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B2 adjective 9分钟阅读

راکد

开始练习例句笔记与提示 راکد 30秒了解

解析 راکد in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'raked' very often, but it's good to know it means 'water that doesn't move.' Think of a small pool of water in a park. If the water doesn't move, it's 'raked.' You can remember it as 'stop water.' In simple Persian, we usually say 'āb harekat nemikone' (water doesn't move). 'Raked' is just a special word for that. You might see it in a picture book about nature. For an A1 student, the focus should be on the physical meaning: water in a place where it stays still. Don't worry about the economic meanings yet. Just remember: 'āb-e rāked' = 'water that stays still.' This is a very formal word, so you will mostly see it in books or hear it on the news, not in daily talk with friends.

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For A2 learners, 'raked' is a useful word to describe things that are 'stuck' or 'still.' You can start using it to describe not just water, but also a 'market' (bāzār). If you go to a shop and there are no people, the shopkeeper might say the market is 'raked.' It means 'no business today.' It's like the English word 'slow' when talking about business. You can use it in short sentences like 'Bāzār rāked ast' (The market is slow). You should also know that it's the opposite of 'jāri' (flowing). At this level, try to recognize the word when you hear it in news reports about the economy. It's an adjective, so it usually comes after the noun with a small 'e' sound: 'bāzār-e rāked.'

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At the B1 level, you should understand 'raked' as a word for 'stagnation.' You can use it to describe situations where there is no progress. For example, if you are working on a project and nothing has happened for weeks, you can say 'Proje rāked mānde ast' (The project has remained stagnant). You are now moving beyond just 'water' and 'markets' to more abstract ideas. You should also be aware of the noun form 'rakud' (stagnation), which you will hear often in news about 'rakud-e eqtesādi' (economic recession/stagnation). This word is important for reading newspapers. It carries a negative feeling—it's not just 'still,' it's 'still when it should be moving.' Use it to sound more professional when talking about your work or the news.

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At the B2 level, 'raked' is a key vocabulary item for discussing economic and social issues. You should be able to use it fluently to describe 'dormant' assets, 'sluggish' markets, and 'stagnant' air. You should understand the nuance that 'raked' implies a lack of necessary circulation. For instance, 'sarmāye-ye rāked' refers to capital that is not being invested and is therefore 'wasted.' You can also use it to describe a 'stagnant lifestyle' or a 'stagnant mind.' At this level, you should be able to distinguish between 'raked' and its synonyms like 'sāken' or 'kasād.' You should use 'raked' in your writing to provide a more academic or formal tone. It is particularly useful for essays about the environment, economy, or personal development.

For C1 learners, 'raked' is a word with deep metaphorical potential. You should explore its use in literature and high-level journalism to describe 'intellectual stagnation' or 'political deadlock.' At this level, you should be comfortable using the word in complex sentence structures, such as 'Dar hāle-ke eqtesād rāked ast, tavarrom hamchenān bālāst' (While the economy is stagnant, inflation is still high). You should also understand its etymology (from Arabic) and how it relates to other words in the same root family. You can use it to critique social systems or to describe the 'stillness' in a poetic sense. Your use of 'raked' should show an understanding of its negative connotation of 'decay through lack of motion.' It's a precise tool for social commentary.

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At the C2 level, you use 'raked' with the precision of a native speaker, catching all its subtle implications. You understand that 'raked' isn't just a lack of movement, but often a failure of a system to fulfill its dynamic purpose. You can use it to discuss 'stagnant' periods in history, the 'stagnation' of a language's evolution, or the 'dormancy' of legal statutes. You can skillfully employ it in rhetorical devices, contrasting the 'raked' status quo with 'puyā' (dynamic) reforms. You are also aware of very specific collocations like 'āb-hā-ye rāked-e siyāsi' (stagnant political waters). Your mastery allows you to use the word to create atmosphere in creative writing or to provide rigorous analysis in academic papers. At this level, 'raked' is more than a word; it's a concept of systemic inertia.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

راکد 30秒了解

Raked means stagnant or inactive, used for water, markets, or life.
It comes from an Arabic root meaning to be still or quiet.
Commonly paired with 'bāzār' (market) to describe a slow economy.
The opposite of 'raked' is 'puyā' (dynamic) or 'jāri' (flowing).

The Persian word راکد (pronounced 'rāked') is a sophisticated adjective primarily used to describe a state of inactivity, stillness, or lack of progress. At its core, it refers to something that should be moving or flowing but has become stationary. In a physical sense, it is most frequently associated with water—specifically water that does not flow, which can lead to it becoming foul or unhealthy. However, in modern Persian, its metaphorical application in the realms of economics, business, and personal growth is far more common. When you describe a market as raked, you are suggesting a period of recession or a lack of buying and selling activity. It carries a slightly negative connotation, implying that the lack of movement is detrimental or indicative of a problem. For English speakers, the best equivalents are 'stagnant,' 'sluggish,' or 'dormant.' Understanding this word requires recognizing the cultural value placed on 'flow' and 'movement' in Persian thought, where stagnation is often equated with decay.

