B1 Passive & Reported Speech 1 min read 中等

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Indirect speech lets you report what someone else said by embedding their words into your own sentence using specific suffixes.

  • Use the verb 'деді' (said) or 'сұрады' (asked) at the end of the sentence.
  • The reported statement often takes the accusative or dative case depending on the verb.
  • Pronouns change from first/second person to third person to match the reporter's perspective.
Subject + (Reported Clause) + деп + Verb (деді/айтты)

Reported Speech Formation

Original Reported Form Reporting Verb
Мен барамын
Ол баратынын
айтты
Мен келдім
Ол келгенін
айтты
Мен оқимын
Ол оқитынын
деді

Meanings

Indirect speech is used to convey the content of someone else's statement without quoting them word-for-word.

1

Reporting statements

Conveying facts or opinions stated by others.

“Ол оқитынын айтты.”

“Олар кеш келетінін хабарлады.”

Reference Table

Reference table for Indirect Speech
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Verb+Participle+Possessive+Айтты
Ол келетінін айтты
Negative
Verb+Neg+Participle+Possessive+Айтты
Ол келмейтінін айтты
Question
Verb+Question+Деп+Сұрады
Ол келе ме деп сұрады

正式程度

正式
Ол келетінін мәлімдеді.

Ол келетінін мәлімдеді. (Reporting arrival)

中性
Ол келетінін айтты.

Ол келетінін айтты. (Reporting arrival)

非正式
Ол келем деді.

Ол келем деді. (Reporting arrival)

俚语
Келем деп жатыр.

Келем деп жатыр. (Reporting arrival)

Indirect Speech Map

Indirect Speech

Verbs

  • айтты said

按水平分级的例句

1

Ол келді деді.

He said he came.

1

Ол оқитынын айтты.

He said he would study.

1

Ол маған кеше келгенін айтты.

He told me he came yesterday.

1

Ол жұмысты бітіргенін хабарлады.

He reported that he had finished the work.

1

Ол өзінің қателік жасағанын мойындады.

He admitted that he had made a mistake.

1

Ол бұл мәселенің шешілмегенін баса айтты.

He emphasized that this issue remained unsolved.

容易混淆

Indirect Speech 对比 Direct vs Indirect

Mixing quotes with indirect structure.

常见错误

Ол айтты мен барамын.

Ол баратынын айтты.

Direct speech order is wrong.

Ол келді деп айтты.

Ол келгенін айтты.

Need participle for object.

Ол келеді айтты.

Ол келетінін айтты.

Missing case suffix.

Ол келеді деп сұрады.

Ол келе ме деп сұрады.

Question needs interrogative particle.

句型

Ол ___ айтты.

Real World Usage

Texting constant

Ол келемін деп жазды.

💡

Pronoun shift

Always check if the pronoun needs to change from 'I' to 'He/She'.

Smart Tips

Change pronouns.

Ол 'мен барамын' деді. Ол баратынын айтты.

发音

Ayt-ty (falling)

Intonation

The reporting verb usually has a falling intonation.

Reporting

Ол келетінін айтты ↓

Statement of fact

记住它

记忆技巧

Remember: 'Reported' means 'Shift the person'.

视觉联想

Imagine a telephone game where the message changes from 'I' to 'He'.

Rhyme

He said he would, he said he could, use the participle as you should.

Story

A man says 'I am hungry'. His friend tells his mom. The mom asks what he said. The friend says: 'He said he is hungry'.

Word Web

айттыдедісұрадыдепкелетінінбілдім

挑战

Report three things your friend told you today in Kazakh.

文化笔记

Indirect speech is preferred in formal settings to maintain politeness.

Derived from the verb 'де' (to say).

对话开场白

Ол не деді?

日记主题

Write about what your teacher said today.

常见错误

Incorrect

正确


Incorrect

正确


Incorrect

正确


Incorrect

正确

Test Yourself

Fill in the blank.

Ол ___ айтты.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Needs participle.

Score: /1

练习题

1 exercises
Fill in the blank.

Ол ___ айтты.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Needs participle.

Score: /1

常见问题 (1)

Only for direct speech.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

English moderate

He said that he would come.

Kazakh uses participles instead of 'that'.

Spanish moderate

Dijo que vendría.

Kazakh uses nominalization.

French moderate

Il a dit qu'il viendrait.

Kazakh uses participles.

German moderate

Er sagte, dass er kommen würde.

Kazakh word order.

Japanese high

Kuru to itta.

Very similar structure.

Chinese low

Ta shuo ta hui lai.

No case suffixes.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

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