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A2 verb #2,200 最常用 8分钟阅读

到着する

touchaku suru
At the A1 level, learners are just beginning to navigate the Japanese language. While 到着する (touchaku suru) is technically an A2 word, A1 learners might encounter it on signs or hear it in automated announcements. At this stage, the focus is usually on the simpler synonym 着く (tsuku). However, recognizing the kanji 到着 on a train station display or an airport monitor is a highly practical survival skill. A1 learners should focus on understanding that when they hear 'touchaku', it means something is arriving. They do not need to master the conjugation yet, but associating the sound with the concept of 'arrival' is beneficial for travel. Simple phrases like 'バスが到着します' (The bus will arrive) are good listening practice. The primary goal at A1 is passive recognition in highly contextualized public spaces.
At the A2 level, 到着する becomes an active part of the learner's vocabulary. Learners are expected to understand and use this word in practical, everyday situations, particularly related to travel, transportation, and scheduling. They should know how to conjugate it as a standard suru-verb (到着します, 到着して, 到着した) and correctly pair it with the destination particle に (ni). A2 learners can use this word to talk about their travel itineraries, such as '何時に東京に到着しますか' (What time will you arrive in Tokyo?). They should also be able to read the kanji 到着 in common contexts like train schedules and delivery notices. Understanding the difference in formality between 到着する and 着く is a key competency at this level, allowing learners to choose the appropriate word for public vs. private situations.
For B1 learners, the usage of 到着する expands into more complex sentence structures and professional contexts. Learners at this level can comfortably use the word in relative clauses, such as '到着する時間は３時です' (The arriving time is 3 o'clock). They are also expected to understand passive and causative forms, though they are less common with this specific verb. B1 learners will encounter 到着する frequently in business emails, customer service interactions, and news reports. They should be able to express conditions and sequences, like '到着したら、電話してください' (When you arrive, please call me). Furthermore, B1 learners should have a solid grasp of related compound nouns, such as 到着便 (touchakubin - arriving flight) and 到着予定 (touchaku yotei - estimated arrival), using them fluidly in conversation and writing.
At the B2 level, learners possess a nuanced understanding of 到着する and can use it effortlessly in both formal and informal settings. They are highly sensitive to register and will naturally select 到着する over 着く when speaking to superiors, clients, or in public speaking scenarios. B2 learners can understand rapid, complex announcements at train stations and airports without hesitation. They also use the word in abstract or metaphorical ways occasionally, although they know that words like 到達する are generally better for abstract goals. In written Japanese, they can compose formal business emails confirming the arrival of goods or personnel using appropriate keigo (honorifics) combined with 到着, such as '商品が到着いたしました' (The goods have arrived). Their comprehension of the word is fully integrated into their overall fluency.
C1 learners demonstrate near-native mastery of 到着する. They understand the subtle etymological roots of the kanji and how they influence the word's formal tone. At this level, learners can easily comprehend and produce highly formal public announcements, legal documents, and advanced literature where 到着 is used. They are adept at using it in complex grammatical structures, such as expressing counterfactuals or highly specific logistical conditions. C1 learners also understand regional variations or specific industry jargon that incorporates the word. They can effortlessly switch between 到着する, 着く, 到達する, and other synonyms based on the microscopic nuances of the situation, ensuring their Japanese is not only grammatically correct but stylistically impeccable and culturally appropriate.
At the C2 level, the learner's command of 到着する is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker. They can analyze the word's usage in classical literature, historical texts, or highly specialized academic papers. C2 learners understand the sociolinguistic implications of choosing 到着 over other synonyms in complex diplomatic or corporate negotiations. They can creatively manipulate the word in writing, perhaps using it for poetic effect or in sophisticated wordplay. Their understanding goes beyond mere definition and grammar; it encompasses the entire cultural and historical weight of the concept of 'arrival' in Japanese society, including its use in idiomatic expressions, traditional poetry, and modern media. They use it with absolute precision and elegance.
开始练习 例句 笔记与提示

