発言 30秒了解
- Hatsugen means 'statement' or 'remark' in a formal or public context.
- It is both a noun and a verb when combined with 'suru'.
- Commonly used in news, business, and school settings.
- Focuses on the act of contributing to a conversation.
The Japanese word 発言 (hatsugen) is a noun that translates to 'statement,' 'remark,' or 'utterance.' It refers to the act of expressing one's thoughts, opinions, or facts through speech, particularly in a structured or formal context. While the English word 'saying' is broad, hatsugen carries a weight of intentionality. It is not just casual chatter; it is the act of 'taking the floor' or making a point that others are meant to hear and acknowledge. The kanji themselves reveal the mechanic: 発 (hatsu) means to emit, discharge, or release, and 言 (gen) means word or speech. Together, they describe the literal 'emission of words' into a public or shared space.
- Formal Context
- In business meetings, political debates, or legal proceedings, this word is the standard term for any official contribution to the conversation. When a politician makes a controversial comment, the media refers to it as a 'mondai hatsugen' (problematic statement).
- Verbal Form
- By adding 'suru,' it becomes the verb 発言する (hatsugen suru), meaning 'to speak out' or 'to make a statement.' It is often used to describe the action of raising one's hand to speak in a classroom or a board meeting.
彼は会議で非常に重要な発言をしました。(He made a very important statement at the meeting.)
The nuance of hatsugen is distinct from hanashi (talk/story) or koto (thing/word). While hanashi focuses on the content or the narrative, hatsugen focuses on the delivery and the social presence of the speaker. It implies that the speaker is contributing to a collective understanding. In Japanese society, where silence is often valued, the act of hatsugen is seen as a deliberate move. One must 'read the air' (kuuki wo yomu) before making a hatsugen to ensure it is appropriate for the setting.
不適切な発言は慎んでください。(Please refrain from inappropriate remarks.)
In digital spaces, hatsugen is also used to describe posts or comments on forums and social media. When someone 'deletes their statement,' it is often referred to as 'hatsugen wo sakujo suru.' This highlights that the word covers both spoken and written-as-spoken communication. It is a foundational word for anyone moving from basic Japanese to intermediate levels, as it allows you to discuss what people say with much higher precision and formality.
Mastering 発言 (hatsugen) requires understanding its grammatical flexibility. As a noun, it functions as the object of many verbs. Most commonly, you will see it paired with 'suru' (to do), 'hikaeru' (to refrain from), or 'tekkai suru' (to withdraw). Because it is a B1 level word, it is essential for expressing complex social interactions. For example, if you are in a meeting and want to encourage someone to speak, you might say, 'Gohatsugen wo onegai shimasu' (Please give us your statement/opinion).
- With Adjectives
- Commonly paired with 'mondai-na' (problematic), 'yuueki-na' (useful), or 'shinchou-na' (cautious). Example: 'Shinchou-na hatsugen ga motomerareru' (Cautious statements are required).
- As a Subject
- When the statement itself is the focus. Example: 'Hatsugen ga gokai wo maneita' (The statement caused a misunderstanding).
彼は自分の発言に責任を持つべきだ。(He should take responsibility for his statements.)
One interesting aspect of hatsugen is how it interacts with honorifics. In formal Japanese, you might use 'go-hatsugen' to refer to a superior's words. This adds a layer of respect that simple 'iu' (to say) or 'hanashi' (talk) lacks. Additionally, in news reporting, you will often hear 'hatsugen wo hikaeru' when a public figure refuses to comment. This phrase is a polite way to say 'no comment' or 'refraining from speaking.'
誰でも自由に発言できる雰囲気を作りたい。(I want to create an atmosphere where anyone can speak freely.)
Furthermore, hatsugen is frequently used in the passive voice in news contexts: '...to hatsugen sareta' (It was stated that...). This distancing mechanism is common in Japanese journalism to maintain objectivity. When learning this word, try to practice it in the context of 'giving an opinion' rather than just 'talking.' If you are describing a conversation with a friend, 'hanashi' is better. If you are describing what was said in a debate or a structured discussion, hatsugen is the correct choice.
