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B1 noun 10分钟阅读

묘지

myoji
例句 묘지 30秒了解
解析 묘지 in your Level:
At the A1 level, you should learn '묘지' as a simple noun meaning 'cemetery'. You don't need to worry about the complex Hanja or the subtle cultural differences between '산소' and '묘지' yet. Focus on the fact that it is a place where we remember people who have passed away. You will mostly see this word in basic vocabulary lists or perhaps in a simple story about a town. A1 learners should practice using it with the particle '-에' to say things like 'I go to the cemetery' (묘지에 가요). It is helpful to know that this is a place found in almost every city. You might also see it on a map. Think of it as a park, but for remembering people. At this stage, just being able to recognize the word and associate it with the English word 'cemetery' is a great start. Try to remember the sound 'myo-ji'.
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At the A2 level, you can start using '묘지' in slightly more complex sentences. You might talk about *when* people go to the cemetery, such as during holidays. You can learn the phrase '묘지에 가다' (to go to the cemetery) and '묘지가 크다' (the cemetery is big). You should also begin to notice that Korean cemeteries often look different from Western ones, often featuring mounds of earth. At this level, you might encounter the word in a simple dialogue about family traditions. You can also start to learn related basic words like '꽃' (flower) to say 'I put flowers at the cemetery' (묘지에 꽃을 놓아요). Understanding that '묘지' is a noun that describes a location will help you use it with various action verbs. It is also a good time to distinguish it from '공원' (park), as some cemeteries in Korea are called '공원묘지'.
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At the B1 level, you should understand the cultural significance of '묘지' in Korea. This is the level where you learn about '성묘' (visiting ancestral graves) and '벌초' (trimming the grass at a grave). You should be able to explain why people visit the 묘지 during Chuseok or Seollal. You can also start to use more descriptive adjectives like '조용한' (quiet), '오래된' (old), or '아름다운' (beautiful) to describe a cemetery. B1 learners should also be aware of the word '산소', which is used more commonly in personal family contexts, whereas '묘지' is more general or formal. You might read short articles about how cemeteries are managed or the history of a famous person's 묘지. Practice using '묘지' in sentences that explain reasons, such as '가족들이 모여서 묘지에 갔어요' (The family gathered and went to the cemetery).
At the B2 level, you are expected to understand the societal issues related to '묘지'. This includes topics like '묘지 부족' (cemetery shortage) and the transition from traditional burial to cremation ('화장'). You should be able to discuss the pros and cons of different burial methods in Korean. You might encounter '묘지' in news reports, documentaries, or more advanced literature. At this level, you should also be familiar with compound words like '공원묘지' (memorial park) and '국립묘지' (national cemetery). You can use '묘지' in more abstract or metaphorical ways, such as discussing the 'cemetery of forgotten ideas'. Your ability to use the word should include correct particle usage in complex sentence structures, such as '도시 개발로 인해 묘지가 이전되었습니다' (The cemetery was relocated due to urban development).
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At the C1 level, you should have a deep understanding of the historical and philosophical nuances of '묘지'. You can discuss the influence of 'Pungsu-jiri' (Feng Shui) on the placement of 묘지 and how this reflects Korean views on the afterlife and ancestral spirits. You should be able to read academic texts or high-level literature where '묘지' is used as a symbol of 'han' (grief) or national identity. You will also learn more specialized terms like '묘역' (cemetery area/grounds), '묘석' (tombstone), and '묘지명' (epitaph). At this level, you can participate in debates about land use and the environmental impact of traditional 묘지 versus modern alternatives. You should be able to distinguish between '묘지', '묘소', '능', and '원' with precision, choosing the correct word based on the status of the person buried there.
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At the C2 level, you should master the word '묘지' in all its complexities, including its use in legal, poetic, and highly formal contexts. You can analyze the evolution of burial laws in Korea and how they impact the concept of '묘지'. You should be able to understand and use archaic or highly literary expressions related to death and burial grounds. C2 learners can interpret the subtle emotional undertones when a writer chooses '묘지' over '무덤' or '산소'. You are also familiar with the historical significance of famous 묘지, such as the UN Memorial Cemetery in Busan or the Royal Tombs of the Joseon Dynasty. You can discuss the intersection of modern technology and '묘지', such as digital memorial services. Your usage should be indistinguishable from a native speaker, showing a full grasp of the word's cultural, historical, and social weight.
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例句

