用你的语言查看此页面
English فارسی العربية Deutsch Español Français 日本語 한국어 Português हिन्दी
A1 verb 9分钟阅读

švęsti

To celebrate

At the A1 level, 'švęsti' is one of the first verbs you learn for social interaction. You will mainly use it in the present and simple future tenses to talk about birthdays and major holidays like Christmas or Easter. The focus is on basic sentence structures: Subject + Verb + Object (Accusative). For example, 'Aš švenčiu gimtadienį' (I celebrate my birthday). You should learn the basic conjugation for 'I', 'You', and 'We', as these are the most common in daily conversation. You will also learn to pair it with simple adverbs like 'linksmai' (happily) or 'namie' (at home). At this stage, the connection to the noun 'šventė' (a holiday/party) is also introduced, helping you build a small word family. You don't need to worry about complex moods or reflexive forms yet; just focus on the joy of celebrating with friends and family.
At the A2 level, you expand your use of 'švęsti' to include national holidays and cultural traditions. You start using the past tense ('Mes šventėme') to describe what you did last weekend or during the last holiday season. You will also learn to use 'švęsti' with 'ketinti' or 'planuoti' (to intend/plan) to talk about future arrangements. The vocabulary surrounding 'švęsti' grows to include more specific objects like 'vestuvės' (wedding), 'jubiliejus' (anniversary), and 'Joninės' (Midsummer). You begin to understand the difference between 'švęsti' and 'eiti į vakarėlį' (to go to a party). You also start to use the imperative 'švęskime' to make suggestions. Your sentences become longer, incorporating time expressions like 'visą savaitgalį' (all weekend) or 'tris dienas' (three days).
免费注册阅读完整解释
By B1, you are comfortable using 'švęsti' in all major tenses and moods, including the conditional ('švęstume' - we would celebrate). You can discuss the cultural importance of celebrations in Lithuania and compare them with those in your own country. You start to notice the word in more formal contexts, like news reports or official invitations. You also learn common collocations like 'triukšmingai švęsti' (to celebrate noisily) or 'kukliai švęsti' (to celebrate modestly). At this level, you should be able to explain *why* you are celebrating, using 'švęsti' in subordinate clauses. You also begin to explore the figurative uses of the word, such as 'švęsti gyvenimą' (to celebrate life). You are aware of the common mistakes like confusing it with 'šviesti' and can self-correct.
免费注册阅读完整解释
At B2, you use 'švęsti' with professional fluency. You understand the subtle differences between 'švęsti', 'paminėti', and 'pažymėti', and you choose the correct one based on the social context. You can use the verb in complex grammatical structures, such as participles ('švenčiantys žmonės' - people who are celebrating). You are familiar with more obscure holidays and can discuss the historical roots of Lithuanian celebrations using 'švęsti'. You also start to use idioms and more advanced vocabulary associated with the verb. You can handle formal speeches where 'švęsti' might be used to describe national unity or achievement. Your pronunciation is more natural, correctly handling the long 'ę' and the rhythm of the verb in fast-paced speech.
免费注册阅读完整解释
At the C1 level, 'švęsti' becomes a tool for nuanced expression. You can use it in literary or philosophical discussions about the nature of celebration and ritual. You understand the etymological link to 'šventas' (holy) and can discuss how this influences the Lithuanian worldview. You are comfortable with all reflexive and prefixed forms, even if they are rare. You can use 'švęsti' ironically or metaphorically in sophisticated ways. You are also aware of regional variations and historical usages of the word. In writing, you can use 'švęsti' to evoke specific moods or atmospheres. You can participate in debates about the commercialization of holidays, using 'švęsti' as a central theme. Your command of the verb is indistinguishable from that of a native speaker.
免费注册阅读完整解释
At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of 'švęsti'. You can analyze its use in classical Lithuanian literature and poetry. You understand the most subtle connotations and can use the word in any register, from the most archaic religious texts to the most modern street slang. You can play with the word's morphology and phonology for creative effect. You are an expert in the cultural history of Lithuanian 'šventės' and can provide deep insights into how the act of 'švęsti' has evolved over centuries. For you, 'švęsti' is not just a verb, but a symbol of Lithuanian resilience and cultural identity. You can use it to express the most complex human emotions and social dynamics with precision and grace.
免费注册阅读完整解释
例句

