هزار 30秒了解
- Hezār means 1,000 in Persian.
- Nouns following Hezār are always singular.
- It is the base unit for Iranian currency (Toman).
- It is used figuratively to mean 'many' or 'countless'.
The Persian word هزار (pronounced 'Hezār') is the fundamental numeral for the number one thousand (1,000). In the Persian language, which belongs to the Indo-European family, this word shares a deep ancestral root with Sanskrit 'sahasra'. Beyond its mathematical value, 'Hezār' serves as a cornerstone of daily commerce, historical dating, and poetic expression. When you walk through a bazaar in Tehran or Shiraz, you will hear this word more frequently than almost any other number because of the way the Iranian currency, the Rial (and the colloquial Toman), is structured. Prices are almost always in the thousands or millions, making 'Hezār' the essential unit for survival in the Iranian economy.
- Numerical Value
- The integer following 999 and preceding 1001. Written in Persian numerals as ۱۰۰۰.
- Colloquial Currency Unit
- Often used as a shorthand for 'Hezār Toman'. If someone says 'panj hezār' (five thousand), they usually mean 5,000 Tomans.
قیمت این کتاب ده هزار تومان است.
In a cultural context, 'Hezār' is frequently used hyperbolically to denote a large, indefinite number, much like 'a thousand' is used in English. For instance, if a mother is frustrated with her child, she might say she has told them something 'a thousand times' (hezār bār). This hyperbolic usage is deeply embedded in Persian literature, most famously in the title of the 'One Thousand and One Nights' (Hezār o Yek Shab), where the number represents an almost infinite cycle of storytelling. The word also appears in biological names, such as 'Hezār-pā' (centipede/millipede), literally meaning 'thousand-foot'.
او هزار تا دوست دارد.
- Grammar Note
- When 'Hezār' is used as a noun itself (e.g., 'thousands of people'), it can take the plural suffix: 'Hezārhā'.
Using 'Hezār' in a sentence requires understanding the basic Persian numerical syntax. The number always precedes the noun it modifies. For example, to say 'one thousand years', you place 'Hezār' before 'sāl' (year). Crucially, the noun 'sāl' remains in its singular form. This is a major point of departure from English and a common area where learners make mistakes. Whether you are talking about one thousand, two thousand, or ten thousand, the object being counted never takes the plural '-hā' or '-ān' suffix in this specific construction.
این ساختمان هزار پنجره دارد.
When dealing with larger numbers, 'Hezār' acts as a multiplier. To say 'two thousand', you simply say 'do hezār'. For 'five hundred thousand', you say 'pān-sad hezār'. In the Iranian calendar, years are currently in the 1400s (e.g., 1402 is 'Hezār o chahār-sad o do'). Notice the use of the conjunction 'o' (meaning 'and') to link the thousands, hundreds, and tens. This 'o' is essential for flow and correctness in spoken and formal Persian.
- Linking Numbers
- Use 'o' (short for 'va') between each unit: Hezār o pān-sad (1500).
او در سال هزار و سیصد و هشتاد به دنیا آمد.
In informal speech, the word 'tā' is often added after the number when counting objects. While 'Hezār sāl' is correct, 'Hezār tā sāl' is very common in spoken Persian, adding a rhythmic quality to the count. However, when discussing currency or specific measurements, 'tā' is usually omitted. For example, 'Hezār Toman' is standard, while 'Hezār tā Toman' would sound slightly childish or overly emphatic.
The most common place to hear 'Hezār' is undoubtedly in the context of money. Because of inflation over the decades, the Iranian Rial has many zeros. A simple loaf of bread or a taxi ride will cost several thousand Tomans. In a taxi, a driver might say 'Dūist hezār' (Two hundred thousand [Rials]) or 'Bist hezār' (Twenty thousand [Tomans]). Understanding the scale of 'Hezār' is vital for any traveler or student of the language to navigate daily life without confusion. It is the 'base unit' of modern Iranian economic reality.
