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B1 verb #4,000 الأكثر شيوعاً 9 دقيقة للقراءة

محدود کردن

mahdood kardan الأكثر شيوعاً #4,000

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح محدود کردن في 30 ثانية

الشرح محدود کردن in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'mahdud kardan' might be a bit advanced, but you can understand it as 'making something small' or 'stopping something from growing'. Imagine you have a box and you can't go outside it. That is a 'limit'. In simple Persian, you might use 'kam kardan' (to make less) instead, but knowing 'mahdud kardan' helps you understand when someone says 'Limit your time' or 'Limit your food'. It's a compound verb, which means it has two parts. The first part 'mahdud' means 'limited' and the second part 'kardan' means 'to do'. Together, they mean 'to make limited'. You can use it for simple things like 'limiting play time' or 'limiting the number of apples'. Even at this beginning stage, recognizing the word 'hadd' (limit) inside 'mahdud' is very helpful because 'hadd' is a very common root in many Persian words.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the A2 level, you should start using 'mahdud kardan' for everyday restrictions. This is the stage where you talk about your daily routine and habits. You might say, 'I limit my coffee to one cup' (قهوه‌ام را به یک فنجان محدود می‌کنم). You are now learning how to use prepositions, and 'be' (to) is the most important one here. You 'limit' something 'to' a certain amount. This verb is very useful for explaining your boundaries to others. For example, if a friend asks you to stay out late, you can say, 'I have limited time' (وقتم محدود است). Notice how 'mahdud' can also be an adjective on its own. At this level, focus on the present and past simple tenses: 'mahdud mikonam' and 'mahdud kardam'. It is a transitive verb, so don't forget the 'ra' after the thing you are limiting.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

As a B1 learner, you are expected to use 'mahdud kardan' in more abstract and professional contexts. You are now moving beyond simple physical limits to conceptual ones. You might discuss limiting the budget for a trip, limiting the scope of a project at work, or limiting social media usage for better mental health. At this level, you should be comfortable with the passive form 'mahdud shodan' (to be limited). For instance, 'Our options are limited' (گزینه‌های ما محدود شده‌اند). You should also start noticing this word in the news, particularly regarding government regulations or economic news. It's a key word for expressing constraints and boundaries in a more sophisticated way than just saying 'kam kardan' (to decrease). You can also use it to set conditions in a conversation, like 'I will help you, but I limit my help to this weekend'.

At the B2 level, you should use 'mahdud kardan' with precision and understand its nuances compared to synonyms like 'monhaser kardan' or 'tahdid kardan'. You are now capable of discussing complex social issues, and 'mahdud kardan' is essential for topics like 'limiting freedom of speech' (محدود کردن آزادی بیان) or 'limiting environmental damage'. You should be able to use it in all tenses, including the subjunctive and perfect tenses, with ease. For example, 'It is necessary that the government limits inflation' (لازم است که دولت تورم را محدود کند). You will also encounter this word in literature and more advanced academic texts. At this stage, you should also be aware of the noun form 'mahdudiyat' (limitation) and how it's used in phrases like 'living with limitations'. Your usage should reflect an understanding of the word's formal and informal registers.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

For C1 learners, 'mahdud kardan' is a tool for nuanced argumentation and academic discourse. You should use it to define the parameters of an argument or the scope of a theoretical framework. In a professional or legal setting, you would use this verb to describe the delimitation of rights, powers, or jurisdictions. You should also be familiar with the Arabic root 'h-d-d' and how it branches into other words like 'tahdid' (delimitation), 'hadd-e aksar' (maximum), and 'hadd-e aqall' (minimum). At this level, you can distinguish between 'mahdud kardan' (setting a limit) and 'moqayyad kardan' (imposing a binding constraint). You are expected to use it in complex sentence structures, such as 'The efficacy of this policy is limited by several factors' (کارایی این سیاست توسط چندین عامل محدود شده است). Your understanding should include the philosophical implications of 'limits' in Persian thought.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of 'mahdud kardan' and its stylistic applications. You can use it metaphorically in poetry or high-level prose to describe the limitations of human existence, knowledge, or language itself. You understand the historical evolution of the word and its usage in classical Persian texts versus modern legal and technical Persian. You can effortlessly switch between 'mahdud kardan' and its more formal or archaic synonyms to achieve a specific rhetorical effect. In a debate, you might use it to strategically narrow the focus of the discussion. You are also aware of how the word is used in specialized fields like calculus (limits), law (statutory limitations), and international relations (border delimitation). Your use of the verb is not just grammatically perfect but also contextually and culturally sophisticated, reflecting a deep immersion in the Persian language.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

