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A2 verb #2,500 最常用 5分钟阅读

흐르다

heureuda
At the A1 level, '흐르다' is used in its most literal sense. It describes the movement of water in a river or stream. Learners should focus on the basic present tense '흘러요'. You might use it to describe a picture of nature or a simple physical action like 'tears flowing'. The focus is on the basic subject-verb structure: 'Water flows' (물이 흘러요).
At the A2 level, learners expand the use of '흐르다' to include the passage of time. Phrases like '시간이 흘러요' (Time flows/passes) become essential. Learners also begin to encounter the '르' irregular conjugation in past and future forms (흘렀어요, 흐를 거예요). You might use it to describe how long you have lived in a place or how quickly a vacation went by.
At the B1 level, the word is used for abstract things like music and atmosphere. You might describe the 'vibe' of a cafe (분위기가 좋다) by saying '좋은 음악이 흘러요' (Good music is playing/flowing). It is also used for physical bodily functions like sweating (땀이 흐르다) or bleeding (피가 흐르다) in more descriptive ways during storytelling.
At the B2 level, '흐르다' appears in more complex metaphorical contexts. It can describe the 'flow' of a conversation, the 'trend' of an era, or the 'current' of public opinion. Learners should be able to use it with various adverbs to describe the *manner* of the flow (e.g., '유유히 흐르다' - to flow calmly/stately). It also appears in passive-like contexts where electricity or signals 'flow' through systems.
At the C1 level, '흐르다' is used to discuss historical trends and philosophical concepts. It appears in literature to describe the 'spirit' or 'ethos' of a generation (시대정신이 흐르다). Learners use it to describe subtle nuances, such as a specific 'look' or 'aura' flowing from a person's eyes or expression. It is often found in editorials and academic essays regarding the 'flow' of history (역사의 흐름).
At the C2 level, '흐르다' is used with absolute precision in literary and poetic contexts. It can describe the 'flow' of thoughts in a stream-of-consciousness narrative or the 'leakage' of classified information in a political context (though '유출' is more common, '흐르다' can be used figuratively). Mastery at this level involves understanding how '흐르다' interacts with complex hanja-based synonyms to create specific rhetorical effects.
开始练习 例句 笔记与提示

흐르다 30秒了解

  • 흐르다 means 'to flow' and is used for liquids like water, blood, and tears.
  • It is also the standard verb for the passage of time (시간이 흐르다).
  • It follows the '르' irregular conjugation, becoming '흘러' with '아/어'.
  • Metaphorically, it describes music, atmosphere, or trends moving through a space.

The Korean verb 흐르다 (Heureuda) is a foundational term that primarily describes the continuous, steady movement of liquids, time, or abstract concepts like atmosphere and trends. At its core, it evokes the image of a river moving downstream without interruption. In a literal sense, it is used for water, blood, tears, or sweat. However, its utility extends far beyond the physical realm, capturing the inexorable passage of time and the subtle shifts in human emotion or social climate.

Physical Flow
The movement of liquids such as rivers (강물이 흐르다), tears (눈물이 흐르다), or sweat (땀이 흐르다).
Temporal Flow
The passage of time, years, or eras (시간이 흐르다, 세월이 흐르다).
Abstract Flow
The spread of music, atmosphere, or electricity (음악이 흐르다, 분위기가 흐르다).

"강물이 바다로 흐른다." (The river flows to the sea.)

Understanding '흐르다' requires recognizing its '르' irregular conjugation pattern. When followed by an ending starting with '아/어', the 'ㅡ' is dropped, and an extra 'ㄹ' is added to the preceding syllable, resulting in '흘러'. This phonetic shift is crucial for A2 learners to master, as it distinguishes the verb from regular stems. The word implies a lack of resistance; it is a natural progression. Whether it is the 'flow' of a conversation or the 'leakage' of a liquid from a container, the verb maintains a sense of directionality and continuity.

"시간이 참 빨리 흐르네요." (Time really flows/flies fast.)

Directionality
Often used with particles like ~로 (towards) or ~에서 (from).

In literature, '흐르다' is often used to describe the 'air' or 'vibe' of a room. If a room is tense, Koreans say '긴장감이 흐르다' (tension flows). This suggests that the emotion is not just present but is actively moving through the space, affecting everyone within it. This nuance makes it more dynamic than the simple verb '있다' (to be).

Using 흐르다 correctly involves mastering its conjugation and understanding its various subjects. Because it is an intransitive verb (자동사), it typically takes the subject marker -이/가. You are describing what is flowing, not what someone is flowing.

