You might already know that 'berg' means 'mountain' in Dutch. It's a common word, and you'll hear it a lot if you're talking about nature or travel. For example, if you visit Limburg, the most southern province of the Netherlands, you might hear people refer to the hills there as 'bergen', even though they are quite small compared to actual mountains!
You can also use 'berg' in a more figurative sense, like 'een berg werk' which means 'a mountain of work', meaning a lot of work. Or, if someone says 'ik voel me een berg', they're saying they feel very strong and healthy.
When you're talking about a large natural elevation of the earth, like a mountain, the Dutch word you'll use is "berg". It's a common noun, so remember to use the definite article "de" with it.
For example, you could say "De berg is hoog" to mean "The mountain is high".
You might also encounter it in compound words, such as "bergwandelen" (mountain hiking) or "bergketen" (mountain range).
Just like in English, "berg" can sometimes be used metaphorically to describe a large pile or a difficult task, like "een berg werk" (a mountain of work).
How Formal Is It?
"De Matterhorn is een indrukwekkende berg in de Alpen. (The Matterhorn is an impressive mountain in the Alps.)"
"We gaan de berg op wandelen. (We are going to hike up the mountain.)"
"Die berg is echt hoog! (That mountain is really high!)"
"Kijk, een hele grote berg! (Look, a very big mountain!)"
"Ik moet nog een berg werk doen. (I still have a mountain of work to do. - figurative, meaning a lot of work)"
按水平分级的例句
De kinderen spelen op de berg.
The children are playing on the mountain.
Here, 'berg' is used with the preposition 'op' (on) to indicate location.
We zagen een hoge berg in de verte.
We saw a high mountain in the distance.
'Hoge' is the adjective 'hoog' (high) in its inflected form, modifying 'berg'.
Ik wil graag een berg beklimmen.
I would like to climb a mountain.
'Beklimmen' means 'to climb'. 'Een' is the indefinite article.
De weg naar de berg was lang en kronkelig.
The road to the mountain was long and winding.
'Naar' is a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards'.
Er lag sneeuw op de top van de berg.
There was snow on the top of the mountain.
'Op de top van' means 'on the top of'.
Mijn droom is om ooit op die berg te staan.
My dream is to stand on that mountain someday.
'Ooit' means 'someday' or 'ever'.
De zon scheen fel op de berg.
The sun shone brightly on the mountain.
'Scheen' is the past tense of 'schijnen' (to shine). 'Fel' means 'brightly'.
Vanuit de lucht ziet de berg er klein uit.
From the air, the mountain looks small.
'Vanuit' means 'from' or 'from out of'.
De Matterhorn is een indrukwekkende berg in de Alpen.
The Matterhorn is an impressive mountain in the Alps.
Proper noun, 'een' (a/an) is used before singular indefinite nouns.
Wandelen in de bergen kan een uitdagende maar lonende ervaring zijn.
Hiking in the mountains can be a challenging but rewarding experience.
'bergen' is the plural of 'berg'. 'kan zijn' means 'can be'.
De top van de berg was bedekt met sneeuw, zelfs in de zomer.
The top of the mountain was covered with snow, even in the summer.
'de top van de berg' means 'the top of the mountain'.
Veel mensen zoeken rust en avontuur in de afgelegen bergdorpjes.
Many people seek peace and adventure in the remote mountain villages.
'bergdorpjes' is a compound word: 'berg' + 'dorpjes' (villages).
Tijdens onze vakantie hebben we een prachtige bergwandeling gemaakt.
During our holiday, we made a beautiful mountain hike.
'bergwandeling' is another compound word: 'berg' + 'wandeling' (hike).
De bergketen strekte zich kilometers ver uit, zo ver als het oog reikte.
The mountain range stretched for miles, as far as the eye could see.
'bergketen' means 'mountain range'. 'zo ver als het oog reikte' is an idiom.
Het klimaat aan de voet van de berg is vaak milder dan op grotere hoogte.
The climate at the foot of the mountain is often milder than at higher altitudes.
'aan de voet van de berg' means 'at the foot of the mountain'.
De legende vertelt over een schat die diep in de berg verborgen ligt.
The legend tells of a treasure hidden deep in the mountain.
'verborgen ligt' means 'lies hidden'.
容易混淆的词
A 'heuvel' is a hill.
A 'rots' is a rock or a cliff.
A 'top' is the summit or peak of something.
习语与表达
"Dat is andere koek."
That is a different matter entirely.
