odniesiony 30秒了解
- Odniesiony means achieved, sustained, or referred to.
- It is mostly used in formal contexts like news, business, and medicine.
- Commonly paired with 'sukces' (success), 'rana' (injury), or 'zwycięstwo' (victory).
- Requires the preposition 'do' when meaning 'referred to' or 'related to'.
The Polish word odniesiony is a versatile passive participle that functions as an adjective. It is derived from the perfective verb odnieść, which carries multiple meanings ranging from physical movement to abstract achievement and referencing. At its core, when something is described as odniesiony, it means it has been 'carried back', 'achieved', 'sustained', or 'referred' to a specific context. In the most common B2-level usage, it frequently appears in contexts of success, injury, or intellectual reference. Understanding this word requires looking at the action that preceded it; if a success was 'achieved' (odniesiony sukces), it implies a completed action with a lasting result. It is not just about the act of winning, but the state of the victory having been secured.
- Formal Reference
- In academic or legal writing, odniesiony describes a point or argument that has been directed toward or related to a specific subject (e.g., argument odniesiony do faktów).
- Achievement
- Used primarily with nouns like 'sukces' (success), 'zwycięstwo' (victory), or 'korzyść' (benefit) to denote something gained through effort.
- Medical/Physical Context
- Used to describe injuries or wounds sustained during an event (e.g., rany odniesione w wypadku).
Sukces odniesiony przez naszą firmę na targach w Berlinie otworzył nam drzwi do rynków zachodnich.
The word changes its ending based on the gender and number of the noun it modifies. For example, a feminine noun like korzyść (benefit) requires the form odniesiona, while a neuter noun like zwycięstwo (victory) requires odniesione. In the plural, we use odniesione for non-masculine-personal and odniesieni for masculine-personal (though the latter is rare as we rarely 'achieve' or 'refer' people in this specific grammatical sense). This word is a staple of Polish journalism and formal reporting. You will find it in sports news discussing a 'victory achieved' or in police reports discussing 'injuries sustained'. It elevates the register of the sentence, making it sound more professional and precise than simply saying something 'was' or 'happened'.
Każdy komentarz odniesiony do treści artykułu będzie brany pod uwagę przez redakcję.
In a relational sense, odniesiony is often followed by the preposition do plus the genitive case. This structure is essential for expressing that one thing is 'related to' or 'referenced against' another. In statistics, you might hear about data 'referred to' a baseline year. In literary analysis, a motif might be 'referred to' a historical event. This specific nuance is what marks the word as B2 level; it requires the speaker to manage both the participle agreement and the subsequent prepositional phrase correctly. It is less about 'about' (o) and more about a direct directional link between two concepts. If you are comparing two periods of time, the results of the second are odniesione to the first.
Using odniesiony correctly involves matching it to the noun it describes and, if necessary, linking it to another object using prepositions. Since it is a participle, it behaves exactly like an adjective. Let's look at the primary grammatical patterns. The most common pattern is [Noun] + [odniesiony/a/e] + [by Agent] or [Noun] + [odniesiony/a/e] + [do + Genitive]. Because it is a result-oriented word, it almost always refers to something that has already happened. You wouldn't use it for a success you are currently achieving, but for one that is already 'in the bag'.
- Masculine Singular
- Odniesiony sukces (The achieved success). Example: Odniesiony sukces dał nam motywację.
- Feminine Singular
- Odniesiona rana (The sustained injury). Example: Odniesiona rana nie była groźna.
- Neuter Singular
- Odniesione zwycięstwo (The achieved victory). Example: To było ciężko odniesione zwycięstwo.
Wszystkie wnioski odniesione do tej teorii okazały się błędne.
When used in the sense of 'related to', the preposition do is mandatory. This creates a bridge between the noun and the reference point. For example, if you say 'wynik odniesiony do średniej' (the result referred to the average), you are creating a comparison. This is very common in technical reports. Another important aspect is the 'by' construction. In Polish, the agent who achieved something is expressed in the instrumental case (narzędnik) without a preposition, or using 'przez' + accusative. So, 'sukces odniesiony przez zespół' (success achieved by the team) is the standard way to attribute achievement.
Lekarz ocenił stan pacjenta na podstawie odniesionych obrażeń.