Literal Meaning: Specifically used for liquids that are not flowing, such as a pond or a pool without a drainage system.

Economic Context: Used to describe a 'sluggish market' (bāzār-e rāked) where transactions have significantly slowed down.

Social Context: Can describe a person's life or career that has hit a plateau and lacks dynamic change.

آب‌های راکد معمولاً پس از مدتی بدبو می‌شوند.
Stagnant waters usually become smelly after a while.

در فصل زمستان، بازار مسکن کاملاً راکد بود.
In the winter season, the housing market was completely stagnant.

سرمایه‌ی او برای سال‌ها در بانک به صورت راکد باقی مانده است.
His capital has remained dormant in the bank for years.

ذهن راکد نمی‌تواند ایده‌های خلاقانه تولید کند.
A stagnant mind cannot produce creative ideas.

وضعیت سیاسی کشور در حال حاضر راکد به نظر می‌رسد.
The country's political situation currently seems stagnant.

In summary, راکد is a versatile adjective that bridges the gap between physical descriptions of nature and complex socio-economic observations. Whether you are discussing environmental hazards of standing water or the frustrations of a slow economy, this word provides the necessary weight and clarity to describe a state of standstill. Its usage in literature often symbolizes a lack of vitality or a soul that has stopped seeking growth, making it a powerful tool for both practical and poetic expression in Persian.

Using راکد correctly involves understanding its role as an adjective and its specific collocations. In Persian grammar, adjectives typically follow the noun they modify, connected by an 'Ezafe' (the short 'e' sound). For example, to say 'stagnant water,' you say 'āb-e rāked.' It can also function as a predicate adjective in a sentence like 'bāzār rāked ast' (the market is stagnant). The word is highly formal but remains accessible, making it suitable for academic writing, news broadcasts, and professional business meetings. It is rarely used in very informal, slang-heavy conversations unless one is being intentionally dramatic or precise about a situation.

Noun + Adjective (Ezafe): اقتصادِ راکد (Stagnant economy), هوایِ راکد (Still/Stagnant air).

As a Predicate: این پروژه برای ماه‌ها راکد مانده است (This project has remained stagnant for months).

With Verbs: راکد شدن (To become stagnant), راکد ماندن (To remain stagnant), راکد کردن (To make stagnant/to freeze).

دولت تلاش می‌کند تا از راکد شدن چرخ‌های تولید جلوگیری کند.
The government is trying to prevent the wheels of production from becoming stagnant.

بسیاری از حساب‌های بانکی به دلیل عدم فعالیت، راکد اعلام شدند.
Many bank accounts were declared dormant due to inactivity.

در هوای راکد اتاق، بوی عجیبی به مشام می‌رسید.
In the stagnant air of the room, a strange smell could be sensed.

او احساس می‌کرد که زندگی‌اش در یک نقطه‌ی راکد گیر کرده است.
He felt that his life was stuck at a stagnant point.

تحریم‌ها باعث شده‌اند که بسیاری از پروژه‌های عمرانی راکد بمانند.
Sanctions have caused many construction projects to remain stagnant.

Mastering راکد involves recognizing its flexibility. While it starts as a physical description, its power lies in its ability to describe complex systems—like economies or psychological states—that have lost their momentum. By pairing it with verbs like 'māndan' (to stay) or 'shodan' (to become), you can accurately convey the duration and transition of this state of stillness.

In the daily life of a Persian speaker, you are most likely to encounter the word راکد in professional and informational settings. If you turn on the news or open a financial newspaper like 'Donya-e-Eqtesad,' you will frequently see headlines about the 'bāzār-e rāked' (stagnant market) of housing, cars, or gold. This is the primary domain of the word today. It signals to the reader that despite high prices, there is no 'ronaq' (prosperity/activity)—meaning people are neither buying nor selling. This economic usage is so pervasive that even people with little interest in finance understand 'raked' as a synonym for 'bad for business.'

News & Media: Reporting on economic recessions, frozen assets, or stalled diplomatic talks.

Environmental Reports: Discussing water pollution in ponds or the lack of air circulation in urban 'canyons' during pollution crises.

Banking & Finance: Terms like 'hesāb-hā-ye rāked' (dormant accounts) are standard banking terminology.

گزارش‌ها نشان می‌دهد که بازار خودرو همچنان راکد است.
Reports show that the car market is still stagnant.

پشه‌ها معمولاً در آب‌های راکد تخم‌گذاری می‌کنند.
Mosquitoes usually lay eggs in stagnant waters.