švęsti 30秒了解

  • To celebrate a holiday or event.
  • Requires the Accusative case for the object.
  • Present tense stem changes to 'šven-'.
  • Deeply rooted in the concept of 'holiness'.
The Lithuanian verb švęsti is a cornerstone of the Baltic linguistic identity, primarily translated as 'to celebrate' or 'to observe' a holiday. At its core, the word is inextricably linked to the concept of sanctity, derived from the same root as the adjective šventas (holy). When a Lithuanian speaker uses švęsti, they are not merely describing a casual party; they are invoking a tradition of setting time aside from the mundane to honor something significant. This could range from a national independence day to a quiet family name-day. In contemporary usage, the scope has expanded to include modern festivities, but the underlying sense of 'consecrating' time remains.
Etymological Resonance
The word shares roots with the Sanskrit 'svanta' and Old Church Slavonic 'svętŭ', pointing to a deep Indo-European history of light and holiness. To celebrate is to bring light to a day.
Sociolinguistic Weight
In Lithuania, celebration is often a collective act. You will rarely hear 'švęsti' used for a solitary activity unless it is metaphorical. It implies a 'mes' (we) dynamic.

Mes planuojame švęsti tavo gimtadienį pajūryje šį savaitgalį.

Lietuviai labai mėgsta švęsti Jonines gamtoje.

Grammatical Nuance
The verb is transitive, meaning it usually requires a direct object. You don't just 'celebrate'—you celebrate 'something'.

Ar jūs ketinate švęsti savo vestuvių metines restorane?

Mūsų šeima visada švenčia Kūčias ramiai ir tyliai.

Visas miestas išėjo į gatves švęsti pergalės.

Temporal Aspects
In Lithuania, 'švęsti' can imply a multi-day process, especially during weddings or traditional rural festivals like Užgavėnės.
The verb 'švęsti' is also used in figurative senses, such as celebrating life or success. It carries a positive, high-energy connotation, though it can be used ironically in slang contexts to mean 'to party excessively'. Understanding this word is key to understanding the Lithuanian spirit of community and resilience.
Using švęsti correctly involves mastering its conjugation and the objects it governs. As a first-conjugation verb (ending in -ti), its present tense stems are švenčiu, šventi, švenčia. One of the most common mistakes for English speakers is forgetting that the holiday being celebrated must be in the accusative case (galininkas). For instance, if you want to say 'to celebrate the New Year', you say 'švęsti Naujuosius metus'. The word 'metus' is the accusative plural of 'metai'.
Present Tense Usage
Used for ongoing actions or habits. 'Aš švenčiu kiekvieną mažą laimėjimą' (I celebrate every small win).
Past Tense Usage
Used for completed celebrations. 'Vakar mes šventėme iki ryto' (Yesterday we celebrated until morning).

Kada tu paprastai šventi savo gimtadienį?

Mes švęsime Jonines prie ežero su laužais.

Reflexive Potential
While 'švęstis' exists, it is rare and usually means 'to be celebrated' or is used in specific dialects. Stick to the active form 'švęsti' for 99% of situations.

Ar Lietuvoje populiaru švęsti Helovyną?

Jie šventė savo sėkmę visą savaitę.

Mes švenčiame laisvę kiekvieną dieną.