You will encounter 発言 (hatsugen) in a variety of high-stakes environments. The most common place is the Japanese news (NHK, for instance). News anchors frequently report on the 'hatsugen' of the Prime Minister or foreign leaders. In these contexts, the word emphasizes that the words spoken have political or social consequences. If you watch the Japanese Diet (Parliament) proceedings, you will hear the word constantly as members are granted 'hatsugen-ken' (the right to speak/the floor).
- The Workplace
- During the 'teirei kaigi' (regular meeting), your boss might say 'Nanika hatsugen wa arimasu ka?' (Do you have any remarks/comments?). Here, it's a prompt for you to contribute your professional insight.
- Academic Settings
- In a university seminar, a professor will evaluate students based on their 'hatsugen'—meaning their participation and the quality of their verbal contributions to the class discussion.
首相の発言が世界中で注目されています。(The Prime Minister's statement is attracting attention worldwide.)
Another modern context is the world of 'SNS' (Social Networking Services). When a celebrity makes a post that sparks a 'flame war' (enjou), it is often described as a 'mondai hatsugen' (problematic statement). Even though the 'statement' was typed, the term hatsugen is used because it represents the individual's public voice. You might also hear this word in documentaries or historical dramas when a character makes a definitive declaration that changes the course of the plot.
会議の最後に、議長から短い発言がありました。(At the end of the meeting, there was a brief statement from the chairperson.)
Lastly, in legal settings or police procedurals on TV, hatsugen is used for testimony or official records. If a witness changes their story, the lawyer might point out the 'hatsugen no mujun' (contradiction in the statement). For a learner, hearing hatsugen should immediately signal that the conversation has moved from 'chatting' to 'stating facts or opinions' that carry weight. It is the language of the 'public self' (omote) rather than the 'private self' (ura).
A frequent mistake for English speakers is using 発言 (hatsugen) where kotoba or hanashi would be more appropriate. Hatsugen is almost never used for 'words' in the sense of vocabulary or language. For example, you cannot say 'I learned a new hatsugen today.' You must use 'kotoba' or 'tango' (vocabulary). Hatsugen is the *act* of speaking or the *content* of a specific remark, not the linguistic units themselves.
- Confusion with 'Hatsuon'
- Because 'hatsugen' and 'hatsuon' (pronunciation) sound similar, beginners often mix them up. Remember: 'Gen' is for words/speech, while 'On' is for sound. You 'hatsugen' an opinion, but you 'hatsuon' a vowel.
- Over-formality
- Using hatsugen in a casual setting like a dinner with friends can sound stiff. If you say 'My friend made a statement about the pizza,' using hatsugen, it sounds like your friend is a food critic giving an official review.
❌ 彼の発言は発音がきれいです。(His statement has clean pronunciation - Sounds weird.)
✅ 彼の話し方は発音がきれいです。(His way of speaking has clean pronunciation.)
Another mistake is the confusion between hatsugen and shogen (testimony). While both are statements, shogen is strictly for a court of law or formal investigation where the speaker is under oath. Using shogen for a regular meeting remark is a 'category error.' Conversely, using hatsugen for a witness's testimony might be too weak in a legal document.
❌ 昨日の発言を覚えていません。(I don't remember the words [vocabulary] from yesterday.)
✅ 昨日の授業の内容を覚えていません。(I don't remember the content of yesterday's class.)
Finally, be careful with the particle usage. People often try to use 'wo' with 'hatsugen suru' when they mean 'to speak about something.' However, '...ni tsuite hatsugen suru' (to speak *about* something) is the standard construction. You 'emit' (hatsugen) a remark, but you 'speak about' a topic. Misusing these particles can make your professional Japanese sound 'gikochi-nai' (clunky).
To truly enrich your vocabulary, you should know the synonyms of 発言 (hatsugen) and when to choose them over the base word. While hatsugen is the 'bread and butter' of formal speech, other words offer more specific nuances. For instance, 意見 (iken) means 'opinion.' While a hatsugen can be an opinion, it can also just be a statement of fact. Iken is used when you specifically want to emphasize your viewpoint or judgment.
- 発言 (Hatsugen) vs. 意見 (Iken)
- Hatsugen is the act of speaking; Iken is the content of the thought. In a meeting, your 'hatsugen' might contain your 'iken.'
- 発言 (Hatsugen) vs. 言明 (Genmei)
- Genmei is much more formal, meaning 'declaration' or 'proclamation.' It is used when someone makes a definitive and public commitment.
