Es un corredor aguantador. / Es un abuelo muy sufrido.

sufrido vs estoico

Both mean enduring without complaint.

Estoico is formal/philosophical; sufrido is everyday/emotional.

Mantuvo una calma estoica. / Es muy sufrido, nunca se queja del frío.

sufrido vs duro

Both can mean 'tough'.

Duro implies hardness or lack of emotion; sufrido implies enduring emotion or wear.

Es un jefe duro. / Es un trabajador sufrido.

句型

Ser + muy + sufrido.

Mi abuelo es muy sufrido.

Color + sufrido + para + [noun].

El azul es un color sufrido para el trabajo.

Una + [noun] + sufrida.

Tuvimos una victoria sufrida.

A pesar de + [noun], ser + sufrido.

A pesar de la lluvia, el material fue sufrido.

Carácter + sufrido + que + [verb].

Tiene un carácter sufrido que impresiona a todos.

Tan + sufrido + como + [adjective].

Era tan sufrido como silencioso.

La + [abstract noun] + sufrida + de...

La búsqueda sufrida de la verdad...

Si bien + [clause], es + sufrido.

Si bien es tosco, el cuero es muy sufrido.

词族

名词

sufrimiento

sufridor

sufridora

动词

sufrir

形容词

sufrido

insufrible

如何使用

frequency

Common in daily speech regarding housework/clothes and very common in sports media.

常见错误

Ella ha sufrida mucho. → Ella ha sufrido mucho.
When used as a verb in compound tenses (haber + past participle), the word 'sufrido' never changes its ending.
Un color sufrido es un color triste. → Un color sufrido es un color práctico.
Learners often think 'sufrido' means 'sad' because of its root, but for colors, it means 'practical' or 'dirt-hiding'.
Mi amigo es muy insufrible. → Mi amigo es muy sufrido.
If you want to say your friend is patient, use 'sufrido'. 'Insufrible' means they are annoying/unbearable.
Es un vida sufrido. → Es una vida sufrida.
The noun 'vida' is feminine, so the adjective must be 'sufrida'.
Estoy muy sufrido hoy. → Estoy sufriendo mucho hoy.
If you are in pain right now, use the present continuous 'sufriendo'. 'Sufrido' is for a permanent personality trait.

小贴士

Gender Agreement

Always match 'sufrido' to the noun. 'El color' (masc) is 'sufrido', but 'la vida' (fem) is 'sufrida'. This is a common mistake for beginners.

Shopping Tip

When buying furniture or clothes in a Spanish-speaking country, ask for something 'sufrido' if you want it to be practical and low-maintenance.

Sports Talk

Use '¡Qué victoria más sufrida!' to impress your Spanish friends after a close soccer match.

Respecting Elders

Calling an elder 'sufrido' is often a way to show deep respect for the hardships they endured in the past.

Avoid 'Insufrible'

Be careful! Adding 'in-' changes the meaning to 'unbearable.' Don't call your patient friend 'insufrible' by mistake!

The Soft D

The 'd' in 'sufrido' is between two vowels, so it should be very soft. Think of the 'th' in 'then' rather than the 'd' in 'dog'.

Poetic Placement

In literature, placing 'sufrido' before the noun (e.g., 'su sufrida alma') adds a touch of drama and elegance.

Tech Usage

You can describe a phone or a car that lasts a long time despite bad treatment as 'sufrido'.

Comparing Fabrics

Use 'más sufrido que' to compare how practical two different materials are.

Look for Dark Colors

Whenever you see a dark gray or navy item, tell yourself 'es un color sufrido' to reinforce the word in your mind.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of a 'SOFA' that is 'sufrido'. It's a dark color and very tough, so it 'suffers' the kids playing on it without looking bad.

视觉联想

Visualize a dark gray stone wall. It is 'sufrido' because it stands through rain and dirt and never changes its look.

Word Web

Resilience Patience Durability Dark Colors Stoicism Hardship Practicality Strength

挑战

Try to find three items in your house that are a 'color sufrido' and describe them in Spanish using the word.

词源

From the Latin verb 'subferre', which is composed of 'sub' (under) and 'ferre' (to carry).

原始含义： To carry from below or to bear a burden.

Romance (Latin-derived).

文化背景

Be careful when using 'sufrida' to describe women; while often a compliment to their strength, in modern feminist contexts, it can be criticized as a label that glorifies women's silent suffering.

English speakers often translate this as 'long-suffering,' but they rarely use that word for objects. In English, we might say 'practical' or 'hard-wearing' for clothes, whereas Spanish uses the same word 'sufrido' for both people and things.

The character of Pelayo in Gabriel García Márquez's stories often exhibits a 'sufrido' nature. Atlético de Madrid fans are famously known as 'sufridores'. Traditional Flamenco songs often celebrate the 'alma sufrida' (long-suffering soul).

在生活中练习

真实语境

Sports

Victoria sufrida
Afición sufrida
Ganar sufriendo
Partido muy sufrido

Home & Decor

Color sufrido
Tela sufrida
Material sufrido
Mueble sufrido

Personal Character

Persona sufrida
Carácter sufrido
Ser muy sufrido
Alma sufrida

History/Literature

Pueblo sufrido
Vida sufrida
Rostro sufrido
Época sufrida

Work

Trabajo sufrido
Labor sufrida
Empleado sufrido
Oficio sufrido

对话开场白

"¿Crees que el gris es un color sufrido para un sofá?"

"¿Cuál ha sido la victoria más sufrida de tu equipo favorito?"

"¿Conoces a alguien que sea una persona muy sufrida?"

"¿Prefieres la ropa de colores sufridos o colores claros?"

"¿Crees que es bueno ser una persona sufrida o es mejor quejarse?"

日记主题

Describe a una persona de tu familia que consideres sufrida y explica por qué.

Escribe sobre una situación en la que tuviste que ser muy sufrido para lograr un objetivo.

¿Qué colores consideras más sufridos para tu estilo de vida actual?

Reflexiona sobre la diferencia entre ser 'sufrido' y ser una 'víctima'.

Describe un objeto que tengas que sea muy 'sufrido' y cuánto tiempo te ha durado.

常见问题

10 个问题

Not usually. 'Sufrido' describes a personality trait or a long-term state. If someone is currently crying or in pain, you use the verb 'sufriendo' (He is suffering). Use 'sufrido' for someone who usually bears pain without crying.

No, it's actually a positive, practical thing! It means the color is great for daily use because it doesn't show dirt. It's a recommendation for high-traffic areas or children's clothes.

No. In the context of objects, it means 'durable' or 'practical.' A 'sufrido' sofa isn't feeling pain; it's just really good at staying clean-looking.

The feminine form is 'sufrida.' For example: 'una mujer sufrida' or 'una tela sufrida.'

It's much more common with 'ser' because it describes an inherent quality. Using 'estar' might imply an object looks worn out after a specific event, but it's rare.

Yes, very common in Spain and Latin America, especially in domestic settings and sports.

It's a sports victory that was very difficult to achieve, where the team had to defend or struggle until the last second.

'Resiliente' is a more modern, psychological term for bouncing back. 'Sufrido' is a more traditional term for enduring or carrying the burden patiently.

Yes, if the child is very patient and doesn't cry easily when they get hurt, you can say 'es un niño muy sufrido.'

It is neutral and can be used in almost any context, from a casual conversation about carpets to a formal speech about a hero.

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