묘지 30秒了解

  • 묘지 means 'cemetery' or 'graveyard' in Korean, derived from Hanja roots for 'grave' and 'land'.
  • It is a formal term used for public, private, or national burial grounds throughout South Korea.
  • Culturally, it is central to ancestral rites like '성묘', especially during major holidays like Chuseok.
  • Modern usage often discusses 묘지 shortages and the shift toward cremation and charnel houses (납골당).

The Korean word 묘지 (墓地) refers to a cemetery, graveyard, or burial ground. Etymologically, it is derived from the Hanja (Chinese characters) 墓 (묘), meaning 'grave' or 'tomb', and 地 (지), meaning 'land' or 'ground'. Together, they literally translate to 'the land of graves'. In Korean society, a 묘지 is not merely a place of disposal for the deceased; it is a sacred space where the lineage of a family is preserved and where the living maintain a spiritual connection with their ancestors through various rites and ceremonies.

Formal Usage
In legal, administrative, and formal contexts, 묘지 is the standard term used to describe designated areas for burial. For instance, '공원묘지' (memorial park cemetery) or '국립묘지' (national cemetery) are common compound nouns used in official documents and news reports.
Cultural Nuance
Unlike the colloquial word '산소' (sanso), which is often used when referring to one's own family graves located on a mountain, 묘지 tends to be more clinical or general. If you are talking about visiting your grandfather's grave, you might say '산소에 가다', but if you are discussing city planning or public facilities, '묘지' is the appropriate term.

Historically, 묘지 were often situated on auspicious mountain slopes according to the principles of Pungsu-jiri (Korean Feng Shui). Choosing the right 묘지 was believed to influence the prosperity and health of future generations. However, in modern South Korea, due to limited land availability and changing social norms, there has been a significant shift from traditional burial 묘지 to cremation and the use of '납골당' (charnel houses or ossuaries). Despite this, the term 묘지 remains deeply embedded in the language, especially during national holidays like Chuseok and Seollal when millions of people travel to their ancestral 묘지 to perform '성묘' (visiting and maintaining the graves).

이곳은 조상 대대로 내려오는 가족 묘지입니다. (This is the family cemetery that has been passed down through generations.)

When using this word, it is important to understand the surrounding vocabulary. For example, '묘지를 조성하다' means to establish or create a cemetery, while '묘지를 관리하다' means to maintain or manage it. In a literary sense, 묘지 often symbolizes the end of a journey, silence, or the weight of history. Many Korean poems and novels use the imagery of a 묘지 to evoke a sense of 'han' (unresolved grief or deep sorrow) or to reflect on the transience of life. In urban areas, the presence of a 묘지 can sometimes be a point of contention regarding real estate development, leading to the use of terms like '묘지 이전' (relocation of a cemetery).

도시 외곽에 대규모 공원 묘지가 들어설 예정입니다. (A large-scale memorial park cemetery is scheduled to be built on the outskirts of the city.)

Furthermore, the word 묘지 appears in various metaphorical contexts. For example, a '기술의 묘지' (cemetery of technology) might refer to a place where obsolete inventions are forgotten. However, its primary use remains literal. In conversations about heritage, you will hear people discuss '문중 묘지' (clan cemetery), which emphasizes the collective identity of a kinship group. Understanding 묘지 is essential for understanding Korean attitudes toward death, family, and the land itself.

Using 묘지 correctly involves understanding its role as a noun and the specific verbs and particles that typically accompany it. Because it refers to a physical location, it is frequently used with the locative particles -에 (to/at) and -에서 (at/from). For example, '묘지에 가다' (to go to the cemetery) or '묘지에서 제사를 지내다' (to perform a memorial service at the cemetery).

Subject/Object Roles
When 묘지 is the object of a sentence, it often pairs with verbs of action or management. '정부는 새로운 묘지를 지정했습니다' (The government designated a new cemetery). When it is the subject, it often describes a state or condition: '그 묘지는 아주 오래되었습니다' (That cemetery is very old).