آقا، این کرایه چند هزار تومان میشود؟
Beyond commerce, 'Hezār' is a staple of Persian classical music and poetry. The 'Hezār-Dastān' (The Thousand Tales) is a poetic name for the nightingale, so called because it is said to have a thousand different songs or melodies. This imagery is used by poets like Hafez and Saadi to describe the complexity of love and nature. You will also hear it in historical documentaries or discussions about the 'Millennium' (Hezāre), referring to the long spans of Persian history from the Achaemenids to the present day.
- Cultural Symbolism
- The number 1000 represents completeness and abundance in Persian folklore.
In modern Iranian media, 'Hezār' appears in news reports regarding population statistics, budget allocations, and distances. For example, the distance between major cities like Tehran and Mashhad is often discussed in terms of 'Hezār kilometr'. In sports, especially football (soccer), which is immensely popular in Iran, you will hear commentators shouting about 'Hezārhā' (thousands) of fans in the Azadi Stadium. The word carries a sense of scale and grandeur that smaller numbers lack.
The most frequent mistake for English speakers is pluralizing the noun that follows 'Hezār'. In English, we say 'one thousand years' (plural). In Persian, you must say 'Hezār sāl' (singular). Saying 'Hezār sālhā' is grammatically incorrect and sounds very jarring to a native speaker. This rule applies to all numbers in Persian, but because 'Hezār' represents such a large quantity, the instinct to pluralize is particularly strong for learners.
غلط: هزار کتابها / درست: هزار کتاب
Another common error involves the confusion between Rial and Toman. While this isn't a linguistic error in the sense of 'Hezār' itself, it is a practical error in using the word. If a shopkeeper says 'Dah hezār' (Ten thousand), they almost certainly mean Tomans. If you pay ten thousand Rials, you are paying ten times less than expected. Always clarify 'Toman' or 'Rial' until you are comfortable with the context. Furthermore, learners often forget the 'o' (and) when combining numbers. Saying 'Hezār pān-sad' is understandable but sounds clipped; 'Hezār o pān-sad' is the correct, natural form.
- The 'Yek' Prefix
- In English, we say 'A thousand'. In Persian, you can just say 'Hezār'. Adding 'Yek' (Yek hezār) is formal and often unnecessary in conversation.
Finally, pronunciation can be a minor hurdle. The 'ā' in 'Hezār' is a long, open back vowel, similar to the 'a' in 'father'. Some learners pronounce it like the 'a' in 'cat', which is a different phoneme in Persian (the short 'a'). Ensuring that the second syllable is long and resonant is key to sounding like a native. Also, remember that the 'r' at the end is a flap or a slight trill, never the 'r' sound found in American English.
While 'Hezār' is the standard word for 1,000, there are other terms used in specific contexts. For example, in the military or in very formal historical texts, you might encounter 'Kilo' (borrowed from French/International standards) for measurements, but never for counting objects. In very old or poetic Persian, 'Bivar' was once used for ten thousand, though it is now entirely obsolete and replaced by 'Dah hezār'.
- Hezār vs. Laky (Indian influence)
- In some Persian-influenced languages like Urdu, 'Lakh' is used for 100,000. In Persian, we simply say 'Sad hezār' (One hundred thousand).
- Hezār vs. Milyun
- 'Milyun' is the next major step (1,000,000). In Iranian currency, people often jump from 'Hezār' to 'Milyun' quickly.
In modern slang, particularly among the youth and in financial circles, 'K' is sometimes used in writing, but when speaking, people stick to 'Hezār'. Another interesting alternative is the use of 'Toman' as a functional synonym for 'Hezār' in very specific price contexts. If something costs 50,000 Tomans, someone might just say 'Panjāh tā' (Fifty ones), where the 'thousand' is implied by the context of the transaction.