"코에서 피가 흘러요." (Blood is flowing from the nose.)

The '르' irregular rule is the most important grammatical hurdle. Here is a quick breakdown:
1. Present Tense: 흐르다 + 어요 -> 흘러요.
2. Past Tense: 흐르다 + 었어요 -> 흘렀어요.
3. Connective: 흐르다 + 아서/어서 -> 흘러서.

Common Subject Pairings
물 (water), 눈물 (tears), 땀 (sweat), 시간 (time), 세월 (years), 음악 (music), 분위기 (atmosphere), 전력 (power/electricity).

When describing time, '흐르다' is often paired with adverbs like '빠르게' (quickly) or '어느덧' (before one knows it). For example, '어느덧 10년이라는 세월이 흘렀다' (Before I knew it, ten years had passed). This usage is very common in reflective writing or nostalgic conversations.

"라디오에서 잔잔한 음악이 흐르고 있었다." (Calm music was flowing from the radio.)

You will encounter 흐르다 in a variety of contexts, from daily weather reports to high-brow literature. In daily life, it's most common when talking about the weather (humidity/rain) or physical sensations.

In the Kitchen
Used when oil or sauce leaks or flows down the side of a bottle.
In the News
Used to describe the 'flow' of the economy or the 'passage' of a legislative period.
In K-Dramas
Often heard in romantic or melancholic scenes where 'time flows' or 'tears flow'.

"두 사람 사이에 묘한 기류가 흐른다." (A strange vibe/current is flowing between the two people.)

Musicians and artists use it to describe the rhythm or 'flow' of a piece. If a melody is smooth, they might say '선율이 부드럽게 흐른다' (The melody flows smoothly). In technical contexts, it describes the flow of electricity (전류가 흐르다) or the flow of data in a network.

The most frequent mistake for learners is the conjugation error. Many beginners try to conjugate it as '흐르어요' or '흐러요', forgetting the '르' irregular rule which requires doubling the 'ㄹ'.

Wrong: 물이 흐러요. (X)
Right: 물이 흘러요. (O)

Another mistake is confusing 흐르다 (to flow) with 흘리다 (to spill/shed). Remember:
- 땀이 흐르다: Sweat flows (natural process).
- 땀을 흘리다: To sweat (focus on the person doing it).

Subject-Object Confusion
흐르다 is intransitive. You cannot '흐르다' something. You can only say something '흐르다'.

While 흐르다 is the general term for 'flow', several other words cover specific types of movement.

쏟아지다 (Ssod-ajida)
To pour out. Used for heavy rain or a sudden burst of liquid.
지나가다 (Jinagada)
To pass by. Used for time or physical objects moving past a point.
넘치다 (Neomchida)
To overflow. Used when a liquid exceeds its container.
퍼지다 (Peojida)
To spread. Used for smells, rumors, or light.

"비가 쏟아지고 있어요." (Rain is pouring down.) vs "강물이 흐르고 있어요." (The river is flowing.)

In the context of time, '경과하다' (Gyeong-gwahada) is a more formal, academic term for 'to elapse' or 'to pass', often used in legal or medical contexts.

How Formal Is It?

正式

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难度评级

需要掌握的语法

按水平分级的例句

1

물이 흘러요.

Water flows.

Present tense of 흐르다.

2

강물이 바다로 흘러요.

The river flows to the sea.

Directional particle -로.

3

눈물이 흘러요.

Tears are flowing.

Subject marker -이.

4

시냇물이 깨끗하게 흘러요.

The brook flows cleanly.

Adverbial form -게.

5

물이 어디로 흘러요?

Where does the water flow?

Interrogative sentence.

6

여기 물이 흘러요.

Water is flowing here.

Locative particle -에/여기.

7

작은 물줄기가 흘러요.

A small stream of water flows.

Noun phrase subject.

8

물이 계속 흘러요.

Water flows continuously.

Adverb 계속.

1

시간이 참 빨리 흘러요.

Time really flows fast.

Abstract use of flow for time.

2

벌써 한 달이 흘렀어요.

Already one month has passed.

Past tense '흘렀어요'.

3

땀이 얼굴에 흘러요.

Sweat is flowing on my face.

Physical sensation.

4

코피가 흘러서 놀랐어요.

I was surprised because I had a nosebleed.

Causal connective -아서/어서.

5

세월이 흐르면 알게 될 거예요.

You will know as time flows (passes).

Conditional -면.

6

강물이 얼지 않고 흘러요.

