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A1 adjective #1,800 最常用 9分钟阅读

brasileira

前1,800

At the A1 level, the word 'brasileira' is introduced as a basic vocabulary item for expressing nationality and describing simple objects. Learners are taught that Portuguese nouns have genders, and adjectives must match them. Since 'brasileira' ends in 'a', it is the feminine form. You use it when talking about a woman from Brazil ('Ela é brasileira') or when describing feminine nouns like 'comida' (food) or 'música' (music). It is one of the first adjectives learned because discussing where you are from and what you like is a core part of beginner conversations. The pronunciation is relatively straightforward, though learners must remember that the 's' sounds like a 'z' because it sits between two vowels. At this stage, the focus is on simple sentences using the verb 'ser' (to be), such as 'A Maria é brasileira' or 'A caipirinha é uma bebida brasileira'. Capitalization rules are also introduced: unlike in English, nationalities are written in lowercase in Portuguese.

At the A2 level, learners expand their use of 'brasileira' to describe a wider variety of everyday situations, routines, and preferences. The vocabulary broadens to include concepts like 'cultura brasileira' (Brazilian culture), 'televisão brasileira' (Brazilian television), and 'cidade brasileira' (Brazilian city). Students practice pluralization, learning that adding an 's' creates 'brasileiras', used for groups of women or plural feminine nouns ('as praias brasileiras'). The distinction between 'ser' and 'estar' becomes clearer, reinforcing that nationality is an inherent trait requiring 'ser'. Learners also begin to encounter the word in short texts, menus, and travel brochures, recognizing it as a key descriptor for tourism and cultural exports. Common mistakes, such as placing the adjective before the noun (e.g., 'a brasileira música'), are actively corrected, solidifying the post-nominal adjective rule in Portuguese syntax.

At the B1 level, 'brasileira' is used in more complex sentences and abstract contexts. Learners discuss topics like 'a economia brasileira' (the Brazilian economy), 'a sociedade brasileira' (Brazilian society), and 'a política brasileira' (Brazilian politics). The word is no longer just a simple descriptor of people or food; it becomes a tool for expressing opinions and analyzing cultural phenomena. Students might write short essays or give presentations about aspects of Brazilian life, requiring consistent and accurate gender agreement across multiple paragraphs. Compound adjectives are introduced, such as 'luso-brasileira' or 'afro-brasileira', allowing for more nuanced discussions about history and demographics. Listening comprehension improves, enabling learners to catch the word in fast-paced speech, podcasts, and news broadcasts, where it often blends smoothly with surrounding words.

At the B2 level, the usage of 'brasileira' is expected to be automatic and flawless regarding gender and number agreement. Learners engage with authentic materials, such as literature, academic articles, and unadapted news reports, where the word appears frequently in sophisticated contexts. The focus shifts to understanding cultural nuances and regional diversity within the overarching 'identidade brasileira' (Brazilian identity). Discussions might involve comparing Brazilian customs with those of other countries, using comparative structures ('A cultura brasileira é mais...'). Students also learn to recognize and use the word in idiomatic expressions or culturally specific contexts, such as 'jeitinho brasileiro' (the Brazilian way of doing things), though 'jeitinho' is masculine, requiring 'brasileiro'. When modifying feminine abstract nouns like 'criatividade' or 'resiliência', 'brasileira' is used to highlight national characteristics.

At the C1 level, learners possess a deep, nuanced understanding of 'brasileira' and its socio-cultural implications. They can debate complex topics related to Brazilian history, sociology, and arts with native-like fluency. The word is used effortlessly in highly abstract and academic discourse, such as discussing 'a miscigenação brasileira' (Brazilian miscegenation) or 'a literatura contemporânea brasileira' (contemporary Brazilian literature). At this stage, learners are sensitive to register and tone, understanding when to use national demonyms versus regional ones (like 'nordestina' or 'sulista') to be more precise. They can also comprehend subtle cultural critiques or patriotic sentiments expressed through the word in poetry, political speeches, and editorial pieces. The focus is on stylistic variation and the precise articulation of ideas concerning the Brazilian female experience or feminine national concepts.

