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A2 noun #7,500 最常用 8分钟阅读

दमा

dama 前7,500

开始练习例句笔记与提示 दमा 30秒了解

解析 दमा in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should recognize 'दमा' as a word for a health problem. You don't need to know the complex medical details, but you should be able to say 'I have asthma' or 'He has asthma' using basic sentence structures. Focus on the connection between the word and the concept of 'breathing' (सांस). At this stage, learners usually encounter the word when learning about body parts and common ailments. You might see it in a list of words like 'fever' (बुखार) and 'headache' (सिरदर्द). The most important thing is to remember that in Hindi, we say 'I have asthma' as 'मुझे दमा है' (To me, asthma is). This use of the 'को' postposition (hidden in 'मुझे' as 'मुझ + को') is a key A1 grammar point for health conditions.

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At the A2 level, you begin to use 'दमा' in more descriptive contexts. You should be able to describe simple symptoms or triggers, such as 'dust causes asthma' (धूल से दमा होता है). You should also become aware of the oblique case change: 'दमा' becomes 'दमे' when followed by a postposition. For example, 'दमे की दवा' (asthma medicine). You might use the word during a mock doctor's visit or when explaining why you cannot do certain physical activities. Understanding that 'दमा' is a masculine noun is crucial here so that your adjectives like 'पुराना' (old/chronic) match correctly. You are moving from just recognizing the word to using it in daily survival scenarios.

At the B1 level, you can discuss 'दमा' in the context of environmental issues and lifestyle. You should be able to understand news reports that mention 'दमे के मरीज़' (asthma patients) in relation to pollution levels. You can explain the impact of the disease on a person's life in more detail, using connectors like 'इसलिए' (therefore) and 'क्योंकि' (because). For example: 'उसे दमा है, इसलिए वह दौड़ नहीं सकता' (He has asthma, therefore he cannot run). You should also be comfortable with related terms like 'इनहेलर' (inhaler) and 'सांस फूलना' (breathlessness). Your vocabulary should expand to include common collocations like 'दमे का दौरा' (asthma attack).

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At the B2 level, you can engage in more technical or abstract discussions involving 'दमा'. You might read a health article about the causes of asthma—genetic vs. environmental—and be able to summarize it in Hindi. You should be able to use the word in formal settings, perhaps discussing public health policy or school safety measures. You can distinguish between 'दमा' and other respiratory conditions like 'ब्रोंकाइटिस' (bronchitis) or 'एलर्जी' (allergy). Your grammar should be precise, correctly handling complex sentences like 'यदि प्रदूषण कम नहीं हुआ, तो दमे के रोगियों की संख्या बढ़ जाएगी' (If pollution does not decrease, the number of asthma patients will increase).

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At the C1 level, you have a nuanced understanding of 'दमा' including its cultural connotations and literary usage. You can understand sophisticated medical advice or academic papers on the subject in Hindi. You should be able to discuss the socio-economic factors that contribute to the prevalence of 'दमा' in certain regions of India. You can use the word metaphorically or recognize it in classical Hindi literature where 'breath' (दम) and 'asthma' (दमा) might be used to reflect internal struggle or the oppressive nature of a situation. You can participate in a debate about air quality regulations using 'दमा' as a key point of reference for public health impact.

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At the C2 level, you possess a near-native command of the word 'दमा' and its entire linguistic field. You can effortlessly switch between colloquial terms like 'सांस की बीमारी' and highly technical terms like 'तमक श्वास' (Ayurvedic asthma). You understand the etymological roots from Persian and how the word has evolved in the Indian context. You can interpret subtle shades of meaning in complex texts, such as a poem that uses the imagery of 'दमा' to describe a gasping, dying city. You can provide expert-level explanations of the condition in Hindi, perhaps even translating medical documents or providing high-level interpretation in a medical setting with perfect accuracy and cultural sensitivity.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

दमा 30秒了解

दमा means Asthma, a chronic lung condition causing breathing difficulty.
It is a masculine noun in Hindi (e.g., मेरा दमा, दमे का दौरा).
Derived from the Persian word 'dam', meaning breath or air.
Commonly heard in medical contexts and discussions about air pollution.

The Hindi word दमा (Damā) is a masculine noun primarily used to describe the medical condition known in English as asthma. Linguistically, it is a loanword from Persian, where 'dam' refers to the breath or a moment. In the context of health, it describes a chronic condition where the airways narrow and swell, producing extra mucus, which makes breathing difficult. In Hindi-speaking societies, especially in urban centers like Delhi or Mumbai where air quality is a significant concern, 'दमा' is a word frequently heard in daily conversations, medical consultations, and news reports regarding environmental health.

