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माफ़ कीजिये

A1 interjection #2,000 最常用 6分钟阅读

माफ़ कीजिये

Used to apologize, ask for pardon, or get someone's attention.

maaf kijiye 前2,000

At the A1 level, 'Māf kījiyē' is taught as a fixed phrase. Learners should use it as a polite way to say 'Sorry' or 'Excuse me'. It is one of the first 50 words a student learns to navigate basic social interactions. At this stage, you don't need to worry about the grammar of 'kījiyē'; just remember it as a single unit of politeness. Use it when you bump into someone or when you want to ask for the time. It is the 'magic word' that makes people more willing to help a beginner speaker.

At A2, you begin to understand that 'Māf kījiyē' is the formal version of 'Māf karo'. You start using it to lead into questions, such as 'Māf kījiyē, kya aap meri madad kar sakte hain?' (Excuse me, can you help me?). You also learn to use it when you don't understand something in class. It becomes a tool for 'repairing' conversations when you make a grammatical error. You understand the difference between using this and the English 'Sorry' in a Hindi-speaking environment.

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By B1, you use 'Māf kījiyē' to manage more complex social situations, such as apologizing for being late to a meeting or declining an invitation politely. You understand the nuances of tone—how a rising intonation turns it into 'Pardon?'. You also start to see it in written form in semi-formal emails. You can now combine it with other phrases like 'Māf kījiyē, mujhe samajh nahi aaya' (I'm sorry, I didn't understand) to keep a conversation flowing even when your vocabulary is tested.

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At the B2 level, you use 'Māf kījiyē' with a sense of social register. You know exactly when to use it versus 'Kshama kījiyē' or 'Māfi chahta hoon'. You might use it to interrupt a speaker in a discussion politely: 'Māf kījiyē, main kuch kehna chahta hoon' (Excuse me, I want to say something). You understand its role in 'politeness theory' within Indian culture—how it minimizes the imposition on the listener. You can also use it sarcastically or firmly if the situation demands, though that is rare.

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At C1, 'Māf kījiyē' is used with full mastery of its pragmatic functions. You can use it to navigate high-stakes professional environments or delicate social friction. You understand the etymological roots and how the 'f' sound (nuqta) marks a certain level of education or regional background. You can use the phrase to soften a critique or to introduce a dissenting opinion in a way that remains culturally appropriate. You also recognize it in classical Bollywood cinema and literature, understanding the emotional weight it carries in those contexts.

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At the C2 level, you have a near-native grasp of the phrase's socio-linguistic power. You can distinguish between the hundreds of ways 'Māf kījiyē' can be uttered—from a quick, perfunctory 'excuse me' in a crowd to a deeply resonant, humble plea for forgiveness. You might even play with the phrase in creative writing or poetry, contrasting its common usage with its literal meaning of 'granting pardon'. You understand the philosophical implications of 'Māf' (forgiveness) in the broader context of Indian and Sufi thought.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

माफ़ कीजिये 30秒了解

Formal Hindi for 'Excuse me' or 'I'm sorry'.
Essential for polite social interaction in India.
Used to apologize for mistakes or get attention.
Always respectful; safe for use with anyone.

The phrase माफ़ कीजिये (Māf kījiyē) is one of the most essential social lubricants in the Hindi language. At its core, it is a polite interjection used to seek forgiveness, express regret, or politely interrupt someone. It is composed of two parts: Māf (an Urdu/Arabic loanword meaning 'forgiveness' or 'pardon') and kījiyē (the formal/honorific imperative form of the verb karnā, meaning 'to do'). Together, they literally translate to 'Please do forgiveness' or 'Please forgive me.'

Linguistic Origin: Rooted in Persian-influenced Urdu, it has become standard in modern Hindi, especially in urban and formal settings.

"माफ़ कीजिये, क्या मैं यहाँ बैठ सकता हूँ?" (Excuse me, may I sit here?)

In a cultural context, Hindi speakers place a high value on hierarchy and politeness. Using the 'kījiyē' ending signifies respect toward the listener, making it suitable for strangers, elders, or professional superiors. It serves a dual purpose: as an apology for a mistake (like bumping into someone) and as a polite way to get attention (like 'Excuse me' in English). Unlike the English 'Sorry', which can sometimes feel casual, 'Māf kījiyē' carries a weight of formal acknowledgement.