سرمایه‌های راکد باید به سمت بخش تولید هدایت شوند.
Stagnant capitals should be directed towards the production sector.

به دلیل نبود باد، هوای شهر راکد و آلوده مانده است.
Due to the lack of wind, the city's air has remained stagnant and polluted.

این قانون سال‌هاست که به صورت راکد باقی مانده و اجرا نمی‌شود.
This law has remained stagnant for years and is not being implemented.

Beyond the news, you might hear this word in a doctor's office or a health seminar when discussing the importance of circulation. However, its most poignant use remains in the description of a life or a society that has stopped evolving. When a poet or a modern writer uses راکد, they are often criticizing a lack of intellectual or spiritual movement, contrasting it with the 'jāri' (flowing) nature of a healthy soul. This duality—between the literal stagnant pond and the metaphorical stagnant economy—makes it a essential word for high-level Persian proficiency.

One of the most common mistakes learners make with the word راکد is confusing it with other words that mean 'still' or 'quiet.' Persian has several words for lack of movement, and they are not always interchangeable. For instance, sāket means 'quiet' (as in no sound), while sāken means 'still' or 'resident.' Using raked to describe a quiet library would be incorrect; you are describing a lack of flow or activity, not a lack of noise. Another mistake is using it for people in a physical sense—you wouldn't say a person sitting on a chair is 'raked.' That would be 'neshaste' (sitting) or 'bi-harekat' (motionless). Raked is for systems, liquids, or abstract concepts.

Raked vs. Sāken: 'Sāken' is neutral (still water in a glass), while 'Raked' often implies a negative state (stagnant water in a swamp).

Raked vs. Motevaqef: 'Motevaqef' means 'stopped' (like a car at a red light). 'Raked' means it's not moving because it lacks the drive or flow to do so.

Misapplying to People: Don't say 'man raked hastam' to mean you are staying home. Say 'man bi-taharrok hastam' if you mean you aren't moving physically.

Incorrect: کتابخانه خیلی راکد است.
Mistake: The library is very stagnant (meant quiet). Correct: Sāket.

Incorrect: او در صندلی راکد نشست.
Mistake: He sat stagnant in the chair. Correct: Bi-harekat.

Incorrect: ترافیک راکد شده است.
Mistake: Traffic has become stagnant. (While possible, 'sangin' or 'motevaqef' is better).

Incorrect: این رودخانه راکد است.
Note: A river (rudkhāne) by definition flows. If it's 'raked,' it's no longer a river, it's a 'mordāb' (marsh).

Incorrect: بازار ساکت است.
Mistake: The market is quiet (silent). Correct for 'no business': Rāked.

Another nuance is the difference between raked and kasād. While both can describe a slow market, kasād specifically refers to a lack of customers or sales ('business is dull'), whereas raked is a broader economic term for a lack of circulation or activity in the whole system. Using raked correctly will make your Persian sound much more professional and precise, especially in discussions about the economy or the environment.

To truly master راکد, you should be aware of its synonyms and how they differ in flavor. The most direct synonym is بی‌تحرک (bi-taharrok), which literally means 'without movement.' While raked is often used for markets and water, bi-taharrok is more general and can apply to physical objects or even a sedentary lifestyle. Another related word is ایستا (istā), which means 'static.' This is often used in technical or scientific contexts, such as 'static electricity' or 'static forces.' Understanding these nuances helps you choose the word that best fits the 'register' of your conversation.

راکد vs. بی‌تحرک: 'Raked' implies a system that *should* be moving (like an economy). 'Bi-taharrok' simply describes a lack of motion (like a statue).

راکد vs. کساد: 'Kasād' is specifically for trade and commerce (dull business). 'Raked' is broader (stagnant water, stagnant air, stagnant economy).

راکد vs. ساکن: 'Sāken' is 'still' or 'stationary.' It doesn't always carry the negative 'stagnant' connotation that 'raked' does.

ساکن: آب در لیوان ساکن است.
Still: The water in the glass is still (neutral).

راکد: آب در مرداب راکد است.
Stagnant: The water in the swamp is stagnant (negative/foul).

بی‌تحرک: سبک زندگی او بسیار بی‌تحرک است.
Motionless: His lifestyle is very sedentary/motionless.

کساد: بازار فرش این روزها کساد است.
Dull: The carpet market is dull/lacks customers these days.

ایستا: معماری ایستا در برابر زلزله مقاوم نیست.
Static: Static architecture is not resistant to earthquakes.

By learning these alternatives, you can avoid repetitive language and describe situations with greater nuance. While راکد is a powerful and common word, knowing when to use kasād for trade or istā for technical contexts will elevate your Persian from intermediate to advanced. Always consider the 'movement' you are describing—is it a flow that has stopped (raked), a physical state of rest (sāken), or a lack of customers (kasād)?