At the C2 level, mastery of 'brasileira' is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker. The user navigates the deepest layers of cultural, historical, and linguistic contexts where the word appears. They can analyze the evolution of 'a identidade brasileira' through different historical epochs and literary movements. The word is employed with rhetorical precision in persuasive writing, academic dissertations, or high-level professional negotiations. The C2 user intuitively understands the emotional and cultural weight the word carries in various contexts, from the pride of 'a alma brasileira' (the Brazilian soul) to the socio-economic realities of 'a mulher brasileira' in the modern workforce. Errors in agreement or placement are non-existent, and the word is seamlessly integrated into complex syntactic structures, demonstrating complete command of the Portuguese language and its cultural landscape.

开始练习例句笔记与提示

brasileira 30秒了解

Feminine form of Brazilian.
Used for women and feminine nouns.
Always follows the noun it modifies.
Not capitalized in Portuguese.

The Portuguese word brasileira is the feminine singular form of the adjective and noun used to describe someone or something originating from Brazil. In Portuguese, adjectives must agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. Therefore, when referring to a woman, a feminine object, or a feminine concept related to Brazil, you must use brasileira instead of the masculine brasileiro. Understanding this fundamental rule of gender agreement is essential for mastering Portuguese, as it applies to almost all nationalities and descriptive adjectives. The concept of being brasileira carries deep cultural significance, evoking the rich, diverse, and vibrant heritage of Brazil, from its music and cuisine to its landscapes and people.

Grammatical Function: Functions primarily as an adjective modifying feminine nouns, but can also act as a standalone noun referring to a Brazilian woman.

A cantora brasileira ganhou um prêmio internacional.

When you use this word, you are not just stating a geographical fact; you are invoking a specific cultural identity. Whether you are talking about comida brasileira (Brazilian food), música brasileira (Brazilian music), or cultura brasileira (Brazilian culture), the feminine form is ubiquitous because many of the core cultural nouns in Portuguese are feminine. This makes brasileira one of the most frequently used adjectives for anyone interacting with Brazilian culture.

Cultural Context: Often associated with warmth, hospitality, and a rich artistic tradition that spans across the globe.

Eu adoro a culinária brasileira.

In addition to its use as an adjective, it is perfectly common to use it as a noun. If someone asks 'De onde ela é?' (Where is she from?), the answer can simply be 'Ela é brasileira' (She is Brazilian). Here, it functions as a predicate adjective or noun, defining her nationality. The plural form is brasileiras, used for groups of women or feminine plural nouns.

Pluralization: Simply add an 's' to the end to make it plural: brasileiras.

Minha amiga é brasileira e mora no Rio.

A literatura brasileira é muito rica.

Ela tem cidadania brasileira.

Using brasileira correctly involves understanding Portuguese syntax, specifically noun-adjective placement and gender agreement. Unlike English, where the adjective precedes the noun (e.g., Brazilian music), in Portuguese, the adjective typically follows the noun it modifies (e.g., música brasileira). This post-nominal placement is the standard rule for adjectives of nationality, origin, and classification. When you construct sentences, you must first identify the gender of the noun. If the noun is feminine, such as comida (food), praia (beach), mulher (woman), or cidade (city), you must use brasileira.

Syntax Rule: Place 'brasileira' immediately after the feminine noun it describes.

Nós comemos uma feijoada brasileira ontem.

Another crucial aspect of using this word is its interaction with the verbs ser and estar. Because nationality and origin are considered permanent characteristics, you will almost exclusively use the verb ser (to be - permanent) rather than estar (to be - temporary). For example, you say Ela é brasileira (She is Brazilian). You would never say Ela está brasileira, as that implies she is only temporarily Brazilian, which sounds nonsensical in Portuguese.

Verb Pairing: Always pair with the verb 'ser' for stating nationality.

A atriz principal do filme é brasileira.

In formal writing, ensure that you do not capitalize nationalities. This is a common mistake for English speakers. Write a cultura brasileira, not a cultura Brasileira. The only exception is if the word begins a sentence or is part of a proper title where capitalization rules apply differently. Furthermore, when using it as a noun, it can take definite and indefinite articles: a brasileira (the Brazilian woman) or uma brasileira (a Brazilian woman).

Article Usage: Can be preceded by 'a' or 'uma' when used as a noun.

Conheci uma brasileira muito simpática no trem.

A bandeira brasileira é verde e amarela.