Grammatical Function: It functions as an imperative interjection. It does not change based on the gender of the speaker, but it is strictly formal.

"माफ़ कीजिये, मुझे देर हो गई।" (I am sorry, I am late.)

In modern India, you might also hear the English word 'Sorry' used frequently. However, 'Māf kījiyē' remains the gold standard for formal communication and is deeply appreciated by native speakers as it shows a commitment to the local linguistic etiquette. It bridges the gap between a simple 'pardon' and a sincere 'apology'.

"माफ़ कीजिये, क्या आप फिर से कह सकते हैं?" (Pardon me, could you say that again?)

Using माफ़ कीजिये correctly depends on the social situation. It is primarily used in three scenarios: apologizing for a minor error, asking for a favor/attention, and expressing inability to do something. Because Hindi is a register-heavy language, the choice of 'kījiyē' (formal) versus 'karo' (informal) is crucial.

Scenario 1: The Apology: When you make a mistake, such as stepping on someone's foot or forgetting a name. Example: "Oh! Māf kījiyē!"

"माफ़ कीजिये, यह मेरी गलती है।" (Forgive me, this is my mistake.)

Scenario 2: The Attention Grabber. If you are in a crowded market or a restaurant and need to speak to someone, start with 'Māf kījiyē'. It is much more polite than 'Suniye' (Listen) which can sometimes sound abrupt.

"माफ़ कीजिये, स्टेशन कहाँ है?" (Excuse me, where is the station?)

Scenario 3: Declining: When you cannot help someone or must say 'no' to an invitation. Example: "Māf kījiyē, main nahi aa sakta."

"माफ़ कीजिये, मैं आपकी मदद नहीं कर सकता।" (I'm sorry, I cannot help you.)

In writing, this phrase is used in formal emails and letters. It is often placed at the beginning of a sentence when introducing bad news or at the end when asking for a pardon for a delay in response. It maintains a professional distance while showing empathy.

You will encounter माफ़ कीजिये in almost every facet of public life in India. From the bustling streets of Delhi to formal corporate offices in Mumbai, it is the universal 'get out of jail free' card for social awkwardness.

In Public Transport: In the Metro or a bus, if you need to pass through a crowd, you'll hear people saying it rapidly to clear a path.

"माफ़ कीजिये, मुझे उतरना है।" (Excuse me, I need to get off.)

In Bollywood movies, this phrase is often used dramatically during emotional reconciliations or politely in romantic 'meet-cute' scenes where the hero bumps into the heroine. It signals a character's good upbringing (sanskaar).

"माफ़ कीजिये, क्या आप मुझे जानते हैं?" (Excuse me, do you know me?)

In customer service, when a call center agent or a shopkeeper cannot fulfill a request, they will use this phrase to soften the blow. It is also common in news broadcasts when a presenter makes a slip of the tongue.

Even though it is a simple phrase, learners often make subtle mistakes that can change the tone of the conversation. The most common error is related to the level of formality.

Mistake 1: Wrong Register: Using 'Māf karo' (informal) with an elder or a boss. This can sound rude or dismissive, as if you are ordering them to forgive you.

Incorrect: "अरे भाई, माफ़ करो!" (to a stranger) - Correct: "माफ़ कीजिये।"

Mistake 2: Pronunciation. The 'f' in 'Māf' is a 'ph' sound in some dialects (Māph), but in standard Hindi/Urdu, it is a soft 'f'. Pronouncing it as a hard 'P' or 'Ph' can sound non-native, though it is widely understood.

Mistake 3: Over-apologizing: Using 'Māf kījiyē' for deep, emotional grievances where 'Mujhe kshama kar dein' or a more heartfelt explanation is required.

Another mistake is using it as a question without the right intonation. If you say 'Māf kījiyē?' with a rising tone, it means 'Pardon? (I didn't hear you)'. If you say it with a flat tone, it's just an apology. Learners often mix these up, leading to confusion about whether they are apologizing or asking for a repeat.

Hindi has several ways to say 'sorry' or 'excuse me', each with a slightly different nuance. Understanding these can help you choose the right word for the right moment.