우리는 할머니의 묘지를 찾기 위해 산을 올랐습니다. (We climbed the mountain to find grandmother's cemetery/grave site.)

In more complex sentences, 묘지 can be modified by various adjectives to provide specific details. '고요한 묘지' (quiet cemetery), '황폐한 묘지' (dilapidated/ruined cemetery), or '성스러운 묘지' (sacred cemetery). These modifiers help set the tone of the sentence, whether it be peaceful, eerie, or respectful. Additionally, 묘지 is often part of compound nouns that specify the type of cemetery. '국립현충원' is a specific national cemetery, but it is categorized as a '국립묘지'.

Let's look at how the word adapts to different levels of formality. In a formal report, one might write: '묘지 부족 문제가 심각해지고 있습니다' (The problem of cemetery shortage is becoming serious). In a personal diary, one might write: '오늘 부모님 묘지에 다녀왔다' (I went to my parents' cemetery/grave today). The word itself does not change, but the surrounding grammar (honorifics and endings) dictates the politeness level.

전쟁 영웅들이 이 국립 묘지에 안치되어 있습니다. (War heroes are enshrined in this national cemetery.)

Another important usage is in the context of '묘지 관리' (cemetery management). Many families pay a fee for the upkeep of the 묘지, ensuring that grass is trimmed and the site remains clean. Sentences like '묘지 관리비를 납부해야 합니다' (You must pay the cemetery maintenance fee) are common in practical life. Understanding these collocations allows you to use 묘지 in a variety of real-world scenarios, from discussing family traditions to reading the news.

You will encounter the word 묘지 in several distinct environments in Korea. The most common is during the two major traditional holidays: Chuseok (Mid-autumn Festival) and Seollal (Lunar New Year). During these times, news broadcasts are filled with reports on '성묘객' (people visiting ancestral graves) and the massive traffic jams leading to '공원묘지' (public cemeteries). You will hear reporters say, '전국의 묘지에는 성묘객들의 발길이 이어지고 있습니다' (People are continuing to visit cemeteries across the country).

News & Media
In the news, 묘지 is often discussed in the context of social issues. For example, '묘지 부족' (cemetery shortage) is a recurring topic as Korea's aging population grows and land becomes scarcer. You might hear discussions about '자연장' (natural burials) as an alternative to traditional 묘지.
Historical Sites
If you visit historical cities like Gyeongju, you will hear the word '고분군' (ancient tomb complex), but tour guides will often explain them as the '묘지' of ancient kings and nobles. Here, the word takes on a grand, historical significance.

영화 속에서 주인공은 비밀을 풀기 위해 오래된 묘지를 찾아갑니다. (In the movie, the protagonist visits an old cemetery to solve a secret.)

In Korean dramas (K-Dramas) and movies, 묘지 are frequently used as settings for emotional scenes. Characters often visit the 묘지 of a deceased loved one to have a 'monologue' or to make a life-changing decision. These scenes are usually quiet, accompanied by melancholy music, and the word 묘지 is spoken with a tone of reverence or sadness. You might hear a character say, '엄마 묘지에 꽃 좀 놓고 올게' (I'll go put some flowers at mom's grave/cemetery site).

In everyday conversation, while death is sometimes a taboo topic, discussing the location of family graves is quite common among older generations. They might talk about '묘지 이장' (moving a grave) if the land is being developed or if they want to move the ancestor to a better location for 'Pungsu' reasons. Listening for the word 묘지 in these contexts will help you understand the deep-seated values of filial piety (hyo) and ancestral respect that continue to shape Korean culture today.

이번 추석에는 묘지 주변의 풀을 베는 벌초를 해야 합니다. (This Chuseok, we need to do 'beolcho', which is cutting the grass around the cemetery/grave.)

When learning 묘지, English speakers often make mistakes related to word choice, nuance, and cultural context. One of the most frequent errors is confusing 묘지 with related terms like 무덤 (mudeom), 묘 (myo), and 산소 (sanso). While they all relate to burial, their usage is quite specific.