محدود کردن في 30 ثانية

Mahdud kardan means 'to limit' or 'to restrict'. It is a compound verb used in both everyday and formal Persian to set boundaries.
It is formed from the adjective 'mahdud' (limited) and the light verb 'kardan' (to do). It is transitive and usually requires the marker 'ra'.
Commonly used in contexts like budgeting, time management, legal regulations, and digital privacy settings to describe narrowing a scope.
The preposition 'be' is frequently used with this verb to indicate the specific point or amount at which the limitation is set.

The Persian verb محدود کردن (mahdud kardan) is a fundamental compound verb used to express the act of setting boundaries, imposing restrictions, or narrowing the scope of something. Etymologically, it combines the Arabic-derived adjective 'mahdud' (limited/bounded) with the Persian light verb 'kardan' (to do/make). In everyday Persian, this word is indispensable when discussing time management, legal regulations, dietary habits, or even digital privacy settings. It functions similarly to the English verbs 'to limit', 'to restrict', 'to curb', or 'to confine'. Whether a government is limiting freedom of speech or a parent is limiting a child's screen time, mahdud kardan is the standard term used across all registers of the language.

Physical Boundaries: When used in a physical context, it refers to enclosing a space or preventing movement beyond a certain point. For instance, a fence might limit access to a garden.

دولت تصمیم گرفت واردات خودرو را محدود کند تا از تولید داخلی حمایت نماید.

Translation: The government decided to limit car imports to support domestic production.

Beyond physical limits, the term is frequently employed in abstract contexts. In academic writing, researchers often speak of 'limiting the scope of a study' (محدود کردن دامنه تحقیق). In personal development, one might talk about 'limiting negative thoughts'. The versatility of this verb stems from its root 'hadd' (حد), which means 'border' or 'limit' in Arabic, a concept deeply embedded in Persian law, mathematics, and philosophy. When you use this verb, you are essentially drawing a line in the sand, either literally or metaphorically.

Abstract Application: In psychology, 'mahdud kardan' can refer to setting healthy boundaries in relationships to protect one's mental health.

پزشک به من توصیه کرد مصرف نمک را در رژیم غذایی‌ام محدود کنم.

Translation: The doctor advised me to limit salt consumption in my diet.

The word carries a neutral to slightly restrictive connotation. While it isn't inherently negative, it often implies a reduction in freedom or quantity. For example, 'limiting options' (محدود کردن گزینه‌ها) might be seen as a way to simplify a decision, or conversely, as a way to stifle creativity. Understanding the context is key to interpreting whether the 'limitation' is protective, administrative, or oppressive.

Digital Usage: On social media platforms, you might see 'mahdud kardan-e dastresi' (limiting access) for privacy settings.

ما باید دسترسی کودکان به اینترنت را محدود کنیم.

Translation: We must limit children's access to the internet.

Grammatically, محدود کردن follows the standard pattern of Persian compound verbs. The noun or adjective 'محدود' (limited) acts as the non-verbal element, and 'کردن' (to do) is the light verb. To use it correctly, you must conjugate 'kardan' according to the subject and the desired tense. For example, in the present continuous, you would say 'دارم محدود می‌کنم' (I am limiting). In the past simple, it becomes 'محدود کردم' (I limited).