到着する 30秒了解

  • Means 'to arrive' or 'to reach'.
  • Formal alternative to 着く (tsuku).
  • Used with the particle に (ni).
  • Common in travel and logistics.
The Japanese verb 到着する (touchaku suru) is a fundamental vocabulary word that translates to 'to arrive' or 'to reach' a destination. It is an essential term for anyone traveling to or living in Japan, as it is frequently used in transportation, logistics, and formal communications. Understanding the nuances of this word is vital for mastering Japanese at the A2 level and beyond. The word is composed of two kanji: 到 (tou), which means 'to reach' or 'arrive', and 着 (chaku), which means 'to arrive' or 'to wear'. When combined, they form the noun 到着 (touchaku), meaning 'arrival'. By adding the irregular verb する (suru), meaning 'to do', it becomes the verb 到着する.

電車が駅に到着する。

This sentence translates to 'The train arrives at the station.' Notice the use of the particle に (ni) to indicate the specific destination of the arrival.
Kanji Breakdown
到 (tou) - reach, arrive. 着 (chaku) - arrive, wear.
When comparing 到着する to its more casual counterpart, 着く (tsuku), it is important to note the difference in formality and context. 着く is commonly used in everyday conversation among friends and family, whereas 到着する is preferred in official announcements, business settings, and written Japanese. Furthermore, 到着する is often used in compound words and specific phrases, such as 到着時刻 (touchaku jikoku - arrival time) and 到着ロビー (touchaku robii - arrival lobby).

荷物が明日到着する予定です。

This means 'The package is scheduled to arrive tomorrow.' Here, the word is used in the context of shipping and logistics, which is one of its most common applications.
Formality Level
到着する is considered formal and polite, suitable for business and public announcements.
It is also crucial to understand the antonym of 到着する, which is 出発する (shuppatsu suru), meaning 'to depart'. These two words are often learned together as a pair.

飛行機が定刻通りに到着する。

'The airplane arrives on time.' Mastering 到着する will significantly improve your listening comprehension in public spaces in Japan.

無事に到着することを祈っています。

'I pray that you arrive safely.'
Usage Context
Transportation, shipping, travel, and formal events.

目的地に到着する。

'To arrive at the destination.' Overall, 到着する is an indispensable verb that bridges the gap between basic survival Japanese and more advanced, formal communication.
Using 到着する correctly involves understanding its conjugation as a suru-verb and the specific particles that accompany it. Because it is a noun combined with する, its conjugation follows the standard rules for irregular verbs. The polite non-past form is 到着します (touchaku shimasu), the te-form is 到着して (touchaku shite), and the plain past form is 到着した (touchaku shita).

バスがまもなく到着する。

The most important particle to use with 到着する is に (ni), which marks the destination or the point of arrival. For example, 東京に到着する (Tokyo ni touchaku suru) means 'to arrive in Tokyo'. Occasionally, the particle へ (e) can also be used to emphasize the direction of the arrival, though に is much more common and generally preferred for specific endpoints.
Particle Usage
Always use に (ni) to indicate the destination of arrival.
Another crucial aspect of using 到着する is its application in relative clauses and noun modification. For instance, 到着する時間 (touchaku suru jikan) means 'the time of arrival'. In business contexts, you might use the humble form if you are talking about your own arrival to a client's office, though simply using the polite します is usually sufficient for A2 learners.

ホテルに到着するのが遅れました。

'My arrival at the hotel was delayed.'
Conjugation
到着しない (negative), 到着すれば (conditional), 到着しよう (volitional).
It is also common to see 到着 used as a standalone noun, especially in written notices or digital interfaces. For example, a delivery tracking app might simply display '到着' to indicate that a package has been delivered.

空港に到着する前に連絡してください。

'Please contact me before you arrive at the airport.'

予定通りに到着する。

'To arrive on schedule.'
Adverbial Modifiers
Words like 無事に (safely) or 定刻に (on time) frequently precede the verb.