The river flows without freezing.

Negation -지 않고.

7

눈물이 멈추지 않고 흘렀어요.

Tears flowed without stopping.

Continuous action in the past.

8

시간이 흐를수록 그리워요.

The more time flows, the more I miss you.

-ㄹ수록 (the more...).

1

카페에 잔잔한 음악이 흐르고 있어요.

Calm music is flowing in the cafe.

Progressive form -고 있다.

2

두 사람 사이에 어색한 공기가 흘렀다.

An awkward air flowed between the two.

Metaphorical flow of atmosphere.

3

상처에서 피가 계속 흘러요.

Blood keeps flowing from the wound.

Medical context.

4

전선에 전기가 흐르고 있습니다.

Electricity is flowing through the wire.

Technical usage.

5

그의 눈에는 슬픔이 흐르고 있었다.

Sorrow was flowing in his eyes.

Literary metaphor.

6

강물은 유유히 서쪽으로 흐른다.

The river flows leisurely to the west.

Plain style -ㄴ다.

7

부엌에서 맛있는 냄새가 흘러나와요.

A delicious smell is flowing out from the kitchen.

Compound verb 흐르나오다.

8

빗물이 창문을 타고 흘러요.

Rainwater flows down the window.

Verb 타고 (along/following).

1

이 지역에는 독특한 문화가 흐르고 있다.

A unique culture flows through this region.

Sociocultural flow.

2

그의 연설에는 강한 자신감이 흘렀다.

Strong confidence flowed through his speech.

Abstract quality in communication.

3

정보가 외부로 흘러나가지 않게 주의하세요.

Be careful so that information doesn't flow out (leak).

Information security context.

4

대화가 자연스럽게 흐르도록 도와주세요.

Please help the conversation flow naturally.

Causative-like intent -도록.

5

역사의 물줄기는 정의로운 방향으로 흐른다.

The stream of history flows in a righteous direction.

Philosophical metaphor.

6

그녀의 손끝에서 아름다운 선율이 흘러나왔다.

Beautiful melodies flowed from her fingertips.

Artistic expression.

7

반도체 칩 내부에서 전류가 흐르는 원리.

The principle of current flowing inside a semiconductor chip.

Scientific description.

8

마을 전체에 긴장감이 흐르고 있었다.

Tension was flowing through the whole village.

Collective atmosphere.

1

시대의 흐름을 읽는 것이 중요하다.

It is important to read the flow of the times.

Noun form '흐름'.

2

그의 문장에는 고전적인 우아함이 흐른다.

A classical elegance flows through his sentences.

Stylistic critique.

3

정치적 담론이 보수적인 방향으로 흐르고 있다.

Political discourse is flowing in a conservative direction.

Sociopolitical analysis.

4

빙하가 녹아내려 거대한 강을 이루며 흐른다.

Glaciers melt and flow, forming huge rivers.

Environmental science.

5

의식의 흐름에 따라 글을 써 내려갔다.

I wrote down following the stream of consciousness.

Literary technique.

6

혈관을 타고 흐르는 혈액의 순환 과정.

The process of blood circulation flowing through blood vessels.

Biological process.

7

전통의 맥락이 현대 예술 속에도 흐르고 있다.

The context of tradition flows even within modern art.

Cultural continuity.

8

눈가에 흐르는 미소는 진심이었다.

The smile flowing around the eyes was sincere.

Poetic description of expression.

1

만물은 끊임없이 변화하며 흐르는 법이다.

All things are destined to change and flow constantly.

Philosophical '법이다' (it is the law/way).

2

도도하게 흐르는 역사의 강물 앞에 인간은 미약하다.

Humans are weak before the grandly flowing river of history.

Grandiloquent literary style.

3

그의 철학에는 노장 사상의 허무주의가 흐르고 있다.

The nihilism of Lao-Tzu and Chuang-Tzu flows through his philosophy.

Intellectual analysis.

4

기저에 흐르는 불안감을 해소하는 것이 급선무다.

Resolving the anxiety flowing at the base (undercurrent) is the priority.

Psychological depth.

5

언어의 변천사는 사회의 변화와 궤를 같이하며 흐른다.

The history of language change flows in tandem with social change.

Linguistic academic tone.

6

그녀의 눈빛에는 형언할 수 없는 슬픔이 흐르고 있었다.

An indescribable sadness was flowing in her eyes.

Advanced descriptive vocabulary.

7

경제 지표의 하락세가 멈추지 않고 하방으로 흐르고 있다.