In plural forms, pay attention to the 'męskoosobowy' (masculine personal) vs 'niemęskoosobowy' (non-masculine personal) distinction. While you will rarely see odniesieni, you will very frequently see odniesione (referring to successes, wounds, or points). For instance, 'odniesione rany' (sustained wounds) or 'odniesione sukcesy' (achieved successes). The word usually follows the noun it modifies when it's part of a longer phrase ('sukces odniesiony wczoraj'), but can precede it in shorter, more emphatic expressions ('odniesiony sukces'). In academic writing, placing it after the noun is more common as it allows for the addition of specifying details like dates or conditions.
Odniesiony is not a word you will hear in a casual 'What's up?' conversation at a bar, but you will hear it every single day if you turn on the news, read a newspaper, or work in a Polish office. It is a 'high-register' word that signals professional communication. In the world of sports broadcasting, commentators love this word. They won't just say a team won; they will talk about 'zwycięstwo odniesione w wielkim stylu' (a victory achieved in great style). It adds a layer of weight and importance to the achievement. If you are watching a post-match interview, the athlete might say, 'Cieszę się z odniesionego zwycięstwa' (I am happy with the victory achieved).
W dzisiejszym wydaniu wiadomości podsumujemy sukcesy odniesione przez naszych naukowców.
Another major domain is emergency services and law. In a radio report about a car accident, the dispatcher or reporter will almost certainly use the phrase 'odniesione obrażenia' (sustained injuries). You might hear: 'Kierowca nie przeżył odniesionych obrażeń' (The driver did not survive the sustained injuries). This sounds more clinical and objective than saying 'he was hurt'. In business meetings, when reviewing quarterly results, a manager might speak about 'korzyści odniesione z nowej strategii' (benefits gained/sustained from the new strategy). It frames the benefits as a direct result of a specific action, which is crucial for accountability.
In academic lectures, especially in the humanities or social sciences, professors use odniesiony to link concepts. You might hear: 'Ten problem musi być odniesiony do kontekstu historycznego' (This problem must be referred to the historical context). Here, it functions as a synonym for 'related' or 'contextualized'. It suggests that the item cannot be understood in isolation. If you are writing a thesis in Polish, this word will be one of your best friends for creating logical links between your data and your theories. Finally, in legal documents, you will see it in phrases like 'skutek odniesiony' (the effect achieved/sustained), referring to the legal outcome of an action or a crime.
- Radio/TV News
- Reporting on injuries or sports results.
- Corporate Reports
- Summarizing gains, successes, or market positions.
- Scientific Papers
- Relating data points to theories or prior research.
The most common mistake learners make with odniesiony is confusing it with similar-looking words like odnośny or odnośnie. While they share the same root, their functions are different. Odnośny means 'relevant' or 'respective' (e.g., 'odnośne dokumenty' - the relevant documents), whereas odniesiony is the result of an action. If you say 'odniesione dokumenty', a Pole will think you physically carried the documents back somewhere, not that they are the relevant ones. Another mistake is using the wrong preposition. Learners often try to use 'o' (about) because they are thinking of 'talking about something'. However, odniesiony requires do (to).
❌ Sukces odniesiony *o* ciężkiej pracy.
✅ Sukces odniesiony *dzięki* ciężkiej pracy.
Another error relates to the aspect of the verb. Odniesiony comes from the perfective odnieść. If you are trying to describe a process that is still happening, you cannot use this word. It strictly describes a completed state. For example, you cannot say 'sukces jest odniesiony' if the game is still going on. Furthermore, learners sometimes struggle with the 'injury' context. In English, we 'sustain' or 'suffer' an injury. In Polish, you 'achieve' (odnieść) an injury in a grammatical sense. It sounds strange to English ears to use the same word for a gold medal and a broken leg, but in Polish, both are 'odniesione'.
Gender agreement is the final hurdle. Because odniesiony often appears in complex sentences where the noun is far away from the adjective, learners forget to match them. For instance, in the sentence 'Wszystkie rany, które zostały przez niego w czasie tej długiej i wyczerpującej wojny odniesione...', the word odniesione must be feminine plural to match 'rany'. If the sentence is long, it is easy to default to the masculine 'odniesiony'. Always double-check your noun's gender and number before finalizing the participle ending.
- Confusion with 'Odnośny'
- Using 'odniesiony' to mean 'relevant' instead of 'achieved/referred'.
- Wrong Preposition
- Using 'odniesiony w' instead of 'odniesiony do' when making a reference.
- Agreement Errors
- Failing to match the ending with feminine or neuter nouns like 'rana' or 'zwycięstwo'.
