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B1 verb #4,500 最常用 10分钟阅读

盗む

nusumu 前4,500

开始练习例句笔记与提示盗む 30秒了解

解析盗む in your Level:

At the A1 level, learners should focus on the most basic meaning of 'nusumu': taking a physical object without permission. At this stage, you only need the simple present and past forms (nusumu, nusunda) and the polite forms (nusumimasu, nusumaremashita). You might use it to describe a simple story about a thief (dorobou) or to say that you lost something. The focus is on the direct object marker 'o'. For example, 'Kare wa ringo o nusumimasu' (He steals an apple). It is a 'scary' or 'bad' word, usually associated with negative actions in children's stories or basic safety warnings.

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At the A2 level, you begin to use 'nusumu' in more varied sentence structures, such as the passive voice 'nusumareru'. This is crucial because Japanese people often use the passive to express that they are the victim of an action. For example, 'Jitensha o nusumaremashita' (My bicycle was stolen). You also start to learn the noun 'dorobou' (thief) and 'tounan' (theft). You might hear this word in public announcements or see it on signs. Understanding that 'nusumu' is a Godan verb (ending in -mu) and how it conjugates into the 'te-form' (nusunde) is essential for linking actions, like 'nusunde nigeta' (stole it and ran away).

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At the B1 level, you move beyond physical theft and begin to understand metaphorical and idiomatic uses of 'nusumu'. You learn phrases like 'me o nusumu' (to do something behind someone's back) or 'waza o nusumu' (to learn a skill by watching). You also start to distinguish 'nusumu' from 'ubau' (to snatch/rob) and 'manbiki' (shoplift). Your grammar should include the potential form 'nusumeru' (can steal) and the conditional 'nusumeba' (if someone steals). You can participate in conversations about security, crime stories, or intellectual property in a basic way. You should also be comfortable using the 'suffering passive' correctly in complex sentences.

At the B2 level, you should be able to use 'nusumu' in academic or professional discussions. This includes talking about 'copyright infringement' (chosakuken shingai) and 'plagiarism' (pakuri/nusumi). You understand the nuance of 'nusumu' in literature—how it can be used to describe stealing a heart or a moment of peace. You are familiar with compound verbs like 'nusumi-dasu' (to steal and take out) or 'nusumi-kiki' (eavesdropping). Your use of register is more precise; you know when to use the clinical 'settou' (theft) versus the common 'nusumu'. You can also discuss the social implications of theft in Japanese society and the concept of 'trust' (shinrai).

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At the C1 level, your understanding of 'nusumu' includes its historical etymology and its use in high-level literature and legal texts. You can analyze the difference between 'nusumu' and 'ryakudatsu' (pillage) or 'ouryou' (embezzlement) in a legal context. You can use 'nusumu' in sophisticated metaphors, such as 'stealing the breath of the audience' or 'stealing the essence of an era.' You are aware of how the word has changed over time and its role in various Japanese idioms. You can write detailed reports on security vulnerabilities or social issues involving theft, using a wide range of synonyms and related kanji compounds with ease.

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At the C2 level, 'nusumu' is a tool for nuanced expression. You can engage in philosophical debates about the nature of 'theft' in the digital age, including the theft of data, identity, and attention. You can appreciate the word's use in classical Japanese literature and how the concept of 'nusumi' has evolved from the Edo period to today. You can effortlessly switch between slang (pakuru), standard (nusumu), and highly formal/legal (settou) registers. Your mastery includes the ability to use 'nusumu' in wordplay, puns, and complex rhetorical devices. You understand the deepest cultural nuances of the word, including its relation to Japanese concepts of 'me' (shame) and 'giri' (obligation).

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

盗む 30秒了解

Nusumu means 'to steal' secretly. It is a transitive verb using the particle 'o' for the stolen object and 'ga' for the thief.
The passive form 'nusumareru' is very common for victims. It emphasizes the trouble or sadness caused by having something stolen from you.
Metaphorical uses include 'stealing a heart,' 'stealing a look' (behind someone's back), or 'stealing a technique' (learning by watching a master).
Distinguish it from 'ubau' (to take by force) and 'manbiki' (to shoplift). Nusumu is the most general and common term for theft.

The Japanese verb 盗む (nusumu) is a fundamental word used to describe the act of taking something that belongs to another person without their permission or knowledge. While it primarily translates to the English verb 'to steal,' its usage in Japanese extends across physical objects, intellectual properties, and even metaphorical concepts like time or attention. In the Japanese social context, which places a high value on honesty and communal trust, the act of 盗む is treated with significant gravity. Understanding this word requires not just knowing its definition, but also recognizing its various conjugations and the subtle social implications it carries when used in different registers.