묘지 vs. 무덤
'무덤' is a very general, plain word for a grave or tomb. It can refer to an animal's grave or a prehistoric burial site. '묘지' is more professional and refers to the land or the institution. Saying '우리 할아버지 묘지' sounds slightly more formal/detached than '우리 할아버지 산소'.
The 'Sanso' Nuance
Learners often forget to use '산소' when speaking about their own family. In Korean, calling your own family's grave '묘지' can sound a bit like you are talking about a public park rather than a personal family site. '산소' is the more respectful, common term for family burials.

Incorrect: 저는 어제 친구의 묘에 갔어요. (I went to my friend's grave mound.)
Correct: 저는 어제 친구의 묘지에 갔어요. (I went to my friend's cemetery/grave site.)

Another common mistake is grammatical. Because 묘지 is a place, learners sometimes use the wrong particles. For example, using the subject particle -이/가 when they mean 'to the cemetery' (-에). Also, confusing 묘지 with 묘소 (myoso), which is a very formal/honorific way to refer to the grave of a high-ranking person or a respected elder. Using 묘소 for a common person might sound overly grand, while using 묘지 for a king might sound too common.

Finally, there is the mistake of using 묘지 when referring to a charnel house (납골당). As cremation becomes more popular (over 90% in some urban areas), many people are 'buried' in indoor buildings. If you say you are going to the 묘지, people will expect a field with mounds. If the deceased is in a building, you should say 납골당 or 추모공원. Using the wrong term can lead to confusion about where you are actually going.

Mistake: 이 묘지는 건물 안에 있어요. (This cemetery is inside the building.)
Better: 이 납골당은 매우 깨끗해요. (This charnel house is very clean.)

To truly master the concept of a cemetery in Korean, you must distinguish 묘지 from several other closely related terms. Each has a specific register, context, and emotional weight.

무덤 (Mudeom)
This is the most basic, native Korean word for a grave. It refers to the hole in the ground or the mound above it. It is used in general conversation and literature. Example: '비밀을 무덤까지 가져가다' (To take a secret to the grave).
산소 (Sanso)
Literally 'mountain place', this is a respectful way to refer to family graves. Since traditionally most graves were on mountains, this became the standard polite term in family contexts. '산소에 절하다' (To bow at the family grave).
능 (Neung) / 원 (Won)
These are specific terms for royal tombs. '능' is for kings and queens (e.g., Seonjeongneung), while '원' is for other royal family members. You would never call a commoner's grave a '능'.

현대 한국에서는 묘지 대신 납골당을 이용하는 경우가 많습니다. (In modern Korea, there are many cases of using charnel houses instead of cemeteries.)

Another important alternative is 공원묘지 (Gongwon Myoji). This refers to a 'memorial park' style cemetery, which is a modern, organized area often managed by a corporation or local government. This contrast with '선산' (Seonsan), which is private family-owned mountain land used for burial. Understanding the difference between a public 묘지 and a private 선산 is key to understanding Korean land ownership and family structure.

In recent years, 수목장 (Sumokjang) has gained popularity. This is a type of natural burial where ashes are placed under a tree. While not a '묘지' in the traditional sense of mounds and stones, it is a form of '장지' (burial site). Knowing these terms will help you navigate conversations about modern Korean funeral practices and environmental concerns.

그는 조상들의 묘소를 정성껏 돌보았습니다. (He took great care of his ancestors' grave sites - using the honorific 'myoso'.)

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按水平分级的例句

1

묘지에 꽃이 있어요.

There are flowers in the cemetery.

Uses locative particle -에 and existence verb 있어요.

2

우리는 묘지에 가요.

We are going to the cemetery.

Uses destination particle -에 and movement verb 가요.

3

묘지가 아주 커요.

The cemetery is very big.

Uses subject particle -가 and adjective 크다.

4

여기가 묘지입니까?

Is this the cemetery?

Formal question form -입니까?

5

묘지는 조용해요.

The cemetery is quiet.

Topic particle -는 and adjective 조용하다.

6

제 친구가 묘지에 있어요.

My friend is in the cemetery (buried there).

Locative particle -에 indicating location of a person.

7

묘지 옆에 나무가 많아요.

There are many trees next to the cemetery.

Uses '옆' (beside) and '많다' (many).