彼は反対の意見を述べた。(He stated an opposing opinion.)
Other related terms include 発話 (hatsuwa), which is a technical term used in linguistics to refer to 'utterance' or the physical act of producing speech. You won't hear this in daily life, but you will see it in textbooks about language. There is also 口演 (kouen), which refers to a verbal performance or storytelling, and 談話 (danwa), which refers to an informal talk or a social discourse, often used for official 'informal statements' by government officials (e.g., the Kono Danwa).
政府は公式な談話を発表した。(The government released an official statement/discourse.)
If you are looking for a more casual equivalent, 一言 (hitokoto) is often used. It means 'a word' or 'a brief comment.' At a party, instead of asking for a 'hatsugen,' someone might say 'Hitokoto onegai shimasu' (Please say a few words). This is much more natural in social settings. Understanding these gradations of formality and specificity will make your Japanese sound nuanced and sophisticated.
How Formal Is It?
趣味小知识
The kanji for 'gen' (言) actually contains the radical for 'mouth' (口) at the bottom, emphasizing its verbal nature.
发音指南
- Pronouncing 'tsu' as 'su'.
- Confusing 'hatsugen' with 'hatsuon' (pronunciation).
- Stressing the 'gen' like 'again'.
- Making the 'n' sound too much like an English 'n'.
- Elongating the 'e' in 'gen'.
难度评级
The kanji are common but require intermediate knowledge. 'Hatsu' is taught early, 'Gen' is very common.
Writing 'Hatsu' (発) can be tricky due to the stroke order and balance.
Easy to pronounce once you master 'tsu'.
Can be confused with 'hatsuon' if not listening carefully to the context.
接下来学什么
前置知识
接下来学习
高级
按水平分级的例句
クラスで発言します。
I speak in class.
Uses the particle 'de' for location.
先生の発言を聞きます。
I listen to the teacher's statement.
'No' connects the speaker to the noun.
大きな声で発言してください。
Please speak in a loud voice.
'De' indicates the manner/method.
彼は何も発言しませんでした。
He didn't say anything (formally).
'Nani mo' + negative verb means 'nothing'.
ここでの発言は大切です。
Speaking here is important.
'Koko de no' makes the location part of the noun phrase.
発言をメモします。
I will take notes on the statements.
'Wo' marks the object.
あなたの発言は分かりやすいです。
Your statement is easy to understand.
'-yasui' means 'easy to do'.
短い発言をしました。
I made a short statement.
Adjective 'mijikai' modifies the noun.
会議で発言するのは緊張します。
I get nervous about speaking in meetings.
'No wa' turns the verb phrase into a subject.
彼の発言はいつも面白いです。
His remarks are always interesting.
'Itsumo' means 'always'.
発言する前に手を挙げてください。
Please raise your hand before speaking.
'Mae ni' means 'before'.
その発言の意味が分かりません。
I don't understand the meaning of that statement.
'No' connects two nouns.
みんなの前で発言しました。
I spoke in front of everyone.
'Mae de' means 'in front of'.
彼女の発言は正しかったです。
Her statement was correct.
Past tense of 'tadashii' is 'tadashikatta'.
もっと自由に発言したいです。
I want to speak more freely.
'-tai' indicates desire.
誰の発言が一番良かったですか？
Whose statement was the best?
'Ichiban' means 'the most/best'.
不適切な発言で謝罪しました。
He apologized for his inappropriate remarks.
'De' indicates the reason/cause.
彼は発言を撤回しました。
He withdrew his statement.
'Tekkai' means withdrawal.
政府の公式な発言を待ちましょう。
Let's wait for the government's official statement.
'-mashou' means 'let's'.
その発言は誤解を招く恐れがあります。
That statement might cause a misunderstanding.
'Osore ga aru' means 'there is a fear/risk that'.
議論の中で、重要な発言がありました。
During the discussion, there was an important remark.
'Naka de' means 'during/inside'.
彼はめったに会議で発言しません。
He rarely speaks in meetings.
'Metta ni' + negative means 'rarely'.
発言の内容を記録してください。
Please record the content of the statements.
'Kiroku' means record.
その発言には根拠がありません。
There is no basis for that statement.
'Konkyo' means basis/grounds.
