Real Conditionals (If... Then...)
agar + Subjunctive/Past for the condition and Present/Future for the result.
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'اگر' (agar) to describe a possible future result based on a specific condition.
- Use 'اگر' + Present Tense for the condition: اگر باران ببارد (If it rains).
- Use Future or Present Tense for the result: خانه میمانم (I stay home).
- The order can be swapped: خانه میمانم اگر باران ببارد (I stay home if it rains).
Overview
Persian real conditionals, often introduced by the conjunction agar (اگر), are fundamental to expressing cause and effect where the outcome is a real possibility. These sentences allow you to navigate everyday situations, from making a suggestion to outlining a consequence. At CEFR A2, mastering them shifts your communication from simple statements to nuanced interactions, enabling you to discuss plans, potential scenarios, and logical deductions.
Unlike some European languages that often demand complex tense shifts, Persian maintains a relatively straightforward structure for these conditional statements, focusing on the mood of the verb.
At its core, a conditional sentence presents a situation (if clause) and its likely result (then clause). For example, to say "If it rains, we will stay home," you are positing a real, albeit uncertain, event (rain) and its direct consequence. This grammatical tool empowers you to articulate conditions that might genuinely occur, making your speech and writing more dynamic and precise.
The word agar (اگر), meaning if, acts as your primary gateway to constructing these essential statements, linking a potential action or state to its subsequent effect.
How This Grammar Works
agar clause) and the Result (the main clause). These clauses work in tandem, with the condition setting the stage for the outcome described in the result. Understanding the interplay of verb moods and tenses within these clauses is crucial for accurate expression.agar clause), the verb typically appears in the Present Subjunctive mood. This choice is not arbitrary; it reflects the inherent uncertainty or hypothetical nature of the condition. The subjunctive mood in Persian, much like in English, is used to express wishes, possibilities, doubts, or non-factual situations.agar beravam (اگر بروم – if I go), you are not stating a fact about going, but rather presenting the possibility of going. This linguistic principle underscores that the action in the agar clause is not yet concrete; it is a prerequisite for the result to follow. Therefore, the present subjunctive perfectly captures this sense of potentiality.- Present Indicative: Frequently used to express a future action that is a direct and certain consequence of the condition. For instance,
agar biyāyi, mīravam(اگر بیایی، میروم – If you come, I will go). Although grammatically present, its function here is distinctly future-oriented. - Simple Future Tense: This form explicitly states a future action. While less common in everyday spoken conditionals compared to the present indicative, it is grammatically correct and often used for clarity or emphasis in formal contexts. Example:
agar bexānid, khāhid fahmīd(اگر بخوانید، خواهید فهمید – If you read, you will understand). - Imperative Mood: Used when the result is a command, an instruction, or a strong suggestion. This is common in giving advice or making requests contingent on a condition. For example:
agar vaght dāri, zang bezan(اگر وقت داری، زنگ بزن – If you have time, call).
if leads to a certain then. The Persian language, through its careful selection of verb moods, allows you to clearly distinguish between what is merely possible and what is consequently definite.Formation Pattern
agar (اگر) always signals the conditional clause, while the verb mood within that clause reflects the potentiality of the condition. In the result clause, the verb form will convey the certainty or necessity of the outcome.
agar clause):
agar clause indicates that the action is not yet realized but remains a possibility.
agar + Subject + Present Subjunctive | agar be-man be-dehi (اگر به من بدهی) | If you give me (lit. if you should give me) |
man an rā mīxaram (من آن را میخرم) | I will buy it (lit. I am buying it) |
Agar be-man be-dehi, man an rā mīxaram. (اگر به من بدهی، من آن را میخرم.) – If you give it to me, I will buy it.
Agar u rā bebinam, be u miguyam. (اگر او را ببینم، به او میگویم.) – If I see him, I will tell him.
Agar dars bexāni, movaffaq mīshavi. (اگر درس بخوانی، موفق میشوی.) – If you study, you will succeed.
Agar barān biyāyad, be pāpkark nemīravim. (اگر باران بیاید، به پارک نمیرویم.) – If it rains, we won't go to the park.
Agar zud biyāyad, qazā khāhīm xord. (اگر زود بیاید، غذا خواهیم خورد.) – If he comes early, we will eat food.
Agar pul dāshte bāsham, safari xāham raft. (اگر پول داشته باشم، سفری خواهم رفت.) – If I have money, I will go on a trip.