क्षमा कीजिये (Kshama kījiyē): This is the Sanskrit-derived version. It is very formal and often used in literature, official speeches, or when seeking forgiveness for a significant moral failing.

Comparison: माफ़ कीजिये is everyday polite; क्षमा कीजिये is deeply formal.

Another common alternative is 'Sorry' (सॉरी). In urban India, 'Sorry' is used for almost everything—from bumping into someone to making a mistake at work. However, 'Māf kījiyē' sounds more sincere and traditional.

सुनिए (Suniye): Means 'Listen'. It is used to get attention but lacks the apologetic tone of 'Māf kījiyē'. Use 'Māf kījiyē' if you are interrupting someone; use 'Suniye' if you are just calling out.

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按水平分级的例句

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या समय हुआ है?

Excuse me, what time is it?

Basic 'Excuse me' usage.

माफ़ कीजिये, मुझे नहीं पता।

I'm sorry, I don't know.

Used to soften a negative answer.

ओह! माफ़ कीजिये!

Oh! I'm sorry!

Exclamatory apology.

माफ़ कीजिये, पानी कहाँ है?

Excuse me, where is the water?

Used to get attention.

माफ़ कीजिये, नमस्ते।

Excuse me, hello.

Polite greeting starter.

माफ़ कीजिये, यह क्या है?

Excuse me, what is this?

Inquiry starter.

माफ़ कीजिये, एक मिनट।

Excuse me, one minute.

Asking for a brief pause.

माफ़ कीजिये, फिर से बोलिए।

I'm sorry, please say it again.

Asking for repetition.

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या आप मेरी मदद कर सकते हैं?

Excuse me, can you help me?

Polite request.

माफ़ कीजिये, मुझे हिंदी नहीं आती।

I'm sorry, I don't know Hindi.

Admitting a limitation.

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या यह बस दिल्ली जाती है?

Excuse me, does this bus go to Delhi?

Specific inquiry.

माफ़ कीजिये, मुझे देरी हो गई।

I'm sorry, I am late.

Apologizing for lateness.

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या मैं यहाँ बैठ सकता हूँ?

Excuse me, can I sit here?

Asking for permission.

माफ़ कीजिये, आपका नाम क्या है?

Excuse me, what is your name?

Polite questioning.

माफ़ कीजिये, मुझे जाना है।

I'm sorry, I have to go.

Polite exit.

माफ़ कीजिये, यह पेन आपका है?

Excuse me, is this pen yours?

Returning an item.

माफ़ कीजिये, मैं कल नहीं आ पाऊंगा।

I'm sorry, I won't be able to come tomorrow.

Future negative with apology.

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या आप थोड़ा धीरे बोल सकते हैं?

Excuse me, could you speak a bit slower?

Requesting adjustment.

माफ़ कीजिये, मैंने आपको पहचाना नहीं।

I'm sorry, I didn't recognize you.

Social apology.

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या यहाँ धूम्रपान मना है?

Excuse me, is smoking prohibited here?

Asking about rules.

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या आप मुझे रास्ता दिखा सकते हैं?

Excuse me, could you show me the way?

Asking for directions.

माफ़ कीजिये, मुझे लगा कि आप राहुल हैं।

I'm sorry, I thought you were Rahul.

Explaining a mistake.

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या मैं आपका फ़ोन इस्तेमाल कर सकता हूँ?

Excuse me, may I use your phone?

Formal request.

माफ़ कीजिये, मुझे आपकी बात समझ नहीं आई।

I'm sorry, I didn't understand what you said.

Clarification request.

माफ़ कीजिये, पर मैं आपकी इस बात से सहमत नहीं हूँ।

I'm sorry, but I don't agree with you on this.

Polite disagreement.

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या मैं बीच में कुछ कह सकता हूँ?

Excuse me, may I say something in between?

Polite interruption.

माफ़ कीजिये, मुझे इस बारे में कोई जानकारी नहीं है।

I'm sorry, I have no information regarding this.

Formal admission of ignorance.

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या आपने मेरी ईमेल पढ़ी?

Excuse me, did you read my email?

Following up.

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या आप कृपया दरवाज़ा बंद कर देंगे?

Excuse me, would you please close the door?

