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A2 verb 9分钟阅读

treinar

例句 笔记与提示 treinar 30秒了解
解析 treinar in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'treinar' is most commonly introduced in the context of sports and hobbies. You will learn it as a regular -AR verb. At this stage, you should focus on simple present tense sentences like 'Eu treino futebol' (I train/play soccer) or 'Você treina na academia?' (Do you work out at the gym?). It is a very useful word because it allows you to talk about your daily routines and what you do for fun. You might also see it in very basic instructions, like 'Treine a escrita' (Practice writing). The goal at A1 is simply to recognize that 'treinar' involves doing an activity repeatedly to get better at it. You don't need to worry about complex professional or technical nuances yet. Just think of it as 'to practice' or 'to work out.'
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At the A2 level, you begin to use 'treinar' in more varied contexts, including the past and future tenses. You might say 'Ontem eu treinei muito' (Yesterday I trained a lot) or 'Amanhã nós vamos treinar' (Tomorrow we are going to train). You also start to use it transitively, meaning you can talk about training something else, like 'Eu treino o meu cachorro' (I train my dog). This level also introduces the idea of training for a specific purpose using 'para', such as 'Estou treinando para a corrida' (I am training for the race). You should be able to distinguish 'treinar' from 'estudar' (to study) and 'jogar' (to play), understanding that 'treinar' implies a focused effort on improvement.
At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'treinar' in professional and more abstract settings. You might talk about 'treinamento' (training) as a noun. You will encounter the verb in work-related discussions, such as 'A empresa está treinando os novos funcionários' (The company is training the new employees). You should also understand its use in mental contexts, like 'treinar a memória' (to train the memory). At this stage, you are expected to handle more complex sentence structures, including the conditional: 'Se eu tivesse tempo, treinaria mais' (If I had time, I would train more). You also begin to see the difference between 'treinar' and 'ensaiar' (to rehearse) in artistic contexts, ensuring you don't use the wrong word for musical or theatrical practice.
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At the B2 level, you use 'treinar' with greater precision and nuance. you understand how it fits into different registers—from the informal gym slang to formal corporate terminology. You might use it in the passive voice or with more sophisticated objects: 'Os colaboradores foram treinados para lidar com crises' (The employees were trained to deal with crises). You also become aware of synonyms like 'capacitar' or 'instruir' and can choose the most appropriate word based on the situation. Your ability to use 'treinar' in idiomatic expressions or to describe complex processes (like training an AI model) starts to develop here. You also understand the cultural significance of 'treino' in Lusophone countries, particularly regarding football and fitness culture.
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At the C1 level, your use of 'treinar' is near-native. You can use it to discuss philosophical or highly technical concepts. For example, you might analyze how one 'treina o olhar' (trains the eye) to appreciate art or how a politician 'treina o discurso' (trains/refines the speech) to influence an audience. You are fully aware of the subtle differences between 'treinar', 'adestrar', and 'habilitar'. You can use the verb in all moods and tenses, including the more obscure ones like the personal infinitive or the future subjunctive, with ease. You also recognize the word's presence in literature and high-level journalism, where it might be used metaphorically to describe social or historical processes of 'conditioning' or 'discipline'.
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At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of 'treinar' and its entire word family. You can engage in deep discussions about 'pedagogia do treino' (training pedagogy) or the ethics of 'adestramento social'. You understand the historical etymology of the word and how its meaning has shifted over centuries. You can play with the word in creative writing, using it in puns or complex metaphors. You are also sensitive to regional variations—knowing how 'treinar' might be used differently in Portugal, Brazil, or Angola. At this level, 'treinar' is not just a verb but a tool for expressing intricate ideas about human development, discipline, and the refinement of the self and society.
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例句 笔记与提示

treinar 30秒了解

  • Treinar is the primary Portuguese verb for 'to train' or 'to practice' in sports, work, and animal contexts.
  • In Brazil, it is the standard way to say 'to work out' at the gym (academia).
  • It can be used transitively (training someone else) or intransitively (training oneself).
  • It is distinct from 'ensaiar', which is reserved for artistic rehearsals like music and theater.