Core Definition: The act of surreptitiously taking property belonging to another with the intent to deprive them of it permanently. It is a transitive verb (他動詞, tadoushi) that typically takes the particle 'o' to mark the object being stolen.
Grammatical Classification: It is a Godan verb (Type 1) ending in 'mu'. This means it follows the standard 'mu' conjugation pattern: nusumu (dictionary), nusumanai (negative), nusumimasu (polite), nusunda (past), and nusumeba (conditional).

泥棒が私の財布を盗んだ。(Dorobou ga watashi no saifu o nusunda.)
— A thief stole my wallet.

In Japanese literature and media, the concept of 'stealing' is often romanticized in the 'Phantom Thief' (怪盗, kaitou) genre, such as Lupin III or Detective Conan's Kaito Kid. Here, 盗む is used to describe the masterful acquisition of legendary treasures. However, in daily life, the word is most frequently encountered in news reports (ニュース) or police contexts. It is important to distinguish 盗む from similar verbs like 奪う (ubau), which implies taking by force or violence (more akin to 'snatch' or 'rob'), whereas 盗む emphasizes the secret or stealthy nature of the theft.

Metaphorical Use: Beyond physical objects, you can 'steal' someone's heart (心を盗む) or 'steal' a glance (目を盗む). In professional settings, 'stealing a technique' (技を盗む) is a common expression meaning to learn by observing a master closely without formal instruction.

親の目を盗んで遊びに行く。(Oya no me o nusunde asobi ni iku.)
— To go out to play behind one's parents' backs (literally: stealing the parents' eyes).

When discussing intellectual property, 盗む is also the standard term for plagiarism or copying ideas. In the digital age, this extends to 'stealing data' or 'stealing an identity.' The verb's versatility makes it a B1-level staple, as it bridges the gap between basic survival Japanese and more nuanced conversational or professional language. Whether you are reporting a lost item or describing a character's motivations in a story, mastering 盗む is a key step in building your Japanese proficiency.

Using 盗む correctly requires an understanding of Japanese sentence structure, particularly the use of the object particle を (o) and the subject particle が (ga). Because 盗む is a transitive verb, it always involves an actor (the thief) and an object (the item being stolen). However, in many real-world Japanese sentences, the actor is often omitted if it is obvious from the context, or the sentence is shifted into the passive voice to focus on the victim's experience.

Standard Active Voice: [Subject] ga [Object] o nusumu. This is the most direct way to say someone stole something. Example: 'Kare ga hon o nusunda' (He stole the book).
The Passive Voice (Suffering Passive): In Japanese, the passive form 盗まれる (nusumareru) is extremely common when the speaker is the victim. It often implies a sense of trouble or annoyance. Example: 'Saifu o nusumaremashita' (My wallet was stolen / I had my wallet stolen).

誰かに傘を盗まれたようです。(Dareka ni kasa o nusumareta you desu.)
— It seems my umbrella was stolen by someone.

When you want to describe the *way* something was stolen, you might use the Te-form of another verb. For example, 'mochi-dasu' (to take out) combined with 'nusumu' isn't standard, but you might see 'nusumi-dasu' (to steal away/sneak out with something). Another common pattern is using 盗む with the potential form 盗める (nusumeru), meaning 'can steal'. This is often used in hypothetical scenarios or discussions about security vulnerabilities.

Polite vs. Casual: Use 'nusumimasu' in formal reports or when talking to strangers/superiors. Use 'nusumu' with friends or when narrating a story. In very informal speech, 'nusun-chatta' (stole it by mistake/accidentally) might be heard, though stealing is rarely described as an accident!

彼はプロの技術を盗もうとしている。(Kare wa puro no gijutsu o nusumou to shite iru.)
— He is trying to steal (learn by watching) the professional's skills.

Finally, consider the causative form 盗ませる (nusumaseru), which means 'to make/let someone steal.' This is often used in crime dramas where a boss orders a subordinate to commit a crime. The variety of forms—potential, passive, causative, and volitional—demonstrates that 盗む is a highly flexible verb that adapts to numerous complex social and narrative situations.

In Japan, you will encounter the word 盗む in a variety of contexts, ranging from the mundane to the dramatic. Perhaps the most common place for a visitor to hear it is in a police station (交番, kouban) or when filling out a 'Lost Property' report. If your bicycle goes missing, the officer will ask if you think it was 'stolen' (nusumareta). In this context, the word is used clinically and seriously. It is a part of the essential vocabulary for dealing with administrative or legal issues in Japan.