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

While the root is Arabic, the way it's used to describe the 'housing market' or 'bank accounts' is a modern development in the Persian language. In classical Persian poetry, it was almost always about water or the soul.

发音指南

UK /rɑː.kɛd/

US /rɑ.kɛd/

The stress is on the first syllable: RA-ked.

押韵词

فاسد (fāsed - corrupt) قاصد (qāsed - messenger) جامد (jāmed - solid) حامد (hāmed - name) شاهد (shāhed - witness) زاهد (zāhed - ascetic) عابد (ābed - worshiper) وارد (vāred - entering)

常见错误

Pronouncing it as 'raket' (like a rocket). The final 'd' must be voiced.
Pronouncing the 'a' like 'apple'. It should be 'ā' like 'saw' or 'father'.
Confusing it with 'rekad' (not a word).
Missing the 'e' sound in the middle.
Putting stress on the second syllable.

难度评级

阅读 4/5

Common in newspapers, but the spelling is distinct.

写作 5/5

Requires understanding of the 'Ezafe' and correct context.

口语 4/5

Easy to pronounce but sounds very formal if overused.

听力 5/5

Can be confused with 'raket' or 'sāken' in fast speech.

接下来学什么

前置知识

آب (Water) بازار (Market) حرکت (Movement) ساکن (Still) اقتصاد (Economy)

接下来学习

رکود (Recession) پویا (Dynamic) تورم (Inflation) رونق (Prosperity) سرمایه‌گذاری (Investment)

高级

ایستایی (Stasis) جمود (Rigidity) تحرک (Mobility) انجماد (Freezing) کسادی (Dullness of trade)

需要掌握的语法

Adjective Placement

بازارِ راکد (The stagnant market) - Adjective follows noun.

Compound Verbs with 'Shodan'

راکد شدن (To become stagnant) - Common way to form verbs from adjectives.

The Ezafe Construction

آبِ راکد - The short 'e' links the noun and adjective.

Subjunctive after 'Bayad'

نباید راکد بماند (It should not remain stagnant).

Pluralizing Adjectives as Nouns

راکدها (The stagnant ones) - Rare but possible in specific contexts.

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按水平分级的例句

این آب راکد است.

This water is stagnant.

Simple Subject + Adjective + Verb 'to be'.

آب راکد خوب نیست.

Stagnant water is not good.

Adjective modifying the noun 'water'.

در این استخر آب راکد وجود دارد.

There is stagnant water in this pool.

Use of 'vojud dārad' (there is).

ماهی در آب راکد زندگی نمی‌کند.

Fish do not live in stagnant water.

Negative verb 'zendegi nemikone'.

آیا این آب راکد است؟

Is this water stagnant?

Question form.

او به آب راکد نگاه می‌کند.

He is looking at the stagnant water.

Present progressive sense.

آب راکد کثیف است.

Stagnant water is dirty.

Simple adjective-noun-adjective structure.

من آب راکد نمی‌خواهم.

I don't want stagnant water.

First person negative.

امروز بازار خیلی راکد است.

Today the market is very stagnant.

Using 'raked' for a market context.

چرا بازار راکد شده است؟

Why has the market become stagnant?

Present perfect of 'become'.

در زمستان، خرید و فروش راکد می‌شود.

In winter, buying and selling becomes stagnant.

Simple present describing a habit.

پول نباید در بانک راکد بماند.

Money should not remain stagnant in the bank.

Use of 'nabāyad' (should not).

او یک ماشین راکد در حیاط دارد.

He has a stagnant (unused) car in the yard.

Metaphorical use for 'unused'.

این پروژه فعلاً راکد است.

This project is currently stagnant.

Using 'fe'lan' (currently).

هوا در این اتاق راکد است.

The air in this room is stagnant.

Describing air quality.

ما نباید اجازه دهیم زندگی‌مان راکد شود.

We shouldn't let our lives become stagnant.

Subjunctive 'shavad' after 'ejāze dādan'.

بسیاری از کارخانه‌ها به دلیل وضعیت راکد اقتصادی تعطیل شدند.

Many factories were closed due to the stagnant economic situation.

Adjective phrase 'vaz'iyat-e rāked-e eqtesādi'.

سرمایه‌های راکد باید به چرخه تولید بازگردند.

Stagnant capitals must return to the production cycle.

Plural noun with adjective.

او از زندگی راکد خود خسته شده بود.

He was tired of his stagnant life.

Use of 'khaste shodan az' (to be tired of).

وضعیت سیاسی در حال حاضر کاملاً راکد به نظر می‌رسد.

The political situation currently seems completely stagnant.

Using 'be nazar residan' (to seem).