Esta marca é 100% brasileira.

You will hear the word brasileira in almost every context where Brazil is discussed, both within the country and internationally. In everyday conversation, it is frequently used in introductions and small talk. When traveling, immigration officers, hotel staff, and new acquaintances will use it to ask about or confirm nationality. In restaurants, menus will proudly advertise comida brasileira or specific regional dishes described with feminine nouns. The cultural sphere is perhaps where the word shines the brightest, deeply embedded in the arts and entertainment industries.

Music Industry: MPB stands for Música Popular Brasileira, a major genre.

Ela canta música popular brasileira.

In sports, particularly during international events like the Olympics or the World Cup, commentators frequently refer to the seleção brasileira (the Brazilian national team). Because the word seleção is feminine, the adjective must be brasileira. This phrase is heard constantly on television, radio, and in casual sports debates in bars and homes across the country. Similarly, when discussing the passionate fanbase, you might hear about the torcida brasileira.

Sports Context: Used extensively when referring to national teams (seleção) and fanbases (torcida).

A seleção brasileira vai jogar amanhã.

In academic and news settings, the word is used to describe the economy (a economia brasileira), society (a sociedade brasileira), and politics (a política brasileira). Because these abstract nouns end in '-a' and are feminine, the adjective form remains constant. This makes it a high-frequency word in journalism, podcasts, and documentaries discussing the nation's affairs.

News & Media: Commonly modifies feminine abstract nouns like economia, política, and cultura.

A economia brasileira está crescendo.

A novela brasileira faz sucesso em Portugal.

A fauna brasileira é muito diversa.

The most frequent mistake learners make with brasileira is ignoring gender agreement. English speakers are accustomed to adjectives having a single, invariable form. Consequently, a learner might say o homem brasileira or o café brasileira, which sounds immediately incorrect to a native speaker. The rule is strict: masculine nouns require brasileiro, and feminine nouns require brasileira. Paying attention to the gender of the noun you are modifying is the most critical step in avoiding this error.

Gender Mismatch: Using 'brasileira' with a masculine noun like 'homem' or 'carro'.

Incorreto: O café brasileira. Correto: O café brasileiro.

Another prevalent error involves capitalization. In English, nationalities are proper adjectives and are always capitalized (e.g., Brazilian). In Portuguese, nationalities are common adjectives and are written in lowercase unless they appear at the beginning of a sentence. Writing Ela é Brasileira is a grammatical error in Portuguese orthography. It should always be written as Ela é brasileira. This rule applies to all nationalities and languages in Portuguese.

Capitalization Error: Capitalizing the word in the middle of a sentence.

Incorreto: A música Brasileira. Correto: A música brasileira.

Word order is also a stumbling block. Placing the adjective before the noun (e.g., a brasileira comida) is a direct translation from English syntax and is incorrect in Portuguese. Adjectives of nationality must follow the noun. Furthermore, learners sometimes confuse the noun form of the country (Brasil) with the adjective. Saying Ela é de brasileira is incorrect; it should be Ela é do Brasil or Ela é brasileira.

Word Order: Placing the adjective before the noun instead of after.

Incorreto: A brasileira mulher. Correto: A mulher brasileira.

Incorreto: Ela é de brasileira. Correto: Ela é brasileira.

Lembre-se: a cultura brasileira é rica.

While brasileira is the direct translation for a Brazilian female or feminine object, there are several related terms and synonyms used in specific contexts. Understanding these nuances helps enrich your vocabulary and allows for more precise communication. For instance, words denoting regional identity within Brazil or broader continental identities are frequently used alongside or instead of the national demonym.

Sul-americana: Meaning 'South American' (feminine). A broader geographic term that includes Brazilians.

Como uma nação sul-americana, o Brasil tem grande influência.

Another common related term is latina. While Brazil is part of Latin America, Brazilians speak Portuguese, not Spanish, which sometimes creates a nuanced distinction in how the term latina is applied compared to Hispanic countries. However, geographically and culturally, a Brazilian woman is also latina. In compound adjectives, you might see forms like luso-brasileira (Luso-Brazilian, relating to Portugal and Brazil) or afro-brasileira (Afro-Brazilian), which are crucial for discussing history, culture, and demographics.