News and Media: Television news broadcasts frequently use the noun form 'tounan' (theft) or the verb 'nusumu' when reporting on local crimes. You might hear headlines like 'Koukyuu-sha ga nusumaremashita' (A luxury car was stolen). In these instances, the language is formal and objective.
Anime and Manga: This is where the word gets exciting. Countless series feature 'kaitou' (phantom thieves) who send calling cards before they 'steal' a treasure. Phrases like 'Kokoro o nusumu' (to steal a heart) are iconic in series like 'Persona 5' or 'Sailor Moon'. Here, the word takes on a more stylistic, almost heroic connotation.

怪盗は予告通り、宝石を盗み出した。(Kaitou wa yokoku-doori, houseki o nusumi-dashita.)
— The phantom thief stole the jewel, just as he had predicted.

In the workplace, the word is used more metaphorically. A junior employee might be told to 'steal the skills' (waza o nusumu) of their seniors. This isn't literal theft; it refers to the traditional Japanese apprentice system where skills are often taught through observation rather than explicit verbal instruction. Hearing 'nusumu' in a professional setting often indicates a high level of dedication and keen observation skills.

Finally, social media and internet culture frequently use 'nusumu' in the context of 'stolen photos' (mu-dan tensai) or 'stolen credit.' If someone reposts an artist's work without permission, the community might say the work was 'nusumareta.' As digital literacy grows in Japan, the vocabulary of theft has evolved to encompass these modern grievances. Whether in a gritty crime drama, a supportive workplace, or a frustrating police report, 'nusumu' is a word that resonates with the core Japanese values of property and respect.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when using 盗む is confusing it with other 'taking' verbs like 取る (toru) or 奪う (ubau). While 'toru' simply means 'to take' (neutral), 'nusumu' specifically implies a lack of permission and usually a degree of secrecy. If you accidentally say 'Nusunde kudasai' (Please steal it) instead of 'Totte kudasai' (Please take/pass it), you will certainly cause a lot of confusion and perhaps some laughter!

Confusion with 'Ubau': 'Ubau' means to snatch or take by force. If a pickpocket takes your wallet secretly, use 'nusumu'. If someone holds you at knifepoint and takes your bag, 'ubau' is more appropriate. Using 'nusumu' for a violent robbery downplays the aggression of the act.
The 'Suffering Passive' Misuse: Learners often try to say 'My wallet was stolen' as 'Watashi no saifu ga nusumareta.' While grammatically possible, it sounds more natural in Japanese to say 'Watashi wa saifu o nusumareta' (I had my wallet stolen). This focuses the sentence on the person who is suffering the consequence.

Incorrect: 彼は私の時間を奪った。(When you mean he 'stole' a moment of time secretly.)
Correct: 彼は私の時間を盗んだ。

Another common error is related to the kanji. The kanji for 'nusumu' (盗) consists of 'next' (次) and 'dish' (皿). Learners sometimes confuse it with 'michi' (道 - road) or other complex characters. Writing it correctly is vital for formal contexts. Additionally, remember that 'nusumu' is an action; the person who does it is a 'dorobou' (thief). Do not use 'nusumu' as a noun; use 'tounan' (theft) or 'nusumi' (the act of stealing) instead.

Finally, be careful with the particle usage in the potential form. 'Saifu ga nusumeru' (The wallet can be stolen) sounds like you are suggesting it's easy to steal the wallet, which might make you sound like a criminal! Always consider the social context and the implications of your sentence structure to avoid sounding unintentionally suspicious or rude.

While 盗む is the most versatile and common word for 'to steal,' Japanese offers several alternatives depending on the nuance, formality, and specific nature of the theft. Understanding these synonyms will help you choose the right word for the right situation, whether you're writing a formal report or chatting with friends.

奪う (Ubau): Focuses on the use of force or the deprivation of something valuable (like life, freedom, or a prize). It is much more aggressive than 'nusumu'.
万引きする (Manbiki suru): Specifically refers to shoplifting. You wouldn't use 'nusumu' as often as 'manbiki' when describing someone taking something from a store shelf without paying.
パクる (Pakuru): A slang term used for plagiarism, copying someone's style, or even a quick theft. It's very common among younger people and in the creative industries.

彼は私のアイデアをパクった。(Kare wa watashi no aidea o pakutta.)
— He ripped off/stole my idea.