آب‌های راکد محل مناسبی برای رشد حشرات هستند.

Stagnant waters are a suitable place for insects to grow.

Scientific/factual statement.

اگر بازار راکد بماند، قیمت‌ها کاهش می‌یابد.

If the market remains stagnant, prices will decrease.

Conditional sentence (Type 1).

او سعی کرد با یادگیری مهارت جدید، از حالت راکد خارج شود.

He tried to get out of the stagnant state by learning a new skill.

Prepositional phrase 'az hālat-e rāked'.

این حساب بانکی به مدت دو سال راکد بوده است.

This bank account has been stagnant for two years.

Present perfect 'bude ast'.

رکود اقتصادی باعث شده است که بسیاری از پروژه‌های ساختمانی راکد بمانند.

The economic recession has caused many construction projects to remain stagnant.

Cause and effect structure with 'bā'es shodan'.

دولت برای فعال کردن سرمایه‌های راکد، مالیات‌های جدیدی وضع کرد.

The government imposed new taxes to activate stagnant capitals.

Infinitive 'barāye fa'āl kardan' (to activate).

ذهن راکد و بدون مطالعه، به تدریج قدرت خلاقیت خود را از دست می‌دهد.

A stagnant mind without reading gradually loses its creative power.

Compound subject with adjectives.

در غیاب رقابت، بازار به سمتی راکد و غیرپویا حرکت می‌کند.

In the absence of competition, the market moves towards a stagnant and non-dynamic state.

Prepositional phrase 'be samti' (towards a direction).

بوی ناخوشایندی از آب‌های راکد پشت سد به مشام می‌رسید.

An unpleasant smell was coming from the stagnant waters behind the dam.

Passive-like construction 'be mashām residan'.

بسیاری از استعدادهای جوان در این سیستم اداری راکد تلف می‌شوند.

Many young talents are wasted in this stagnant administrative system.

Passive verb 'talaf mishavand'.

او معتقد است که هنر نباید در قالب‌های قدیمی راکد بماند.

He believes that art should not remain stagnant in old forms.

Complex belief sentence with 'mo'taqed ast'.

تحریم‌ها منجر به راکد شدن بسیاری از مبادلات بین‌المللی شده‌اند.

Sanctions have led to the stagnation of many international exchanges.

Gerund-like 'raked shodan' (becoming stagnant).

نویسنده در کتاب خود، جامعه‌ای را به تصویر می‌کشد که در افکار سنتی خود راکد مانده است.

In his book, the author depicts a society that has remained stagnant in its traditional thoughts.

Relative clause 'ke... rāked mānde ast'.

برای رهایی از این وضعیت راکد، نیازمند یک تحول بنیادین در ساختارهای اقتصادی هستیم.

To escape this stagnant situation, we need a fundamental transformation in economic structures.

Formal 'niyāzmand... hastim' construction.

جریان‌های فکری اگر با نقد همراه نباشند، به زودی راکد و بی‌روح می‌شوند.

Intellectual currents, if not accompanied by criticism, soon become stagnant and soulless.

Conditional 'agar... nabāshand' with plural subject.

انباشت ثروت به صورت راکد، مانع از گردش سالم خون در رگ‌های اقتصاد می‌شود.

Accumulation of wealth in a stagnant form prevents the healthy circulation of blood in the veins of the economy.

Sophisticated metaphor usage.

او در اشعارش، تالاب‌های راکد را نمادی از ناامیدی و ایستایی می‌داند.

In his poems, he considers stagnant lagoons a symbol of despair and stasis.

Verb 'dānestan' used as 'to consider/regard'.

عدم نوآوری در صنایع داخلی، آن‌ها را در بازارهای جهانی راکد و منزوی کرده است.

Lack of innovation in domestic industries has made them stagnant and isolated in global markets.

Double adjective 'rāked va monzavi'.

او با نگاهی فلسفی، سکون راکد را پیش‌درآمدی بر زوال و نابودی توصیف کرد.

With a philosophical gaze, he described stagnant stillness as a prelude to decline and destruction.

Adverbial phrase 'bā negāhi falasafi'.

سیاست‌های انقباضی ممکن است در کوتاه‌مدت مفید باشند، اما خطر راکد کردن بازار را دارند.

Contractionary policies may be useful in the short term, but they carry the risk of stagnating the market.

Gerund 'raked kardan' as an object of 'khatar'.

ایستایی اندیشه در بوته‌ی جزم‌اندیشی، ذهن را به برکه‌ای راکد و متعفن بدل می‌سازد.

The stasis of thought in the crucible of dogmatism turns the mind into a stagnant and fetid pond.

Highly literary 'badal misāzad' (turns into).