Afro-brasileira: Refers to the African influence in Brazil or a Brazilian woman of African descent.

A cultura afro-brasileira é fundamental para o país.

On a regional level, Brazilians often identify strongly with their state or city. A woman from Rio de Janeiro is a carioca, one from São Paulo state is a paulista, and one from Bahia is a baiana. These regional demonyms are used just as frequently as the national one in domestic contexts. When learning Portuguese, knowing these regional terms is a sign of advanced cultural fluency.

Carioca: A person (or feminine object) from the city of Rio de Janeiro.

Ela é brasileira, mais especificamente, carioca.

A comida baiana é uma vertente da culinária brasileira.

Ela tem dupla cidadania: italiana e brasileira.

How Formal Is It?

正式

非正式

俚语

难度评级

需要掌握的语法

按水平分级的例句

Ela é brasileira.

She is Brazilian.

Use 'é' (verb ser) for permanent traits like nationality.

A comida brasileira é boa.

Brazilian food is good.

'Comida' is feminine, so 'brasileira' must be used.

Minha mãe é brasileira.

My mother is Brazilian.

Possessive 'minha' and adjective 'brasileira' agree with 'mãe'.

Eu gosto de música brasileira.

I like Brazilian music.

'Música' is a feminine noun.

A professora é brasileira.

The teacher (female) is Brazilian.

'Professora' requires the feminine adjective.

Esta é uma festa brasileira.

This is a Brazilian party.

Adjective follows the noun 'festa'.

A praia brasileira é linda.

The Brazilian beach is beautiful.

Multiple feminine agreements: A, praia, brasileira, linda.

Ela não é brasileira.

She is not Brazilian.

Negative sentence structure with 'não' before the verb.

As mulheres brasileiras são simpáticas.

Brazilian women are friendly.

Plural feminine agreement: As, mulheres, brasileiras, simpáticas.

Eu quero visitar uma cidade brasileira.

I want to visit a Brazilian city.

'Cidade' is a feminine noun.

A novela brasileira passa na televisão.

The Brazilian soap opera is on television.

'Novela' is a staple of Brazilian culture and is feminine.

Nós compramos roupas de uma marca brasileira.

We bought clothes from a Brazilian brand.

'Marca' (brand) is feminine.

A cultura brasileira é muito rica e diversa.

Brazilian culture is very rich and diverse.

Adjectives 'rica' and 'diversa' agree with 'cultura brasileira'.

Ela trabalha em uma empresa brasileira.

She works in a Brazilian company.

'Empresa' is feminine.

A bandeira brasileira tem quatro cores.

The Brazilian flag has four colors.

'Bandeira' is feminine.

Eu prefiro a literatura brasileira.

I prefer Brazilian literature.

'Literatura' is feminine.

A economia brasileira está em fase de recuperação.

The Brazilian economy is in a recovery phase.

Abstract feminine noun 'economia'.

A sociedade brasileira enfrenta vários desafios sociais.

Brazilian society faces several social challenges.

'Sociedade' is a feminine noun ending in '-dade'.

A seleção brasileira de vôlei ganhou a medalha.

The Brazilian volleyball team won the medal.

'Seleção' (team) is feminine, regardless of the players' gender.

A influência africana na cultura brasileira é imensa.

The African influence on Brazilian culture is immense.

Preposition 'na' (em + a) precedes 'cultura brasileira'.

A política brasileira pode ser complexa de entender.

Brazilian politics can be complex to understand.

'Política' is feminine.

Ela é uma cantora brasileira muito famosa na Europa.

She is a very famous Brazilian singer in Europe.

Multiple modifiers for 'cantora'.

A floresta amazônica é uma grande riqueza brasileira.

The Amazon rainforest is a great Brazilian wealth.

'Riqueza' is feminine.

A culinária brasileira varia muito de região para região.

Brazilian cuisine varies greatly from region to region.

'Culinária' is a feminine synonym for food/cooking.

A identidade brasileira é marcada pela miscigenação.

Brazilian identity is marked by miscegenation.

'Identidade' is feminine, taking 'brasileira' and 'marcada'.

A constituição brasileira garante direitos fundamentais aos cidadãos.

The Brazilian constitution guarantees fundamental rights to citizens.

'Constituição' ends in '-ção' and is feminine.