Clinical Context: In a clinical setting, a doctor might ask, "क्या आपको बचपन से दमा है?" (Have you had asthma since childhood?). It refers specifically to the pathology of the lungs rather than a temporary cough.
Environmental Context: During the winter months in North India, smog levels rise, leading to a spike in 'दमे के मरीज़' (asthma patients). Here, the word is used to discuss public health crises.

बढ़ते प्रदूषण के कारण बच्चों में दमा की समस्या बढ़ रही है। (Due to increasing pollution, the problem of asthma is growing among children.)

Understanding 'दमा' requires an awareness of its weight. Unlike a common cold (ज़ुकाम) or a simple cough (खांसी), 'दमा' implies a long-term struggle. When someone says they have 'दमा', they are often indicating a need for specific accommodations, such as avoiding dust, smoke, or heavy physical exertion. It is also used metaphorically in older literature to describe a state of being breathless or suffocated, though its medical usage is far more common today.

उन्हें दमे का दौरा पड़ा। (He suffered an asthma attack.)

The word is often paired with the verb 'होना' (to be/to have). For example, 'उसे दमा है' (He has asthma). Note that the postposition 'को' is frequently used with the subject: 'राम को दमा है'. When the word is followed by a postposition like 'का', 'के', or 'की', it changes to 'दमे' due to the oblique case rules in Hindi grammar. This is a crucial distinction for learners to master to sound natural.

Social Sensitivity: While 'दमा' is a medical term, in some traditional circles, chronic illnesses were stigmatized. However, in modern Hindi, it is treated as a standard medical condition without negative social baggage.

क्या यह दमा की दवा है? (Is this the medicine for asthma?)

Using 'दमा' correctly involves understanding its grammatical gender and how it interacts with Hindi's case system. As a masculine noun, any adjectives or verbs associated with it must reflect this gender. For instance, 'पुराना दमा' (old/chronic asthma). However, most often, you will find 'दमा' as the object of a sentence describing a state of health.

Possession and Affliction: In Hindi, illnesses are often 'to' a person. You use the 'को' postposition. 'मुझको दमा है' (I have asthma). Avoid saying 'मैं दमा हूँ', which would mean 'I am asthma'.

मेरे दादाजी को चालीस साल से दमा है। (My grandfather has had asthma for forty years.)

When describing an 'asthma attack', the word 'दौरा' (attack/fit) is used. This construction is 'दमे का दौरा'. Notice the change from 'दमा' to 'दमे' because of the following 'का'. This is the oblique case. If you are describing an 'asthma patient', you say 'दमे का मरीज़'.

धूल से दमे की बीमारी और खराब हो जाती है। (Asthma gets worse due to dust.)

In formal writing, such as a medical report or a newspaper article, you might see 'दमा' used in more complex structures. For example, 'दमा नियंत्रण' (asthma control) or 'दमा जागरूकता' (asthma awareness). In these compound forms, the word usually stays in its direct form unless the entire compound is followed by a postposition.

Verb Pairings: Common verbs used with दमा include 'होना' (to have), 'बढ़ना' (to increase/worsen), and 'जांचना' (to test/diagnose).

डॉक्टर ने मेरे दमे की जांच की। (The doctor checked my asthma.)

The word 'दमा' is ubiquitous in India, appearing in diverse environments from the high-tech hospitals of Gurgaon to the small pharmacies in rural Bihar. Because respiratory issues are a major health concern in the subcontinent, the term is part of the common lexicon. You will hear it in public service announcements on the radio, especially during the 'Diwali' season when firecracker smoke triggers widespread breathing difficulties.

In the Pharmacy (Medical Store): You might hear a customer ask, "क्या आपके पास दमे का इनहेलर है?" (Do you have an asthma inhaler?). Pharmacies often have signs for 'दमे का इलाज' (Treatment for asthma).

रेडियो पर दमा के बचाव के विज्ञापन आते हैं। (Advertisements for asthma prevention appear on the radio.)

In households, 'दमा' is often discussed with concern for the elderly. Grandparents frequently struggle with 'पुरानी दमा' (chronic asthma), and family members will often remind them, "बाहर मत जाओ, तुम्हारा दमा बढ़ जाएगा" (Don't go outside, your asthma will worsen). This reflects the communal nature of health management in Indian families.