Transitive Nature: This verb is transitive, meaning it requires a direct object. In Persian, the direct object is often followed by the marker 'را' (ra). For example: 'هزینه‌ها را محدود کنید' (Limit the expenses).

او سعی کرد دامنه انتخاب‌های من را محدود کند.

Translation: He tried to limit the range of my choices.

When constructing sentences, pay attention to the preposition 'به' (be - to) which often follows 'mahdud kardan' to specify the boundary or the extent of the limitation. For example, 'محدود کردن به دو ساعت' (limiting to two hours). This structure is essential for providing specific details about the restriction being applied. Without the prepositional phrase, the sentence might feel incomplete in many contexts.

Common Tenses: Past Simple: محدود کرد (He/She limited); Present Subjunctive: محدود بکند (That he/she limits); Future: محدود خواهد کرد (He/She will limit).

چرا می‌خواهی آزادی مرا محدود کنی؟

Translation: Why do you want to limit my freedom?

Another important aspect is the usage of 'mahdud kardan' in negative sentences. Adding the prefix 'na-' to the light verb creates the negative form: 'محدود نکردن' (to not limit). This is frequently used in legal documents or guarantees to specify that certain rights or services are *not* restricted. Understanding these nuances allows for precise communication in both written and spoken Persian.

Imperative Form: To give an order, use 'محدود کن' (Limit! - informal) or 'محدود کنید' (Limit! - formal/plural).

لطفاً زمان صحبت خود را محدود کنید.

Translation: Please limit your speaking time.

You will encounter محدود کردن in a variety of real-world scenarios in Iran and other Persian-speaking regions. In the news, it is a staple of political and economic reporting. Journalists often report on 'limiting sanctions' (محدود کردن تحریم‌ها) or 'limiting the influence' of a certain group. Because Persian news often deals with regulatory changes, this verb appears daily in headlines regarding budget cuts, traffic restrictions, or internet filtering policies.

News & Media: Hear it on BBC Persian or Iran International during discussions about government policies and economic constraints.

اخبار گفت که دولت قصد دارد سرعت اینترنت را محدود کند.

Translation: The news said the government intends to limit internet speed.

In the professional world, particularly in management and IT, 'mahdud kardan' is used when talking about project scopes or user permissions. A project manager might say, 'We need to limit the project scope to meet the deadline.' In software development, developers discuss 'limiting API requests' or 'limiting memory usage'. The term is highly functional and carries an air of precision and control in these environments.

Everyday Conversation: In a casual setting, a friend might say they are 'limiting' their caffeine intake or 'limiting' their social media use.

من تصمیم گرفتم هزینه‌های ماهانه‌ام را محدود کنم.

Translation: I decided to limit my monthly expenses.

Furthermore, in the context of Persian law and bureaucracy, 'mahdud kardan' is used in contracts to define the boundaries of responsibility or the limits of a power of attorney. If you are dealing with legal documents in Iran, you will see this verb used to ensure that one party's actions do not exceed the agreed-upon limits. It provides a legal safeguard that is critical in business and personal law.

Social Media: The 'Restrict' feature on Instagram is translated as 'محدود کردن' in the Persian interface.

می‌توانی کامنت‌های این پست را محدود کنی.

Translation: You can limit the comments on this post.

One of the most frequent errors learners make with محدود کردن is using the wrong preposition. In English, we 'limit something *to* something'. In Persian, while 'به' (be) is common, learners sometimes mistakenly use 'با' (ba - with) or 'در' (dar - in) where 'به' is required for the extent. For example, 'I limited him with two options' is incorrect; it should be 'I limited him *to* two options' (او را به دو گزینه محدود کردم).

Preposition Confusion: Mistake: محدود کردن در... (Limiting in...) vs Correct: محدود کردن به... (Limiting to...).

اشتباه: مطالعه را در این فصل محدود کردم. (Wrong context for 'in')

Correct: مطالعه را به این فصل محدود کردم. (I limited the study to this chapter.)