در این برهه‌ی حساس، هرگونه تعلل می‌تواند منجر به راکد ماندن چرخ‌دنده‌های حیاتی دیپلماسی شود.

At this sensitive juncture, any procrastination could lead to the vital gears of diplomacy remaining stagnant.

Complex noun phrase 'charkh-dande-hā-ye hayāti-ye diplomāsi'.

منتقدان بر این باورند که ادبیات معاصر در ورطه‌ی تکرار راکد مانده و از پویایی تهی گشته است.

Critics believe that contemporary literature has remained stagnant in the abyss of repetition and has become void of dynamism.

Archaic/Literary 'tohi gashte ast' (has become empty).

تجمیع قدرت در دستان اقلیتی خاص، فضایی راکد و خفقان‌آور را بر جامعه حاکم کرده است.

The consolidation of power in the hands of a specific minority has imposed a stagnant and suffocating atmosphere on society.

Verb 'hākem kardan' (to make dominant/impose).

وی با کلامی نغز، تفاوت میان آرامشِ پویا و سکونِ راکد را تبیین نمود.

With eloquent speech, he explained the difference between dynamic peace and stagnant stillness.

Formal 'tabyin namud' (explained/clarified).

اقتصاد تک‌محصولی همواره در معرض خطر راکد شدن در پی نوسانات قیمت‌های جهانی قرار دارد.

A single-product economy is always at risk of becoming stagnant following global price fluctuations.

Complex prepositional structure 'dar ma'raz-e... gharār dārad'.

او معتقد است که سنت اگر بازتعریف نشود، به بستری راکد برای رشد خرافات بدل خواهد شد.

He believes that tradition, if not redefined, will turn into a stagnant bed for the growth of superstitions.

Future tense 'badal khāhad shod'.

در ژرفای این سکوت راکد، غوغایی از پرسش‌های بی‌پاسخ نهفته بود.

In the depths of this stagnant silence, a clamor of unanswered questions was hidden.

Literary 'nahofte bud' (was hidden/latent).

常见搭配

آب راکد

بازار راکد

سرمایه راکد

هوای راکد

حساب راکد

ذهن راکد

وضعیت راکد

پروژه راکد

محیط راکد

چرخه‌ی راکد

常用短语

بازار راکد است

— The market is slow or stagnant. Used by business owners.

این روزها بازار خیلی راکد است.

آب‌های راکد

— Stagnant waters. Often used in biology or environment.

آب‌های راکد خطرناک هستند.

سرمایه‌ی راکد

— Idle capital. Money that is not being invested.

او سرمایه‌ی راکد زیادی دارد.

راکد ماندن

— To remain stagnant. Used for projects or situations.

پرونده در دادگاه راکد ماند.

راکد شدن

— To become stagnant. Describes a process of slowing down.

اقتصاد کشور راکد شده است.

حساب بانکی راکد

— Dormant bank account. An account with no transactions.

او یک حساب بانکی راکد داشت.

خروج از وضعیت راکد

— Exiting a stagnant state. Used in planning.

ما به دنبال راهی برای خروج از وضعیت راکد هستیم.

انبار راکد

— Dead stock/stagnant inventory. Items not selling.

انبار شرکت پر از کالاهای راکد است.

ذهنیت راکد

— Stagnant mindset. Refers to a lack of new ideas.

او با ذهنیت راکد خود پیشرفت نمی‌کند.

راکد کردن بازار

— To stagnate the market. Often used for bad policies.

این قوانین بازار را راکد کرده است.

容易混淆的词

راکد vs راکت (Rāket)

Means a rocket or a tennis racket. Only differs by the last letter (t vs d).

راکد vs ساکن (Sāken)

Means still or resident. Raked is more negative and implies lack of flow.

راکد vs ساکت (Sāket)

Means quiet or silent. Raked is about movement, not sound.

习语与表达

"آب راکد گندیده می‌شود"

— Stagnant water rots. Used to say that if you don't move or change, you will decline.

باید حرکت کنی، چون آب راکد گندیده می‌شود.

Proverbial

"مثل مرداب راکد"

— Like a stagnant swamp. Describing a boring or decaying place.

این شهر مثل مرداب راکد است.

Literary

"در جا زدن"

— To march in place. While not using the word 'raked', it is the idiomatic way to describe being in a 'raked' state.

او سال‌هاست که در کارش در جا می‌زند.

Informal

"خاک خوردن سرمایه"

— Capital eating dust. Refers to 'stagnant capital' that is not being used.

پول‌هایت دارد در بانک خاک می‌خورد.

Informal

"بازار خوابیده"

— The market is asleep. Idiomatic for a 'raked' market.

دم عید است ولی بازار خوابیده.

Informal

"طلای راکد"

— Stagnant gold. Refers to gold jewelry kept as investment but not used.