Agar harf-ash rā bāvar nemīkoni, azash bepors. (اگر حرفش را باور نمیکنی، ازش بپرس.) – If you don't believe him, ask him.
Agar sardet shod, yek lebās garm bepush. (اگر سردت شد، یک لباس گرم بپوش.) – If you get cold, put on warm clothes.
agar clause):
agar clause instead of the present subjunctive. This does not change the meaning to a past conditional; rather, it often implies a higher degree of certainty or a more direct, immediate connection between the condition and the result. It can also make the condition sound more 'established' or 'assumed'.
agar + Subject + Simple Past | agar dīdam (اگر دیدم) | If I see (lit. if I saw, but meaning if I do see) |
be u mīguyam (به او میگویم) | I will tell him |
Agar dīdam, be u mīguyam. (اگر دیدم، به او میگویم.) – If I see him, I will tell him. (More common in speech than agar bebinam...)
Agar āmad, be man begu. (اگر آمد، به من بگو.) – If he comes, tell me. (Colloquial and common)
Agar khāstid, mītavānid biyāyid. (اگر خواستید، میتوانید بیایید.) – If you want, you can come.
agar + Simple Past construction is pervasive in spoken Persian, for formal writing and when first learning, adhering to the agar + Present Subjunctive is recommended as it is grammatically unimpeachable.
When To Use It
- Making Plans and Arrangements: Use
agarto outline conditions for future activities, allowing for flexibility based on circumstances. Agar havā khub bāshad, be koh mīravim.(اگر هوا خوب باشد، به کوه میرویم.) – If the weather is good, we'll go to the mountain.Agar kār-am zud tamām shod, shab be didanat mīāyam.(اگر کارم زود تمام شد، شب به دیدنت میآیم.) – If my work finishes early, I'll come to see you tonight.
- Negotiating and Making Deals: Conditionals are crucial in scenarios where an action is contingent upon another's response or a specific situation.
Agar takhfif bedahid, man in rā mīxaram.(اگر تخفیف بدهید، من این را میخرم.) – If you give a discount, I will buy this.Agar shomā komak konid, mā ham komak khāhīm kard.(اگر شما کمک کنید، ما هم کمک خواهیم کرد.) – If you help, we will also help.
- Giving Advice or Warnings:
Agarclauses are perfect for presenting a condition and then following it with a recommendation, instruction, or a cautionary note. Agar dars naxāni, dar emtehān moshkel khāhi dāsht.(اگر درس نخوانی، در امتحان مشکل خواهی داشت.) – If you don't study, you will have trouble in the exam.Agar ehsās-e xastagi mīkoni, kāmeltaran xāb kon.(اگر احساس خستگی میکنی، کاملتر بخواب.) – If you feel tired, sleep more fully.
- Expressing General Truths or Habits: While often using
vaghti ke(when),agarcan also be used for conditions that reliably lead to a certain outcome, almost like a general rule. Agar āhan rā garm konid, garm mīshavad.(اگر آهن را گرم کنید، گرم میشود.) – If you heat iron, it gets hot. (A scientific truth expressed conditionally).Agar zud bidār shavam, ruz-am behtar ast.(اگر زود بیدار شوم، روزم بهتر است.) – If I wake up early, my day is better. (A personal habit/observation).
- Making Promises or Threats: The conditional structure can convey commitments or warnings, tying an action to a specified outcome.
Agar in kār rā bokoni, digar bā shomā sohbat nemīkonam.(اگر این کار را بکنی، دیگر با شما صحبت نمیکنم.) – If you do this, I will not speak with you anymore.Agar man be Tehran beravam, hatman be didanat mīāyam.(اگر من به تهران بروم، حتماً به دیدنت میآیم.) – If I go to Tehran, I will definitely come to see you.
Common Mistakes
- 1Using Future Tense in the
agarClause: This is arguably the most common mistake, directly mirroring a common error English learners make. Just as in English you wouldn't say "If I will go, I will tell him," Persian similarly avoids the explicit future tense (khāham raft) in the conditional clause.
- Incorrect:
Agar man khāham raft, be u mīguyam.(اگر من خواهم رفت، به او میگویم.) - Correct:
Agar man beravam, be u mīguyam.(اگر من بروم، به او میگویم.) – If I go, I will tell him. - Why it's wrong: The
agarclause inherently expresses uncertainty. The future tense (khāham raft) expresses a definite future action. These two concepts conflict. The subjunctive (beravam) is specifically designed to convey this uncertainty and possibility.