In formal or legal contexts, you might encounter 窃盗する (settou suru). This is the technical, legal term for 'committing theft.' You will see this in law books and official police documents. Another specific term is 横領する (ouryou suru), which means 'to embezzle'—stealing money or property that was entrusted to you, usually in a corporate or government setting.

Metaphorically, if someone 'steals' a show or 'steals' the limelight, you might use 独占する (dokusen suru - to monopolize) or さらう (sarau - to sweep away). For example, 'Ninki o sarau' means to sweep up all the popularity. These alternatives provide a richer emotional palette than the simple 'nusumu'. By learning when to use 'ubau' for tragedy, 'manbiki' for petty crime, and 'pakuru' for social faux pas, you significantly enhance your expressive range in Japanese.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The kanji 盗 consists of 次 (next) and 皿 (dish). One theory suggests it depicts someone wanting the 'next dish' so much they take it without asking.

发音指南

UK nu.su.mu

US nu.su.mu

Japanese uses pitch accent rather than stress. In 'nusumu', the pitch starts low and rises, staying high for the rest of the word (L-H-H).

押韵词

Susumu (to advance) Tsutsumu (to wrap) Musubu (to tie) Usumu (to thin out - rare) Kasumu (to grow hazy) Yasumu (to rest) Tanomu (to request) Yomu (to read)

常见错误

Pronouncing 'su' as 'shoo'. It should be a clear 's' sound.
Elongating the 'u' vowels like 'noo-soo-moo'. Japanese vowels are short.
Adding an English-style stress on the first syllable.
Confusing the pitch accent with 'nusumi' (noun).
Mumbling the final 'mu' so it sounds like 'm'.

难度评级

阅读 3/5

The kanji 盗 is N3 level, but the concept is learned early.

写作 3/5

The kanji has 11 strokes and requires care with the 'dish' radical.

口语 2/5

Pronunciation is simple and follows standard Godan patterns.

听力 2/5

Commonly heard in news, anime, and daily life.

接下来学什么

前置知识

取る (toru) - to take 物 (mono) - thing 人 (hito) - person 悪い (warui) - bad 警察 (keisatsu) - police

接下来学习

奪う (ubau) - to snatch 隠す (kakusu) - to hide 逃げる (nigeru) - to escape 捕まえる (tsukamaeru) - to catch 罪 (tsumi) - crime/sin

高级

横領 (ouryou) - embezzlement 剽窃 (hyousetsu) - plagiarism 背任 (hainin) - breach of trust 脆弱性 (zeijakusei) - vulnerability 著作権 (chosakuken) - copyright

需要掌握的语法

Passive Voice (Suffering)

私は泥棒に財布を盗まれた。

Volitional + to suru (Attempt)

彼は宝石を盗もうとした。

Te-form for sequence

お金を盗んで逃げた。

Potential Form

この鍵なら簡単に盗める。

Causative Form

彼は部下に金を盗ませた。

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按水平分级的例句

泥棒がパンを盗みました。

A thief stole some bread.

Simple polite past tense: nusumimasu -> nusumaremashita.

彼は私のお金を盗んだ。

He stole my money.

Casual past tense: nusunda.

リンゴを盗まないでください。

Please don't steal the apple.

Negative request: -nai de kudasai.

誰が私のペンを盗んだの？

Who stole my pen?

Question particle 'no' at the end of a casual sentence.

猫が魚を盗んで逃げた。

The cat stole the fish and ran away.

Te-form for sequence of actions: nusunde + nigeta.

おもちゃを盗むのは悪いです。

Stealing toys is bad.

Noun phrase: [Verb] no wa [Adjective] desu.

泥棒は鞄を盗みました。

The thief stole the bag.

Subject (dorobou) + Object (kaban) + Verb (nusumimashita).

私の靴を盗まないで！

Don't steal my shoes!

Casual negative command: -nai de.

駅で自転車を盗まれました。

My bicycle was stolen at the station.

Passive voice: nusumareru. Focuses on the victim's misfortune.

大切な書類を盗まれて困っています。

I'm in trouble because my important documents were stolen.

Passive Te-form + komatte iru (expressing trouble).

彼は店からお菓子を盗もうとした。

He tried to steal candy from the store.

Volitional form + to suru (attempting to do something).

泥棒にカメラを盗まれたことがありますか？

Have you ever had your camera stolen by a thief?

Passive past + koto ga arimasu ka (experience).

傘を盗まれないように名前を書きましょう。

Let's write your name so your umbrella doesn't get stolen.

Negative passive + you ni (in order not to).

誰かが私のアイデアを盗んだのかもしれない。

Someone might have stolen my idea.