The Portuguese verb treinar is a versatile and essential word for any learner, primarily corresponding to the English verbs 'to train,' 'to practice,' or 'to coach.' At its core, it describes the process of repetitive action or instruction aimed at improving a skill, physical condition, or mental state. Whether you are talking about a professional athlete preparing for the Olympics, a corporate manager teaching new software to employees, or a pet owner teaching a dog to sit, treinar is the go-to term. In daily life, you will hear it most frequently in the context of physical exercise. When a Brazilian says 'Vou treinar,' they usually mean they are going to the gym to lift weights or perform a workout routine. This differs slightly from 'fazer exercício,' which is more general. Treinar implies a level of dedication, a specific goal, or a structured regimen.

Physical Fitness
The most common modern usage refers to working out at a gym (academia) or practicing a sport.
Professional Development
Used when a company provides instruction to employees on new protocols or skills.
Animal Training
The act of teaching animals specific behaviors or commands, often interchangeable with 'adestrar'.

Eu preciso treinar todos os dias para a maratona.

Beyond the physical, treinar can also be applied to the mind or specific technical skills. You might 'treinar o seu ouvido' (train your ear) to understand a new language or 'treinar a sua paciência' (train your patience) in difficult situations. It carries a connotation of discipline and persistence. In a pedagogical sense, it involves the transfer of knowledge from a trainer (treinador) to a trainee (treinando). It is important to note that while 'praticar' is often a synonym, treinar suggests a more rigorous or repetitive preparation. For example, a pianist might 'praticar' a piece they already know, but they 'treinam' a difficult technique to master it. This nuance is vital for reaching higher levels of Portuguese proficiency.

A empresa vai treinar os novos funcionários na próxima semana.

Transitive Usage
When you train someone or something else: 'Treinar o cão', 'Treinar a equipe'.
Intransitive Usage
When you are the one performing the training/exercise: 'Eu vou treinar agora'.

É fundamental treinar a pronúncia para falar bem português.

In summary, treinar is an active, goal-oriented verb. It bridges the gap between potential and mastery. Whether in the gym, the office, or the classroom, it implies a journey of improvement through repetition and guidance. As you continue your Portuguese studies, remember that you are 'treinando' your brain to recognize new patterns and sounds.

Using treinar correctly involves understanding its grammatical flexibility as both a transitive and intransitive verb. When used intransitively, it typically refers to the speaker's own physical or mental preparation. For example, 'Eu treino todas as manhãs' (I train every morning) is a complete thought where the action remains with the subject. This is ubiquitous in fitness culture. However, when used transitively, it requires a direct object—the person, animal, or skill being trained. 'O técnico treina o time' (The coach trains the team) illustrates this. Here, the action passes from the coach to the team. This distinction is crucial for clear communication.

Nós vamos treinar para a competição de natação.

Verb Tenses
In the present tense: 'Eu treino'. In the past (Pretérito Perfeito): 'Eu treinei'. In the future: 'Eu vou treinar'.
Reflexive Potential
While 'treinar-se' exists, it is rare. Usually, the intransitive 'treinar' or 'preparar-se' is preferred.

Another layer of usage involves the preposition 'para' (for/to). We often train *for* something. 'Ela treina para ser médica' (She trains/studies to be a doctor) or 'Eles treinam para ganhar' (They train to win). This 'para' plus an infinitive verb or a noun helps specify the objective of the training. Furthermore, in professional contexts, you might hear 'treinar alguém em algo' (to train someone in something), such as 'Vou treinar o Pedro em Excel' (I will train Pedro in Excel). This structure allows you to specify both the recipient and the subject matter of the instruction.

Você já treinou hoje ou vai mais tarde?

Finally, consider the imperative. In a gym setting, a coach might shout 'Treina com força!' (Train with strength/hard!). In a classroom, a teacher might say 'Treinem a escrita' (Practice/train your writing). The verb adapts well to commands because it is inherently action-oriented. By mastering these patterns—transitive for others/skills, intransitive for self, and using 'para' for goals—you can use treinar as naturally as a native speaker.