بسیاری از خانم‌ها طلای راکد دارند.

Neutral

"راکد ماندن چرخ اقتصاد"

— The wheels of the economy remaining stagnant.

تحریم‌ها باعث راکد ماندن چرخ اقتصاد شد.

Journalistic

"مردابِ اندیشه"

— Swamp of thought. A metaphor for a stagnant mind.

او در مرداب اندیشه‌های قدیمی‌اش غرق شده.

Literary

"سکونِ مرگبار"

— Deadly stillness. Often used interchangeably with extreme stagnation.

سکون مرگباری بر بازار حاکم است.

Journalistic

"راکد کردن خون در رگ‌ها"

— To make the blood stagnant in the veins. Metaphor for stopping progress.

ترس، خون را در رگ‌هایش راکد کرد.

Literary

容易混淆

راکد vs ساکن

Both mean 'still'.

Sāken is neutral (water in a glass); Raked is often negative (stagnant pond). Sāken also means 'resident'.

او ساکن تهران است (He is a resident of Tehran). آب راکد است (The water is stagnant).

راکد vs کساد

Both describe a slow market.

Kasād is only for business/trade. Raked can be for water, air, and economics.

بازار کساد است (Business is dull). آب راکد است (The water is stagnant).

راکد vs ایستا

Both mean 'not moving'.

Istā is more technical/scientific (static). Raked is more about a lack of flow in systems or liquids.

الکتریسیته ایستا (Static electricity). اقتصاد راکد (Stagnant economy).

راکد vs ثابت

Both mean 'not changing'.

Sābet means fixed or constant. Raked means stuck or sluggish.

قیمت ثابت (Fixed price). بازار راکد (Stagnant market).

راکد vs متوقف

Both mean 'stopped'.

Motevaqef is a complete halt (like a car). Raked is a lack of circulation or slow progress.

ماشین متوقف شد (The car stopped). پروژه راکد ماند (The project remained stagnant).

句型

Noun + راکد + است

هوا راکد است.

Noun + راکد + شده است

بازار راکد شده است.

به دلیل + Noun + راکد

به دلیل بازار راکد، او مغازه را بست.

Noun + راکد + ماندن

پروژه راکد ماند.

سرمایه‌های راکد را + Verb

سرمایه‌های راکد را فعال کنید.

خروج از + وضعیت راکد

ما باید از وضعیت راکد خارج شویم.

راکد بودنِ + Noun

راکد بودنِ اندیشه خطرناک است.

در ورطه‌ی + Noun + راکد

در ورطه‌ی تکرار راکد ماندن.

词族

名词

رکود (rokud - recession/stagnation)

راکدسازی (rakedsāzi - the act of making stagnant/freezing)

动词

راکد شدن (raked shodan - to become stagnant)

راکد ماندن (raked māndan - to remain stagnant)

راکد کردن (raked kardan - to make stagnant/to freeze)

形容词

راکد (raked - stagnant)

رکودزده (rokudzade - recession-hit)

如何使用

frequency

High in news, medium in daily life, low in casual slang.

常见错误

Using 'raked' for a quiet room. → sāket
'Raked' is about movement/flow, not sound. A room can be silent but the air can be stagnant, but usually you want to say the room is quiet.
Pronouncing it 'raket'. → rāked
'Raket' means a rocket or a tennis racket. The 'd' sound at the end is essential for the meaning 'stagnant'.
Using 'raked' to describe a person sitting still. → bi-harekat
'Raked' is for systems, liquids, or life progress, not for a person's physical posture at a specific moment.
Confusing 'raked' with 'sāken' for residents. → sāken
If you want to say someone lives in a city, use 'sāken'. 'Raked' would imply they are a stagnant person, which is an insult.
Saying 'āb-e raked' for a glass of drinking water. → āb
Drinking water in a glass is 'sāken' (still). 'Raked' implies it has been sitting there so long it might be bad.

小贴士

Learn the Noun Form

Always learn 'rokud' (recession) along with 'raked'. They appear together in almost every economic news story.

Water vs. Economy

Remember that while it means 'stagnant' for water, in 90% of modern Persian conversations, it's about money and markets.

Ezafe is Key

Don't forget the 'e' sound: 'āb-E rāked', 'bāzār-E rāked'. Without it, the sentence won't flow correctly.

Sound Professional

Using 'raked' instead of 'khābide' (sleeping) in a meeting makes you sound much more educated and professional.

Voice the D

Make sure the final 'd' is clear. If you say 'raket', people might think you are talking about tennis!

Use with 'Māndan'

The verb 'māndan' (to remain) is the best friend of 'raked'. Use it to describe things that have been stuck for a while.

Metaphorical Use

In literature, use 'raked' to describe a society that refuses to change or progress.