این ماشین چند میلیون است؟ (Comparison with Million)
When comparing 'Hezār' to 'Hezāre' (Millennium), the latter is a noun referring to the period of time, whereas 'Hezār' is the numeral. Another related word is 'Hezārom' (Thousandth), the ordinal form. Understanding these variations helps in moving from basic counting to more complex temporal and mathematical discussions.
How Formal Is It?
趣味小知识
The word 'Hezār' is so old that it appears in the Avesta, the ancient sacred texts of Zoroastrianism, with the same meaning.
发音指南
- Pronouncing 'ā' as a short 'a' (like 'cat').
- Using an American 'r' instead of a Persian flap.
- Putting stress on the first syllable.
- Mumbling the 'h' at the beginning.
- Shortening the long 'ā' vowel.
难度评级
The word is short and uses common letters.
The 'h' and 'z' are basic, but the 'r' must be clear.
Requires correct vowel length on the 'ā'.
Very distinct sound in conversation.
接下来学什么
前置知识
接下来学习
高级
需要掌握的语法
Cardinal numbers precede the noun.
هزار سیب (Thousand apples).
Nouns after numbers are singular.
هزار ماشین (Thousand cars).
Use 'o' between numerical units.
هزار و دویست (1200).
Ordinal numbers add '-om'.
هزارم (1000th).
'Tā' is an optional classifier in speech.
هزار تا کتاب.
按水平分级的例句
یک هزار تومان.
One thousand Tomans.
Basic numeral usage.
هزار کتاب.
A thousand books.
Noun is singular.
من هزار دوست دارم.
I have a thousand friends.
Hyperbolic use.
این هزار است.
This is one thousand.
Simple identification.
هزار متر.
A thousand meters.
Unit of measurement.
دو هزار.
Two thousand.
Multiplier usage.
هزار و یک.
One thousand and one.
Use of 'o' (and).
قیمت هزار است.
The price is a thousand.
Contextual meaning.
پنج هزار تومان بدهید.
Give five thousand Tomans.
Imperative with currency.
او هزار تا سیب خرید.
He bought a thousand apples.
Informal 'tā' added.
هزار و سیصد سال پیش.
1300 years ago.
Historical time.
ده هزار نفر اینجا هستند.
Ten thousand people are here.
Large group counting.
این هتل هزار اتاق دارد.
This hotel has a thousand rooms.
Possessive 'dārad'.
هزار و دویست.
One thousand two hundred.
Combining thousands and hundreds.
فاصله هزار کیلومتر است.
The distance is a thousand kilometers.
Distance measurement.
او هزار بار زنگ زد.
He called a thousand times.
Hyperbole.
هزاران نفر در خیابان بودند.
Thousands of people were in the street.
Plural 'hezārān'.
این شهر هزار سال قدمت دارد.
This city is a thousand years old.
Describing age.
هزار و یک شب کتاب محبوب من است.
One Thousand and One Nights is my favorite book.
Proper noun/Title.
او هزار تومان هم ندارد.
He doesn't even have a thousand Tomans.
Emphatic 'ham'.
بیش از هزار دانشجو فارغالتحصیل شدند.
More than a thousand students graduated.
Comparative 'bish az'.
هزار راه برای موفقیت وجود دارد.
There are a thousand ways to succeed.
Abstract counting.
او هزار شکر کرد.
He gave a thousand thanks.
Idiomatic expression.
هزار ماشاءالله چقدر بزرگ شدهای!
A thousand praises, how much you've grown!
Cultural idiom.
این پروژه هزاران میلیارد هزینه داشت.
This project cost thousands of billions.
Financial scale.
هزاردستان در باغ میخواند.
The nightingale (thousand-tales) is singing in the garden.
Literary compound word.
او با هزار زحمت کار را تمام کرد.
He finished the work with a thousand difficulties.
Idiom for great effort.
هزارتوی سیاست بسیار پیچیده است.
The labyrinth (thousand-fold) of politics is very complex.
Metaphorical use.
او هزار چهره دارد.
He has a thousand faces (is hypocritical).
Character description.