A arte contemporânea brasileira tem ganhado destaque internacional.

Brazilian contemporary art has gained international prominence.

Two adjectives modifying 'arte': 'contemporânea' and 'brasileira'.

A música popular brasileira (MPB) reflete as tensões sociais da época.

Brazilian popular music (MPB) reflects the social tensions of the time.

Acronym MPB is feminine because of 'música'.

A infraestrutura brasileira ainda necessita de muitos investimentos.

Brazilian infrastructure still needs a lot of investment.

'Infraestrutura' is a compound feminine noun.

A diplomacia brasileira atua como mediadora em conflitos regionais.

Brazilian diplomacy acts as a mediator in regional conflicts.

'Diplomacia' is feminine.

A biodiversidade brasileira é uma das maiores do planeta.

Brazilian biodiversity is one of the largest on the planet.

'Biodiversidade' is feminine.

A população brasileira é conhecida por sua resiliência e otimismo.

The Brazilian population is known for its resilience and optimism.

'População' is feminine, taking 'conhecida'.

A idiossincrasia da burocracia brasileira pode frustrar investidores estrangeiros.

The idiosyncrasy of Brazilian bureaucracy can frustrate foreign investors.

Advanced vocabulary 'burocracia' paired with 'brasileira'.

A literatura modernista brasileira rompeu com os paradigmas europeus.

Brazilian modernist literature broke with European paradigms.

Complex noun phrase 'literatura modernista brasileira'.

A matriz energética brasileira é predominantemente renovável.

The Brazilian energy matrix is predominantly renewable.

Technical vocabulary 'matriz energética'.

A herança colonial deixou marcas profundas na estrutura fundiária brasileira.

The colonial heritage left deep marks on the Brazilian land tenure structure.

'Estrutura fundiária' is a specialized socio-economic term.

A vanguarda artística brasileira sempre dialogou com as tendências globais.

The Brazilian artistic avant-garde has always dialogued with global trends.

'Vanguarda' is feminine.

A política externa brasileira tradicionalmente defende o multilateralismo.

Brazilian foreign policy traditionally defends multilateralism.

'Política externa' is a set phrase.

A dramaturgia brasileira contemporânea explora as fraturas do tecido social.

Contemporary Brazilian dramaturgy explores the fractures of the social fabric.

'Dramaturgia' is feminine.

A pujança da agroindústria brasileira sustenta boa parte das exportações.

The strength of the Brazilian agro-industry sustains a large part of exports.

'Agroindústria' is feminine.

A psique brasileira, segundo alguns sociólogos, oscila entre a cordialidade e o autoritarismo.

The Brazilian psyche, according to some sociologists, oscillates between cordiality and authoritarianism.

Highly abstract concept 'psique' modified by 'brasileira'.

A inserção soberana da economia brasileira nas cadeias globais de valor é um imperativo estratégico.

The sovereign insertion of the Brazilian economy into global value chains is a strategic imperative.

Academic/economic register.

A historiografia brasileira tem revisitado criticamente o mito da democracia racial.

Brazilian historiography has critically revisited the myth of racial democracy.

'Historiografia' is a specialized academic term.

A tessitura urbana das metrópoles brasileiras reflete uma profunda segregação socioespacial.

The urban fabric of Brazilian metropolises reflects deep socio-spatial segregation.

Plural feminine 'metrópoles brasileiras'.

A jurisprudência brasileira tem evoluído no sentido de garantir maior proteção aos direitos difusos.

Brazilian jurisprudence has evolved towards guaranteeing greater protection for diffuse rights.

Legal terminology 'jurisprudência'.

A dialética da marginalidade na cinematografia brasileira revela as contradições do desenvolvimento.

The dialectic of marginality in Brazilian cinematography reveals the contradictions of development.

'Cinematografia' is feminine.

A ressignificação dos espaços públicos é uma demanda premente da sociedade civil brasileira.

The resignification of public spaces is a pressing demand of Brazilian civil society.

'Sociedade civil' is a compound feminine concept.

A polifonia de vozes na poesia brasileira contemporânea desafia qualquer tentativa de categorização unívoca.

The polyphony of voices in contemporary Brazilian poetry defies any attempt at univocal categorization.

Literary criticism register.