Imperative Form
'Švęskime!' (Let's celebrate!) is a very common exclamation during toasts or opening speeches.
When using 'švęsti' with 'kaip' (how), you can describe the manner of celebration: 'Švęsti triukšmingai' (to celebrate noisily) or 'švęsti kukliai' (to celebrate modestly). The versatility of the verb allows it to fit into formal invitations ('Kviečiame kartu švęsti...') and casual text messages ('Einam švęsti?'). It is a high-frequency verb that every A1 learner should prioritize.
You will encounter švęsti in a variety of real-world contexts in Lithuania. On the radio and television, news anchors often use it when announcing national holidays like February 16th (Vasario 16-oji) or March 11th (Kovo 11-oji). In these contexts, it carries a tone of dignity and national pride. In social settings, it is the go-to word for inviting friends to a party. You'll see it on colorful posters for music festivals, posters in malls advertising holiday sales, and on social media captions.
Public Announcements
'Kviečiame visus miestiečius švęsti kartu Katedros aikštėje.' (We invite all citizens to celebrate together in Cathedral Square.)
Daily Conversations
'Ką švęsite šį vakarą?' (What will you celebrate tonight?) – a common question when seeing someone with flowers or champagne.

Šį savaitgalį visas Kaunas švęs miesto dienas.

Mes švenčiame tėčio jubiliejų.

In Literature and Music
Many Lithuanian songs include this verb, often in a nostalgic or celebratory chorus. It's a word that evokes emotion and shared history.

Ar nori švęsti kartu su mumis?

Visi kaimynai švenčia kaimynų dieną kieme.

Mokyklos bendruomenė švenčia mokslo metų pradžią.

Commercial Usage
'Švęskime pavasarį su nuolaidomis!' (Let's celebrate spring with discounts!) – a common marketing slogan.
Whether you are in a bustling Vilnius bar or a quiet village in Samogitia, 'švęsti' is a word that connects people. It signifies a break from work, a moment of joy, and a deep-seated cultural value of honoring significant life events.
Even though švęsti seems straightforward, learners often stumble over its phonology and case requirements. The most frequent error is confusing it with the verb šviesti (to shine). While they sound similar, 'šviesti' has an 'i' after the 'v', and 'švęsti' has an 'ę'. Mixing them up could lead to saying 'I am shining my birthday' instead of 'I am celebrating my birthday'. Another major pitfall is the use of the wrong case for the object. English speakers naturally want to say 'švęsti už [holiday]', but in Lithuanian, no preposition is needed—just the direct object in the accusative.
Confusing with 'Šviesti'
Correct: Švęsti (celebrate). Incorrect: Šviesti (shine). Example: 'Saulė šviečia' (The sun shines) vs 'Mes švenčiame' (We celebrate).
Case Errors
Learners often use the Nominative case for the holiday. Correct: 'Švęsti Kalėdas' (Accusative). Incorrect: 'Švęsti Kalėdos' (Nominative).

Nereikia sakyti 'švęsti apie pergalę', sakykite 'švęsti pergalę'.

Ar jūs švenčiate (correct) ar šviečiate (incorrect)?

The 'šven-' vs 'švę-' Confusion
Remember that the 'n' appears in the present tense (švenčiu) but disappears in the infinitive (švęsti) and future tense (švęsiu).

Mokiniai dažnai pamiršta nosinę raidę 'ę' žodyje švęsti.

Mes niekada nešvenčiame Helovyno.

Jie šventė per ilgai ir pavargo.

Register Errors
Avoid using 'švęsti' for very somber commemorations where 'paminėti' (to mention/commemorate) is more appropriate, such as a funeral anniversary.
Lastly, be careful with the future tense. 'Švęsime' (we will celebrate) is often misspelled by omitting the 'ę'. Keeping these spelling and case rules in mind will make your Lithuanian sound much more natural and precise.
While švęsti is the most common word for 'to celebrate', Lithuanian offers several alternatives depending on the context and the level of formality. For more formal or somber occasions, the verb paminėti (to commemorate/mention) is used. For example, you 'paminėti' a historical tragedy or a deceased relative's anniversary. If the celebration involves a lot of eating and drinking, you might hear the more descriptive puotauti (to feast). In casual, slang-heavy environments, young people might use baliavoti (from 'balius' - party), though this is considered non-standard and should be used with caution.
Švęsti vs. Paminėti
'Švęsti' is for joy and holidays. 'Paminėti' is for remembering or formal recognition. 'Mes paminėjome žuvusius karius' (We commemorated the fallen soldiers).
Švęsti vs. Puotauti
'Puotauti' specifically emphasizes the banquet and consumption of food/drink. 'Karalius puotavo tris dienas' (The king feasted for three days).