彼の発言は矛盾だらけです。
His statements are full of contradictions.
'-darake' means 'full of' (usually negative).
無責任な発言は控えるべきです。
You should refrain from making irresponsible remarks.
'-beki' means 'should'.
発言の意図を正確に把握する必要があります。
It is necessary to accurately grasp the intent of the statement.
'Hitsuyou ga aru' means 'it is necessary'.
その発言が火種となって論争が起きた。
That statement became the spark that started the controversy.
'Hidane' (spark/source of trouble).
公の場での発言には注意が必要です。
Caution is needed for statements made in public places.
'Ooyake no ba' means 'public place'.
彼は発言を裏付ける証拠を提示した。
He presented evidence to support his statement.
'Urazukeru' means 'to support/back up'.
発言権を求めて手を挙げた。
I raised my hand to ask for the right to speak.
'Hatsugen-ken' (right to speak).
一連の発言は、彼の本心を表している。
The series of statements reveals his true feelings.
'Ichiren' means 'a series of'.
発言の背後にある政治的背景を探る。
Explore the political background behind the statement.
'Haigo' means 'behind/background'.
彼の発言は、社会に大きな波紋を広げた。
His statement caused a great ripple effect in society.
'Hamon wo hirogeru' is an idiom for 'causing a stir'.
その発言は文脈を無視して引用された。
That statement was quoted out of context.
'Bunmyaku' means 'context'.
不用意な発言が、取り返しのつかない事態を招いた。
A careless remark led to an irreversible situation.
'Torikaeshi no tsukanai' means 'irreversible'.
閣僚の発言は、政府の統一見解と一致している。
The minister's statement is consistent with the government's unified view.
'Kenkai' means 'view/opinion'.
発言の信憑性を疑う声が上がっている。
Voices are rising questioning the credibility of the statement.
'Shinpyousei' means 'credibility'.
彼は自身の発言が招いた結果に愕然とした。
He was stunned by the results caused by his own statements.
'Gakuzen' means 'stunned/aghast'.
発言の端々に、彼の苦悩が読み取れる。
In every part of his statement, one can read his suffering.
'Hashibashi' means 'every nook and cranny/parts'.
発言の真意を読み解くには、高度な洞察力が必要だ。
To decipher the true meaning of the statement, advanced insight is required.
'Yomitoku' means 'to decipher/read into'.
その発言は、既存のパラダイムを根底から覆すものだった。
That statement fundamentally overturned the existing paradigm.
'Kontei kara kutsugaesu' means 'to overturn from the root'.
言論の自由と、差別的な発言の境界線が問われている。
The boundary between freedom of speech and discriminatory remarks is being questioned.
'Kyoukaisen' means 'boundary line'.
彼の発言は、緻密に計算されたレトリックに基づいている。
His statements are based on meticulously calculated rhetoric.
'Chimitsu' means 'meticulous/precise'.
発言の断片を繋ぎ合わせ、事件の全容を解明する。
Connect the fragments of statements to clarify the full scope of the incident.
'Danpen' means 'fragment'.
その発言は、歴史の転換点において決定的な役割を果たした。
That statement played a decisive role at a turning point in history.
'Ketteiteki' means 'decisive'.
自己矛盾を孕んだ発言は、聴衆の不信感を買った。
The statements, pregnant with self-contradiction, earned the audience's distrust.
'Haranda' means 'pregnant with/containing'.
発言のニュアンスを損なうことなく翻訳するのは至難の業だ。
Translating without losing the nuance of the statement is an extremely difficult task.
'Shinan no waza' means 'a Herculean task'.
常见搭配
常用短语
— Please make a statement. Used by a facilitator to invite someone to speak.
田中さん、ご発言をお願いします。
— To be discreet or careful with one's words. Refers to exercising caution.
今は発言を慎むべき時だ。
— Statements follow one after another. Used to describe a lively debate.
反対の発言が相次いだ。
— To interrupt someone's statement. Usually seen as rude.
人の発言を遮ってはいけない。
— To permit someone to speak. Formal setting usage.
議長が彼の発言を許した。
— To go back on one's word or change a previous statement.
彼は前回の発言を翻した。
— To keep a record of what was said. Used in minutes of meetings.
重要な発言を記録にとどめる。
— The statement carries weight or authority.
