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A1 noun #2,500 最常用 7分钟阅读

خستگی

khastegi
At the A1 level, learners should understand that 'خستگی' (khastegi) means 'tiredness'. It is a noun. You use it when you want to talk about needing rest. The most important thing to know is that it comes from the word 'خسته' (khaste), which means 'tired'. While you will mostly say 'من خسته هستم' (I am tired), you will hear 'خستگی' when people talk about the feeling of being tired. For example, 'احساس خستگی' means 'feeling of tiredness'. It is a very common word in daily life, especially at the end of the day or after work. Learn to recognize it when people say they need to sleep or rest. It is essential for basic communication about your physical state.
At the A2 level, you can start using 'خستگی' in simple phrases and sentences. You should know the phrase 'رفع خستگی' (relieving tiredness). For example, you can say 'چای برای رفع خستگی خوب است' (Tea is good for relieving tiredness). You also learn to combine it with verbs like 'در کردن' (to take out). 'خستگی در کردن' is a very common colloquial phrase meaning 'to rest'. You should be able to understand when someone says 'خستگی کار' (tiredness of work). At this level, you distinguish clearly between the adjective 'خسته' and the noun 'خستگی', using them correctly in basic sentences to describe yourself and others.
At the B1 level, your use of 'خستگی' becomes more nuanced. You can discuss the causes and effects of fatigue. You will use phrases like 'خستگی ذهنی' (mental fatigue) and 'خستگی جسمی' (physical fatigue). You can explain why you are tired: 'خستگی من به خاطر کار زیاد است' (My tiredness is because of a lot of work). You also start encountering the word in media, such as news about health or sports. You should be comfortable using adjectives with it, like 'خستگی شدید' (severe fatigue). At this stage, you understand the cultural importance of acknowledging someone's hard work and the concept of fatigue in Persian hospitality.
At the B2 level, you can engage in detailed discussions about health, stress, and lifestyle using 'خستگی'. You understand terms like 'سندرم خستگی مزمن' (chronic fatigue syndrome) and 'خستگی مفرط' (extreme fatigue). You can read articles about how to manage burnout and use related vocabulary like 'فرسودگی' (burnout) alongside 'خستگی'. You are able to use idiomatic expressions naturally, such as 'خستگی از تنم بیرون رفت' (the fatigue left my body - meaning I felt completely relieved/happy). You can express complex emotional states where 'خستگی' refers not just to physical lack of sleep, but to emotional or psychological exhaustion.
At the C1 level, 'خستگی' is used in sophisticated, abstract, and literary contexts. You can discuss 'خستگی' as a societal or philosophical concept, such as 'خستگی از زندگی' (weariness of life) or 'خستگی سیاسی' (political fatigue). You understand its use in classical and modern Persian literature, where it might symbolize spiritual yearning or existential dread. You effortlessly switch between synonyms like 'ملال' (ennui), 'فرسودگی' (attrition/burnout), and 'خمودگی' (languor) depending on the exact shade of meaning required. Your command of collocations is native-like, and you can play with the word in rhetorical or persuasive speech.
At the C2 level, your mastery of 'خستگی' is absolute. You comprehend its deepest etymological roots and its evolution in the Persian language. You can analyze poetry where 'خستگی' (which historically could also mean 'woundedness' in classical Persian) is used with double meanings. You can write academic papers or professional medical reports detailing 'خستگی' with precise terminology. You naturally employ the most subtle cultural idioms and proverbs related to effort, exhaustion, and rejuvenation, demonstrating a profound understanding of the Iranian psyche and its linguistic expression of human endurance.
开始练习 例句 笔记与提示

خستگی 30秒了解

  • Noun meaning tiredness, fatigue, or exhaustion.
  • Derived from the adjective خسته (tired).
  • Often used with verbs like احساس کردن (to feel) and رفع کردن (to relieve).
  • Can refer to physical, mental, or emotional exhaustion.

The Persian word خستگی (khastegi) translates directly to 'tiredness', 'fatigue', or 'exhaustion'. It is a noun derived from the adjective خسته (khaste), meaning 'tired', combined with the noun-forming suffix گی (-gi). Understanding this word is fundamental for expressing physical or mental states in Persian, as it is used in everyday conversations, medical contexts, and literary expressions.