Another common mistake is confusing 'محدود کردن' (to limit) with 'ممنوع کردن' (to forbid/prohibit). While they are related, 'mahdud kardan' implies that something is still allowed but within boundaries, whereas 'mamnu' kardan' means it is completely stopped. For instance, if you 'mahdud' smoking, you allow it in certain areas; if you 'mamnu'' it, you ban it entirely. Confusing these two can lead to significant misunderstandings in legal or social contexts.

Passive/Active Confusion: Learners often use 'kardan' when they should use 'shodan'. Remember: 'Kardan' is the action you do; 'Shodan' is what happens to the object.

اشتباه: وقت ما محدود کرد. (Our time limited - makes no sense)

Correct: وقت ما محدود شد. (Our time was limited.)

Finally, avoid overusing 'mahdud kardan' for every type of reduction. If you are talking about lowering a price, 'kam kardan' (to reduce) or 'kahesh dadan' (to decrease) is more natural. 'Mahdud kardan' is specifically about boundaries and scope. Using it for price reduction sounds unnatural and 'translated' rather than native. Native speakers use 'mahdud' when there is a sense of a perimeter or a ceiling being established.

Light Verb Conjugation: Mistake: محدود می‌کنم (I limit) vs Incorrect: محدودم می‌کنم (I am limiting myself - requires different structure).

من خودم را به یک وعده غذا محدود کردم.

Correct usage: I limited myself to one meal.

While محدود کردن is the most common way to say 'to limit', Persian offers several synonyms that carry different nuances. Understanding these alternatives will help you sound more like a native speaker and allow for more precise expression in various contexts. The most direct synonym is منحصر کردن (monhaser kardan), which means 'to restrict exclusively' or 'to confine'. This is often used when something is limited to a specific person or group.

Comparison: Mahdud vs. Monhaser: Mahdud Kardan: General limitation (e.g., limiting speed).
Monhaser Kardan: Exclusive restriction (e.g., restricting a benefit to members only).

او تمام وقتش را به مطالعه منحصر کرد.

Translation: He devoted (restricted) all his time exclusively to studying.

Another high-level alternative is مقید کردن (moqayyad kardan), which means 'to bind' or 'to constrain'. This word often carries a sense of moral or legal obligation. If you are 'moqayyad' to a rule, you are bound by it. It is more formal than 'mahdud kardan' and is frequently used in religious or philosophical discussions about freedom and determinism. Similarly, محصور کردن (mahsur kardan) specifically refers to physically surrounding or 'walling in' something, like a besieged city or a fenced-off area.

Comparison: Mahdud vs. Mahsur: Mahdud: Abstract or quantitative limit.
Mahsur: Physical encirclement or confinement.

باغ توسط دیوارهای بلند محصور شده است.

Translation: The garden is enclosed (surrounded) by high walls.

In administrative or bureaucratic contexts, you might hear تحدید کردن (tahdid kardan). This is the formal equivalent of 'mahdud kardan' and is almost exclusively used in official documents, especially regarding territorial borders or legal jurisdictions. For everyday speech, stick to 'mahdud kardan', but recognize 'tahdid' when reading news or legal papers. Lastly, کاستن (kastan) or 'kam kardan' can be used if the limitation specifically involves reducing the quantity of something.

Formal Alternative: تحدید کردن (Tahdid kardan) - primarily used in legal and political discourse.

دولت وظیفه تحدید حدود مرزی را بر عهده دارد.

Translation: The government is responsible for the delimitation of border boundaries.

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

The root 'Hadd' in Arabic also refers to 'Huddud' punishments in Islamic law, which are the 'limits' set by God. In Persian, the word 'Hadd' is also used in high school mathematics to mean 'Limit' in calculus, showing how a 7th-century root adapted to 20th-century science.

دليل النطق

UK /mæh.duːd kær.dæn/

US /mæh.dud kɑːr.dæn/

The primary stress in the compound verb falls on the last syllable of the non-verbal element: mah-DUD kardan.