To truly master odniesiony, you should know its synonyms and how they differ in nuance. Depending on the context—whether it's success, injury, or reference—there are better or more specific words you might use. For example, in the context of success, uzyskany (obtained) is a very close synonym. However, uzyskany sounds slightly more technical or bureaucratic, like a result obtained in a lab, while odniesiony sounds more like a hard-won triumph. Zdobyty (conquered/earned) is another alternative, often used for prizes, mountains, or championships, implying a struggle against an opponent or obstacle.
- Uzyskany
- Focuses on the final result or data (e.g., uzyskany wynik - the obtained result).
- Zdobyty
- Focuses on the effort and 'conquering' (e.g., zdobyty puchar - the won trophy).
- Powiązany
- Used for 'related' in a general sense, whereas odniesiony do is a specific reference.
Mamy dwa wyjścia: wynik odniesiony do bazy lub wynik porównany z bazą.
In the context of 'referred to', you can use przypisany (assigned) or powiązany (linked). Przypisany is more about ownership or permanent association, while odniesiony is about the act of making a connection between two points of information. In medical contexts, for 'sustained injuries', you might use doznany (experienced/suffered). While 'odniesione rany' is very common, 'doznany uraz' (experienced trauma) is also standard. Doznany carries a slightly more internal, psychological, or sensory weight, whereas odniesiony is more about the physical fact of having received the injury.
Finally, consider the verb dotyczący (concerning/regarding). If you want to say 'the comment related to the topic', you can say 'komentarz dotyczący tematu'. This is much more common in everyday speech. Odniesiony do tematu is more specific—it implies that the comment was deliberately compared or linked to the topic in a structured way. Use dotyczący for general 'aboutness' and reserve odniesiony for formal comparisons or when you want to highlight that one thing is being measured or viewed through the lens of another.
How Formal Is It?
趣味小知识
The metaphorical shift from 'carrying something back' to 'achieving a success' or 'making a reference' happened because an achievement was seen as something you 'bring home' or 'carry back' as a result of your labor.
发音指南
- Pronouncing 'nie' as two separate syllables 'ni-e'. It should be one palatalized sound.
- Pronouncing 'si' as a hard English 'sh'. It is a soft Polish 'ś'.
- Missing the 'd' sound and saying 'oniesiony'.
- Stressing the first syllable.
- Pronouncing the final 'y' like an English 'ee'. It should be a lower, central vowel.
难度评级
Easy to recognize in context, but requires knowing the multiple meanings of 'odnieść'.
Requires correct gender/number/case agreement and prepositional knowledge.
Hard to use naturally in casual speech; usually reserved for formal presentations.
Common in news; once you know the collocations, it's easy to spot.
接下来学什么
前置知识
接下来学习
高级
需要掌握的语法
Passive Adjectival Participle Formation
odnieść -> odniesiony (change 'ść' to 'siony')
Case Agreement
o odniesionym (Locative) sukcesie (Locative)
Prepositional Government (do + Genitive)
odniesiony do (preposition) faktów (Genitive)
Instrumental for Agent
sukces odniesiony ciężką pracą (Instrumental case for 'hard work')
Gender Agreement in Participles
odniesiona (fem) rana (fem), odniesione (neut) zwycięstwo (neut)
按水平分级的例句
To jest odniesiony sukces.
This is an achieved success.
Simple adjective-noun agreement (masculine).
Odniesiona rana boli.
The sustained wound hurts.
Feminine form 'odniesiona' matching 'rana'.
On ma odniesione zwycięstwo.
He has an achieved victory.
Neuter form 'odniesione' matching 'zwycięstwo'.
To są odniesione rany.
These are sustained wounds.
Plural non-masculine form.
Sukces był odniesiony szybko.
The success was achieved quickly.
Passive construction with 'być'.
Ona cieszy się z odniesionej wygranej.
She is happy about the achieved win.
Genitive case after 'z'.
Odniesiony puchar jest złoty.
The won cup is gold.
Masculine singular.
To jest ważne odniesione zwycięstwo.
This is an important achieved victory.
Neuter singular.
Mój brat opisał odniesiony sukces w szkole.
My brother described the success achieved at school.
Accusative case (same as nominative for inanimate masculine).
Lekarz zapytał o odniesione obrażenia.
The doctor asked about the sustained injuries.
Accusative plural.
Drużyna świętuje odniesione zwycięstwo.
The team is celebrating the achieved victory.
Accusative neuter.
Czy to jest rana odniesiona wczoraj?
Is this the wound sustained yesterday?
Feminine singular.
Odniesione korzyści są bardzo duże.
The benefits gained are very large.