The word treinar is omnipresent in Lusophone cultures, but its frequency and specific nuance vary by environment. The most likely place to hear it is the 'academia' (gym). Brazil, in particular, has a very strong fitness culture. You will hear people in the streets, at work, and on social media discussing their 'treino' (workout) or asking 'O que você vai treinar hoje?' (What are you going to train today?), referring to specific muscle groups like legs or chest. This usage is so common that it has almost become a synonym for 'going to work out'.

Sports Commentary
On TV, commentators discuss how a 'seleção' (national team) is 'treinando' behind closed doors.
Corporate Offices
Human Resources (RH) departments frequently talk about 'treinar lideranças' (training leadership).

O jogador está treinando separado do resto do grupo devido à lesão.

In educational settings, teachers use treinar to encourage students to drill certain concepts. Unlike 'estudar' (to study), which can be passive (reading), treinar implies active repetition—doing math exercises, practicing verb conjugations, or rehearsing a speech. In the world of technology and AI, you will also hear 'treinar o modelo' (train the model), referring to machine learning. This modern application shows the word's adaptability. Whether it's a high-tech lab in Lisbon or a local 'crossfit' box in Luanda, treinar signifies the effort of refinement.

Precisamos treinar o algoritmo com mais dados.

Lastly, in the context of pets, treinar is the standard term for obedience training. If you visit a park in Maputo or São Paulo, you’ll see owners trying to 'treinar o cachorro' to stay or fetch. It covers everything from basic commands to complex tricks. This broad range of application—from muscles to machines to mutts—makes it one of the most useful verbs in your vocabulary arsenal.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make with treinar is failing to distinguish it from 'ensaiar'. In English, we might 'train' for a play or 'practice' a song, but in Portuguese, these artistic endeavors specifically require ensaiar (to rehearse). Saying 'vou treinar a peça' sounds like you are doing physical drills with the script rather than acting it out. Another common error is using 'praticar' where treinar is more natural. While 'praticar esportes' is correct, when referring to a specific session of preparation, treinar is the preferred choice. You don't 'praticar' at the gym; you 'treinar'.

Treinar vs. Ensaiar
Use 'treinar' for sports/skills; use 'ensaiar' for music, dance, and theater.
Treinar vs. Estudar
'Estudar' is for acquiring knowledge; 'treinar' is for applying it through repetition.

Errado: Vou treinar o piano para o concerto. (Use 'ensaiar' or 'praticar')

A subtle mistake involves the use of 'adestrar'. While treinar and adestrar both mean 'to train' in the context of animals, adestrar is specifically for making an animal obedient or skilled (like a police dog). If you say you are 'adestrando' a person, it can sound quite offensive, as if you are treating them like an animal. Always use treinar or capacitar for humans in a professional or educational context. Furthermore, learners often forget that treinar can be intransitive. You don't always need an object. 'Eu vou treinar' is perfectly sufficient to mean 'I'm going to work out.'

Correto: Eu treino na academia três vezes por semana.

Finally, watch out for the preposition 'em' vs 'para'. You train *in* a subject (treinar em informática) but you train *for* an event (treinar para a corrida). Mixing these up won't usually stop you from being understood, but using them correctly marks you as a more advanced speaker. Pay attention to how natives use these small words in conjunction with treinar to refine your fluency.

While treinar is a very common 'catch-all' verb, Portuguese offers several more specific alternatives depending on the context. Understanding these will help you sound more precise. For instance, in professional settings, capacitar (to qualify/enable) or instruir (to instruct) are often used. Capacitar implies giving someone the necessary tools or knowledge to perform a task, whereas treinar emphasizes the practice of those tools. In a technical or military context, adestrar is common, though as noted before, it should be used carefully with humans.

Praticar
More general than 'treinar'. Used for hobbies or habits (praticar yoga, praticar a bondade).
Exercitar
Often used for specific parts of the body or mind (exercitar os músculos, exercitar a memória).
Ensaiar
Specifically for the performing arts (rehearse).