常见搭配

música brasileira

comida brasileira

cultura brasileira

mulher brasileira

economia brasileira

política brasileira

sociedade brasileira

seleção brasileira

literatura brasileira

televisão brasileira

常用短语

Ela é brasileira.

A cultura brasileira.

Música popular brasileira.

A seleção brasileira.

Marca 100% brasileira.

Cidadania brasileira.

A costa brasileira.

A fauna brasileira.

A flora brasileira.

A alma brasileira.

容易混淆的词

brasileira vs brasileiro (masculine form)

brasileira vs Brasil (the country itself)

brasileira vs brasiliana (pertaining to collections of books/art about Brazil)

习语与表达

容易混淆

brasileira vs

句型

如何使用

note

While primarily an adjective, it functions perfectly as a noun when the context is clear (e.g., 'A brasileira ganhou a corrida').

常见错误

Saying 'o homem brasileira' (incorrect gender).
Writing 'A cultura Brasileira' (incorrect capitalization).
Saying 'Ela está brasileira' (incorrect verb).
Saying 'A brasileira comida' (incorrect word order).
Saying 'Ela é de brasileira' (confusing country noun with adjective).

小贴士

Match the A

If the noun ends in 'a' (like música, comida, cultura), the adjective will almost always be 'brasileira'.

Lowercase Always

Resist the English habit! Write 'brasileira', not 'Brasileira'.

The Z Sound

Make sure your 's' buzzes like a bee: bra-ZI-lei-ra.

Noun First

Always put the thing you are describing before the word 'brasileira'.

Learn MPB

Remember the acronym MPB (Música Popular Brasileira) to lock in the feminine agreement.

Ser vs Estar

Always use 'é' (is) or 'são' (are) with nationalities, never 'está' or 'estão'.

More than Geography

Using 'brasileira' often implies a vibrant, warm, and rich cultural style, not just a location.

Just add S

To talk about multiple Brazilian women or things, just add an 's': brasileiras.

Liaison

Native speakers link words. 'A atriz brasileira' sounds very fluid. Listen for the 'a' ending.

Compound Words

In words like 'afro-brasileira', only the second part changes to feminine.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of a BRAve, ZILlionaire LEY (lady) shouting RAH! in Brazil. Bra-zi-lei-ra.

词源

Derived from 'Brasil' + suffix '-eira'.

文化背景

Culinária brasileira is famous for dishes like feijoada and moqueca.

MPB (Música Popular Brasileira) is a globally recognized genre.

A seleção brasileira (the national team) is a source of immense passion.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"Você conhece alguma cantora brasileira?"

"Qual é a sua comida brasileira favorita?"

"Você acha a cultura brasileira interessante?"

"Você já assistiu a uma novela brasileira?"

"Quem é a sua atriz brasileira preferida?"

日记主题

Escreva sobre uma mulher brasileira famosa que você admira.

Descreva a sua experiência com a comida brasileira.

Por que a música brasileira é tão popular no mundo?

Imagine que você está em uma cidade brasileira. O que você vê?

Como a cultura brasileira é diferente da sua cultura?

常见问题

10 个问题

Because Portuguese has grammatical gender. If you are talking about a woman, or a noun that is feminine (like 'a comida'), you must use the feminine form 'brasileira'.

No. In Portuguese, nationalities and languages are written in lowercase unless they are the first word of a sentence.

No. Nationality is considered a permanent trait in Portuguese, so you must use the verb 'ser' (Ela é brasileira).

Simply add an 's' to the end: brasileiras. Use this for groups of women or plural feminine nouns (e.g., as praias brasileiras).

MPB stands for Música Popular Brasileira. Because 'música' is feminine, 'brasileira' is used.

It can be both. It is an adjective when describing a noun (a comida brasileira) and a noun when referring to a person (a brasileira chegou).

The 's' is pronounced like a 'z' because it is located between two vowels (a and i).

Generally, no. Adjectives of nationality almost always follow the noun in Portuguese (e.g., a mulher brasileira, not a brasileira mulher).

The masculine equivalent is 'brasileiro'. Use it for men or masculine nouns (e.g., o homem brasileiro, o café brasileiro).

Yes! While 'brasileira' is the national term, people also use regional terms like 'carioca' (from Rio) or 'paulista' (from São Paulo).