Physical Fatigue
This refers to the bodily exhaustion experienced after hard work, exercise, or lack of sleep. It is the most common use of the word.

پس از یک روز طولانی، خستگی در تمام بدنم احساس می‌شد.

After a long day, fatigue was felt in my entire body.
Mental Fatigue
Mental or emotional exhaustion, often resulting from stress, overthinking, or prolonged concentration.

خستگی ذهنی او ناشی از فشارهای کاری بود.

His mental fatigue was due to work pressures.

The concept of خستگی extends beyond mere physical sensation; it encompasses a holistic view of human energy depletion. When a Persian speaker talks about خستگی, they might be referring to a temporary state that can be cured by a cup of tea (چای), or a chronic condition requiring medical attention. The versatility of the word makes it indispensable.

Emotional Burnout
In modern contexts, خستگی is frequently used to describe burnout or a lack of motivation due to emotional drain.

از این همه بحث بی‌نتیجه احساس خستگی می‌کنم.

I feel exhausted from all these pointless arguments.

برای رفع خستگی یک فنجان چای بنوش.

Drink a cup of tea to relieve your tiredness.

خستگی مفرط می‌تواند به سلامتی آسیب برساند.

Extreme fatigue can damage one's health.

To fully grasp خستگی, one must also understand its antonyms, such as شادابی (freshness/vitality) and انرژی (energy). The transition from خستگی to شادابی is a common theme in Persian daily routines, often facilitated by rest (استراحت), food, or socializing. The word is deeply embedded in the rhythm of Iranian life, where the balance between effort and rest is highly valued.

Using خستگی correctly involves understanding its collocations and the verbs it pairs with. Unlike English where you 'are' tired, in Persian, you often 'have' tiredness, 'feel' tiredness, or 'take out' tiredness (relieve it).

احساس خستگی کردن (To feel tired)
This is the most direct translation of 'feeling tired'. It uses the compound verb structure common in Persian.

من خیلی احساس خستگی می‌کنم.

I feel very tired.
رفع خستگی کردن (To relieve fatigue)
Used when taking a break, resting, or consuming something to regain energy.

کمی بخواب تا خستگی‌ات رفع شود.

Sleep a little so your fatigue is relieved.

Another very idiomatic phrase is 'خستگی در کردن' (literally: to take fatigue out). This is highly colloquial and used frequently in spoken Persian to mean relaxing after work.

خستگی در کردن
To rest, to chill out, to recover from exhaustion.

بیا بنشینیم و کمی خستگی در کنیم.

Let's sit and rest a bit (take the fatigue out).

با دیدن نمرات خوبت، خستگی از تنم بیرون رفت.

Seeing your good grades, the fatigue left my body.

داروی رفع خستگی

Fatigue-relieving medicine.

When modifying خستگی, you can use adjectives like مفرط (extreme), مزمن (chronic), or شدید (severe). For example, 'سندرم خستگی مزمن' is the medical term for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. In daily life, saying 'خستگی شدید' emphasizes that you are completely wiped out. Mastering these combinations will make your Persian sound incredibly natural and fluent.

The word خستگی is ubiquitous in Persian-speaking environments. You will hear it in homes, workplaces, hospitals, and media. Its prevalence is tied to the cultural emphasis on hard work and the subsequent need for rest and hospitality.

At the Workplace
Colleagues frequently discuss their workload and the resulting fatigue. It's a common bonding topic.

امروز حجم کار زیاد بود، خستگی امانم را بریده است.

The workload was heavy today, fatigue has cut off my endurance.
In Medical Contexts
Doctors ask about fatigue as a symptom of various illnesses.

آیا اخیراً احساس خستگی بی‌دلیل می‌کنید؟

Have you been feeling unexplained fatigue recently?

In literature and poetry, خستگی takes on a more profound, existential meaning. It can represent the weariness of the soul, the burden of life's trials, or the longing for spiritual rest. Poets like Rumi and Hafez often allude to the tiredness of the seeker on the path of love.

In Everyday Greetings
The concept of fatigue is built into the most common Persian greeting for someone working.

خسته نباشید! (May you not be tired)

A standard greeting acknowledging someone's effort.

درمانت ماندگی و خستگی

Treatment for helplessness and fatigue.

او با خستگی روی مبل افتاد.