Plain past + no kamoshirenai (possibility).

宝石を盗む泥棒がニュースに出ている。

The thief who steals jewels is on the news.

Relative clause: [Nusumu dorobou] ga...

彼は何も盗んでいないと言いました。

He said that he hasn't stolen anything.

Te-iru negative (continuous state/action) + to iimashita.

親の目を盗んで、夜中に家を出た。

Behind my parents' backs, I left the house in the middle of the night.

Idiom: 'me o nusumu' (to do something when someone isn't looking).

職人の技を盗むには、長い時間がかかる。

It takes a long time to 'steal' (learn by watching) a craftsman's skills.

Metaphorical use of 'nusumu' for learning.

彼は他人の作品を盗んで自分のものだと言った。

He stole someone else's work and said it was his own.

Describing plagiarism/intellectual theft.

パスワードを盗まれないように注意してください。

Please be careful not to have your password stolen.

Passive form used for digital security.

忙しい仕事の合間に、暇を盗んで本を読む。

In between busy work, I snatch (steal) some time to read books.

Idiom: 'hima o nusumu' (to find/make time).

その映画は私の心を盗んでしまった。

That movie completely stole my heart.

Metaphorical use for emotional impact.

彼はプログラミングのコードを盗んだ疑いがある。

He is suspected of stealing programming code.

Noun + no utagai ga aru (suspected of...).

誰にも見られずに、こっそり宝石を盗み出した。

Without being seen by anyone, he secretly stole the jewels.

Compound verb: nusumi-dasu.

彼女は観客の視線を盗むような見事な演技をした。

She gave a brilliant performance that seemed to steal the audience's gaze.

Metaphorical use in a descriptive context.

最新技術が海外の企業に盗まれるリスクがある。

There is a risk that the latest technology will be stolen by foreign companies.

Formal discussion of corporate risk.

彼は他人の手柄を盗むことで出世した。

He got promoted by stealing other people's credit.

Metaphorical theft of 'credit' or 'merit'.

情報を盗むために、彼はスパイとして潜入した。

In order to steal information, he went undercover as a spy.

Purpose clause with 'tame ni'.

盗まれた絵画は、数億円の価値があると言われている。

The stolen painting is said to be worth several hundred million yen.

Passive past as an adjective modifying a noun.

他人の秘密を盗み聞きするのは、マナー違反だ。

Eavesdropping on other people's secrets is a breach of manners.

Compound verb: nusumi-giki (eavesdropping).

彼は巧みな話術で、人々の信頼を盗み取った。

With his skillful speaking, he 'stole' (deceitfully gained) people's trust.

Compound verb: nusumi-toru (to steal away).

警察は、彼が車を盗んだという証拠を見つけた。

The police found evidence that he stole the car.

Appositive clause: [Verb] to iu [Noun].

その作家は、古典文学の文体を見事に盗んでいる。

That author has brilliantly 'stolen' (mastered/adopted) the style of classical literature.

Nusunde iru expressing a continuous state of mastery.

知的財産を盗む行為は、創造性を阻害する重大な問題だ。

The act of stealing intellectual property is a serious problem that hinders creativity.

Abstract noun phrase as a subject.

彼は混乱に乗じて、金庫から重要書類を盗み出した。

Taking advantage of the confusion, he stole important documents from the safe.

Ni joujite (taking advantage of).

歴史の中で、強国は弱国から富を盗み続けてきた。

Throughout history, powerful nations have continued to steal wealth from weaker nations.

V-tsuzukeru (continued action).

彼女の沈黙は、周囲の期待を盗むような冷たさがあった。

Her silence had a coldness that seemed to steal the expectations of those around her.

Advanced metaphorical description.

デジタル化によって、個人のアイデンティティを盗むことが容易になった。

Digitization has made it easier to steal personal identities.

Causality with 'ni yotte'.

彼が犯行に及んだのは、生活苦からパンを盗まざるを得なかったからだ。

He committed the crime because he was forced to steal bread due to poverty.

V-zaru o enai (cannot help but/forced to).

盗まれた時間を取り戻すことは、誰にもできない。

No one can take back stolen time.

Philosophical use of the passive voice.

権力者が国民の権利を盗むプロセスは、しばしば巧妙に隠蔽される。

The process by which those in power steal the rights of the people is often cleverly concealed.

Complex abstract subject and passive verb.

芸術における「盗む」という行為は、単なる模倣を超えた再解釈であるべきだ。

The act of 'stealing' in art should be a reinterpretation that transcends mere imitation.