Mijn computer is kapot, maar een kapotte telefoon, dat is andere koek.
neutral"Dat is gesneden koek."
That's a piece of cake / very easy.
Voor een ervaren bakker is het maken van brood gesneden koek.
neutral"Ergens de buik vol van hebben."
To be fed up with something.
Ik heb de buik vol van al dat gezeur over geld.
neutral"Iets onder de knie hebben."
To have mastered something.
Na veel oefenen heeft hij het gitaarspelen eindelijk onder de knie.
neutral"Met de deur in huis vallen."
To get straight to the point.
Laten we maar met de deur in huis vallen: ik heb slecht nieuws.
neutral"Een appeltje voor de dorst."
A little something for a rainy day / to save for later.
Het is goed om altijd een appeltje voor de dorst te hebben.
neutral"Zo klaar als een klontje."
Crystal clear / very obvious.
Het antwoord op die vraag is zo klaar als een klontje.
neutral"De kers op de taart."
The icing on the cake / the finishing touch.
Die extra bonus was echt de kers op de taart.
neutral"Twee vliegen in één klap slaan."
To kill two birds with one stone.
Door te fietsen naar het werk sla ik twee vliegen in één klap: ik sport en bespaar geld.
neutral"Oost West, Thuis Best."
East or West, home is best.
Na een lange reis dacht ik: Oost West, Thuis Best.
neutral容易混淆
'Heuvel' also refers to a natural elevation, similar to 'berg'.
'Heuvel' is smaller than a 'berg'. Think of it as a hill.
Die heuvel is makkelijk te beklimmen. (That hill is easy to climb.)
Both 'rots' and 'berg' can be stony and prominent features of a landscape.
'Rots' specifically refers to a rock or a cliff face, which can be part of a mountain but isn't the mountain itself.
De klimmer beklom de steile rots. (The climber scaled the steep rock/cliff.)
The 'top' of a 'berg' is a common phrase, but 'top' can also refer to any peak or summit.
'Top' is the highest point of something, whereas 'berg' is the entire natural elevation.
We hebben de top van de berg bereikt. (We have reached the summit of the mountain.)
'Duin' is also a natural elevation, often found near the coast.
'Duin' is a sand dune, typically smaller and formed by wind, whereas 'berg' is a much larger, often rocky, elevation.
De kinderen speelden op de duinen. (The children played on the dunes.)
Some islands have mountainous terrain, which might lead to confusion.
'Eiland' is a piece of land surrounded by water. While an island can have a 'berg', the terms describe different aspects of geography.
Het eiland heeft een hoge berg in het midden. (The island has a high mountain in the middle.)
自我测试 24 个问题
Listen to the sentence about a famous mountain.
Listen to the sentence about hiking in the mountains.
Listen to the sentence about children playing on a small mound of sand.
Read this aloud:
Kan je de naam van een bekende berg noemen?
Focus: berg
你说的：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
Zou je graag op een berg wonen?
Focus: wonen
你说的：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
Wat zie je als je naar een berg kijkt?
Focus: kijkt
你说的：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
What did the hiker do with the steep mountain?
What kind of view did you have from the mountain top?
What was still on the mountain tops in spring?
Read this aloud:
De bergketen strekte zich uit zover het oog reikte.
Focus: bergketen
你说的：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
Zij droomt ervan ooit een hoge berg te beklimmen.
Focus: beklimmen
你说的：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
De geiten graasden rustig op de helling van de berg.
Focus: helling
你说的：
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence describes the beauty of mountains in Switzerland. 'De bergen' (the mountains) is the subject, followed by the location 'in Zwitserland' (in Switzerland) and the verb 'zijn' (are) with the adjective 'prachtig' (beautiful).
This sentence expresses an intention to climb a mountain. 'We gaan' (we are going) indicates future action, 'volgende week' (next week) specifies the time, and 'de berg beklimmen' (to climb the mountain) is the activity.
This sentence describes the view from a mountain top. 'Vanaf de top van de berg' (from the top of the mountain) sets the location, and 'heb je een geweldig uitzicht' (you have a great view) describes the experience.
The eruption of the volcano created a new mountain. This sentence describes the creation of a mountain by a volcanic eruption.
The landscape is dominated by the imposing mountain range. This sentence highlights the prominent feature of a mountain range in the landscape.
From the top of this mountain, the view is breathtaking. This sentence describes the stunning view from a mountain peak.
/ 24 correct
Perfect score!