दिल्ली की हवा दमे के रोगियों के लिए खतरनाक है। (Delhi's air is dangerous for asthma patients.)

In literature and cinema, 'दमा' is sometimes used to evoke sympathy for a character or to highlight the harsh living conditions of the working class in industrial areas. It serves as a linguistic marker for physical vulnerability. When a character in a Bollywood film coughs persistently and reaches for a pump, the audience immediately identifies it as 'दमा'.

School Settings: Teachers and physical education instructors often ask if a child has 'दमा' before strenuous exercise to ensure safety. "क्या किसी बच्चे को दमा की शिकायत है?" (Does any child have a complaint of asthma?).

उसे बचपन से ही दमा की बीमारी थी। (He had asthma since childhood.)

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when using 'दमा' is treating it as a feminine noun. Because many Hindi words ending in 'ā' are masculine and many ending in 'ī' are feminine, learners sometimes get confused with related health terms like 'खांसी' (cough - feminine) or 'बीमारी' (illness - feminine). However, 'दमा' is resolutely masculine.

Gender Mismatch: Incorrect: 'मेरी दमा' (My asthma). Correct: 'मेरा दमा' (My asthma). The possessive pronoun must be masculine.

गलत: उसकी दमा बढ़ गई है। (Wrong: Her asthma has increased - using feminine verb).

Another common error is failing to use the oblique form 'दमे' when followed by a postposition. This is a subtle rule but essential for fluency. If you say 'दमा का दवा', it sounds jarring to a native speaker. It must be 'दमे की दवा'.

सही: दमे के मरीज़ को आराम चाहिए। (Correct: The asthma patient needs rest.)

Learners also often confuse 'दमा' with 'सांस फूलना' (getting out of breath). While 'दमा' is the chronic disease, 'सांस फूलना' is the symptom of being winded. You can have your 'सांस फूलना' after running a race without having 'दमा'. Using 'दमा' to describe temporary breathlessness is technically incorrect.

Confusion with 'Asthma' (English Loan): Many modern Indians use the English word 'Asthma' even while speaking Hindi. However, 'दमा' is the core Hindi word. Using 'Asthma' is fine in urban slang, but 'दमा' is necessary for proper Hindi usage.

क्या आपको दमा है या सिर्फ खांसी? (Do you have asthma or just a cough?)

While 'दमा' is the most common term for asthma, Hindi offers several other words depending on the level of formality and the specific medical context. Understanding these nuances helps in choosing the right word for the right situation, whether you are in a hospital or chatting with a friend.

श्वास रोग (Shvās Rog): This is a formal/Sanskritized term meaning 'respiratory disease'. It is broader than 'दमा' and includes bronchitis, pneumonia, and other lung issues. You see this on hospital signs.
अस्थमा (Asthma): The English loanword is very common in urban areas and among the younger generation. It is used interchangeably with 'दमा' in casual speech.

उसे श्वास रोग विशेषज्ञ के पास जाना चाहिए। (He should go to a respiratory disease specialist.)

In Ayurvedic medicine, which is very popular in India, you might encounter the term 'तमक श्वास' (Tamak Shvas). This is the specific Ayurvedic name for bronchial asthma. While not used in everyday conversation, it is essential if you are reading about traditional Indian medicine or visiting an Ayurvedic practitioner.

आयुर्वेद में तमक श्वास का उपचार संभव है। (Treatment for 'Tamak Shvas' is possible in Ayurveda.)

Lastly, there is 'सांस की बीमारी' (Sāns kī bīmārī), which literally translates to 'breathing illness'. This is the most colloquial and descriptive way to refer to asthma or any similar condition. It is often used by people who might not know the technical term 'दमा' or want to speak more simply.

तंगी (Tangī): While 'tangī' means 'tightness' or 'shortage', in the context of breathing ('saans ki tangi'), it describes the sensation of an asthma attack.

उसे सांस लेने में तंगी महसूस हो रही है। (He is feeling tightness in breathing.)

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The root word 'dam' is also found in the word 'Biryani' (Dum Biryani), where 'dum' refers to the technique of slow-cooking in steam (the 'breath' of the food). So, asthma and your favorite rice dish share a linguistic root!

发音指南

UK /d̪ə.mɑː/

US /d̪ə.mɑ/

The stress is slightly more on the second syllable (mā).