He collapsed on the sofa with exhaustion.

From sports commentators discussing a football team's 'خستگی' in the second half, to a mother talking about the 'خستگی' of raising children, the word is a versatile tool for expressing the limits of human endurance across all walks of life in Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan.

Learners of Persian often make a few predictable errors when using خستگی, primarily confusing the noun form with the adjective form, or using incorrect verbs with it.

Confusing Noun and Adjective
Using 'خستگی' (tiredness) when 'خسته' (tired) is required.

❌ من خیلی خستگی هستم.
✅ من خیلی خسته هستم.

Incorrect: I am very tiredness. Correct: I am very tired.
Incorrect Verb Pairing
Directly translating 'I have fatigue' can sometimes sound unnatural if not phrased correctly.

❌ من خستگی می‌گیرم.
✅ من احساس خستگی می‌کنم.

Incorrect: I catch tiredness. Correct: I feel tiredness.

Another common mistake is mispronouncing the word. The 'خ' (kh) sound must be guttural, and the stress falls on the final syllable 'گی' (gi). Saying 'khas-TE-gi' instead of 'khas-te-GI' is a common phonetic error among English speakers.

Preposition Errors
Using the wrong preposition when saying what caused the fatigue.

❌ خستگی برای کار.
✅ خستگی ناشی از کار.

Incorrect: Tiredness for work. Correct: Tiredness resulting from work.

❌ او با خستگی است.
✅ او خسته است.

Incorrect: He is with tiredness. Correct: He is tired.

رفع خستگی چشم

Relieving eye strain (fatigue).

By paying attention to these common pitfalls, learners can elevate their Persian from sounding translated to sounding natural and idiomatic. Practice the collocations rather than the isolated word.

Persian has a rich vocabulary for expressing different shades of tiredness. While خستگی is the most general term, knowing its synonyms can add precision and flair to your speech.

فرسودگی (Farsudegi)
Means wear and tear, exhaustion, or burnout. It implies a long-term depletion of energy, often used for objects or severe mental burnout.

او دچار فرسودگی شغلی شده است.

He is suffering from occupational burnout.
کوفتگی (Kuftegi)
Refers to physical soreness or feeling battered, often after intense physical labor or a minor accident.

بدنم از ورزش دیروز کوفتگی دارد.

My body has soreness from yesterday's workout.

Other related words include ضعف (za'f - weakness), which is more medical and implies a lack of strength rather than just needing sleep, and بی‌حالی (bihali - lethargy), which describes a lack of mood or energy to do anything.

بی‌حالی (Bihali)
Lethargy, sluggishness, lacking the mood to be active.

گرما باعث بی‌حالی من می‌شود.

The heat causes my lethargy.

احساس ضعف و خستگی

Feeling weakness and fatigue.

به دلیل کسالت نتوانستم بیایم.

Due to indisposition, I couldn't come.

Understanding these subtle differences allows a learner to communicate exactly how they feel, whether they need a nap (خستگی), a massage (کوفتگی), a doctor (ضعف), or a long vacation (فرسودگی).

How Formal Is It?

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非正式

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俚语

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难度评级

需要掌握的语法

按水平分级的例句

1

من احساس خستگی می‌کنم.

I feel tiredness.

احساس + خستگی + کردن is a compound verb structure.

2

خستگی من زیاد است.

My tiredness is a lot.

Using خستگی as the subject.

3

او از خستگی خوابید.

He slept from tiredness.

از (from) indicates the cause.

4

چای برای خستگی خوب است.

Tea is good for tiredness.

برای (for) shows purpose.

5

خستگی بد است.

Tiredness is bad.

Simple subject-adjective sentence.

6

من خستگی ندارم.

I don't have tiredness.

Negative form of داشتن (to have).

7

دلیل خستگی تو چیست؟

What is the reason for your tiredness?

Ezafe links دلیل and خستگی.

8

خستگی رفت.

The tiredness went away.

Simple past tense.

1

برای رفع خستگی کمی استراحت کن.

Rest a little to relieve tiredness.

رفع خستگی is a common collocation.

2

خستگی کار امروز خیلی زیاد بود.

The tiredness of today's work was very much.

Ezafe chain: خستگیِ کارِ امروز.

3

بیا بنشینیم و خستگی در کنیم.