Philosophical quote structure.

彼は、静寂を盗むかのように、一言も発せずに部屋を去った。

He left the room without a word, as if to steal the silence.

Simile with 'ka no you ni'.

情報の非対称性を利用して利益を盗む行為は、倫理的に許容されない。

The act of stealing profits by exploiting information asymmetry is ethically unacceptable.

Technical economic/ethical terminology.

歴史の闇に葬られた真実を盗み出すのは、考古学者の使命である。

It is the mission of archeologists to steal away the truth buried in the darkness of history.

Grand narrative structure.

AIが人間の仕事を盗むという懸念は、社会構造の変革を求めている。

Concerns that AI will steal human jobs are calling for a transformation of social structures.

Noun clause as a subject describing a social trend.

言語の壁を盗むことができれば、世界はより平和になるだろうか。

If we could 'steal' (remove/overcome) the language barrier, would the world be more peaceful?

Poetic/hypothetical use.

彼は、人生の最も輝かしい瞬間を、病によって盗まれてしまった。

His most brilliant moments in life were stolen from him by illness.

Passive voice expressing profound loss.

常见搭配

財布を盗む

心を盗む

技を盗む

目を盗む

宝石を盗む

車を盗む

アイデアを盗む

時間を盗む

情報を盗む

自転車を盗む

常用短语

盗み聞きする (nusumigiki suru)

— To eavesdrop or listen in on a conversation secretly.

隣の部屋の話を盗み聞きした。

盗み見る (nusumimiru)

— To steal a glance or look at something secretly.

彼女の手紙を盗み見てしまった。

盗み食いする (nusumigui suru)

— To sneak food or eat something without permission.

冷蔵庫のケーキを盗み食いした。

盗み撮りする (nusumidori suru)

— To take a photo or video secretly (often voyeuristic).

盗み撮りは犯罪です。

盗み出す (nusumidasu)

— To steal something and take it out of a building or area.

資料をこっそり盗み出した。

盗み取る (nusumitoru)

— To steal away or snatch something (can be abstract like trust).

敵の秘密を盗み取る。

盗み笑いする (nusumiwarai suru)

— To snicker or laugh secretly behind someone's back.

彼の失敗を見て、みんなが盗み笑いをした。

盗み歩き (nusumiaruki)

— To walk stealthily or creep around.

足音を立てずに盗み歩きする。

盗み読み (nusumiyomi)

— To read something without permission (like a diary).

妹の日記を盗み読みして怒られた。

盗難に遭う (tounan ni au)

— To suffer a theft or be a victim of a burglary.

旅行中に盗難に遭ってしまった。

容易混淆的词

盗む vs 取る (toru)

Toru is neutral 'to take'. Nusumu is 'to take without permission secretly'.

盗む vs 奪う (ubau)

Ubau is 'to take by force'. Nusumu is 'to take by stealth'.

盗む vs 貰う (morau)

Morau is 'to receive'. Never confuse receiving a gift with stealing!

习语与表达

"目を盗む (me o nusumu)"

— To do something when no one is looking or behind someone's back.

監視の目を盗んで逃亡した。

Neutral

"暇を盗む (hima o nusumu)"

— To snatch a few moments of spare time from a busy schedule.

家事の合間に暇を盗んで昼寝する。

Casual

"心を盗む (kokoro o nusumu)"

— To win someone's heart or make them fall in love with you.

あの俳優は、世界中の女性の心を盗んだ。

Literary/Romantic

"技を盗む (waza o nusumu)"

— To learn a skill or technique by watching a master closely.

見て覚えろ。師匠の技を盗むんだ。

Professional/Traditional

"手柄を盗む (tegara o nusumu)"

— To take credit for someone else's achievement.

彼は部下の手柄を盗む上司だ。

Neutral

"寝る間を盗む (neru ma o nusumu)"

— To steal time from sleep (to work or study extremely hard).

寝る間を盗んで受験勉強に励んだ。

Hardworking

"一目を盗む (hitome o nusumu)"

— To do something away from the public eye or people's notice.

二人は一目を盗んでデートを重ねた。

Neutral

"時間を盗む (jikan o nusumu)"

— To take up someone's time or find time in a busy day.

お忙しいところ、お時間を盗んで申し訳ありません。

Polite/Formal

"魂を盗む (tamashii o nusumu)"

— To captivate someone's soul or essence (often used in art).

その絵画は、見る者の魂を盗む力がある。

Literary

"情けを盗む (nasake o nusumu)"

— An archaic expression for having a secret love affair.