押韵词

क्षमा (Kshama - Forgiveness) जमा (Jama - Collected) समा (Sama - Atmosphere/Time) तमा (Tama - Darkness/Rare) रमा (Rama - Name/Engrossed) नमा (Nama - Bowed/Rare) हमा (Hama - All/Persian root) अमा (Ama - New moon prefix)

常见错误

Pronouncing the 'd' as a hard English 'd' (retroflex).
Making the first 'a' too long.
Making the final 'ā' too short.
Confusing it with 'dumm' (tail in some contexts, though spelled differently).
Pronouncing it as 'damaa' with equal stress on both syllables.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

The word is short and easy to recognize in text.

写作 3/5

Remembering the oblique case 'dame' and the masculine gender is key.

口语 3/5

Dental 'd' requires practice for native English speakers.

听力 2/5

Clear sound, usually distinct in speech.

接下来学什么

前置知识

सांस (Breath) बीमारी (Disease) फेफड़े (Lungs) दवा (Medicine) को (Postposition)

接下来学习

इलाज (Treatment) प्रदूषण (Pollution) धूल (Dust) एलर्जी (Allergy) स्वास्थ्य (Health)

高级

श्वसन तंत्र (Respiratory system) वायुमार्ग (Airway) सूजन (Inflammation) संकुचन (Constriction) दीर्घकालिक (Chronic)

需要掌握的语法

Oblique Case for Nouns ending in 'ā'

दमा (Direct) -> दमे (Oblique) before postpositions like 'का', 'को', 'में'.

Using 'ko' for Physical Conditions

राम को दमा है (Ram has asthma). Not 'राम के पास दमा है'.

Gender Agreement with Illnesses

मेरा दमा (Masculine possessive) vs मेरी खांसी (Feminine possessive).

Compound Postpositions with Diseases

दमे के कारण (Due to asthma). 'कारण' is preceded by 'के'.

Verb Agreement in Compound Verbs

दमा बढ़ जाना (Asthma increasing). 'जाना' agrees with 'dama'.

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按水平分级的例句

मुझे दमा है।

I have asthma.

Uses 'ko' postposition (included in 'mujhe').

क्या आपको दमा है?

Do you have asthma?

Interrogative sentence structure.

उसे दमा नहीं है।

He/she does not have asthma.

Negative sentence with 'nahī̃'.

यह दमा की दवा है।

This is asthma medicine.

Note the oblique 'dame' is often simplified to 'dama' in very basic A1 speech, but 'dame' is better.

मेरे दोस्त को दमा है।

My friend has asthma.

Subject + ko + disease + hai.

दमा एक बीमारी है।

Asthma is a disease.

Simple noun-verb identification.

क्या यह दमा है?

Is this asthma?

Basic question.

राम को दमा है।

Ram has asthma.

Proper noun with 'ko'.

दमे के मरीज़ को धूल से बचना चाहिए।

An asthma patient should avoid dust.

Use of oblique 'dame' before 'ke'.

ठंडी हवा से दमा बढ़ जाता है।

Asthma increases with cold air.

Masculine verb 'baṛh jātā hai' matches 'dama'.

क्या आपके पास दमे का पंप है?

Do you have an asthma pump (inhaler)?

Colloquial use of 'pump' for inhaler.

उसे बचपन से दमा की शिकायत है।

He has had a complaint of asthma since childhood.

'Shikāyat' (complaint) is a common way to refer to a chronic condition.

दमा एक पुरानी बीमारी है।

Asthma is a chronic (old) disease.

'Purānī' matches 'bīmārī', not 'dama'.

दमे की वजह से वह दौड़ नहीं सकता।

He cannot run because of asthma.

'Vajah se' (because of) triggers the oblique 'dame'.

डॉक्टर ने दमे का इलाज बताया।

The doctor explained the treatment for asthma.

'Ilāj' (treatment) is masculine.

मेरा दमा अब ठीक है।

My asthma is fine now.

Possessive 'merā' confirms 'dama' is masculine.

वायु प्रदूषण दमे के रोगियों के लिए बहुत हानिकारक है।

Air pollution is very harmful for asthma patients.

Complex subject with 'ke liye' (for).

जब उसे दमे का दौरा पड़ता है, तो वह इनहेलर का उपयोग करता है।

When he has an asthma attack, he uses an inhaler.

Conditional 'jab... to' structure.

दमा पूरी तरह से ठीक नहीं होता, लेकिन इसे नियंत्रित किया जा सकता है।

Asthma is not completely cured, but it can be controlled.