Let's sit and rest (take out tiredness).

خستگی در کردن is a colloquial idiom.

4

داروی رفع خستگی خریدم.

I bought medicine to relieve fatigue.

Compound noun phrase.

5

او با خستگی به خانه رسید.

He arrived home with tiredness.

با (with) used as an adverbial phrase of manner.

6

خستگی باعث شد زود بخوابم.

Tiredness caused me to sleep early.

باعث شد (caused) followed by subjunctive.

7

آب سرد خستگی را کم می‌کند.

Cold water reduces tiredness.

خستگی as direct object with را.

8

بعد از ورزش احساس خستگی کردم.

After exercise, I felt tired.

Past tense of احساس خستگی کردن.

1

خستگی ذهنی بدتر از خستگی جسمی است.

Mental fatigue is worse than physical fatigue.

Comparison using بدتر از.

2

با دیدن تو تمام خستگی از تنم بیرون رفت.

Seeing you, all the fatigue left my body.

Idiomatic expression for feeling refreshed.

3

او به دلیل خستگی مفرط به پزشک مراجعه کرد.

He visited the doctor due to extreme fatigue.

Formal vocabulary: مفرط (extreme), مراجعه کردن (to visit/consult).

4

استرس یکی از دلایل اصلی خستگی است.

Stress is one of the main causes of fatigue.

یکی از (one of) structure.

5

چگونه می‌توانیم بر خستگی غلبه کنیم؟

How can we overcome fatigue?

غلبه کردن بر (to overcome) takes the preposition بر.

6

خستگی مزمن می‌تواند نشانه یک بیماری باشد.

Chronic fatigue can be a sign of an illness.

Modal verb می‌تواند followed by subjunctive.

7

مسافرت طولانی باعث خستگی مسافران شد.

The long journey caused the passengers' fatigue.

باعث ... شد structure.

8

او با وجود خستگی زیاد، به کارش ادامه داد.

Despite a lot of fatigue, he continued his work.

با وجود (despite) structure.

1

سندرم خستگی مزمن یک اختلال پیچیده است.

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a complex disorder.

Medical terminology integration.

2

فرسودگی شغلی اغلب با خستگی عاطفی همراه است.

Occupational burnout is often accompanied by emotional fatigue.

همراه است با (is accompanied by).

3

برای مقابله با خستگی، تغییر سبک زندگی ضروری است.

To combat fatigue, changing lifestyle is essential.

Infinitive phrase as subject: تغییر سبک زندگی.

4

خستگی ناشی از کم‌خوابی روی تمرکز تأثیر منفی می‌گذارد.

Fatigue resulting from lack of sleep negatively affects concentration.

ناشی از (resulting from) acting as an adjective phrase.

5

او چنان خستگی‌ای احساس می‌کرد که توان ایستادن نداشت.

He felt such fatigue that he didn't have the strength to stand.

چنان ... که (such ... that) structure.

6

علائم خستگی باید جدی گرفته شوند.

Symptoms of fatigue must be taken seriously.

Passive voice with modal: باید ... گرفته شوند.

7

ورزش منظم به طرز متناقضی باعث کاهش خستگی می‌شود.

Regular exercise paradoxically causes a reduction in fatigue.

Adverbial phrase: به طرز متناقضی (paradoxically).

8

خستگی مفرط او نتیجه‌ی ماه‌ها کار بدون وقفه بود.

His extreme fatigue was the result of months of non-stop work.

Complex noun phrase describing the cause.

1

در جوامع مدرن، خستگی به یک اپیدمی خاموش تبدیل شده است.

In modern societies, fatigue has become a silent epidemic.

تبدیل شدن به (to turn into/become).

2

این رمان به زیبایی خستگی اگزیستانسیال انسان معاصر را به تصویر می‌کشد.

This novel beautifully depicts the existential fatigue of contemporary man.

Advanced vocabulary: اگزیستانسیال (existential), به تصویر کشیدن (to depict).

3

رخوت و خستگی مفرط، از پیامدهای اجتناب‌ناپذیر این بحران اقتصادی است.

Lethargy and extreme fatigue are inevitable consequences of this economic crisis.

Formal phrasing and advanced synonyms (رخوت).

4

سیاستمداران باید مراقب خستگی افکار عمومی از وعده‌های توخالی باشند.