Mes norime tiesiog ramiai paminėti šią progą.

Jaunimas mėgsta baliavoti sodybose (slang).

Švęsti vs. Pažymėti
'Pažymėti' (to mark) is often used in business or official contexts. 'Bendrovė pažymėjo dešimtmetį' (The company marked its decade anniversary).

Kviečiame jus pažymėti šią svarbią datą.

Miestas švenčia laisvę, o ne gedėjimą.

Ar galime švęsti be alkoholio?

Dialectal Variations
In some regions, 'ūžti' (to buzz/roar) is used to describe a very loud and energetic celebration.
Choosing the right synonym depends on whether you are at a wedding ('švęsti'), a business gala ('pažymėti'), or a historical memorial ('paminėti'). Understanding these nuances elevates your Lithuanian from basic to proficient.
免费注册阅读完整解释

按水平分级的例句

1

Aš švenčiu gimtadienį.

I celebrate [my] birthday.

Subject + Verb (1st person sing) + Accusative Object.

2

Ar tu šventi Kalėdas?

Do you celebrate Christmas?

Question form with 'Ar'.

3

Mes švenčiame šiandien.

We are celebrating today.

1st person plural present tense.

4

Ji švenčia namuose.

She celebrates at home.

3rd person present tense.

5

Jie švęs rytoj.

They will celebrate tomorrow.

Future tense 3rd person.

6

Noriu švęsti su tavimi.

I want to celebrate with you.

Infinitive 'švęsti' after 'noriu'.

7

Kada mes švęsime?

When will we celebrate?

Future tense 1st person plural.

8

Švęskime kartu!

Let's celebrate together!

Imperative mood.

1

Vakar mes šventėme Jonines.

Yesterday we celebrated Midsummer.

Past tense + Accusative holiday.

2

Ar jūs šventėte Naujuosius metus?

Did you celebrate the New Year?

Past tense plural question.

3

Jis visada švenčia triukšmingai.

He always celebrates noisily.

Adverb 'triukšmingai' modifying the verb.

4

Mes nešvenčiame Helovyno.

We don't celebrate Halloween.

Negative verb + Genitive object.

5

Ketiname švęsti vestuves vasarą.

We intend to celebrate the wedding in summer.

'Ketinti' + Infinitive.

6

Mano šeima švenčia Velykas kaime.

My family celebrates Easter in the village.

Locative 'kaime'.

7

Kodėl tu nešventi?

Why are you not celebrating?

Negative question.

8

Mums patinka švęsti pergales.

We like to celebrate victories.

Dative 'mums' + 'patinka' + Infinitive.

1

Jei turėčiau pinigų, švęsčiau prabangiai.

If I had money, I would celebrate luxuriously.

Conditional mood 'švęsčiau'.

2

Svarbu švęsti net ir mažas pergales.

It is important to celebrate even small victories.

Infinitive as a subject complement.

3

Mes švęsdavome kiekvieną sekmadienį.

We used to celebrate every Sunday.

Past frequentative tense.

4

Ji nemėgsta švęsti viešumoje.

She doesn't like to celebrate in public.

Infinitive after 'nemėgsta'.

5

Ar žinai, kaip lietuviai švenčia Kūčias?

Do you know how Lithuanians celebrate Christmas Eve?

Subordinate clause with 'kaip'.

6

Mes švenčiame laisvę jau trisdešimt metų.

We have been celebrating freedom for thirty years.

Present tense for ongoing state.

7

Jie nusprendė švęsti kukliau šiais metais.

They decided to celebrate more modestly this year.

Comparative adverb 'kukliau'.

8

Kviečiame jus švęsti kartu su mumis.