The decline in economic indicators is flowing downward without stopping.

Economic metaphor.

8

시공간의 뒤틀림 속에서 시간은 다르게 흐를 수 있다.

In the warping of space-time, time can flow differently.

Theoretical physics context.

常见搭配

강물이 흐르다
시간이 흐르다
눈물이 흐르다
땀이 흐르다
음악이 흐르다
분위기가 흐르다
전기가 흐르다
세월이 흐르다
피가 흐르다
기류가 흐르다

常用短语

시간이 흐른 뒤에

강물이 바다로 흐르듯

눈물이 뺨을 타고 흐르다

정적이 흐르다

긴장감이 흐르다

세월이 유수와 같이 흐르다

콧물이 흐르다

침이 흐르다

기름이 흐르다

전류가 흐르다

容易混淆的词

흐르다 vs 흘리다 (to spill)

흐르다 vs 지나다 (to pass)

흐르다 vs 다니다 (to go/come)

习语与表达

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容易混淆

흐르다 vs 흘리다

Causative; you shed tears (눈물을 흘리다).

흐르다 vs 지나다

General passing of time/space, less 'fluid' than 흐르다.

흐르다 vs 내리다

To fall down (like rain), whereas 흐르다 is the movement after it hits the ground.

흐르다 vs 퍼지다

To spread out in all directions, not necessarily in a stream.

흐르다 vs 번지다

To smudge or spread (like ink).

句型

如何使用

metaphor

Extensively used for time and atmosphere.

transitivity

Intransitive only.

常见错误
  • Conjugating as '흐러요' instead of '흘러요'.
  • Using the object marker 을/를 with 흐르다.
  • Confusing 흐르다 with 흘리다 (to shed/spill).
  • Using it for a person's physical movement (walking).
  • Misunderstanding '분위기가 흐르다' as something literally moving.

小贴士

Master the '르'

Always remember to double the 'ㄹ' when adding '아/어'. This is the most common mistake for learners.

Pair with Time

Use '시간' or '세월' as subjects to practice abstract usage. It makes your Korean sound more natural.

Rhythm

The word '흘러' has a rhythmic feel. Try to say it smoothly to mimic the meaning of the word.

Atmosphere

When you enter a room and feel a 'vibe', think '분위기가 흐른다'. It's a very native-like expression.

Descriptive Power

Use '흐르다' instead of '있다' to make your descriptions of music or water more dynamic.

Song Lyrics

Listen to Korean ballads; you will hear '눈물이 흘러' or '시간이 흘러' very frequently.

News Trends

Look for the word '흐름' in economic news to understand market trends.

Flow vs Spill

Remember: '흐르다' is natural, '흘리다' is often accidental or an action by a person.

Life as a River

Embrace the idiom '물 흐르듯 살다' (live like flowing water) to understand the Korean mindset.

C1 Usage

Try using it to describe the 'flow of a sentence' (문장의 흐름) in your writing.

记住它

词源

Native Korean word.

文化背景

The Han River (한강) is the most famous subject of '흐르다' in Korea.

Koreans often use '흐르다' to express a stoic acceptance of the passage of time.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"시간이 왜 이렇게 빨리 흐를까요?"

"강물이 어디로 흐르는지 아세요?"

"이 카페는 음악이 참 좋게 흐르네요."

"요즘 사회의 흐름이 어떤 것 같아요?"

"눈물이 흐를 때 어떻게 하세요?"

日记主题

오늘 하루 시간이 어떻게 흘렀는지 써 보세요.

가장 기억에 남는 강이나 바다의 흐름을 묘사해 보세요.

내 인생의 흐름은 지금 어디쯤인가요?

최근에 눈물을 흘린 적이 있나요?

좋아하는 음악이 흐르는 공간에 대해 써 보세요.

常见问题

10 个问题

흐르다 emphasizes a continuous, fluid movement (like a river), while 지나다 is a more general term for passing a point in time or space.

It is a '르' irregular verb, so it becomes '흘렀어요'.

No, it is for liquids, time, or abstract things, not for people walking.

Yes, it is the most common way to say 'time passes' in a slightly descriptive way.

No, '흐르다' is intransitive. You should say '물이 흐르다'.

It means a certain atmosphere or 'vibe' is present and felt in a space.

눈물이 흘러요.

Yes, '전류가 흐르다' means electric current flows.

The noun form is '흐름' (flow/current).

Yes, basic usage is A2, but it has advanced metaphorical uses.

自我测试 240 个问题

/ 240 correct

Perfect score!

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