Politicians must be wary of public opinion's fatigue from empty promises.

Metaphorical use of خستگی (political fatigue).

5

خستگی مفرط نه تنها جسم، بلکه روان آدمی را نیز می‌فرساید.

Extreme fatigue erodes not only the body but also the human psyche.

نه تنها ... بلکه (not only ... but also) and literary verb می‌فرساید.

6

او با لحنی آکنده از خستگی و ناامیدی سخن می‌گفت.

He spoke with a tone filled with fatigue and despair.

آکنده از (filled with) used adjectivally.

7

مدیریت خستگی در مشاغل حساس مانند هوانوردی امری حیاتی است.

Fatigue management in sensitive professions like aviation is a vital matter.

Professional/academic register.

8

انباشت خستگی‌های روزمره می‌تواند به فروپاشی روانی منجر شود.

The accumulation of daily fatigues can lead to psychological breakdown.

منجر شدن به (to lead to) with abstract nouns.

1

در متون کهن، واژه خستگی گاه به معنای جراحت و مجروحیت نیز به کار رفته است.

In ancient texts, the word 'khastegi' was sometimes also used to mean injury and woundedness.

Etymological and literary analysis.

2

خستگی اونتولوژیک که در آثار هدایت موج می‌زند، بازتابی از یأس دوران اوست.

The ontological fatigue that surges in Hedayat's works is a reflection of the despair of his era.

Highly academic and literary criticism vocabulary.

3

تقلیل خستگی به یک پدیده صرفاً بیولوژیک، نادیده انگاشتن ابعاد سوسیولوژیک آن است.

Reducing fatigue to a purely biological phenomenon is to ignore its sociological dimensions.

Philosophical/sociological discourse structure.

4

شاعر با استعاره‌ای بدیع، خستگی روح را به پرنده‌ای در قفس تشبیه می‌کند.

The poet, with a novel metaphor, likens the fatigue of the soul to a bird in a cage.

Literary analysis terminology (استعاره, تشبیه).

5

فرسایش تدریجی و خستگی مفرط نیروهای کار، پاشنه آشیل نظام سرمایه‌داری است.

The gradual erosion and extreme fatigue of the workforce is the Achilles' heel of the capitalist system.

Use of idioms (پاشنه آشیل) in a socio-economic context.

6

مفهوم خستگی در این بستر گفتمانی، دلالت بر استیصال ساختاری دارد.

The concept of fatigue in this discursive context signifies structural helplessness.

Discourse analysis terminology (بستر گفتمانی, دلالت).

7

او با غلبه بر خستگی‌های متراکم سالیان، شاهکار ادبی خود را خلق کرد.

By overcoming the accumulated fatigues of years, he created his literary masterpiece.

Poetic and elevated phrasing (متراکم سالیان).

8

درمان این خستگی مزمن تاریخی، نیازمند یک رنسانس فرهنگی است.

The cure for this chronic historical fatigue requires a cultural renaissance.

Macro-historical metaphor.

常见搭配

احساس خستگی
رفع خستگی
خستگی مزمن
خستگی مفرط
خستگی ذهنی
خستگی جسمی
خستگی در کردن
سندرم خستگی
از خستگی
دلیل خستگی

常用短语

خسته نباشید

خستگی در کردن

خستگی از تن بیرون رفتن

احساس خستگی کردن

رفع خستگی کردن

از خستگی افتادن

خستگی کار

خستگی راه

خستگی چشم

خستگی مفرط

容易混淆的词

خستگی vs خسته (adjective: tired)

خستگی vs خسته‌کننده (adjective: tiring/boring)

خستگی vs کسالت (noun: mild illness/boredom)

习语与表达

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容易混淆

خستگی vs

خستگی vs

خستگی vs

خستگی vs

خستگی vs

句型

如何使用

note

While 'خستگی' is the noun, never use it as an adjective. A common beginner mistake is saying 'من خستگی هستم' instead of 'من خسته هستم'.

常见错误
  • Saying 'من خستگی هستم' instead of 'من خسته هستم'.
  • Pronouncing the 'kh' as a 'k'. It must be guttural.
  • Using 'گرفتن' (to catch) with خستگی instead of 'احساس کردن'.
  • Forgetting the Ezafe when saying 'tiredness of work' (خستگیِ کار).
  • Confusing خستگی (tiredness) with خسته‌کننده (tiring/boring).