در هزاره سوم زندگی میکنیم.
We live in the third millennium.
Noun 'hezāre'.
هزاران پیام تسلیت فرستاده شد.
Thousands of messages of condolence were sent.
Passive voice.
او هزار و یک دلیل برای نیامدن آورد.
He gave a thousand and one reasons for not coming.
Idiom for many excuses.
اشعار او هزاران لایه معنایی دارد.
His poems have thousands of layers of meaning.
Abstract complexity.
هزار فن برای فریب دادن بلد بود.
He knew a thousand tricks for deceiving.
Formal 'fan'.
این بنا یادگار هزارههای پیشین است.
This building is a relic of previous millennia.
Plural 'hezāre-hā'.
هزار بار ملامتش کردم اما سودی نداشت.
I reproached him a thousand times but it was no use.
Formal reproach.
او در هزار توی افکارش غرق شده بود.
He was drowned in the labyrinth of his thoughts.
Poetic metaphor.
هزار جهد بکردم که یار من باشی.
I made a thousand efforts that you might be my beloved.
Classical poetry (Hafez).
هزاران فرسنگ راه پیمود.
He traveled thousands of leagues.
Archaic distance unit.
هزار افسوس که آن دوران گذشت.
A thousand regrets that those times have passed.
Expression of regret.
تحلیل ساختاری هزار و یک شب.
Structural analysis of the Thousand and One Nights.
Academic context.
هزاران گره در کارش افتاده است.
Thousands of knots have fallen into his work (it's very messy).
Advanced idiom.
او مظهر هزاران سال تمدن است.
He is the manifestation of thousands of years of civilization.
High-level rhetoric.
هزاران نکته باریکتر از مو در این بحث هست.
There are thousands of points thinner than hair in this discussion.
Proverbial expression.
او با هزاران ترفند از چنگ قانون گریخت.
He escaped the clutches of the law with thousands of ruses.
Sophisticated vocabulary.
هزار باده ناخورده در رگ تاک است.
A thousand un-drunk wines are in the veins of the vine.
Philosophical poetry.
هزاران چشم به راه او بودند.
Thousands of eyes were waiting for him.
Synecdoche.
او در هزارتوی بوروکراسی گرفتار شد.
He got caught in the labyrinth of bureaucracy.
Modern metaphor.
常见搭配
常用短语
— The famous collection of Middle Eastern folk tales.
داستانهای هزار و یک شب بسیار زیبا هستند.
— Used to ward off the evil eye or express great admiration.
هزار ماشاءالله چقدر باهوشی!
容易混淆的词
Sounds similar but means 'fence' or 'enclosure'.
The same word can mean nightingale in poetic contexts.
Rhymes but means 'annoyance' or 'torment'.
习语与表达
— Promises made by the beautiful (or powerful) are rarely kept.
دل به قول او نبند، هزار وعده خوبان یکی وفا نکند.
Poetic/Proverbial— Exaggerating a story (not using 'hezār' but related to numbers/exaggeration).
حرفش را باور نکن، یک کلاغ چهل کلاغ میکند.
Informal— Used to praise someone while protecting them from envy.
هزار ماشاءالله به این قد و بالا.
Informal— Used to describe a long, complicated story.
تعریف کردنش هزار و یک شب طول میکشد.
Neutral— To repeat something many times to no avail.
هزار بار بهت گفتم در را ببند.
Informal— Describing someone who makes many promises but fulfills none or is incompetent.
او هزار تا چاقو بسازه یکیش دسته نداره.
Slang/Idiomatic— Untapped potential or unknown paths.
جوانان هزار راه نرفته در پیش دارند.
Literary— To go through an extremely stressful experience.
تا امتحان تمام شد هزار بار مردم و زنده شدم.
Informal容易混淆
Both are large numbers.
Million is 1,000,000; Hezār is 1,000.
هزار در مقابل میلیون.
Both are basic numerical units.
Sad is 100; Hezār is 1,000.