- 1Incorrect Negative Subjunctive: Forming the negative of the present subjunctive can be tricky. Remember that the
be-prefix, which often appears in affirmative subjunctive forms, disappears in the negative.
- Incorrect:
Agar be-man ne-dehi...(اگر به من ندهی...) orAgar na-beravi...(اگر نروی...) - Correct:
Agar na-dehi...(اگر ندهی...) – If you don't give... - Correct:
Agar na-ravī...(اگر نروی...) – If you don't go... - Why it's wrong: The negative prefix
na-(ن-) takes precedence overbe-(ب-). Thebe-prefix is generally used to make the subjunctive or imperative more distinct, but it's dropped whenna-is present.
- 1Confusing
agarwithvaghti ke(when): While both introduce clauses, their meanings are distinct and using them interchangeably is a common error that alters the meaning significantly.
Agar(اگر): Implies uncertainty. The condition might happen.Agar barān biyāyad, be pāpkark nemīravim.(اگر باران بیاید، به پارک نمیرویم.) – If it rains (uncertain), we won't go to the park.Vaghti ke(وقتی که): Implies certainty. The condition will happen.Vaghti ke barān biyāyad, havā sard mīshavad.(وقتی که باران بیاید، هوا سرد میشود.) – When it rains (it's certain to rain), the weather gets cold.- Why it's wrong: Using
vaghti kefor an uncertain event makes it sound as if the event is guaranteed, fundamentally changing the speaker's intent.
- 1Omitting the Verb in the
agarClause (or usinghast/nīstincorrectly): While sometimesagar+ noun/adjective implying 'if there is/isn't' is natural, explicitly omitting the verb where a subjunctive is required can lead to ambiguity or ungrammatical sentences.
- Incorrect:
Agar pul, man mīxaram.(اگر پول، من میخرم.) – If money, I buy. - Correct:
Agar pul dāshte bāsham, man mīxaram.(اگر پول داشته باشم، من میخرم.) – If I have money, I will buy. - Why it's wrong: Persian requires a conjugated verb (often
dāshtanداشتن for possession orbudanبودن for being) in such conditional clauses.
- 1Over-reliance on
agarin rapid speech: While not strictly an error for learners, in fast, informal spoken Persian,agaris sometimes omitted entirely, and the conditional nature is conveyed by intonation or context. Relying solely onagarfor conditional meaning will make your speech sound formal or slightly stiff in very casual settings.
Dīdam, behet mīgam.(دیدم، بهت میگم.) – If I see (him), I'll tell you. (Implicitagar dīdam)
Real Conversations
Understanding how native speakers use real conditionals in authentic, modern contexts reveals the dynamic and flexible nature of this grammar point. It's not just about textbook rules; it's about conveying nuanced meaning in everyday interactions, from quick texts to more extended discussions.
- Casual Planning (Text Message):
- A: Fardā tāz-e bāzār berim? (فردا تازه بازار بریم؟) – Shall we go to the fresh market tomorrow?
- B: Agar havā khub bashe, hatman. (اگر هوا خوب باشه، حتماً.) – If the weather's good, definitely. (Note the colloquial bashe for bāshad)
- This shows how the agar clause sets a clear, yet casual, condition for a plan.
- Giving Advice/Instructions (Over the phone):
- Agar behesh zang zadi, behesh begu ke man ham miāyam. (اگر بهش زنگ زدی، بهش بگو که من هم میآیم.) – If you call him, tell him I'm coming too. (Here, zadi (Simple Past) is used colloquially in the agar clause).
- The use of the Simple Past (zadi) in the agar clause is very common in spoken Persian, implying an assumed or very likely condition. The be- prefix on begu (بگو) makes it a clear imperative.
- Online Discussion (Social Media Comment):
- Commenter 1: In film kheyli zībak bud. (این فیلم خیلی زیبا بود.) – This movie was very beautiful.
- Commenter 2: Agar vaght dāshti, hatman bebin. (اگر وقت داشتی، حتماً ببین.) – If you had time (i.e., if you do have time), definitely watch it. (Again, dāshti (Simple Past) is used for a present/future condition).
- This is a natural way to recommend something, assuming the other person might have the opportunity.