小贴士

Noun vs Adjective

Always remember: خسته = tired (adjective). خستگی = tiredness (noun). Don't mix them up in sentences.

Native Phrase

Learn 'خستگی در کردن'. It's the most natural way to say 'let's take a break and rest'.

Stress the End

The stress in Persian nouns usually falls on the last syllable. Say khas-te-GI, not khas-TE-gi.

Tea and Fatigue

In Iran, the ultimate cure for خستگی is a fresh cup of black tea (چای). Mentioning this shows cultural fluency.

Formal Synonyms

In formal writing, use words like فرسودگی (burnout) or خستگی مفرط (extreme fatigue) to sound more advanced.

Fast Speech

In fast speech, 'احساس خستگی' might sound like 'ehsas-e khastegi'. Listen for the Ezafe connecting the words.

Verbs Matter

Don't translate 'I have fatigue' directly. Use احساس کردن (to feel) or رفع کردن (to relieve) with خستگی.

Fatigue Leaving the Body

Use 'خستگی از تنم در رفت' when something good happens that makes you forget how tired you were.

Doctor Visits

If you go to a doctor in Iran, saying 'احساس خستگی بی‌دلیل دارم' (I have unexplained fatigue) is a standard symptom description.

Silent Heh

The root is خسته (with a silent 'h' at the end). When adding 'گی', the 'h' is dropped in pronunciation but sometimes kept in older orthography. Modern spelling is خستگی.

记住它

记忆技巧

Imagine a CAT (kha) STAYING (ste) in the GEE (gi) grass because it is too TIRED to move. Kha-ste-gi = tiredness.

词源

Middle Persian

文化背景

Saying 'خسته نباشید' is mandatory when entering a shop, an office, or passing a colleague.

In poetry, 'خستگی' often refers to the weariness of the lover seeking the beloved, a spiritual exhaustion.

Guests are often asked if they have 'خستگی راه' (fatigue of the journey) and are immediately offered refreshments.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"وقتی احساس خستگی می‌کنی، چه کار می‌کنی؟"

"بهترین راه برای رفع خستگی چیست؟"

"آیا کار شما باعث خستگی ذهنی می‌شود؟"

"چگونه خستگی را از خود دور می‌کنید؟"

"تفاوت خستگی جسمی و ذهنی چیست؟"

日记主题

Write about a day when you felt extreme 'خستگی' and how you recovered.

Describe your favorite routine for 'رفع خستگی' on a weekend.

How does 'خستگی ذهنی' affect your ability to study Persian?

Write a short story about someone who is 'خستگی‌ناپذیر' (indefatigable).

Reflect on the cultural phrase 'خسته نباشید' and its meaning to you.

常见问题

10 个问题

It is a noun. It means 'tiredness' or 'fatigue'. The adjective form is 'خسته' (tired).

You don't usually say 'I am tiredness'. You say 'من احساس خستگی می‌کنم' (I feel tiredness). Or just use the adjective: 'من خسته هستم'.

It literally means 'to take fatigue out'. It is a very common idiom meaning to rest, relax, or chill out after doing something tiring.

It is a voiceless velar fricative, similar to the 'ch' in Scottish 'loch' or German 'Bach'. It comes from the back of the throat.

Sometimes, yes. If someone says 'از این فیلم احساس خستگی می‌کنم', it can mean the movie is making them tired or bored. But 'حوصله‌سررفتگی' or 'ملال' are better for pure boredom.

Words like شادابی (freshness/vitality), انرژی (energy), or نشاط (cheerfulness/vigor) are good antonyms.

Yes. 'خسته نباشید' means 'May you not be tired'. It uses the adjective 'خسته', which is the root of 'خستگی'.

The medical term is 'سندرم خستگی مزمن' (chronic fatigue syndrome) or just 'خستگی مزمن'.

Absolutely. You can specify by saying 'خستگی ذهنی' (mental fatigue) or 'خستگی روحی' (spiritual/emotional fatigue).

The suffix is '-گی' (-gi). It is added to words ending in the silent 'e' (ه) to form abstract nouns, like زندگی (life) from زنده (alive).

自我测试 180 个问题

/ 180 correct

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