صد تومان یا هزار تومان؟
Same root.
Hezāre is the noun 'millennium'; Hezār is the number.
هزاره جدید.
Plural form.
Hezār is a specific number; Hezārān means 'thousands' (indefinite).
هزاران نفر آمدند.
Scale.
Dah hezār is 10,000.
ده هزار تومان.
句型
[Number] hezār [Noun]
دو هزار تومان
Hezār o [Number]
هزار و دویست
Hezārān [Noun]-hā (Note: Exception for 'thousands of')
هزاران ستاره
Ba hezār [Noun]
با هزار زحمت
Hezāre-ye [Ordinal]
هزاره سوم
Hezār o yek [Noun]
هزار و یک دلیل
Hezār [Noun] dāram
هزار کتاب دارم
Bish az hezār
بیش از هزار نفر
词族
名词
形容词
相关
如何使用
Extremely high, especially in economic contexts.
-
هزار کتابها (Hezār ketābhā)
→
هزار کتاب (Hezār ketāb)
Nouns after numbers must be singular.
-
هزار و پانصد (without 'o')
→
هزار و پانصد (Hezār o pān-sad)
The conjunction 'o' is required between units.
-
Using 'Hezār' for 1000 grams.
→
یک کیلو (Yek kilo)
In measurements, 'kilo' is preferred over 'hezār'.
-
Pronouncing 'Hezār' like 'Hazard' in English.
→
Hezār (with long ā)
The vowel sound is different and the 'r' is a flap.
-
Writing 'Hezār' as two words.
→
هزار
It is a single, inseparable word.
小贴士
Singular Nouns
Always remember: Number + Singular Noun. 'Hezār dāneshjū', not 'Hezār dāneshjūhā'.
Currency Confusion
In Iran, 'Hezār' usually refers to Tomans in daily life, not Rials.
Long Vowel
The 'ā' in Hezār is long. Stretch it out slightly: He-zaaaar.
Hyperbole
Use 'Hezār bār' when you want to emphasize that you've done something many times.
Persian Numerals
Practice writing ۱۰۰۰. The dots are the zeros.
The 'o' Link
Listen for the 'o' (and) in numbers like 'Hezār o pān-sad' (1500).
1001 Nights
Remember 'Hezār o Yek Shab' as a way to memorize the number 1000.
Indo-European Roots
Connecting 'Hezār' to Sanskrit 'Sahasra' can help if you know other Indian languages.
Hezār Mashallah
Use this phrase to compliment someone's child or success politely.
Check Writing
Always use 'Yek hezār' when writing amounts on official papers.
记住它
记忆技巧
Think of 'Hezār' as 'He's a star' (He-zar). Imagine a star that is 1,000 times brighter than the sun.
视觉联想
Visualize a 1,000 Toman bill, which is a very common sight in Iran, and see the word هزار written on it.
Word Web
挑战
Try to count from 1,000 to 1,010 in Persian: Hezār, Hezār o yek, Hezār o do...
词源
Derived from Middle Persian 'hazār', which comes from Old Persian 'hazāra-'. It is cognate with Sanskrit 'sahasra' and Greek 'khilioi'.
原始含义： The number one thousand.
Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Persian.文化背景
No specific sensitivities, but be careful with currency conversions as 'Hezār' can mean different things in Rial vs. Toman.
English speakers often find the singular noun rule after 'Hezār' difficult because English requires the plural.
在生活中练习
真实语境
Shopping
- قیمتش هزار تومنه.
- دو هزار تومان باقیمانده.
- هزار تومان تخفیف بده.
- ده هزار تومان دارم.
History
- هزار سال پیش.
- در هزاره اول.
- تمدن هزار ساله.
- هزاران سال قدمت.
Travel
- هزار کیلومتر راه.
- هزار متر ارتفاع.
- هزار نفر مسافر.
- بلیط هزار تومان.
Daily Life
- هزار بار گفتم.
- هزار تا کار دارم.
- هزار شکر.