手紙が到着する。

'The letter arrives.' By mastering these grammatical structures and particle associations, learners can confidently use 到着する in a wide variety of practical, real-world situations.
The verb 到着する is ubiquitous in Japan, particularly in environments related to travel, logistics, and formal broadcasting. One of the most common places you will hear this word is at train stations. Japan's highly efficient railway system relies on precise scheduling, and automated announcements frequently use 到着する to inform passengers of incoming trains.

まもなく一番線に電車が到着する。

'A train will soon arrive at track one.'
Train Stations
Listen for automated voices saying '到着いたします' (touchaku itashimasu), the extra-modest form.
Airports are another primary location where 到着する is heavily used. Flight arrival announcements, digital display boards, and baggage claim areas all utilize this vocabulary. In the realm of e-commerce and mail delivery, 到着する is the standard term used to describe the delivery of a package. When you track a parcel online, the status will often update to '到着' once it has reached your local post office or your home.

ご注文の商品が到着するまでお待ちください。

'Please wait until your ordered goods arrive.'
Delivery Services
Used in tracking apps and delivery confirmation emails.
In business settings, 到着する is used to confirm the arrival of clients, documents, or colleagues. It projects a professional tone that is expected in corporate Japan.

社長が会議室に到着する。

'The president arrives at the meeting room.' You will also encounter this word in navigation apps like Google Maps, which might announce '目的地に到着しました' (You have arrived at your destination).

船が港に到着する。

'The ship arrives at the port.'
Navigation Apps
GPS systems use this word to signal the end of a journey.

春が到着する。

While rarely used for seasons (where 来る is better), it highlights the physical movement aspect. Recognizing 到着する in these various contexts is a major milestone for learners navigating daily life in Japan.
While 到着する is a relatively straightforward verb, learners often make a few specific mistakes regarding its usage, particle pairing, and nuance. The most frequent error is using the direct object particle を (wo) instead of the destination particle に (ni). Because 'to reach' in English can take a direct object (e.g., 'reach the station'), English speakers instinctively want to say 駅を到着する. This is grammatically incorrect in Japanese.

❌ 駅を到着する。 ⭕ 駅に到着する。

Particle Error
到着する is intransitive; it cannot take the を particle.
Another common mistake is overusing 到着する in casual conversations. While not grammatically wrong, saying 友達の家に到着した (I arrived at my friend's house) sounds overly stiff and formal. In such casual contexts, the verb 着く (tsuku) is much more natural. Learners also sometimes confuse 到着する with 出発する (shuppatsu suru - to depart) due to learning them at the same time. Memorizing the kanji can help prevent this mix-up.

荷物がまだ到着するない。

This highlights a conjugation error. The correct negative form is 到着しない (touchaku shinai).
Conjugation Error
Do not treat it as an u-verb or ru-verb; it is strictly a suru-verb.
Furthermore, 到着する is generally used for physical arrivals (people, vehicles, packages). Using it for abstract concepts, such as 'arriving at a conclusion', is unnatural. For abstract arrivals, verbs like 達する (tassuru - to reach) or 至る (itaru - to arrive at a decision) are appropriate.

結論に到着するのは不自然です。

'It is unnatural to use touchaku suru for reaching a conclusion.'

東京駅に無事に到着する。

'To arrive safely at Tokyo Station.'
Nuance
Implies a completed journey from point A to point B.

時間通りに到着することが重要です。

'Arriving on time is important.' By avoiding these common pitfalls, learners can sound much more natural and accurate.
The Japanese language offers several words that share the meaning of 'to arrive' or 'to reach', each with its own specific nuance and appropriate context. The most direct synonym for 到着する is 着く (tsuku). As mentioned previously, 着く is the casual, everyday equivalent of 到着する. You would use 着く when texting a friend to say 'I'm here!' (着いたよ！ - tsuita yo!).

駅に到着する vs 駅に着く。

Both mean 'arrive at the station', but the former is formal and the latter is casual.
着く (tsuku)
Casual, everyday word for arriving. Very common in spoken Japanese.
Another related word is 到達する (toutatsu suru). While it also means 'to reach' or 'to arrive', 到達する carries a strong nuance of achieving a goal, reaching a certain level, or arriving at a destination after a long and arduous journey. It is often used for abstract concepts or extreme physical feats, like reaching the summit of a mountain.