O professor quer instruir os alunos sobre as novas regras.

If you are talking about preparing someone for a specific role or challenge, preparar is a strong alternative. 'Vou preparar meu filho para o exame' (I will prepare my son for the exam) sounds more nurturing than 'treinar meu filho,' which might sound like you're a drill sergeant. For physical movement specifically, exercitar-se is the reflexive form of 'to exercise.' While 'vou treinar' is common, 'vou me exercitar' is slightly more formal and focuses on the health aspect rather than the performance aspect. Choosing the right word depends on whether you want to emphasize the repetition (treinar), the goal (preparar), or the instruction (instruir).

Eles precisam se capacitar para as novas exigências do mercado.

In summary, while treinar is the most versatile term, don't be afraid to use its cousins. Use ensaiar for your band, capacitar for your employees, and exercitar for your morning jog. This variety will make your Portuguese sound richer and more nuanced, reflecting a deeper understanding of the language's structure and social context.

趣味小知识

The word 'train' in English (the vehicle) and 'treinar' in Portuguese share the same root because a train 'drags' carriages behind it, while training 'drags' or leads someone toward a skill.

发音指南

UK /tɾejˈnaɾ/
US /tɾejˈnaʁ/
The stress is on the final syllable: treinar.
押韵词
Falar Cantar Andar Amar Lugar Pensar Chegar Olhar
常见错误
  • Pronouncing the 'ei' as two separate vowels instead of a diphthong.
  • Stressing the first syllable (TREI-nar) instead of the second.
  • Making the final 'r' too hard/rhotic like an American 'r'.
  • Confusing the 'tr' sound with a 'ch' sound.
  • Nasalizing the 'a' in 'nar' too much.
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按水平分级的例句

1

Eu treino todos os dias.

I train every day.

Present tense, 1st person singular.

2

Você treina futebol?

Do you train/play soccer?

Interrogative sentence.

3

Nós treinamos na academia.

We train at the gym.

1st person plural.

4

Ela treina muito bem.

She trains very well.

Adverbial modification.

5

Eles treinam de manhã.

They train in the morning.

3rd person plural.

6

Eu quero treinar hoje.

I want to train today.

Infinitive after a modal verb.

7

Onde você treina?

Where do you train?

Question word 'Onde'.

8

Treinar é bom.

Training is good.

Infinitive used as a subject.

1

Eu treinei ontem à noite.

I trained last night.

Pretérito Perfeito.

2

Vou treinar o meu cão agora.

I'm going to train my dog now.

Future with 'ir' + infinitive.

3

Você precisa treinar mais a leitura.

You need to practice/train your reading more.

Transitive usage with 'leitura'.

4

Eles estão treinando para a prova.

They are training for the test.

Present continuous.

5

Nós vamos treinar no parque.

We are going to train in the park.

Prepositional phrase 'no parque'.

6

Ela treinou muito para ganhar.

She trained a lot to win.

Preposition 'para' indicating purpose.

7

O treinador treina o time.

The coach trains the team.

Subject-Verb-Object structure.

8

Vocês treinaram hoje?

Did you guys train today?

2nd person plural (vocês) past tense.

1

A empresa vai treinar todos os funcionários.

The company will train all employees.

Professional context.

2

É importante treinar o ouvido para entender o sotaque.

It is important to train the ear to understand the accent.

Abstract object 'o ouvido'.

3

Eu treinava muito quando era jovem.

I used to train a lot when I was young.

Pretérito Imperfeito (habitual past).

4

Eles treinaram os voluntários para o evento.

They trained the volunteers for the event.

Direct object 'os voluntários'.

5

Se eu treinar todo dia, vou melhorar.

If I train every day, I will improve.

Future Subjunctive (se eu treinar).

6

O treinamento de novos líderes é essencial.

The training of new leaders is essential.

Use of the noun 'treinamento'.

7

Ela treina para ser uma grande pianista.

She trains to be a great pianist.

Infinitive of purpose.