Polite command.

माफ़ कीजिये, मुझे लगा कि मीटिंग 10 बजे थी।

I'm sorry, I thought the meeting was at 10.

Explaining a misunderstanding.

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या आप इस शब्द का अर्थ बता सकते हैं?

Excuse me, could you explain the meaning of this word?

Academic inquiry.

माफ़ कीजिये, मुझे आपकी सहायता की आवश्यकता है।

Excuse me, I need your assistance.

High-register request.

माफ़ कीजिये, मेरा इरादा आपको ठेस पहुँचाना नहीं था।

I'm sorry, it wasn't my intention to hurt you.

Apologizing for intent.

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या आप अपनी बात को थोड़ा और स्पष्ट कर सकते हैं?

Excuse me, could you clarify your point a bit more?

Nuanced clarification.

माफ़ कीजिये, पर यह तर्क मुझे थोड़ा कमज़ोर लग रहा है।

I'm sorry, but this argument seems a bit weak to me.

Polite critique.

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या मैं इस चर्चा में एक और पहलू जोड़ सकता हूँ?

Excuse me, may I add another perspective to this discussion?

Sophisticated contribution.

माफ़ कीजिये, मुझे आपकी व्यस्तता का अंदाज़ा नहीं था।

I'm sorry, I didn't realize how busy you were.

Acknowledging social context.

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या यह संभव है कि हम इस विषय पर कल बात करें?

Excuse me, is it possible for us to talk about this tomorrow?

Formal proposal.

माफ़ कीजिये, मेरी वजह से आपको असुविधा हुई।

I'm sorry, you were inconvenienced because of me.

Formal regret.

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या आप मुझे इस दस्तावेज़ की एक प्रति दे सकते हैं?

Excuse me, could you give me a copy of this document?

Administrative request.

माफ़ कीजिये, मानवीय त्रुटि के कारण यह विसंगति उत्पन्न हुई है।

I'm sorry, this discrepancy has arisen due to human error.

Extremely formal/technical.

माफ़ कीजिये, पर आपकी व्याख्या वास्तविकता से परे प्रतीत होती है।

I'm sorry, but your interpretation seems beyond reality.

Sophisticated dismissal.

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या हम इस विमर्श को एक तार्किक परिणति तक ले जा सकते हैं?

Excuse me, can we take this discourse to a logical conclusion?

High-level abstract thought.

माफ़ कीजिये, यदि मेरे शब्दों ने आपकी भावनाओं को आहत किया हो।

I'm sorry if my words have hurt your feelings.

Conditional formal apology.

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या आप इस गूढ़ विषय पर प्रकाश डालना चाहेंगे?

Excuse me, would you like to shed light on this profound subject?

Elegant invitation.

माफ़ कीजिये, पर यह निर्णय सर्वथा अनुचित जान पड़ता है।

I'm sorry, but this decision seems entirely inappropriate.

Formal dissent.

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या मैं आपके बहुमूल्य समय का कुछ क्षण ले सकता हूँ?

Excuse me, may I take a few moments of your valuable time?

Honorific request.

माफ़ कीजिये, मेरी अल्पज्ञता के कारण मैं आपकी बात समझ नहीं सका।

I'm sorry, I couldn't understand you due to my limited knowledge.

Highly literary.

常见搭配

माफ़ कीजिये सर

माफ़ कीजिये मैडम

मुझे माफ़ कीजिये

हज़ार बार माफ़ कीजिये

माफ़ कीजिये देरी के लिए

माफ़ कीजिये गलती के लिए

कृपया माफ़ कीजिये

सदा माफ़ कीजिये

जल्दी माफ़ कीजिये

दिल से माफ़ कीजिये

常用短语

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या आप...

माफ़ कीजिये, मुझे जाना है

माफ़ कीजिये, एक सवाल है

माफ़ कीजिये, मैं भूल गया

माफ़ कीजिये, यह गलत है

माफ़ कीजिये, सुनिए

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या यह आपका है?

माफ़ कीजिये, मुझे समझ नहीं आया

माफ़ कीजिये, फिर से कहिये

माफ़ कीजिये, क्या मैं बैठ सकता हूँ?