8

이 묘지는 예뻐요.

This cemetery is pretty.

Demonstrative '이' (this) and adjective 예쁘다.

1

추석에 가족들과 묘지에 갔어요.

I went to the cemetery with my family on Chuseok.

Past tense -았어요/었어요.

2

묘지에서 기도를 했습니다.

I prayed at the cemetery.

Locative particle -에서 for action occurring at a place.

3

할아버지 묘지를 찾고 있어요.

I am looking for my grandfather's cemetery/grave.

Present progressive -고 있다.

4

묘지 근처에 식당이 있나요?

Is there a restaurant near the cemetery?

Polite question ending -나요?

5

우리는 매년 묘지를 청소해요.

We clean the cemetery every year.

Adverb '매년' (every year) and verb '청소하다'.

6

이 묘지는 역사적으로 유명해요.

This cemetery is historically famous.

Adverbial '역사적으로' (historically).

7

묘지에 가려면 버스를 타야 해요.

To go to the cemetery, you have to take a bus.

-으려면 (in order to) and -아/어야 하다 (must).

8

묘지 입구에서 기다릴게요.

I will wait at the cemetery entrance.

Future intent -ㄹ게요.

1

한국 사람들은 명절에 묘지를 방문합니다.

Korean people visit cemeteries during holidays.

Formal ending -습니다.

2

공원 묘지는 산책하기에도 좋습니다.

Memorial parks are also good for taking a walk.

-기에도 (even for doing something).

3

묘지를 돌보는 것은 중요한 전통입니다.

Taking care of the cemetery is an important tradition.

-는 것 (nominalizer) as a subject.

4

그 묘지는 산 정상 부근에 위치해 있어요.

That cemetery is located near the top of the mountain.

Passive-like state '위치해 있다' (is located).

5

전쟁에서 돌아가신 분들을 위한 묘지입니다.

It is a cemetery for those who passed away in the war.

Relative clause '-ㄴ 분들을 위한' (for those who...).

6

묘지 관리가 잘 되어 있어서 깨끗해요.

The cemetery is clean because it is well-managed.

-어 있어서 (state resulting from action) and -아서/어서 (reason).

7

비가 와서 묘지에 가기가 힘들었어요.

It was hard to go to the cemetery because it rained.

Adjective '힘들다' (to be hard).

8

묘지 입구에 안내 지도가 설치되어 있습니다.

An information map is installed at the cemetery entrance.

Passive '설치되어 있다' (is installed).

1

최근에는 묘지 부족 문제로 화장을 선호합니다.

Recently, cremation is preferred due to cemetery shortage issues.

Noun + -로 (due to/because of).

2

정부는 불법 묘지 조성을 엄격히 규제하고 있습니다.

The government is strictly regulating the creation of illegal cemeteries.

Adverb '엄격히' (strictly) and present progressive.

3

이곳은 외국인 선교사들이 안치된 묘지입니다.

This is the cemetery where foreign missionaries are enshrined.

Modifier '-ㄴ' and passive '안치된' (enshrined).

4

묘지 이장 절차에 대해 자세히 알아봐야 합니다.

You need to look into the procedures for relocating a cemetery in detail.

Noun + -에 대해 (about).

5

도시가 확장되면서 묘지가 주거 지역과 가까워졌습니다.

As the city expanded, the cemetery became closer to residential areas.

-면서 (while/as) and -아/어지다 (become).

6

그 작가는 묘지를 배경으로 한 소설을 썼습니다.

That author wrote a novel set in a cemetery.

-을 배경으로 한 (set against the background of).

7

묘지 관리비가 체납되면 곤란한 상황이 생길 수 있습니다.

If cemetery maintenance fees are overdue, a difficult situation may arise.

-으면 (if) and -ㄹ 수 있다 (can/might).

8

친환경적인 묘지 문화가 점차 확산되고 있습니다.

An eco-friendly cemetery culture is gradually spreading.

Adjective '친환경적인' (eco-friendly).

1

풍수지리에 따라 명당에 묘지를 쓰는 전통이 있습니다.

There is a tradition of placing cemeteries in 'myeongdang' (auspicious spots) according to Feng Shui.