Plural non-masculine.
On mówił o sukcesie odniesionym w pracy.
He talked about the success achieved at work.
Locative case.
Każda odniesiona rana uczy nas czegoś.
Every sustained wound teaches us something.
Feminine nominative.
To zwycięstwo, odniesione z trudem, jest cenne.
This victory, achieved with difficulty, is precious.
Neuter singular with a prepositional phrase.
W raporcie opisano sukcesy odniesione przez firmę.
The report described the successes achieved by the company.
Plural accusative with 'przez' + agent.
Pacjent szybko wrócił do zdrowia po odniesionych urazach.
The patient recovered quickly after the sustained traumas.
Locative plural after 'po'.
Ten komentarz powinien być odniesiony do tekstu.
This comment should be referred to the text.
Passive participle with 'do' + Genitive.
Dzięki odniesionej wygranej mamy szansę na finał.
Thanks to the achieved win, we have a chance for the final.
Dative case after 'dzięki'.
Odniesione przez niego rany były powierzchowne.
The wounds sustained by him were superficial.
Plural feminine nominative.
Każdy sukces odniesiony bez wysiłku ma mniejszą wartość.
Every success achieved without effort has less value.
Masculine singular nominative.
Proszę sprawdzić dane odniesione do poprzedniego roku.
Please check the data referred to the previous year.
Accusative plural neuter/non-masculine.
Wszystkie odniesione korzyści zostaną zainwestowane.
All the gained benefits will be invested.
Future passive construction.
Sukces odniesiony na arenie międzynarodowej umocnił naszą pozycję.
The success achieved on the international stage strengthened our position.
High-level vocabulary 'arena międzynarodowa'.
Liczba ofiar i skala odniesionych obrażeń była przerażająca.
The number of victims and the scale of sustained injuries was terrifying.
Genitive plural.
Wniosek ten musi być bezpośrednio odniesiony do wyników badań.
This conclusion must be directly referred to the research results.
Adverbial modification 'bezpośrednio'.
Odniesione przez Polskę zwycięstwo w bitwie pod Wiedniem zmieniło historię.
The victory achieved by Poland in the Battle of Vienna changed history.
Historical context usage.
Analizujemy zyski odniesione w trzecim kwartale bieżącego roku.
We are analyzing the profits gained in the third quarter of the current year.
Business terminology.
Wartość ta, odniesiona do średniej krajowej, wydaje się niska.
This value, referred to the national average, seems low.
Comparative reference usage.
Pomimo odniesionych porażek, sportowiec nie poddał się.
Despite the sustained defeats, the athlete did not give up.
Genitive plural after 'pomimo'.
Każdy argument odniesiony do faktów jest trudny do podważenia.
Every argument referred to facts is hard to undermine.
Logical/Academic usage.
Ekspertyza skupia się na charakterze obrażeń odniesionych w wyniku wybuchu.
The expert opinion focuses on the nature of the injuries sustained as a result of the explosion.
Formal expertise language.
Sukces odniesiony kosztem etyki zawodowej jest wątpliwy moralnie.
Success achieved at the expense of professional ethics is morally questionable.
Complex moral/ethical context.
Zjawisko to powinno być odniesione do szerszego kontekstu socjologicznego.
This phenomenon should be referred to a broader sociological context.
Academic passive 'powinno być odniesione'.
Odniesione rany psychiczne goją się znacznie wolniej niż fizyczne.
Sustained psychological wounds heal much slower than physical ones.
Metaphorical usage.
Wszelkie roszczenia odniesione do tej umowy będą rozpatrywane przez sąd.
Any claims referred to this agreement will be considered by the court.
Legal terminology.
Poczucie triumfu odniesione nad własnymi słabościami jest bezcenne.
The sense of triumph achieved over one's own weaknesses is priceless.
Abstract emotional context.
Dane odniesione do próby kontrolnej wykazały istotne statystycznie różnice.
Data referred to the control sample showed statistically significant differences.
Scientific/Statistical language.
To było pyrrusowe zwycięstwo, odniesione zbyt wielkim kosztem.
It was a Pyrrhic victory, achieved at too great a cost.
Idiomatic/Historical reference.
Ontologiczny status bytu musi zostać odniesiony do kategorii czasu i przestrzeni.
The ontological status of being must be referred to the categories of time and space.
Philosophical register.
Skutek odniesiony przez powoda był bezpośrednim następstwem zaniedbania.
The effect sustained by the plaintiff was a direct consequence of negligence.
Highly formal legal phrasing.