二人は情けを盗む仲だった。

Archaic/Literary

容易混淆

盗む vs 万引き (manbiki)

Both mean stealing.

Manbiki is specifically shoplifting from a commercial store. Nusumu is general theft.

店で盗むことは万引きと言います。

盗む vs 窃盗 (settou)

Both mean theft.

Settou is the formal/legal noun. Nusumu is the common verb.

窃盗罪で捕まった。

盗む vs 強盗 (guoutou)

Both involve thieves.

Guoutou is a 'robber' who uses threats or violence. Nusumu focuses on the act of stealing itself.

強盗が銀行に入った。

盗む vs 空き巣 (akisu)

Both involve theft.

Akisu is specifically a cat burglar who enters an empty house. Nusumu is the action they perform.

空き巣に宝石を盗まれた。

盗む vs スリ (suri)

Both involve theft.

Suri is a pickpocket. Nusumu is what the pickpocket does to your wallet.

電車の中でスリに財布を盗まれた。

句型

[Person] wa [Object] o nusumimasu.

彼はパンを盗みます。

[Object] o nusumaremashita.

自転車を盗まれました。

[Person] no me o nusunde [Action].

母の目を盗んでお菓子を食べた。

[Skill] o nusumu.

職人の技を盗む。

[Object] o nusumou to shite iru.

彼は情報を盗もうとしている。

[Object] o nusumi-dasu.

金庫から金を盗み出す。

[Object] o nusumareta utagai ga aru.

彼はデータを盗まれた疑いがある。

[Concept] o nusumu ka no you ni...

静寂を盗むかのように去った。

词族

名词

盗み (nusumi) - the act of stealing

泥棒 (dorobou) - thief

盗難 (tounan) - theft/burglary

窃盗 (settou) - larceny/legal theft

盗品 (touhin) - stolen goods

动词

盗み出す (nusumidasu) - to steal away

盗み見る (nusumimiru) - to steal a glance

盗み聞きする (nusumigiki suru) - to eavesdrop

盗み撮る (nusumidori suru) - to take a secret photo

形容词

盗みっぽい (nusumippoi) - thievish (rare)

盗まれた (nusumareta) - stolen (past participle used as adj)

如何使用

frequency

Very common in both literal and metaphorical contexts.

常见错误

Using 'nusumu' for 'to take' (neutral). → 取る (toru)
If you ask someone to 'nusumu' a pen for you, you are asking them to commit a crime. Use 'toru' for passing or taking items.
Saying 'Watashi no saifu ga nusumareta'. → 私は財布を盗まれた。
While both are possible, the second version (adversative passive) is much more natural when you are the one affected by the theft.
Confusing 'nusumu' with 'ubau'. → 盗む (secret) / 奪う (forceful)
If a pickpocket takes your money, it's 'nusumu'. If a mugger takes it, it's 'ubau'.
Writing the kanji 盗 with the wrong radical. → 盗 (uses 皿 at the bottom)
People often confuse the bottom part with other radicals. It must be 'dish' (皿).
Using 'nusumu' as a noun. → 盗み (nusumi) or 盗難 (tounan)
Nusumu is a verb. If you need a noun, use the -i stem or a dedicated noun compound.

小贴士

Master the Passive

In Japanese, the victim is usually the subject of a theft sentence. Instead of 'A thief stole my bag,' say 'I had my bag stolen' (Watashi wa kaban o nusumareta).

Learn Metaphors

Don't just learn 'nusumu' for crime. Learn 'kokoro o nusumu' (steal a heart) and 'waza o nusumu' (learn by watching) to sound more advanced.

Kanji Breakdown

Remember the 'dish' (皿) at the bottom of 盗. Thieves in the old days would steal valuable plates!

Register Awareness

Use 'nusumaremashita' when talking to police. It shows you are a polite victim and respects the gravity of the situation.

Compound Verbs

When you hear 'nusumi-', expect a sneaky action. 'Nusumigiki' is eavesdropping, 'nusumigui' is sneaking food.

Safety First

Even though Japan is safe, you'll see '盗難注意' (Watch out for theft) signs. Knowing this word helps you stay alert.

Nuance Check

Avoid using 'nusumu' if someone took something by mistake. Use 'machigaete motte itta' (took it by mistake) instead.

New Soup Moo

Remember: NU-SU-MU. 'New Soup Moo'. A cow stealing new soup. It's silly, but it sticks!

Avoid Accusations

Never say 'Nusunda desho?' (You stole it, right?) unless you are 100% sure. It's a massive social taboo to accuse someone of theft in Japan.