We invite you to celebrate together with us.

Formal invitation structure.

1

Miestas, švenčiantis jubiliejų, buvo pilnas žmonių.

The city, celebrating its anniversary, was full of people.

Present active participle 'švenčiantis'.

2

Nors lijo, mes vis tiek šventėme lauke.

Although it rained, we still celebrated outside.

Concessive clause with 'nors'.

3

Reikia mokėti švęsti gyvenimą.

One must know how to celebrate life.

Modal 'reikia' + 'mokėti' + Infinitive.

4

Švęsdami mes pamirštame visus rūpesčius.

While celebrating, we forget all worries.

Gerund 'švęsdami'.

5

Ši šventė švenčiama nuo senų laikų.

This holiday has been celebrated since ancient times.

Passive voice 'švenčiama'.

6

Jie šventė taip, lyg tai būtų paskutinė diena.

They celebrated as if it were the last day.

Comparative clause with 'lyg'.

7

Ar verta švęsti tokią progą?

Is it worth celebrating such an occasion?

'Ar verta' + Infinitive.

8

Mes šventėme iki pat aušros.

We celebrated until the very dawn.

Preposition 'iki' + Genitive.

1

Švęsti pergalę dar per anksti.

It is too early to celebrate victory.

Infinitive as a subject with 'per anksti'.

2

Kiekviena tauta švenčia savaip.

Every nation celebrates in its own way.

Adverb 'savaip'.

3

Jis šventė savo vienatvę tyloje.

He celebrated his solitude in silence.

Metaphorical use of 'švęsti'.

4

Švęsdami mes atkuriame ryšį su protėviais.

By celebrating, we restore the connection with our ancestors.

Gerund showing means/method.

5

Tai buvo geriausiai švęsta šventė mano gyvenime.

That was the best-celebrated holiday in my life.

Past passive participle 'švęsta'.

6

Nėra nieko blogiau nei švęsti per prievartą.

There is nothing worse than celebrating by force.

Comparison with 'nei'.

7

Jie šventė savo išsivadavimą iš praeities gniaužtų.

They celebrated their liberation from the clutches of the past.

Abstract object 'išsivadavimą'.

8

Švęskime šią akimirką, kol ji dar čia.

Let's celebrate this moment while it's still here.

Imperative + temporal clause.

1

Švęsti būtį yra aukščiausia žmogaus dvasios apraiška.

To celebrate existence is the highest manifestation of the human spirit.

Philosophical subject 'švęsti būtį'.

2

Jis šventė savo pralaimėjimą kaip pamoką.

He celebrated his defeat as a lesson.

Paradoxical use of 'švęsti'.

3

Švęstinas įvykis reikalauja ypatingo dėmesio.

An event to be celebrated requires special attention.

Gerundive 'švęstinas'.

4

Po ilgų klajonių jie pagaliau galėjo švęsti sugrįžimą.

After long wanderings, they could finally celebrate the return.

Infinitive after 'galėjo'.

5

Švęsti be saiko yra tas pats, kas nešvęsti visai.

To celebrate without moderation is the same as not celebrating at all.

Comparative structure 'tas pats, kas'.

6

Mes švenčiame ne daiktus, o prasmes.

We celebrate not things, but meanings.

Contrastive 'ne... o...'.

7

Kiekvienas švęstas vakaras palieka pėdsaką sieloje.

Every celebrated evening leaves a mark on the soul.

Past passive participle as adjective.

8

Švęskime taip, kad istorija mus prisimintų.

Let's celebrate in such a way that history remembers us.

Result clause with 'kad'.

常见搭配

švęsti gimtadienį
švęsti vestuves
švęsti Kalėdas
švęsti pergalę
švęsti jubiliejų
triukšmingai švęsti
kukliai švęsti
švęsti kartu
švęsti laisvę
免费注册查看所有例句

相关内容

更多culture词汇

kalba

A1

Language / Speech

有帮助吗？

评论 (0)

登录后评论
还没有评论。成为第一个分享想法的人！