Wszelkie dygresje, acz błyskotliwe, winny być odniesione do meritum sprawy.
Any digressions, however brilliant, should be referred to the heart of the matter.
Archaic/Formal 'winny być'.
Proporcja ta, odniesiona do skali makroekonomicznej, traci na znaczeniu.
This proportion, referred to the macroeconomic scale, loses its significance.
Macroeconomic analysis context.
Zwycięstwo odniesione w sferze ducha jest trwalsze niż to materialne.
A victory achieved in the sphere of the spirit is more lasting than a material one.
Spiritual/Philosophical context.
Obrażenia odniesione przez strukturę budynku uniemożliwiają jego eksploatację.
The damage sustained by the building's structure makes its use impossible.
Technical engineering usage.
Ten postulat, odniesiony do realiów epoki, brzmi rewolucyjnie.
This postulate, referred to the realities of the era, sounds revolutionary.
Historical/Sociological analysis.
Piękno odniesione do kanonów klasycznych jest tu wyraźnie widoczne.
Beauty referred to classical canons is clearly visible here.
Art criticism context.
近义词
反义词
常见搭配
常用短语
— As a result of sustained injuries. Used in news reports.
Mężczyzna zmarł w wyniku odniesionych obrażeń.
— Success achieved at the cost of... Implies a trade-off.
To był sukces odniesiony kosztem zdrowia.
— Referred to reality. Used to check if something is realistic.
Twój plan musi być odniesiony do rzeczywistości.
— A victory achieved in great style. Common in sports journalism.
To było zwycięstwo odniesione w wielkim stylu przez naszą kadrę.
— Benefits gained from the project. Formal business phrasing.
Musimy podsumować korzyści odniesione z projektu.
— Referred to the base/baseline. Used in technical or economic data.
Wskaźnik odniesiony do bazy z 2010 roku.
— A wound sustained in battle. Historical or metaphorical.
To jest rana odniesiona w walce o wolność.
— Success achieved by the team. Standard way to attribute achievement.
Odniesiony przez zespół sukces został nagrodzony.
— The impression gained during the meeting.
Wrażenie odniesione podczas spotkania było dziwne.
— Referred to the source text. Common in translation or research.
Każdy cytat musi być odniesiony do tekstu źródłowego.
容易混淆的词
Means 'relevant'. 'Odnośne dokumenty' are the documents that matter. 'Odniesione dokumenty' are documents that were physically carried back.
An adverb meaning 'regarding'. 'Odnośnie twojej prośby' (Regarding your request).
The opposite in context. Used for losses (poniesiona strata) or costs (poniesione koszty).
习语与表达
— To achieve success. This is the verb phrase the adjective comes from.
Chcę odnieść sukces w życiu.
neutral— To suffer a defeat (though 'ponieść' is more common, 'odnieść' is used).
Niestety, nasza drużyna odniosła porażkę.
neutral— To refer to something or to take a stance on something.
Proszę odnieść się do moich słów.
neutral— To have an effect / to be successful in effort.
Lekarstwo w końcu odniosło skutek.
neutral容易混淆
Both mean 'obtained/achieved'.
'Uzyskany' is more about the final number or data point. 'Odniesiony' is more about the act of winning or sustaining something significant.
Uzyskany wynik (the score) vs Odniesiony sukces (the triumph).
Both mean 'won'.
'Zdobyty' implies taking something from someone else or climbing a mountain. 'Odniesiony' is more general for any achievement.
Zdobyty puchar vs Odniesione zwycięstwo.
Both used for injuries.
'Doznany' is more about the internal experience. 'Odniesiony' is more about the objective fact of the injury.
Doznany szok vs Odniesiona rana.
Both mean 'related'.
'Powiązany' is a loose link. 'Odniesiony do' is a structured reference or comparison.
Fakty powiązane ze sobą vs Wynik odniesiony do normy.
Similar prefix and root.
'Przeniesiony' means 'moved/transferred' (from A to B). 'Odniesiony' means 'carried back' or 'achieved'.
Przeniesiony termin spotkania vs Odniesiony sukces.
句型
[Noun] odniesiony przez [Person/Group]
Sukces odniesiony przez naszą klasę.
[Noun] odniesiony do [Reference Point]
Wynik odniesiony do średniej.
W wyniku odniesionych [Plural Noun]
W wyniku odniesionych obrażeń.
[Noun] odniesiony kosztem [Value/Price]
Zwycięstwo odniesione kosztem zdrowia.