目標に到達する vs 目的地に到着する。

'Reach a goal' vs 'Arrive at a destination.'
到達する (toutatsu suru)
To reach a goal, a level, or a difficult destination.
The verb 来る (kuru - to come) is also related, but it describes movement toward the speaker, whereas 到着する focuses purely on the event of reaching the endpoint, regardless of the speaker's location.

彼がここに到着する。

'He arrives here.'

台風が日本に上陸する。

'The typhoon makes landfall in Japan.'
至る (itaru)
To arrive at a decision or an abstract state.

結論に至る。

'To arrive at a conclusion.' Understanding these synonyms allows learners to choose the most precise word for their intended meaning, elevating their Japanese proficiency.

How Formal Is It?

难度评级

需要掌握的语法

按水平分级的例句

1

バスが到着します。

The bus arrives.

Polite form of the verb.

2

電車が到着する。

The train arrives.

Dictionary form.

3

荷物が到着しました。

The package arrived.

Past polite form.

4

ここに到着します。

Arrive here.

Using particle に for destination.

5

明日到着します。

Will arrive tomorrow.

Time word without particle.

6

到着は３時です。

Arrival is at 3 o'clock.

Using 到着 as a noun.

7

飛行機が到着した。

The airplane arrived.

Past plain form.

8

駅に到着します。

Arrive at the station.

Destination particle に.

1

何時に東京に到着しますか。

What time will you arrive in Tokyo?

Question sentence with time and destination.

2

ホテルに到着してから、電話します。

I will call after arriving at the hotel.

Te-form + kara (after doing).

3

予定通りに到着しました。

Arrived on schedule.

Adverbial phrase 予定通りに.

4

空港に到着するのが遅れました。

My arrival at the airport was delayed.

Nominalizing the verb with の.

5

無事に到着してよかったです。

I'm glad you arrived safely.

Te-form + yokatta (glad that...).

6

荷物がまだ到着していません。

The package has not arrived yet.

Te-iru negative form for current state.

7

到着ロビーで待っています。

I am waiting in the arrival lobby.

Compound noun 到着ロビー.

8

次の駅に到着する前に教えてください。

Please tell me before we arrive at the next station.

Dictionary form + mae ni (before).

1

台風の影響で、列車の到着が大幅に遅れています。

Due to the typhoon, the train's arrival is significantly delayed.

Noun form used as subject.

2

商品が到着次第、ご連絡いたします。

We will contact you as soon as the product arrives.

Noun + 次第 (as soon as).

3

目的地に到着するまで、あと３時間かかります。

It will take 3 more hours until we arrive at the destination.

Dictionary form + made (until).

4

無事に到着されたようで、安心いたしました。

I am relieved to hear that you seem to have arrived safely.

Passive form used for honorifics (sonkeigo).

5

到着時刻が変更になる場合がございます。

The arrival time may be subject to change.

Formal business expression.

6

彼が到着するのを待ってから会議を始めましょう。

Let's start the meeting after waiting for him to arrive.

Nominalization with の as object of 待つ.

7

予定より早く到着してしまった。

I ended up arriving earlier than planned.

Te-form + shimau (unintended action).

8

到着したばかりで、まだ何もわかりません。

I just arrived, so I don't know anything yet.

Ta-form + bakari (just finished doing).

1

ご到着の際は、フロントまでお声がけください。

Upon your arrival, please speak to the front desk.

Honorific prefix ご + noun + の際 (when).

2

悪天候のため、飛行機が別の空港に到着を余儀なくされた。

Due to bad weather, the airplane was forced to arrive at a different airport.

Noun + を余儀なくされる (forced to).

3

先遣隊が現地に到着し、救援活動を開始した。

The advance team arrived on site and began rescue operations.

Stem form (到着し) used for formal conjunction.