8

Nós nunca treinamos nesta quadra antes.

We have never trained on this court before.

Negative adverb 'nunca'.

1

O exército treinou os soldados para a missão.

The army trained the soldiers for the mission.

Formal/Institutional context.

2

É preciso treinar a mente para lidar com o estresse.

It is necessary to train the mind to deal with stress.

Psychological application.

3

A equipe foi treinada pelos melhores especialistas.

The team was trained by the best specialists.

Passive voice (foi treinada).

4

Ele treina exaustivamente para alcançar a perfeição.

He trains exhaustively to reach perfection.

Adverb 'exaustivamente'.

5

Embora treine muito, ele ainda fica nervoso.

Although he trains a lot, he still gets nervous.

Present Subjunctive after 'embora'.

6

O sistema está sendo treinado com novos dados.

The system is being trained with new data.

Passive continuous (está sendo treinado).

7

Precisamos treinar nossa capacidade de adaptação.

We need to train our capacity for adaptation.

Complex abstract object.

8

O treinador exigiu que todos treinassem no sábado.

The coach demanded that everyone train on Saturday.

Imperfect Subjunctive (treinassem).

1

O ator treinou o sotaque regional por meses.

The actor trained the regional accent for months.

Specific artistic training.

2

A dialética treina o intelecto para o debate rigoroso.

Dialectics trains the intellect for rigorous debate.

Academic/Philosophical context.

3

É fundamental treinar o olhar para perceber as nuances da arte.

It is fundamental to train the eye to perceive the nuances of art.

Metaphorical use of 'olhar'.

4

Caso você treine com afinco, a maestria virá.

Should you train with diligence, mastery will come.

Subjunctive with 'Caso'.

5

O cavalo foi adestrado, mas ainda precisa treinar saltos.

The horse was broken in/trained, but still needs to train jumps.

Contrast between 'adestrar' and 'treinar'.

6

A meditação treina a consciência para o momento presente.

Meditation trains consciousness for the present moment.

Spiritual/Mindfulness context.

7

Os diplomatas treinam a arte da negociação incansavelmente.

Diplomats train the art of negotiation tirelessly.

High-level professional context.

8

Não basta ter talento; é preciso treinar a técnica.

It's not enough to have talent; it's necessary to train the technique.

Conceptual contrast.

1

A retórica treina a oratória para seduzir e convencer.

Rhetoric trains oratory to seduce and convince.

Classical educational context.

2

O algoritmo, devidamente treinado, opera com precisão cirúrgica.

The algorithm, properly trained, operates with surgical precision.

Participle used as an adjective with adverbial modifier.

3

Treinar a resiliência é um imperativo na contemporaneidade.

Training resilience is an imperative in contemporary times.

Sociological/Philosophical observation.

4

A disciplina militar visa treinar o corpo e a alma para o sacrifício.

Military discipline aims to train the body and soul for sacrifice.

Existential/Institutional context.

5

Oxalá eles treinem o suficiente para evitar o desastre.

Would that they train enough to avoid disaster.

Use of 'Oxalá' with subjunctive.

6

A prática constante treina a intuição, tornando-a quase infalível.

Constant practice trains intuition, making it almost infallible.

Complex causal structure.

7

Treinar-se na virtude era o objetivo dos estoicos.

To train oneself in virtue was the goal of the Stoics.

Reflexive infinitive in a historical context.

8

O pesquisador treinou a sua percepção para detectar microexpressões.

The researcher trained his perception to detect micro-expressions.

Scientific/Specialized context.

常见搭配

Treinar pesado
Treinar o cão
Treinar a equipe
Treinar duro
Treinar o ouvido
Treinar a fala
Treinar sozinho
Treinar todos os dias
Treinar na academia
Treinar para ganhar

常用短语

Bora treinar?

— Let's go work out? / Let's go train?

Bora treinar? A academia fecha cedo hoje.

Treino é treino, jogo é jogo.

— Practice is practice, the game is the game (meaning things change in real situations).

Ele foi bem no treino, mas treino é treino, jogo é jogo.