Biorąc pod uwagę odniesiony [Noun]
Biorąc pod uwagę odniesiony sukces.
[Abstract Noun] odniesiony do [Philosophical Category]
Byt odniesiony do nicości.
Dzięki odniesionemu [Noun]
Dzięki odniesionemu zwycięstwu.
To jest ciężko odniesiony [Noun]
To jest ciężko odniesiony sukces.
词族
名词
动词
形容词
相关
如何使用
High in written Polish, medium in spoken Polish.
-
Using 'odniesiony o' for references.
→
odniesiony do
References in Polish use the preposition 'do' (to), not 'o' (about).
-
Confusing 'odniesiony' with 'odnośny'.
→
odnośny (for 'relevant')
'Odnośny' means relevant; 'odniesiony' means achieved or referred.
-
Using 'odniesiony' for failures.
→
poniesiony
You 'odnosisz' success, but you usually 'ponosisz' failure (poniesiona porażka).
-
Incorrect gender agreement: 'odniesiony rana'.
→
odniesiona rana
'Rana' is feminine, so the adjective must end in '-a'.
-
Using it for current actions: 'odniesiony teraz'.
→
odnoszony (imperfective participle)
'Odniesiony' is perfective and describes a finished state. For ongoing actions, use 'odnoszony'.
小贴士
Gender Matching
Always match the ending. Success (sukces) = odniesiony. Wound (rana) = odniesiona. Victory (zwycięstwo) = odniesione. Injuries (obrażenia) = odniesione.
Medical Reports
If you are reading a Polish news story about an accident, 'odniesione obrażenia' is the key phrase to look for to understand the severity of the situation.
Formal Writing
Use 'odniesiony' instead of 'który był' to make your sentences more concise and professional. 'Sukces, który był wczoraj' -> 'Sukces odniesiony wczoraj'.
Academic Link
Use 'odniesiony do' when you are comparing your findings to someone else's work in a university paper.
The 'Carry-Back' Rule
Remember the root 'nieść' (carry). You carried the victory back home. That's why it's 'odniesiony'.
Don't Overuse
In casual talk with friends, use 'mieliśmy sukces' or 'udało się'. 'Odniesiony' can sound too stiff for a pizza party.
The 'Do' Bridge
Whenever you make a reference, use 'do'. 'Odniesiony do faktów', 'odniesiony do danych', 'odniesiony do przeszłości'.
Sports News
Watch the sports section of Polish news. You will hear 'odniesione zwycięstwo' at least once per broadcast.
Legal Precision
In legal contexts, 'odniesiony' implies a direct causal link. Use it when one action caused a specific result.
Stress Pattern
Listen for the stress on 'SIO'. Polish stress is almost always on the second-to-last syllable. od-nie-SIO-ny.
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记忆技巧
Think of 'OD-NIEŚ-IONY'. 'OD' (back) + 'NIEŚ' (carry). You 'carried back' a trophy, so you 'achieved' it. Or you 'carried back' a point to its source, so you 'referred' it.
视觉联想
Imagine a soldier carrying a wounded comrade (odniesiona rana) or an athlete carrying a massive trophy (odniesiony sukces).
Word Web
挑战
Try to use 'odniesiony' in three different sentences today: one about a win, one about a hurt, and one about a comparison.
词源
Derived from the Old Slavic root '*nesti' (to carry). The prefix 'od-' generally means 'away' or 'back'.
原始含义： The original meaning was literally 'to carry something back to its place'.
Indo-European, Slavic, West Slavic, Polish.文化背景
Be careful when using it for 'injuries' (obrażenia). It is formal and clinical; in a very emotional personal setting, more direct words like 'skrzywdzony' or 'ranny' might be used.
English uses different verbs ('achieve', 'sustain', 'refer', 'gain'). Polish uses this one participle for all of them.
在生活中练习
真实语境
Sports Journalism
- zwycięstwo odniesione u siebie
- triumf odniesiony na wyjeździe
- sukces odniesiony po dogrywce
- wygrana odniesiona rzutem na taśmę
Medical Reports
- obrażenia odniesione w wypadku
- rany odniesione od noża
- urazy odniesione podczas upadku
- śmierć w wyniku odniesionych ran
Business/Finance
- zyski odniesione w kwartale
- korzyści odniesione z fuzji
- sukces odniesiony na giełdzie
- straty odniesione przez inwestorów
Academic Writing
- wniosek odniesiony do hipotezy
- wynik odniesiony do grupy kontrolnej
- przykład odniesiony do teorii
- komentarz odniesiony do literatury
Legal/Official
- skutek odniesiony przez działanie
- szkoda odniesiona przez powoda
- zarzut odniesiony do paragrafu
- roszczenie odniesione do umowy
对话开场白
"Czy słyszałeś o sukcesie odniesionym przez naszą reprezentację?"