Pakuru for Ideas

In the world of social media, use 'pakuru' to talk about people stealing content or memes.

记住它

记忆技巧

Imagine a thief sneaking into a house to steal a 'NEW SOUP MOO' (Nusumu). He wants the NEW SOUP from the MOOing cow.

视觉联想

Picture the kanji 盗 as a person standing 'NEXT' (次) to a 'DISH' (皿) and putting it in their bag secretly.

Word Web

Thief (Dorobou) Wallet (Saifu) Secret (Naisho) Police (Keisatsu) Caught (Tsukamaeta) Victim (Higaisha) Jewel (Houseki) Night (Yoru)

挑战

Try to use 'nusumu' in three different ways today: once for a physical object, once for 'stealing a look,' and once in the passive voice.

词源

The word 'nusumu' comes from Old Japanese. It is believed to be related to the word 'nusu', an ancient root meaning 'hidden' or 'secret'.

原始含义： To take something by stealth or in a hidden manner. The focus has always been on the secrecy of the act.

Japonic (Japanese)

文化背景

Be careful when using this word around others; accusing someone of 'nusumu' is a very serious social insult in Japan.

In English, 'steal' can be used lightheartedly (e.g., 'steal a kiss'), but in Japanese, 盗む is generally more serious unless used in specific idioms.

Lupin III (怪盗ルパン三世) - Famous anime about a thief. Kaito Kid (怪盗キッド) - A rival character in Detective Conan. The movie 'Shoplifters' (万引き家族) - Explores the nuances of theft and family.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Police Station

財布を盗まれました。
どこで盗まれたか分かりません。
盗難届を出したいです。
犯人の顔は見ませんでした。

Workplace

先輩の技術を盗む。
アイデアを盗まれた。
機密情報を盗む。
手柄を盗まないで。

School

消しゴムを盗まれた。
答えを盗み見る。
給食を盗み食いする。
先生の目を盗んで遊ぶ。

Crime Drama

宝石を盗み出す計画。
彼はプロの泥棒だ。
盗まれた金はどこだ？
証拠を盗み撮りした。

Digital Safety

パスワードを盗む。
個人情報を盗まれる。
アカウントを盗まれた。
データを盗み出す。

对话开场白

"日本で何かを盗まれたことがありますか？ (Have you ever had anything stolen in Japan?)"

"「技を盗む」という考え方についてどう思いますか？ (What do you think about the concept of 'stealing a technique'?)"

"泥棒が出てくる映画で一番好きなのは何ですか？ (What is your favorite movie featuring a thief?)"

"もし誰かがあなたのアイデアを盗んだら、どうしますか？ (What would you do if someone stole your idea?)"

"子供の頃、何かを盗み食いしたことがありますか？ (Did you ever sneak/steal food when you were a child?)"

日记主题

最近、誰かの「目を盗んで」何かをした経験を書いてください。 (Write about a recent experience where you did something 'behind someone's back'.)

「技を盗む」ことと「教わる」ことの違いについて自分の意見を述べてください。 (State your opinion on the difference between 'stealing a technique' and 'being taught'.)

もし自分が怪盗だったら、何を盗みたいですか？その理由も書いてください。 (If you were a phantom thief, what would you want to steal? Write the reason as well.)

盗難を防ぐために、普段どのようなことに気をつけていますか？ (What do you usually pay attention to in order to prevent theft?)

「心を盗む」という表現を使って、短い物語を作ってください。 (Create a short story using the expression 'to steal a heart'.)

常见问题

10 个问题

Yes, 'kisu o nusumu' is possible, but it sounds a bit more literal or dramatic than the English equivalent. It implies a secret or sneaky kiss.

Use the passive form: 'Jitensha o nusumaremashita.' This is the most common way to express it as a victim.

Usually yes, but in the context of 'waza o nusumu' (stealing a technique), it is seen as a positive sign of a diligent student.

Nusumu is the standard word. Pakuru is slang, often used for plagiarism or ripping off someone's idea or style.

Yes, 'hima o nusumu' means to find or snatch a little bit of free time in a busy schedule.

The kanji is 盗. It consists of 'next' (次) on top and 'dish' (皿) on the bottom.

It is a transitive verb (他動詞), meaning it takes an object marked with 'o'.

Since it is a 'mu' verb, the 'mu' changes to 'nda'. So, 'nusumu' becomes 'nusunda'.

You would say 'nusumimasu,' though it's rare to announce your intention to steal politely!

The noun form is 'nusumi' (the act of stealing) or 'tounan' (theft/burglary).

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