- Work Email (Setting a condition for a meeting):
- Agar ta'yīd konid, جلسه را برای چهارشنبه تنظیم میکنم. (Agar ta'yīd konid, jalse rā barāye chahārshanbe tanzīm mīkonam.) – If you confirm, I will schedule the meeting for Wednesday.
- This demonstrates a formal application, using the present subjunctive ta'yīd konid (confirm) to state the condition for action.
- Conversational Omission of agar (highly informal):
- Kārat tamām shod, be man elām kon. (کارت تمام شد، به من اعلام کن.) – Your work finished (i.e., If your work finishes), let me know.
- Here, agar is entirely omitted, and the conditional meaning is inferred from the context and the two clauses being juxtaposed. This is advanced usage and best approached after mastering the explicit agar construction.
These examples illustrate that while the core grammatical rules remain, real-world usage often incorporates colloquial forms and even omissions, particularly in spoken and informal contexts. Paying attention to these variations will make your Persian sound much more natural.
Quick FAQ
- Q: Can I swap the order of the
agarclause and the result clause?
agar clause first is more common. When the agar clause comes second, a comma before agar is generally used in writing, and a slight pause in speech.Man be to zang mīzanam agar vaght dāshte bāsham.(من به تو زنگ میزنم اگر وقت داشته باشم.) – I will call you if I have time.Agar vaght dāshte bāsham, man be to zang mīzanam.(اگر وقت داشته باشم، من به تو زنگ میزنم.) – If I have time, I will call you.
- Q: Do I always need to use the subjunctive mood in the
agarclause?
agar clause to express a present or future condition. This is a characteristic feature of colloquial Persian and indicates a condition that is either certain to occur or is being assumed.- Formal:
Agar beravam...(اگر بروم – If I go...) - Colloquial:
Agar raftam...(اگر رفتم – If I go... [lit. if I went...])
- Q: Is there a specific word for "then" in Persian conditionals?
pas (پس) or āngāh (آنگاه) exist and mean "then" or "after that," they are often omitted in real conditional sentences in Persian. A simple pause (represented by a comma in writing) is usually sufficient to indicate the separation between the condition and the result. Using pas or āngāh can add emphasis or a slightly more formal tone, but it's rarely mandatory.Agar mīxāhi, boro.(اگر میخواهی، برو.) – If you want, go.Agar mīxāhi, pas boro.(اگر میخواهی، پس برو.) – If you want, then go. (Slightly more emphatic)
- Q: How do I express a negative condition (e.g., "If you don't...")?
na- (ن-) to the subjunctive verb. Remember that the be- prefix, if present in the affirmative subjunctive, is dropped in the negative.Agar nayāyi, man ham nemīāyam.(اگر نیایی، من هم نمیآیم.) – If you don't come, I won't come either.Agar naxāhi, majbur nīsti.(اگر نخواهی، مجبور نیستی.) – If you don't want to, you are not obligated.
- Q: Can I use real conditionals for past events?
agar dānesh budam...). This is typically a B1 or B2 topic.Conditional Structure
| Part | Grammar | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
If-Clause
|
اگر + Present
|
اگر بروی
|
|
Result-Clause
|
Future/Present
|
میروم
|
|
Negative If
|
اگر + Present (Neg)
|
اگر نروی
|
|
Negative Result
|
Future/Present (Neg)
|
نمیروم
|
|
Question If
|
اگر + Present + ?
|
اگر بروی؟
|
|
Question Result
|
Future/Present + ?
|
میروی؟
|
Meanings
Real conditionals describe situations that are likely to happen in the future if a specific condition is met.
Likely Future
Predicting a result for a possible future event.
“اگر درس بخوانی، موفق میشوی.”
“اگر هوا خوب باشد، بیرون میرویم.”
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
اگر + Present, Future
|
اگر بخوانی، موفق میشوی
|
|
Negative
|
اگر + Present(Neg), Future(Neg)
|
اگر نخوانی، موفق نمیشوی
|
|
Interrogative
|
اگر + Present, Future?
|
اگر بخوانی، موفق میشوی؟
|
|
Swapped
|
Future, اگر + Present
|
موفق میشوی اگر بخوانی
|
|
Modal
|
اگر + Present, Modal
|
اگر بخوانی، میتوانی موفق شوی
|
|
Imperative
|
اگر + Present, Imperative
|
اگر خستهای، بخواب
|
Formality Spectrum
چنانچه تشریف بیاورید، عزیمت خواهیم کرد. (Social plans)
اگر بیایید، میرویم. (Social plans)
اگه بیای، میریم. (Social plans)
اگه پاشی بیای، میزنیم به چاک. (Social plans)
Conditional Logic
Condition
- اگر باران ببارد If it rains
Result
- خانه میمانم I stay home
Examples by Level
اگر گرسنه هستی، غذا بخور.