Passive voice 'niyantrit kiyā jā saktā hai'.

दीपावली के पटाखों के धुएं से मेरा दमा बिगड़ गया।

My asthma worsened due to the smoke from Diwali crackers.

Compound postposition 'ke dhuẽ se'.

क्या दमा एक अनुवांशिक बीमारी है?

Is asthma a genetic disease?

'Anuvānshik' means genetic.

योग करने से दमे के लक्षणों में सुधार हो सकता है।

Doing yoga can improve asthma symptoms.

'Lakshan' means symptoms.

सर्दियों में दमे की समस्या अक्सर गंभीर हो जाती है।

The problem of asthma often becomes serious in winter.

'Gambhir' means serious/severe.

उसे दमे के कारण अपनी नौकरी छोड़नी पड़ी।

He had to leave his job because of asthma.

'Paṛī' (had to) indicates compulsion.

चिकित्सकों का मानना है कि दमा का उचित प्रबंधन जीवन को सामान्य बना सकता है।

Doctors believe that proper management of asthma can make life normal.

Formal verb 'mānnā' (to believe/opine).

दमे के इलाज के लिए स्टेरॉयड इनहेलर्स का उपयोग सामान्य है।

The use of steroid inhalers for asthma treatment is common.

Technical vocabulary 'steroid inhalers'.

शहरी इलाकों में दमा होने की संभावना ग्रामीण इलाकों की तुलना में अधिक है।

The probability of having asthma is higher in urban areas compared to rural areas.

Comparative 'kī tulnā mẽ' (in comparison to).

दमे के प्रति जागरूकता फैलाने के लिए सरकार ने नए अभियान शुरू किए हैं।

The government has started new campaigns to spread awareness about asthma.

'Ke prati' (towards/about) awareness.

फेफड़ों की सूजन दमे का मुख्य कारण होती है।

Inflammation of the lungs is the main cause of asthma.

'Sūjan' (inflammation/swelling) is feminine.

यदि रोगी को सांस लेने में अत्यधिक कठिनाई हो, तो उसे तुरंत अस्पताल ले जाएं।

If the patient has extreme difficulty breathing, take them to the hospital immediately.

Imperative 'le jāẽ' (take/carry).

दमा केवल शारीरिक ही नहीं, बल्कि मानसिक स्वास्थ्य को भी प्रभावित करता है।

Asthma affects not only physical but also mental health.

Correlative 'keval... balki' (not only... but also).

आधुनिक चिकित्सा विज्ञान ने दमे के उपचार में काफी प्रगति की है।

Modern medical science has made significant progress in the treatment of asthma.

'Pragati' (progress) is feminine.

औद्योगिक क्षेत्रों में रहने वाले समुदायों में दमे की व्यापकता एक चिंताजनक विषय है।

The prevalence of asthma in communities living in industrial areas is a matter of concern.

'Vyāpaktā' (prevalence) is a high-level noun.

दमे के रोगियों के लिए वायु गुणवत्ता सूचकांक का निरंतर अवलोकन अनिवार्य है।

Continuous monitoring of the Air Quality Index is mandatory for asthma patients.

'Avalokan' (monitoring/observation) is formal Sanskritized Hindi.

बचपन में होने वाला दमा अक्सर उम्र के साथ ठीक हो जाता है, जिसे 'रीमिशन' कहते हैं।

Childhood asthma often resolves with age, which is called 'remission'.

Complex relative clause with 'jise' (which).

दमे की दवाओं के दीर्घकालिक दुष्प्रभावों पर अभी भी शोध जारी है।

Research is still ongoing on the long-term side effects of asthma medications.

'Dīrghakālik' (long-term) and 'dushprabhāv' (side effects).

सार्वजनिक स्थलों पर धूम्रपान निषेध दमे के मरीज़ों के स्वास्थ्य के लिए एक सकारात्मक कदम है।

The ban on smoking in public places is a positive step for the health of asthma patients.

'Nishedh' (prohibition/ban).

दमे के प्रबंधन में रोगी की शिक्षा और स्व-देखभाल की भूमिका महत्वपूर्ण होती है।

Patient education and self-care play a significant role in asthma management.

'Bhumikā' (role) is feminine.

जलवायु परिवर्तन के कारण पराग कणों में वृद्धि दमे के दौरों को और अधिक बारंबार बना रही है।

The increase in pollen grains due to climate change is making asthma attacks more frequent.

'Bārambār' (frequent/repeated).