4

荷物の到着が確認でき次第、発送手続きに入ります。

As soon as the arrival of the package is confirmed, we will begin shipping procedures.

Noun + が確認でき次第.

5

彼の到着をもって、本日のプログラムはすべて終了となります。

With his arrival, all of today's programs will conclude.

Noun + をもって (with, by means of).

6

定刻通りに到着するよう、万全の準備を整えております。

We are making thorough preparations to ensure we arrive on time.

Dictionary form + よう (so that).

7

到着が遅延したことに対し、深くお詫び申し上げます。

We deeply apologize for the delay in arrival.

Noun clause + に対し (regarding).

8

無事に到着しさえすれば、あとは何とかなる。

As long as we arrive safely, we can manage the rest.

Stem + さえすれば (as long as).

1

要人が空港に到着するや否や、記者たちが群がった。

As soon as the VIP arrived at the airport, reporters swarmed.

Dictionary form + や否や (as soon as).

2

商品の到着如何によっては、計画の変更も辞さない。

Depending on the arrival of the goods, we are ready to change the plan.

Noun + 如何によっては (depending on).

3

現地への到着を以て、任務完了とみなす。

Arrival at the site shall be deemed the completion of the mission.

Noun + を以て (by, with).

4

遅滞なく到着せしめるよう、最大限の努力を払う所存です。

We intend to make the utmost effort to ensure it arrives without delay.

Causative form (せしめる) in highly formal context.

5

到着の報に接し、安堵の胸をなでおろした。

Upon receiving news of the arrival, I breathed a sigh of relief.

Noun + の報に接し (upon receiving news of).

6

いかなる事態が生じようとも、期日までに到着させねばならない。

No matter what happens, we must make it arrive by the deadline.

Causative + ねばならない (must).

7

彼の到着が遅れたのは、不可抗力によるものと推察される。

It is presumed that his delayed arrival was due to force majeure.

Noun clause + によるものと推察される.

8

無事到着の暁には、盛大な祝賀会を催そう。

When you arrive safely, let's hold a grand celebration.

Noun + の暁には (upon the successful completion of).

1

使節団の到着は、両国関係における新たな時代の幕開けを象徴していた。

The arrival of the delegation symbolized the dawn of a new era in bilateral relations.

Noun used in complex abstract subject.

2

物資の到着が一日遅れれば、それは即ち死活問題に直結する。

If the arrival of supplies is delayed by even one day, it directly becomes a matter of life and death.

Conditional ba-form in high-stakes context.

3

予定時刻に到着し得なかった責任は、ひとえに我々にある。

The responsibility for failing to arrive at the scheduled time lies entirely with us.

Stem + 得ない (cannot) in past formal.

4

彼がいつ到着しようが、我々の決意が揺らぐことはない。

No matter when he arrives, our resolve will not waver.

Volitional + が (no matter).

5

到着の遅れを挽回すべく、一行は夜を徹して進んだ。

In order to make up for the delayed arrival, the party traveled through the night.

Noun + を挽回すべく (in order to recover).

6

無事到着せりとの一報が入り、場内は歓喜に包まれた。

Upon receiving the report that they had arrived safely, the hall was enveloped in joy.

Classical auxiliary verb り used for past/completion in formal reporting.

7

到着を待ちわびる群衆の熱気は、最高潮に達していた。

The excitement of the crowd eagerly awaiting the arrival had reached its peak.

Noun + を待ちわびる (eagerly await).

8

いまだ到着せざる救援部隊を待ちつつ、彼らは最後の防衛線を死守した。

While waiting for the rescue troops that had not yet arrived, they defended the final line to the death.

Classical negative ざる modifying a noun.

常见搭配

駅に到着する
無事に到着する
定刻に到着する
予定通りに到着する
空港に到着する
荷物が到着する
遅れて到着する
先に到着する
到着が遅れる
到着を待つ

常用短语

まもなく到着します

到着予定時刻

到着ロビー

到着便

ご到着

無事到着

到着次第

到着が遅れております

到着をお待ちしております

到着を確認する

容易混淆的词

到着する vs 出発する (to depart) - Antonym, often learned together.