If you are hungry, eat food.
اگر خسته هستی، بخواب.
If you are tired, sleep.
اگر پول داری، خرید کن.
If you have money, shop.
اگر سرد است، ژاکت بپوش.
If it is cold, wear a jacket.
اگر فردا باران نبارد، به پارک میرویم.
If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.
اگر به من زنگ بزنی، خوشحال میشوم.
If you call me, I will be happy.
اگر امتحان را قبول شوی، جایزه میگیری؟
If you pass the exam, will you get a prize?
اگر دیر برسی، قطار را از دست میدهی.
If you arrive late, you will miss the train.
اگر بتوانم، حتماً در جلسه شرکت میکنم.
If I can, I will definitely attend the meeting.
اگر این کتاب را بخوانی، خیلی چیزها یاد میگیری.
If you read this book, you will learn a lot.
اگر بخواهی، میتوانیم با هم برویم.
If you want, we can go together.
اگر مشکلی پیش بیاید، به تو خبر میدهم.
If a problem arises, I will let you know.
چنانچه مایل باشید، میتوانیم قرارداد را بازبینی کنیم.
If you are inclined, we can review the contract.
اگر سرمایهگذاری کنید، سود خوبی خواهید داشت.
If you invest, you will have good profit.
اگر شرایط جوی مساعد باشد، پرواز انجام میشود.
If weather conditions are favorable, the flight will proceed.
اگر به توصیههای من عمل کنی، موفق خواهی شد.
If you follow my advice, you will succeed.
اگرچه سخت است، اما اگر تلاش کنی، به نتیجه میرسی.
Although it is hard, if you try, you will reach the result.
هرگاه فرصتی دست دهد، باید از آن استفاده کرد.
Whenever an opportunity arises, one must use it.
اگر بخواهیم واقعبین باشیم، این پروژه زمانبر است.
If we want to be realistic, this project is time-consuming.
اگر قرار باشد تغییری ایجاد کنیم، باید از خودمان شروع کنیم.
If we are to make a change, we must start with ourselves.
اگر چنانچه در این باب تردیدی باشد، میتوان به منابع رجوع کرد.
If there is any doubt regarding this, one can refer to the sources.
اگر فرض را بر این بگیریم که دادهها صحیح هستند، نتیجه منطقی است.
If we assume that the data is correct, the result is logical.
اگرچه ممکن است در نگاه اول ساده به نظر برسد، اما اگر عمیقتر شویم، پیچیده است.
Although it may seem simple at first glance, if we go deeper, it is complex.
اگر بنا باشد که عدالت برقرار شود، باید قوانین اصلاح گردند.
If justice is to be established, the laws must be reformed.
Easily Confused
Learners mix up the tenses.
Learners add 'ke' unnecessarily.
Translating 'If I will go' literally.
Common Mistakes
اگر خواهم رفت، میبینمت
اگر بروم، میبینمت
اگر باران ببارد، من خواهم ماند
اگر باران ببارد، میمانم
اگر تو آمدی، من میروم
اگر تو بیایی، من میروم
اگر باران، خانه میمانم
اگر باران ببارد، خانه میمانم
اگر نیایی، نمیروم
اگر نیایی، نمیروم
اگر او بیاید، ما میرویم؟
اگر او بیاید، ما میرویم؟
اگر من پول دارم، میخرم
اگر پول داشته باشم، میخرم
اگر میرفتم، میدیدم
اگر بروم، میبینم
اگر او میتواند، انجام میدهد
اگر بتواند، انجام میدهد
اگر که بیایی
اگر بیایی
اگر چنانچه که بیایی
اگر بیایی
اگر میبود، میشد
اگر باشد، میشود
اگر بیاید، رفته بودم
اگر بیاید، خواهم رفت
Sentence Patterns
اگر ___، ___.
___ اگر ___.
اگر ___، میتوانم ___.
اگر بخواهم ___، باید ___.