दमे की गंभीरता का आकलन करने के लिए स्पाइरोमेट्री परीक्षण किया जाता है।

A spirometry test is performed to assess the severity of asthma.

'Āklan' (assessment).

दमा केवल एक व्यक्तिगत व्याधि नहीं, अपितु यह हमारे दूषित पर्यावरण का प्रत्यक्ष प्रमाण है।

Asthma is not just an individual ailment, but rather a direct evidence of our polluted environment.

Use of 'apitu' (but rather/instead) for high-level contrast.

साहित्य में 'दम फूलना' और 'दमा' को अक्सर जीवन की जद्दोजहद और घुटन के रूपक के रूप में प्रयुक्त किया गया है।

In literature, 'getting winded' and 'asthma' have often been used as metaphors for life's struggles and suffocation.

'Rūpak' (metaphor) and 'prayukt' (used).

दमे के उपचार में वैकल्पिक चिकित्सा पद्धतियों की प्रभावकारिता पर वैज्ञानिक समुदाय में मतभेद हैं।

There are disagreements in the scientific community regarding the efficacy of alternative medical systems in treating asthma.

'Prabhāvkāritā' (efficacy) and 'matbhed' (disagreement).

शहरीकरण की अनियंत्रित गति ने दमे जैसी श्वसन संबंधी बीमारियों को एक वैश्विक महामारी का रूप दे दिया है।

The uncontrolled pace of urbanization has turned respiratory diseases like asthma into a global pandemic.

Complex noun phrase 'aniyantrit gati' (uncontrolled speed).

दमे के रोगियों के लिए मनोवैज्ञानिक सहायता उतनी ही अनिवार्य है जितनी कि औषधीय चिकित्सा।

Psychological support is as essential for asthma patients as medicinal therapy.

Comparative 'utnī hī... jitnī ki' (as much as).

दमे की आनुवंशिक पूर्ववृत्ति और पर्यावरणीय कारकों के बीच का जटिल अंतर्संबंध अभी भी शोध का केंद्र है।

The complex interrelationship between genetic predisposition to asthma and environmental factors is still the focus of research.

'Pūrvavṛtti' (predisposition) and 'antarsamband' (interrelationship).

प्राचीन संहिताओं में दमे के विभिन्न स्वरूपों का वर्गीकरण और उनके निदान की विस्तृत चर्चा मिलती है।

The classification of various forms of asthma and detailed discussion of their diagnosis are found in ancient codes (samhitas).

'Vargīkaraṇ' (classification) and 'nidān' (diagnosis).

दमे की स्थिति में वायुमार्ग की अतिसंवेदनशीलता ही वह मुख्य कारक है जो सांस की नली में अवरोध उत्पन्न करती है।

In asthma, airway hypersensitivity is the main factor that creates obstruction in the windpipe.

'Atisansvedanshīltā' (hypersensitivity) and 'avrodh' (obstruction).

常见搭配

दमे का दौरा

दमे की दवा

दमे का मरीज़

पुराना दमा

दमे का इलाज

दमे की शिकायत

दमे का इनहेलर

दमे का पंप

दमा नियंत्रण

दमा जागरूकता

常用短语

दमे का शिकार होना

— To fall prey to or suffer from asthma.

वह कम उम्र में ही दमे का शिकार हो गया।

दमा उखड़ना

— A colloquial way to say an asthma attack has started or worsened.

धूल में जाते ही उसका दमा उखड़ जाता है।

दमे से राहत

— Relief from asthma symptoms.

इस दवा से दमे से राहत मिलती है।

दमे की रोकथाम

— Prevention of asthma.

दमे की रोकथाम के लिए प्रदूषण कम करना होगा।

दमे का असर

— The effect/impact of asthma.

उसकी सेहत पर दमे का बुरा असर पड़ा है।

दमे के लक्षण

— Symptoms of asthma.

दमे के लक्षणों को पहचानना ज़रूरी है।

दमे की जांच

— Asthma check-up/test.

कल मेरी दमे की जांच है।

दमे से पीड़ित

— Suffering from asthma.

वह कई सालों से दमे से पीड़ित है।

दमे का डर

— Fear of asthma (often in parents for children).

प्रदूषण के कारण दमे का डर बना रहता है।

दमे की गंभीर स्थिति

— A serious condition of asthma.

उसे दमे की गंभीर स्थिति में अस्पताल लाया गया।

容易混淆的词

दमा vs दम (Dam)

Dam means breath or stamina. Dama is the specific disease asthma.