Treinar a paciência.

— To practice/test one's patience.

Lidar com burocracia serve para treinar a paciência.

Treinar o olhar.

— To develop a critical or aesthetic eye.

É preciso treinar o olhar para ser um bom fotógrafo.

Treinar o cérebro.

— To do mental exercises.

Palavras cruzadas ajudam a treinar o cérebro.

Treinar a escrita.

— To practice writing.

Você deve treinar a escrita em português todos os dias.

Treinar em silêncio.

— To practice without making it public or without noise.

Ele prefere treinar em silêncio e mostrar o resultado depois.

Treinar para o pior.

— To prepare for the worst-case scenario.

Bombeiros treinam para o pior o tempo todo.

Treinar a memória.

— To do exercises to improve memory.

Existem jogos bons para treinar a memória.

Treinar a pontaria.

— To practice one's aim.

O arqueiro treina a pontaria diariamente.

习语与表达

"Suar a camisa"

— To work very hard (literally 'to sweat the shirt'), often associated with intense training.

Tivemos que suar a camisa no treino hoje.

Informal
"Dar o sangue"

— To give one's all; to train or work with extreme dedication.

Ele deu o sangue no treino para ser convocado.

Informal
"Estar em forma"

— To be in shape (the result of training).

Ela treina muito para estar em forma no verão.

Neutral
"Bater ponto"

— To show up regularly (literally 'to punch the clock'), often used for going to the gym.

Ele bate ponto na academia todo dia às 6h.

Informal
"Focar no objetivo"

— To focus on the goal during training.

Treinar é difícil, você tem que focar no objetivo.

Neutral
"Queimar gordura"

— To burn fat (a common goal of training).

Esse treino é ótimo para queimar gordura.

Neutral
"Puxar ferro"

— To lift weights (literally 'to pull iron').

Ele adora ir para a academia puxar ferro.

Slang
"Estar enferrujado"

— To be 'rusty' (out of practice/training).

Não treino há meses, estou enferrujado.

Informal
"Manter o ritmo"

— To keep the pace/consistency in training.

O importante no treino é manter o ritmo.

Neutral
"Superar os limites"

— To push past one's limits through training.

Treinar serve para superar os limites do corpo.

Neutral

词族

名词

Treinamento (Training/Process)
Treino (Workout/Session)
Treinador (Coach/Trainer)
Treinando (Trainee)
Adestramento (Animal training)

动词

Treinar (To train)
Retreinar (To retrain)
Adestrar (To train/tame)
Exercitar (To exercise)

形容词

Treinado (Trained)
Treinável (Trainable)
Destreinado (Untrained/Out of shape)

相关

Academia
Esporte
Técnica
Prática
Ensaiar
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记住它

记忆技巧

Think of a TRAIN. To get a TRAIN moving perfectly on the tracks, you need to TRAIN (treinar) the driver and the engine. Treinar = Train.

视觉联想

Imagine a person in a gym (academia) wearing a shirt with a big 'T' for 'Treinar', lifting a heavy weight.

Word Web

Academia Músculos Treinador Suor Repetição Habilidade Cachorro Equipe

挑战

Try to use 'treinar' in three different ways today: once for the gym, once for a pet, and once for a skill you are learning.

词源

Derived from the Old French 'trainer' (to pull/draw), which comes from the Vulgar Latin 'tragināre', from 'trahere' (to pull).

原始含义： Originally meant to drag or pull something along; later evolved to mean 'to draw out' or 'to bring up/educate'.

Romance (Latin origin).

文化背景

Avoid using 'adestrar' for people unless you want to sound dehumanizing. Use 'treinar' or 'capacitar' instead.

English speakers often use 'practice' for everything. In Portuguese, you must switch to 'ensaiar' for music or 'estudar' for school, reserving 'treinar' for physical or skill-based drills.

Cristiano Ronaldo is famous for his 'treino' routine. The phrase 'Treino é treino, jogo é jogo' is attributed to various Brazilian football legends. The movie 'Tropa de Elite' shows intense military 'treinamento'.
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