يتقافى مع

مسدود (masdud - blocked) مردود (mardud - rejected) موجود (mojud - existing) مشهود (mashhud - evident) مفقود (mafqud - missing) مقصود (maqsud - purpose) محمود (mahmud - praised) بدرود (bedrud - farewell)

أخطاء شائعة

Pronouncing 'mahdud' as 'mahdood' with a very short 'u'. It should be a long 'oo' sound.
Swapping the 'h' sound for a heavy 'kh' (like in Bach). It should be a soft, breathy 'h'.
Putting the stress on 'kardan' instead of 'mahdud'.
Mumbling the 'd' at the end of 'mahdud' before starting 'kardan'.
Treating it as one word instead of two distinct parts in speech.

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 3/5

Easy to recognize due to the common 'mahdud' root and 'kardan' light verb.

الكتابة 4/5

Requires correct conjugation of 'kardan' and use of 'ra' and 'be' prepositions.

التحدث 3/5

Common enough that it flows naturally once the compound verb pattern is learned.

الاستماع 3/5

Clear pronunciation makes it easy to pick out in news or conversation.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

کردن (to do) حد (limit) کم (little/less) بستن (to close) را (object marker)

تعلّم لاحقاً

محدودیت (limitation) ممنوع کردن (to prohibit) جلوگیری کردن (to prevent) کنترل کردن (to control) منحصر کردن (to restrict exclusively)

متقدم

تحدید حدود (delimitation) قید و بند (constraints) محصور (enclosed) مضیقه (straits/hardship) انحصارطلبی (monopolism)

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Compound Verb Conjugation

Only 'kardan' changes: محدود کردم، محدود می‌کنی، محدود خواهد کرد.

Direct Object Marker 'Ra'

هزینه‌ها را محدود کن. (Limit the expenses.)

Preposition 'Be' for Extent

او را به دو ساعت کار محدود کردیم. (We limited him to two hours of work.)

Passive Construction with 'Shodan'

دسترسی محدود شد. (Access was limited.)

Subjunctive Mood after Modals

باید مصرف را محدود کنیم. (We must limit consumption.)

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

من زمان بازی را محدود می‌کنم.

I limit play time.

Present simple tense of a compound verb.

او پول خود را محدود کرد.

He limited his money.

Past simple tense, transitive usage.

لطفاً مصرف آب را محدود کنید.

Please limit water consumption.

Imperative (formal/plural) form.

ما باید گزینه‌ها را محدود کنیم.

We must limit the options.

Modal verb 'must' with subjunctive.

او خوردن شیرینی را محدود کرد.

She limited eating sweets.

Gerund phrase as a direct object.

آیا می‌توانی سرعت را محدود کنی؟

Can you limit the speed?

Question form in the present tense.

من دسترسی او را محدود کردم.

I limited his access.

Compound verb with direct object 'ra'.

آنها رفت‌وآمد را محدود کردند.

They limited commuting/traffic.

Third person plural, past tense.

من وقتم را به دو ساعت محدود می‌کنم.

I limit my time to two hours.

Using the preposition 'be' for the limit.

پزشک از من خواست نمک را محدود کنم.

The doctor asked me to limit salt.

Subjunctive after 'asked me to'.

او هزینه‌هایش را محدود کرده است.

He has limited his expenses.

Present perfect tense.

ما نباید آزادی دیگران را محدود کنیم.

We shouldn't limit others' freedom.

Negative modal 'shouldn't'.

چرا دسترسی مرا به فایل‌ها محدود کردی؟

Why did you limit my access to the files?

Past tense question with 'ra' and 'be'.

او سعی می‌کند صحبت‌هایش را محدود کند.

He tries to limit his talk.

Present continuous sense of effort.

دولت واردات را محدود خواهد کرد.

The government will limit imports.

Future tense.

شما می‌توانید تعداد مهمان‌ها را محدود کنید.

You can limit the number of guests.

Modal 'can' with subjunctive.

این قوانین قدرت مدیر را محدود می‌کنند.