दमा vs खांसी (Khansi)

Khansi is just a cough. Dama is a chronic lung condition.

दमा vs जुकाम (Zukam)

Zukam is a common cold. Dama is much more serious and long-term.

习语与表达

"दम फूलना"

— To be out of breath or pant; often associated with asthma but can be general.

सीढ़ियां चढ़ते ही उसका दम फूलने लगता है।

Common

"दम निकलना"

— To die or to be extremely exhausted (literally 'breath leaving').

काम करते-करते उसका दम निकल गया।

Informal

"दम तोड़ना"

— To breathe one's last; to die.

अस्पताल पहुँचते ही उसने दम तोड़ दिया।

Formal/Literary

"दम में दम आना"

— To feel relieved or revived.

पानी पीकर उसके दम में दम आया।

Idiomatic

"दम मारना"

— To take a rest or a puff (of a cigarette/pipe).

चलो, थोड़ी देर यहाँ बैठकर दम मारते हैं।

Slang/Informal

"नाक में दम करना"

— To harass or annoy someone greatly.

बच्चों ने शोर मचाकर मेरी नाक में दम कर दिया है।

Common

"दम साधना"

— To hold one's breath; to practice breath control.

योगी घंटों तक दम साधे रहते हैं।

Technical/Yoga

"दम घुटना"

— To feel suffocated.

इस बंद कमरे में मेरा दम घुट रहा है।

Common

"दम दिलासा देना"

— To encourage or give false hope.

वह बस दम दिलासा दे रहा है, काम नहीं करेगा।

Regional

"दम खम"

— Stamina, strength, or vigor.

इस खिलाड़ी में बहुत दम खम है।

Sports/General

容易混淆

दमा vs खांसी

Both involve the respiratory system.

Khansi is a temporary symptom (cough), whereas Dama is a chronic disease (asthma).

उसे सिर्फ खांसी है, दमा नहीं।

दमा vs सांस

Both relate to breathing.

Saans is the act of breathing (noun: breath), Dama is the disease affecting it.

दमे में सांस लेने में दिक्कत होती है।

句型

[Subject] को दमा है।

मुझे दमा है।

[Subject] को [Time] से दमा है।

उसे बचपन से दमा है।

[Trigger] से दमा बढ़ जाता है।

धूल से दमा बढ़ जाता है।

दमे के मरीज़ों को [Advice] चाहिए।

दमे के मरीज़ों को प्रदूषण से बचना चाहिए।

दमे की [Abstract Noun] [Verb].

दमे की व्यापकता बढ़ रही है।

词族

名词

दम (Breath)

दमा (Asthma)

दमक (Brightness/Glow - related by root 'breath/life')

动词

दम फूलना (To pant)

दम घुटना (To suffocate)

形容词

दमदार (Powerful/Strong)

बेदम (Breathless/Weak)

如何使用

frequency

High, especially in health and environmental contexts.

常见错误

मुझे दमा हूँ। → मुझे दमा है।
Illnesses use 'hai' (is) not 'hū̃' (am) because you are not the disease itself.
मेरी दमा। → मेरा दमा।
'Dama' is masculine, so the possessive must be 'mera'.
दमा का दौरा। → दमे का दौरा।
Nouns ending in 'ā' change to 'e' before a postposition like 'kā'.
उसे दमा हो गया। → उसे दमा है।
While 'ho gaya' (became/happened) is used for acute things, 'hai' is preferred for chronic conditions.
दमा की पंप। → दमे का पंप।
Pump is masculine in Hindi, and 'dama' must be oblique.

小贴士

Masculine Gender

Always treat 'दमा' as masculine. This affects adjectives ('अच्छा दमा' - though you wouldn't say good asthma!) and verbs.

Use with 'ko'

Remember to use the 'ko' postposition for the person who has the illness: 'उसको दमा है'.

Colloquial terms

If you forget the word 'दमा', you can say 'सांस की बीमारी' (breathing illness) and people will understand.

Soft 'D'

The 'D' in 'Dama' is dental. Touch your tongue to your upper teeth to say it correctly.

Oblique Case

Practice the shift: 'दमा' -> 'दमे की दवा'. This is a sign of an advanced learner.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'Damā' as 'Damage to the breath'. The 'Dam' part sounds like 'damage', and asthma 'damages' your ability to breathe easily.

视觉联想

Imagine a person trying to blow out a 'D'-shaped candle but struggling because they have 'Damā'.