社長の発言には重みがある。
— An opportunity to speak. Often used when one feels unheard.
発言の機会を逃した。
— A statement causes a stir or ripple effect in society.
彼の発言が大きな波紋を広げた。
习语与表达
— To silence someone or prevent them from speaking. Often used in political contexts.
反対派の発言を封じる。
Formal— To be at a loss for words when asked for a statement.
鋭い質問に発言に窮した。
Formal— To use words cleverely but deceptively. Often negative.
詭弁を弄するような発言だ。
Literary— A statement is taken out of context and spreads on its own.
発言が一人歩きして誤解された。
Journalistic— To warn someone about what they might say in advance.
余計なことを言わないよう発言に釘を刺す。
Idiomatic— To speak ambiguously to avoid a clear answer.
核心については発言を濁した。
Neutral— To be at the receiving end of criticism for a statement.
彼は批判的な発言の矢面に立った。
Formal— To reflect deeply on what was said.
恩師の発言を噛み締める。
Emotive— To use a previous statement as a defense.
過去の発言を盾に責任を逃れる。
Formal— To outsmart someone by seeing through their verbal statements.
相手の発言の裏をかいて交渉する。
Strategic词族
名词
动词
形容词
相关
记住它
记忆技巧
Think of a 'HOT' (ha) 'SOUP' (tsu) 'GAIN' (gen). When you eat hot soup, you gain the energy to make a statement!
视觉联想
Imagine a person standing at a podium (formal setting) and a speech bubble with an arrow pointing OUT (hatsu) containing words (gen).
Word Web
挑战
Try to find one 'hatsugen' in a Japanese news article today. Write down who made it and what the topic was.
词源
Derived from Middle Chinese roots. 'Hatsu' (発) comes from the Old Chinese word for 'releasing an arrow,' and 'Gen' (言) is a pictograph of a mouth with words coming out.
原始含义： To release or emit words from the mouth.
Sino-Japanese (Kango).文化背景
Be careful when criticizing someone's 'hatsugen' directly in Japan; it is better to say 'the statement was misunderstood' rather than 'you said something bad.'
English speakers might find the Japanese 'hatsugen' more formal than 'statement' or 'remark.' In English, we 'speak up,' whereas in Japanese, one 'emits a statement.'
在生活中练习
真实语境
Business Meeting
- 発言を許可する
- 発言を求める
- 貴重なご発言
- 発言を控える
News/Politics
- 問題発言
- 公式発言
- 発言の真意
- 発言を撤回
Classroom
- 積極的に発言する
- 発言の手を挙げる
- 発言の内容
- 先生の発言
Social Media
- 不適切な発言
- 過去の発言
- 発言を削除
- 炎上した発言
Courtroom
- 発言の信憑性
- 証人の発言
- 発言の矛盾
- 発言を記録
对话开场白
"最近のニュースで、誰の発言が一番印象に残っていますか？"
Summary
Use 'hatsugen' when you need to describe a formal comment or the act of speaking in a structured setting like a meeting or a classroom. For example: 'Kaigi de hatsugen suru' (To speak in a meeting).
- Hatsugen means 'statement' or 'remark' in a formal or public context.
- It is both a noun and a verb when combined with 'suru'.
- Commonly used in news, business, and school settings.
- Focuses on the act of contributing to a conversation.
例句
彼の発言は会議で波紋を呼んだ。
相关内容
这个词在其他语言中
更多academic词汇
絶対的
B2绝对的；不依赖于其他事物，独立存在的。无条件的，完全的。
絶対的に
B1绝对地。表示无条件地、完全地或不容置疑地。
抽象的だ
B1Abstract; existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence.
抽象
B2存在于思想或观念中，但没有物理或具体形式。它指的是将事物的本质提炼出来，脱离具体细节。 (抽象艺术是一个常见的例子。)
抽象的に
B1以抽象或理论的方式。用于想法或概念，而非实体事物。
学術的な
B1关于学术或学问的。指与大学或研究机构的专门研究、理论相关的事物。
学術的だ
B1学术性的；与教育和学术研究相关的。这个课题具有很高的学术价值。
学術的
B2Academic; relating to education and scholarship.
学術
B1学术。指学术、研究等智力探索和系统学习的世界。
学力
B1学力是指通过学校教育所获得的知识和能力。