"Jakie korzyści odniesione z tego kursu uważasz za najważniejsze?"
"Czy te dane powinny być odniesione do poprzedniego miesiąca?"
"Jak oceniasz szanse na sukces odniesiony w tak krótkim czasie?"
"Czy wiesz coś o obrażeniach odniesionych przez poszkodowanych?"
日记主题
Opisz największy sukces odniesiony przez Ciebie w tym roku.
Czy kiedykolwiek czułeś, że odniesione przez Ciebie zwycięstwo było 'pyrrusowe'?
Napisz o ważnej lekcji odniesionej z Twojej największej porażki.
Jakie korzyści odniesione z nauki języka polskiego zauważasz na co dzień?
Zinterpretuj cytat o sukcesie odniesionym nad samym sobą.
常见问题
10 个问题Technically yes, but it sounds very formal. If you tell a friend 'Odniosłem sukces w gotowaniu obiadu', they might think you are being sarcastic or very dramatic. Use 'Udało mi się ugotować świetny obiad' instead.
They are very similar. 'Odniesiony' is more common in sports and journalism. 'Osiągnięty' is more common when talking about long-term goals or career milestones. You 'odnosisz' a victory in a match, but you 'osiągasz' a goal after five years of work.
Usually, yes, because accidents often result in more than one injury. However, you can say 'odniesiony uraz' (sustained trauma) if referring to a single specific injury. The plural 'obrażenia' is the standard phrase in police and medical reports.
Only when you mean 'referred to' or 'related to'. If you mean 'achieved' (as in success), you don't need 'do'. You just say 'odniesiony sukces'. If you are comparing it, you say 'sukces odniesiony do oczekiwań'.
Hardly ever. You don't 'achieve' a person. You might 'carry back' a person (odniesiony ranny), but it's much more common to use 'odstawiony' or 'przeniesiony' for people.
Yes, 'nieodniesiony'. It means 'not achieved'. For example, 'nieodniesiony sukces' (a success that wasn't achieved). It's rare but grammatically possible.
It's a very soft sound. Put your tongue near your upper teeth and blow air gently. It sounds like a whispery 'sh'. It is the same sound as in 'siedem' (seven).
The Genitive case (Dopełniacz). For example: 'odniesiony do tekstu' (text - Genitive: tekstu).
Yes! It's perfect for business. Phrases like 'sukcesy odniesione przez nasz dział' (successes achieved by our department) sound very professional.
Mostly, yes. In a sentence like 'The points referred to the previous chapter', you would use 'odniesione do poprzedniego rozdziału'.
自我测试 200 个问题
Write a sentence in Polish about a success achieved by your friend.
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Translate: 'The injuries sustained in the accident were serious.'
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Use the word 'odniesiony' to compare a result to an average.
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Write a formal sentence about a victory achieved by a football team.
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Translate: 'This comment is referred to the first paragraph.'
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Write a sentence about a benefit gained from a new job.
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Translate: 'Every wound sustained in life makes us stronger.'
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Create a sentence using 'odniesiony' in the Locative case (o...).
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Translate: 'The impression I got was very positive.'
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Write a sentence about profits gained in the last quarter.
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Translate: 'The victory was achieved at a high price.'
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Use 'odniesione' in a sentence about sports news.
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Translate: 'The claims referred to the contract are valid.'
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Write a short note to a colleague about a success achieved by the team.
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Translate: 'The data referred to the control group showed differences.'
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Write a sentence about an injury sustained during sports.
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Translate: 'He is proud of the success achieved.'
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Write a sentence using 'odniesiona' (feminine).
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Translate: 'The effect achieved was unexpected.'
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Write a formal sentence about a triumph over difficulties.
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Opowiedz o sukcesie odniesionym przez Ciebie w ostatnim miesiącu.
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Jakie są najczęstsze obrażenia odniesione podczas uprawiania sportu?
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Czy uważasz, że sukces odniesiony szybko jest gorszy od tego wypracowanego latami?
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Jakie korzyści odniesione z nauki języków są dla Ciebie najważniejsze?
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Wyjaśnij znaczenie frazy 'odnieść sukces'.
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Opisz sytuację, w której ktoś odniósł ranę.