容易混淆的词

माफ़ कीजिये vs माप (Measure)

माफ़ कीजिये vs साफ़ (Clean)

माफ़ कीजिये vs माफ़ करो (Informal)

习语与表达

"माफ़ कीजिये और भूल जाइये"

Forgive and forget.

"माफ़ कीजिये, मेरी ज़ुबान फिसल गई"

Sorry, it was a slip of the tongue.

"माफ़ कीजिये, मैं आपकी बातों में आ गया"

Sorry, I got carried away by your words.

"माफ़ कीजिये, पर यह मेरी समझ से बाहर है"

Sorry, but this is beyond my understanding.

"माफ़ कीजिये, मैंने आपको कष्ट दिया"

Sorry, I caused you trouble.

"माफ़ कीजिये, मैं मजबूर हूँ"

Sorry, my hands are tied.

"माफ़ कीजिये, यह मेरे बस में नहीं है"

Sorry, this is not in my control.

"माफ़ कीजिये, मैं आपकी उम्मीदों पर खरा नहीं उतरा"

Sorry, I didn't live up to your expectations.

"माफ़ कीजिये, बात बढ़ गई"

Sorry, the matter escalated.

"माफ़ कीजिये, मैं अपनी बात वापस लेता हूँ"

Sorry, I take my words back.

容易混淆

माफ़ कीजिये vs माप

माफ़ कीजिये vs साफ़

माफ़ कीजिये vs भाप

माफ़ कीजिये vs छाप

माफ़ कीजिये vs काफ़

句型

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如何使用

nuance

While 'Sorry' is common, 'Māf kījiyē' is more 'Hindi' and shows better effort.

frequency

Very high in daily life.

常见错误

Using 'Māf karo' with a teacher.
Pronouncing it as 'Maap'.
Using it for 'Thank you' (common confusion for absolute beginners).
Forgetting the 'kījiyē' in formal settings.
Using it too aggressively.

小贴士

Politeness

Always use it when interrupting someone.

Imperative

The '-iye' ending is for the 'Aap' register.

Tone

A soft tone makes the apology sound more sincere.

Synonym

Learn 'Kshama' for reading formal literature.

Crowds

Use it to move through busy Indian markets.

Email

Start late replies with this phrase.

Movies

Watch how actors use it to show respect.

Spelling

Don't forget the dot under the 'f' (फ़).

Mnemonic

Muff = Māf.

Essentials

This is a top-5 phrase for any traveler.

记住它

词源

Arabic/Persian

文化背景

A slight bow or joining hands (Namaste) while saying it adds sincerity.

Lowering eyes slightly while apologizing is seen as humble.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"माफ़ कीजिये, क्या आप यहाँ रहते हैं?"

"माफ़ कीजिये, क्या यह सीट खाली है?"

"माफ़ कीजिये, क्या आप मेरी एक फोटो ले सकते हैं?"

"माफ़ कीजिये, क्या आपको पता है कि यह दुकान कब खुलती है?"

"माफ़ कीजिये, क्या मैं आपसे एक सवाल पूछ सकता हूँ?"

日记主题

आज आपने कितनी बार 'माफ़ कीजिये' कहा?

क्या आपको किसी से माफ़ी मांगनी है? क्यों?

जब कोई आपसे 'माफ़ कीजिये' कहता है, तो आपको कैसा लगता है?

एक ऐसी घटना लिखें जहाँ 'माफ़ कीजिये' ने स्थिति सुधार दी।

क्या 'माफ़ कीजिये' कहना मुश्किल है? अपने विचार लिखें।

常见问题

10 个问题

Yes, it is the formal version used with strangers and elders.

Yes, 'Sorry' is widely understood in India, but 'Māf kījiyē' is more polite.

The informal version is 'Māf karo'.

Yes, it is used exactly like 'Excuse me' to get attention.

You can say 'Koi baat nahi' (It's okay) or 'Theek hai' (It's fine).

Yes, it is very common in formal letters and emails.

'Māf' is common/Urdu-based; 'Kshama' is very formal/Sanskrit-based.

You can, but 'Māf karo' or 'Sorry' is more natural with friends.

No, 'Māf kījiyē' remains the same for everyone.

It should be an 'F' sound, but some people say it with a 'Ph' sound.

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