- هزار ماشاءالله.
Literature
- هزار و یک شب.
- هزاردستان باغ.
- هزار بیت شعر.
- هزاران قصه.
对话开场白
"آیا میدانستید این شهر هزار سال قدمت دارد؟"
"قیمت این نان چند هزار تومان است؟"
"تا به حال کتاب هزار و یک شب را خواندهاید؟"
"چند هزار نفر در این کنسرت شرکت کردند؟"
"فاصله تهران تا مشهد چند هزار کیلومتر است؟"
日记主题
درباره چیزی بنویسید که هزار بار آن را انجام دادهاید.
اگر هزار میلیارد تومان داشتید، چه میکردید؟
توصیف کنید که زندگی در هزار سال آینده چگونه خواهد بود.
درباره یک خاطره که هزاران بار در ذهن شما تکرار شده بنویسید.
چرا عدد هزار در فرهنگهای مختلف مهم است؟
常见问题
10 个问题Literally, yes. However, in idioms like 'Hezār bār', it just means 'many times', similar to how 'a thousand' is used in English.
This is a standard rule in Persian grammar for all numbers. You say 'ten book', 'hundred book', and 'thousand book'.
It is written as ۱۰۰۰. The zero in Persian is a small dot.
Yes, for example, the year 1400 is 'Hezār o chahār-sad'.
'Hezār' is more common in speech. 'Yek hezār' is used in formal documents like checks to prevent fraud.
No, you would use 'Yek kilo' for 1,000 grams.
It literally means 'thousand-foot' and refers to a centipede or millipede.
Persian does not have grammatical gender, so it is neutral.
You use 'Hezārān' followed by the noun, e.g., 'Hezārān nafar'.
It is 'Hezārom', meaning 'thousandth'.
自我测试 180 个问题
Write 'One thousand' in Persian letters.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'I have told you a thousand times.'
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Say 'One thousand and five hundred' in Persian.
Read this aloud:
你说的：
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Identify the number: 'Se hezār'.
Write 'Thousandth' in Persian.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 1000
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Translate: A thousand Tomans
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Translate: A thousand years
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Write 5000 in Persian words.
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Write 1200 in Persian words.
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Write 8000 in Persian words.
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Translate: Thousands of stars
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Translate: The year 1300
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Translate: I said it a thousand times.
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Translate: A thousand-year-old civilization.
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Translate: He has a thousand faces.
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Translate: The nightingale sang.
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Translate: A thousand regrets.
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Translate: The third millennium.
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Translate: A thousand praises.
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Write 1000 in Persian.
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Write 2000 in Persian.
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Write 3000 in Persian.
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Write 1600 in Persian words.
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Write 1700 in Persian words.
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Write 1800 in Persian words.
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Translate: Thousands of people.
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Translate: The thousandth person.
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Translate: A thousand thanks.
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Translate: The centipede is small.
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Translate: A thousand stories.
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Translate: A thousand colors.
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Translate: A thousand un-drunk wines.
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Translate: A thousand unexplored paths.
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Translate: The second millennium.
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Summary
The word 'Hezār' (هزار) is the Persian for 1,000. Its most important grammatical rule is that the noun it modifies must remain singular, such as 'Hezār sāl' (1,000 years).
- Hezār means 1,000 in Persian.
- Nouns following Hezār are always singular.
- It is the base unit for Iranian currency (Toman).
- It is used figuratively to mean 'many' or 'countless'.
Singular Nouns
Always remember: Number + Singular Noun. 'Hezār dāneshjū', not 'Hezār dāneshjūhā'.
Currency Confusion
In Iran, 'Hezār' usually refers to Tomans in daily life, not Rials.
Long Vowel
The 'ā' in Hezār is long. Stretch it out slightly: He-zaaaar.
Hyperbole
Use 'Hezār bār' when you want to emphasize that you've done something many times.
例句
این خانه هزار متر مربع است.
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عاقل
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عالی
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عام
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