到着する vs 着く (to arrive) - Casual synonym.

到着する vs 到達する (to reach) - Used for goals or difficult journeys.

习语与表达

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

容易混淆

到着する vs

到着する vs

到着する vs

到着する vs

到着する vs

句型

如何使用

nuance

Implies a completed physical journey.

formality

High. Suitable for public and professional use.

limitations

Not used for abstract concepts like 'arriving at a conclusion'.

常见错误
  • Using を instead of に (e.g., 駅を到着する).
  • Using it for abstract concepts (e.g., 結論に到着する).
  • Using it in overly casual situations where 着く is better.
  • Conjugating it incorrectly (e.g., 到着らない).
  • Confusing it with 出発する (to depart).

小贴士

Particle に

Always use に to mark the destination. 駅に到着する.

Formal vs Casual

Use 到着する for formal situations. Use 着く for casual chats.

Train Announcements

Listen for 'まもなく到着します' on Japanese trains. It means 'arriving soon'.

Noun Form

到着 can be used as a noun. Example: 到着を待つ (wait for the arrival).

Kanji Meaning

到 means reach, 着 means arrive. Together they strongly emphasize reaching the end.

Learn with 出発

Learn 到着 (arrival) and 出発 (departure) together as a pair.

Business Emails

Use 到着いたしました to politely confirm you received a package or arrived at a meeting.

Airport Signs

Look for the kanji 到着 at airports to find the arrivals area.

Suru Verb

Remember it conjugates like する. しない, します, して, した.

Physical Movement

Only use it for physical arrivals, not abstract conclusions.

记住它

记忆技巧

A TOE (到) wearing CHALK (着) arrives at the finish line. Toe-chaku = arrive.

词源

Sino-Japanese (Kango).

文化背景

Japanese delivery services (Takuhaibin) are highly precise with their 到着 estimates.

Trains in Japan are famous for their exact 到着時刻 (arrival times).

Automated voices using 到着する are a ubiquitous part of the Japanese soundscape.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"何時に到着する予定ですか？ (What time do you plan to arrive?)"

"無事に到着しましたか？ (Did you arrive safely?)"

"到着したら連絡してください。 (Please contact me when you arrive.)"

"飛行機の到着が遅れています。 (The flight's arrival is delayed.)"

"ホテルにはもう到着しましたか？ (Have you arrived at the hotel yet?)"

日记主题

Write about a time you arrived late to an important event. Use 到着する.

Describe your arrival at your favorite vacation destination.

Write a short schedule for a trip, noting the departure and arrival times.

Explain how you track a package until it arrives at your house.

Write a fictional train announcement using 到着する.

常见问题

10 个问题

No, 到着する is an intransitive verb. You must use に or へ to mark the destination. For example, 駅に到着する, not 駅を到着する.

到着する is formal and often used in announcements, business, and writing. 着く is casual and used in everyday conversation. Both mean 'to arrive'.

It is a Group 3 (irregular) verb because it is formed by adding する to the noun 到着. It conjugates exactly like する.

You can say 到着時間 (touchaku jikan) or 到着時刻 (touchaku jikoku). The latter is slightly more formal and precise.

It is unnatural to say 春が到着する. For seasons or abstract concepts, it is better to use 来る (kuru - to come) or 訪れる (otozureru - to visit).

The direct antonym is 出発する (shuppatsu suru), which means 'to depart'. They are often used together in schedules.

You can use the passive form 到着される or add the honorific prefix 'go' to the noun and use a formal verb, like ご到着になります.

到着便 (touchakubin) refers to an arriving flight. You will see this term frequently on airport display boards.

Yes, this means 'just arrived'. The ta-form of the verb plus ばかり indicates an action that has just been completed.

While they will understand you, it sounds a bit stiff. It is much more natural to text '着いたよ' (tsuita yo - I arrived) to a friend.

自我测试 180 个问题

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

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