Word Web

सांस (Breath) बीमारी (Disease) धूल (Dust) दवा (Medicine) फेफड़े (Lungs) डॉक्टर (Doctor) इनहेलर (Inhaler) खांसी (Cough)

挑战

Try to use 'दमे की दवा' and 'दमे का दौरा' in two separate sentences today while talking about health.

词源

The word 'दमा' (Damā) originates from the Persian word 'دم' (dam), which means 'breath', 'air', or 'vitality'. It entered Hindi through the influence of Persian in the medieval period. In Persian, 'dam' is a very versatile root, appearing in many words related to life and breathing.

原始含义： Breath or a state of being related to breath.

Indo-Iranian (via Persian influence on Hindustani).

文化背景

It is a medical condition. Use it with empathy. Avoid calling someone 'दमे वाला' (the asthma one); use 'दमे का मरीज़' (asthma patient) or 'जिसे दमा है' (one who has asthma).

In English-speaking countries, asthma is very common and managed with inhalers. The term 'asthma' is widely understood. In Hindi, 'दमा' is the exact equivalent.

Public health campaigns by Amitabh Bachchan often mention respiratory health. The 'Fish Prasadam' in Hyderabad for asthma patients. News headlines every November: 'दिल्ली में दमे के मरीज़ों की बढ़ी संख्या' (Number of asthma patients increased in Delhi).

在生活中练习

真实语境

At the Doctor

मुझे दमा है।
दमे का दौरा कब पड़ा?
क्या यह दमे की दवा है?
सांस लेने में तकलीफ है।

Talking about Pollution

धुएं से दमा बढ़ता है।
दमे के मरीज़ों के लिए हवा खराब है।
प्रदूषण और दमा।
मास्क पहनना ज़रूरी है।

At the Pharmacy

दमे का इनहेलर चाहिए।
दमे के पंप की कीमत क्या है?
यह दवा दमे के लिए है?
बिना पर्ची के दवा मिलेगी?

In School/Sports

उसे दमा है, वह नहीं दौड़ेगा।
क्या बच्चे को दमा है?
दमे का पंप पास रखें।
खेलते समय सांस फूलना।

Family Discussion

दादाजी का दमा बढ़ गया है।
सर्दियों में दमे का ध्यान रखें।
दमे के लिए योगाभ्यास।
परहेज करना ज़रूरी है।

对话开场白

"क्या आप जानते हैं कि प्रदूषण से दमा कैसे बढ़ता है?"

"क्या आपके परिवार में किसी को दमे की शिकायत है?"

"दमे के मरीज़ों के लिए सबसे अच्छी जगह कौन सी है?"

"क्या आपको लगता है कि योग से दमा ठीक हो सकता है?"

"दमे के इलाज के लिए आप कौन सी दवा लेते हैं?"

日记主题

लिखिए कि प्रदूषण दमे के रोगियों के जीवन को कैसे प्रभावित करता है।

एक काल्पनिक बातचीत लिखिए जहाँ एक मरीज़ डॉक्टर को अपने दमे के बारे में बता रहा है।

क्या आपके देश में दमा एक बड़ी समस्या है? विस्तार से लिखिए।

दमे के लक्षणों और उससे बचाव के तरीकों के बारे में एक अनुच्छेद लिखिए।

अपने किसी दोस्त को पत्र लिखिए जिसे दमा है और उसे सेहत का ध्यान रखने की सलाह दीजिए।

常见问题

10 个问题

It is a masculine noun. For example, you say 'मेरा दमा' (my asthma) and 'पुराना दमा' (old asthma).

You say 'मुझे दमा है' (Mujhe damā hai). You use the 'ko' postposition with the person.

There is no difference in meaning. 'Dama' is the native Hindi (via Persian) word, while 'Asthma' is the English loanword used in modern speech.

It becomes 'दमे' in the oblique case, which happens when a postposition like 'का', 'को', 'से', or 'में' follows it.

Yes, it is very common because respiratory issues are a major health concern in many parts of the country.

No, 'दमा' refers specifically to asthma. For a cough, use 'खांसी' (khānsī).

It is called 'दमे का दौरा' (dame kā daurā).

Yes, although 'श्वास रोग' (shvās rog) is more formal, 'दमा' is perfectly acceptable in medical and legal contexts.

As a disease, it is usually used in the singular. If referring to cases of asthma, 'दमे' is used in oblique contexts.

No, it comes from Persian 'dam' (breath).

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