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Dlaczego w raportach używa się słowa 'odniesiony' zamiast 'zrobiony'?
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Jakie wrażenie odniosłeś po przeczytaniu tego tekstu?
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Czy sukces odniesiony kosztem innych jest prawdziwym sukcesem?
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Podaj przykład zwycięstwa odniesionego przez Polskę w historii.
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Co to znaczy, że wynik jest 'odniesiony do średniej'?
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Jakie znasz synonimy słowa 'odniesiony'?
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Kiedy ostatnio odniosłeś jakąś korzyść?
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Czy odniesione rany psychiczne są trudniejsze do wyleczenia?
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Jakie sukcesy odniesione przez Twoją firmę uważasz za kluczowe?
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Opowiedz o triumfie odniesionym nad własnym strachem.
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Co czujesz po odniesionym zwycięstwie?
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Czy wolisz sukcesy odniesione indywidualnie czy zespołowo?
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Jakie straty odniesione w czasie kryzysu były najdotkliwsze?
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Czy argumenty odniesione do emocji są skuteczne?
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Słuchasz wiadomości: 'Kierowca zmarł w wyniku odniesionych obrażeń'. Co się stało?
Komentator mówi: 'To zwycięstwo odniesione u siebie cieszy najbardziej'. Gdzie grali?
Szef mówi: 'Musimy podsumować korzyści odniesione z nowej kampanii'. O czym będzie spotkanie?
Lekarz mówi: 'Rana odniesiona wczoraj wygląda dobrze'. Czy pacjent jest w dobrym stanie?
Słyszysz: 'Ten sukces, odniesiony kosztem zdrowia, nie był tego wart'. Co sądzi mówca?
W radiu: 'Odniesiony triumf Polaków na olimpiadzie'. O czym mowa?
Naukowiec mówi: 'Wynik odniesiony do próby kontrolnej jest istotny'. Co to oznacza?
Słyszysz: 'Wszelkie roszczenia odniesione do umowy zostaną sprawdzone'. Kto to mówi?
W wywiadzie: 'Wrażenie odniesione na początku było inne'. Czy opinia się zmieniła?
Słyszysz: 'Odniesione przez nas straty są do zaakceptowania'. Czy sytuacja jest tragiczna?
Wiadomość: 'Sukces odniesiony rzutem na taśmę'. Kiedy wygrali?
Słyszysz: 'Obrażenia odniesione przez budynek są poważne'. Co to znaczy?
Prezenter: 'To było ciężko odniesione zwycięstwo'. Jak wygrali?
Słyszysz: 'Dzięki odniesionej wygranej mamy szansę'. Co daje ta wygrana?
W pociągu: 'Z powodu obrażeń odniesionych przez pasażera pociąg ma opóźnienie'. Co się stało?
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Summary
The word <b>odniesiony</b> is a formal way to describe something that has been achieved or sustained through effort or an event. Example: 'Sukces odniesiony dzięki pracy' (Success achieved through work).
- Odniesiony means achieved, sustained, or referred to.
- It is mostly used in formal contexts like news, business, and medicine.
- Commonly paired with 'sukces' (success), 'rana' (injury), or 'zwycięstwo' (victory).
- Requires the preposition 'do' when meaning 'referred to' or 'related to'.
Gender Matching
Always match the ending. Success (sukces) = odniesiony. Wound (rana) = odniesiona. Victory (zwycięstwo) = odniesione. Injuries (obrażenia) = odniesione.
Medical Reports
If you are reading a Polish news story about an accident, 'odniesione obrażenia' is the key phrase to look for to understand the severity of the situation.
Formal Writing
Use 'odniesiony' instead of 'który był' to make your sentences more concise and professional. 'Sukces, który był wczoraj' -> 'Sukces odniesiony wczoraj'.
Academic Link
Use 'odniesiony do' when you are comparing your findings to someone else's work in a university paper.
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abstrakcyjny
C1Existing in thought or as an idea but not having physical existence.
ambiguitet
C1the quality of being open to more than one interpretation
analiza
B1a detailed examination of elements or structure of something
analizować
B1To examine something in detail
argument
B1为支持某种主张而提出的理由。在波兰语中，它指的是逻辑论据，而不是争吵。
argumentować
B2To give reasons in support of an idea.
artykuł
A2Article.
aspekt
B2“Aspekt”（方面）是指某事物的特定特征或细节。
błędny
B2这是一个错误的假设。
celowość
B2The quality of being purposeful or intended