-에 따라 (according to) and '묘지를 쓰다' (to make/use a grave).

2

국립묘지는 국가를 위해 헌신한 분들의 숭고한 넋을 기리는 곳입니다.

The National Cemetery is a place to honor the noble spirits of those who devoted themselves to the nation.

Complex honorifics and descriptive clauses.

3

묘지법 개정안이 국회를 통과하면서 많은 변화가 예상됩니다.

Many changes are expected as the amendment to the Cemetery Act passes the National Assembly.

Noun + -법 (Law) and '통과하면서' (as it passes).

4

오래된 묘지에서 발견된 유물들이 박물관에 전시되었습니다.

Artifacts discovered in an old cemetery were exhibited in the museum.

-에서 발견된 (discovered in).

5

그는 선조들의 묘지를 지키기 위해 평생을 바쳤습니다.

He dedicated his whole life to protecting his ancestors' cemeteries.

-기 위해 (in order to) and '평생을 바치다' (dedicate life).

6

묘지 이장 과정에서 문중 간의 갈등이 빚어지기도 합니다.

Conflicts sometimes arise between clans during the process of relocating cemeteries.

-기도 하다 (sometimes happens).

7

묘지명에 새겨진 글귀가 방문객들의 심금을 울립니다.

The words engraved on the epitaph touch the hearts of visitors.

Idiom '심금을 울리다' (touch the heartstrings).

8

현대 사회에서 묘지는 죽음과 삶이 공존하는 공간으로 재해석됩니다.

In modern society, cemeteries are reinterpreted as spaces where death and life coexist.

-로 재해석되다 (is reinterpreted as).

1

묘지의 배치는 당시의 사회 계급 구조를 여실히 보여줍니다.

The layout of the cemetery clearly demonstrates the social class structure of that time.

Adverb '여실히' (clearly/vividly).

2

그 시인은 묘지를 인간 실존의 허무함을 상징하는 공간으로 묘사했습니다.

The poet described the cemetery as a space symbolizing the futility of human existence.

-을 -로 묘사하다 (describe A as B).

3

무분별한 묘지 조성은 국토의 효율적 이용을 저해하는 요인이 됩니다.

Indiscreet creation of cemeteries becomes a factor that hinders the efficient use of national land.

Subject nominalized clause using -는 요인이 되다.

4

묘지 관리의 자동화 시스템 도입이 시급하다는 목소리가 높습니다.

Voices calling for the urgent introduction of automated cemetery management systems are loud.

Appositive clause '-다는 목소리가 높다'.

5

전통적인 묘지 문화와 현대적인 장례 의식 사이의 괴리가 존재합니다.

A gap exists between traditional cemetery culture and modern funeral rites.

Noun '괴리' (gap/discrepancy).

6

묘지 이전에 따른 보상금 산정 방식에 대해 법적 논쟁이 치열합니다.

Legal disputes over the method of calculating compensation following cemetery relocation are intense.

-에 따른 (following/resulting from).

7

역사적 가치가 높은 묘지는 문화재로 지정되어 국가의 보호를 받습니다.

Cemeteries with high historical value are designated as cultural properties and protected by the state.

-되어 (passive) and -를 받다 (receive).

8

묘지는 한 시대의 정신적 지형도를 파악할 수 있는 귀중한 사료입니다.

Cemeteries are valuable historical materials that allow us to grasp the spiritual landscape of an era.

Metaphorical use of '정신적 지형도' (spiritual landscape).

常见搭配

묘지를 조성하다
묘지를 관리하다
묘지를 이장하다
공원 묘지
국립 묘지
묘지 부족
묘지 입구
묘지 참배
묘지 명당
묘지 관리비

常用短语

묘지에 침을 뱉다

— To insult someone's memory or legacy. It is a very strong expression of disrespect.

그의 행동은 조상의 묘지에 침을 뱉는 격이다.

묘지 같은 고요함

— A silence so deep and heavy it feels like a cemetery. Used to describe eerie or profound stillness.

방 안에는 묘지 같은 고요함이 감돌았다.

묘지를 쓰다

— To create a grave or bury someone in a specific spot. '쓰다' here means 'to use land for'.

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