Real World Usage
اگه رسیدی خبر بده.
اگر این پست را دوست دارید، لایک کنید.
اگر استخدام شوم، تمام تلاشم را میکنم.
اگر نقشه داشته باشیم، گم نمیشویم.
اگر غذا سرد باشد، آن را پس میدهم.
اگر فرضیه درست باشد، نتیجه منطقی است.
Keep it simple
No future in 'if'
Swap for emphasis
Use 'اگه' in speech
Smart Tips
Replace 'اگر' with 'چنانچه'.
Use 'اگه' instead of 'اگر'.
Put the result clause first.
Stick to simple present in the condition.
Pronunciation
Agar
Pronounced 'a-gar'. The 'g' is hard as in 'go'.
Rising-Falling
اگر بیایی (↗) ، میرویم (↘)
The condition rises, the result falls.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Agar (If) leads to the goal (Result).
Visual Association
Imagine a bridge. The left side is 'Agar' (the condition), the right side is the 'Result'. You must cross the bridge to get the result.
Rhyme
اگر بیایی، میبینمت / اگر نروی، میمانمت
Story
Ali wants to go to the park. He says: 'If it is sunny, I will go.' He checks the sky. It is sunny. He goes.
Word Web
Challenge
Write 3 sentences about your plans for tomorrow using 'اگر'.
Cultural Notes
People often drop the 'r' in 'agar' to sound like 'age'.
Use 'چنانچه' instead of 'اگر' for a more sophisticated tone.
Often uses more direct, simple structures.
Derived from Middle Persian 'agar'.
Conversation Starters
اگر فردا تعطیل باشد، چه کار میکنی؟
اگر پول زیادی داشته باشی، چه میخری؟
اگر بخواهی یک زبان جدید یاد بگیری، کدام را انتخاب میکنی؟
اگر قرار باشد در یک کشور دیگر زندگی کنی، کدام کشور است؟
Journal Prompts
Common Mistakes
Test Yourself
اگر تو ___ (آمدن)، من میروم.
Which sentence is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
اگر خواهم رفت، تو را میبینم.
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
If you have time, call me.
Answer starts with: اگر...
A: اگر فردا هوا خوب باشد، چه میکنی? B: ___
Use: اگر، درس خواندن، موفق شدن
اگر بیایی، میروم.
Score: /8
Practice Exercises
8 exercisesاگر تو ___ (آمدن)، من میروم.
Which sentence is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
اگر خواهم رفت، تو را میبینم.
اگر / میروم / بیایی / تو
If you have time, call me.
A: اگر فردا هوا خوب باشد، چه میکنی? B: ___
Use: اگر، درس خواندن، موفق شدن
اگر بیایی، میروم.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesAgar u rā ____ (seeing - subjunctive), salāmati bede.
Agar ziyād ____ (eating - subjunctive), mariz mishavi.
Match the sentence halves.
agar / dars / bekhāni / ghabul / mishavi
Translate into Persian.
Colloquial Persian for 'If he goes':
Agar fardā kārmand hastam...
Agar u ____ (not coming), man miravam.
Situation: Your friend might be late. You say:
takhfif / agar / bedahid / mikharam
Translate this common phrase.
Is 'mikhāhi' correct here?
Score: /12
FAQ (8)
Yes, but it changes the meaning to a hypothetical or a past-real condition. For A2, stick to present.
No, 'اگه' is informal. Use 'اگر' in writing.
Yes, it's very common and sounds natural.
It's fine in texting, but use it in formal writing.
That's a different structure. Stick to future possibilities for now.
It's the main way to express cause and effect.
Yes, 'چنانچه' and 'هرگاه' are more formal.
Yes, the subject must be consistent.
Scaffolded Practice
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2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Si + Present, Future
Spanish has more complex subjunctive rules for unreal conditions.
Si + Present, Future
French has specific rules for 'si' contraction before 'il'.
Wenn + Present, Present/Future
German verb placement is strictly governed by the 'wenn' clause.
~tara / ~ba
Persian uses a conjunction; Japanese uses verb suffixes.
إذا (Idha) + Past/Present
Arabic tense usage in conditions is distinct from Persian.
如果 (Rúguǒ) + ...
Chinese has no verb conjugation, making the structure simpler.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Related Grammar Rules
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The Conjunction "or": `yā` (یا)
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Time Clauses: Using 'Vaghti ke' (When)
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