Contrast with 'Jāri'

To emphasize stagnation, contrast it with 'jāri' (flowing). Example: 'Life should be flowing, not stagnant'.

Raked vs. Kasād

Use 'kasād' for a shop with no customers, and 'raked' for a whole industry that is slow.

The 'Rock' Mnemonic

Visualizing a rock blocking a stream is the easiest way to never forget 'raked'.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of a **Rock** in a **Dam**. A **Rock** in a **Dam** makes the water **Raked** (راکد). It stops the flow and makes everything still.

视觉联想

Imagine a green, still pond with a 'Closed' sign on it. The water is 'Raked'. Now imagine a bazaar where all the shopkeepers are sleeping. The market is 'Raked'.

Word Web

آب (Water) بازار (Market) اقتصاد (Economy) سرمایه (Capital) سکون (Stillness) رکود (Recession) مرداب (Swamp) جاری (Flowing - Opposite)

挑战

Try to find a news article in Persian today that mentions 'bāzār' and see if 'raked' is used near it. Use 'raked' to describe your bank account if you haven't used it lately!

词源

The word 'راکد' is an Arabic loanword (Active Participle) from the root R-K-D (ر ک د). In Arabic, this root relates to being still, quiet, or calm.

原始含义： Originally it described the state of water or wind that has ceased to move.

Semitic (Arabic) origin, integrated into Indo-European (Persian).

文化背景

No specific sensitivities, but avoid using it to describe a person's physical handicap; use 'na-tavān' or 'ma'lul' instead.

English speakers might use 'stagnant' more for water or 'sluggish' for the economy. Persian uses 'raked' for both, making it a very versatile 'all-in-one' word.

Economic headlines in 'Donya-e-Eqtesad' newspaper. Environmental warnings about the 'Anzali Lagoon' being stagnant. Modern Persian poetry discussing the 'stagnation' of society.

在生活中练习

真实语境

At a Bank

حساب راکد من
فعال کردن حساب
سرمایه راکد
سود سپرده

Real Estate Office

بازار مسکن راکد است
خرید و فروش نیست
قیمت‌های راکد
رکود در ساخت و ساز

Environmental Discussion

آب‌های راکد
آلودگی آب
بوی بد
پشه‌های مرداب

Office/Project Meeting

پروژه راکد مانده
نیاز به حرکت
توقف فعالیت‌ها
خروج از بن‌بست

Watching the News

رکود اقتصادی
بازار خودرو راکد است
سیاست‌های راکد
کاهش معاملات

对话开场白

"به نظر شما چرا بازار مسکن اینقدر راکد شده؟"

"آیا فکر می‌کنید سرمایه‌ی راکد در بانک بهتر از طلاست؟"

"چطور می‌توانیم از یک زندگی راکد و تکراری خلاص شویم؟"

"آیا در نزدیکی خانه‌ی شما برکه یا آب راکدی وجود دارد؟"

"چرا پروژه‌های دولتی معمولاً برای سال‌ها راکد می‌مانند؟"

日记主题

درباره زمانی بنویسید که احساس کردید زندگی‌تان راکد شده است. چه کردید؟

اگر شما مسئول اقتصاد بودید، برای حرکت دادن سرمایه‌های راکد چه می‌کردید؟

تفاوت بین آرامش و راکد بودن را از نظر خودتان توضیح دهید.

توصیف کنید که یک بازار راکد چه شکلی است و چه احساسی به آدم می‌دهد.

چرا آب راکد در ادبیات معمولاً نماد چیزهای منفی است؟

常见问题

10 个问题

No, 'raked' is not used for people in terms of noise. Use 'sāket' for a quiet person. You can only use 'raked' for a person's life or progress, e.g., 'zendegi-ye rāked' (a stagnant life).

Usually, yes. It implies that something that should be moving or circulating has stopped, leading to problems like bad smells in water or loss of money in a market.

'Raked' is the adjective (stagnant), while 'rokud' is the noun (stagnation/recession). You say 'bāzār rāked ast' but 'dar bāzār rokud hast'.

It is better to use 'sangin' (heavy) or 'motevaqef' (stopped) for traffic. 'Raked' is more for the flow of money or water than cars on a road.

Yes, it originates from Arabic but is fully integrated into Persian with its own specific nuances in modern usage.

The standard term is 'hesāb-e rāked' (حساب راکد). Banks use this for accounts with no activity.

Yes, 'havā-ye rāked' means still, stagnant air, often used when discussing pollution or a stuffy room.

The opposite is 'por-ronaq' (prosperous/active) or 'puya' (dynamic).

No, it doesn't mean something is broken. It just means it's not moving. A stagnant market still exists, it's just not active.

It is pronounced 'rā-ked'. The 'ā' is long like in 'father' and the 'e' is short like in 'bed'.

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