These rules limit the manager's power.

Abstract direct object 'power'.

ما باید دامنه تحقیق را محدود کنیم.

We must limit the scope of the research.

Academic context usage.

او خودش را به یک رژیم سخت محدود کرد.

He limited himself to a strict diet.

Reflexive 'himself' as direct object.

آیا این توافقنامه همکاری ما را محدود می‌کند؟

Does this agreement limit our cooperation?

Present tense, formal context.

آنها دسترسی به اینترنت را محدود کرده‌اند.

They have restricted access to the internet.

Present perfect, societal context.

من سعی کردم احساساتم را محدود نکنم.

I tried not to limit my feelings.

Negative subjunctive.

این دارو حرکت بیمار را محدود می‌کند.

This medicine limits the patient's movement.

Medical context.

باید تعداد خطاها را محدود کنیم.

We must limit the number of errors.

Technical/General context.

تحریم‌ها توانایی کشور را برای رشد محدود کرده‌اند.

Sanctions have limited the country's ability to grow.

Complex sentence with economic terminology.

او تلاش کرد نفوذ رقیبانش را محدود کند.

He tried to limit his rivals' influence.

Abstract concept 'influence'.

قانون جدید آزادی مطبوعات را محدود می‌کند.

The new law limits the freedom of the press.

Political/Legal context.

ما نمی‌توانیم دانش خود را به کتاب‌ها محدود کنیم.

We cannot limit our knowledge to books.

Metaphorical usage.

این پروژه به دلیل بودجه محدود شده است.

This project has been limited due to the budget.

Passive voice 'mahdud shodan'.

او می‌خواهد اختیارات من را محدود کند.

He wants to limit my authorities/powers.

Formal/Professional context.

تکنولوژی نباید روابط انسانی را محدود کند.

Technology shouldn't limit human relationships.

Social commentary.

او زمان سخنرانی خود را به ده دقیقه محدود کرد.

He limited his speech time to ten minutes.

Specific limit using 'be'.

فلاسفه همواره سعی در محدود کردن قلمرو عقل داشته‌اند.

Philosophers have always tried to limit the domain of reason.

Highly formal/Academic context.

این قرارداد حقوق حاکمیتی ما را محدود می‌کند.

This contract limits our sovereign rights.

Legal/Political terminology.

تحدید حدود مرزی می‌تواند تنش‌ها را محدود کند.

Delimitation of borders can limit tensions.

Using the root 'tahdid' alongside the verb.

او فعالیت‌های خود را به امور خیریه محدود کرده است.

He has limited his activities to charitable affairs.

Describing a life choice/lifestyle.

ساختار زبان ممکن است تفکر ما را محدود کند.

The structure of language may limit our thinking.

Linguistic/Philosophical hypothesis.

دولت باید تورم را در سطح معینی محدود کند.

The government must limit inflation to a certain level.

Economic policy context.

او از محدود کردن گزینه‌های خود اجتناب می‌ورزد.

He avoids limiting his options.

Using the gerund as an object of 'avoid'.

این قوانین برای محدود کردن قدرت انحصارات وضع شده‌اند.

These laws are enacted to limit the power of monopolies.

Legal/Business context.

تلاش برای محدود کردن بیکرانگی روح، تلاشی بیهوده است.

The attempt to limit the infinity of the soul is a futile effort.

Poetic/Philosophical abstraction.

نویسنده با محدود کردن راوی، تعلیق داستان را افزایش داد.

By limiting the narrator, the author increased the story's suspense.

Literary analysis context.

آیا علم می‌تواند قلمرو مابعدالطبیعه را محدود کند؟

Can science limit the domain of metaphysics?

Metaphysical/Scientific debate.

این دیدگاه، واقعیت را به تجربیات حسی محدود می‌کند.

This perspective limits reality to sensory experiences.

Epistemological discussion.

سیاستمدار با زیرکی توانست دامنه اعتراضات را محدود کند.

The politician cleverly managed to limit the scope of the protests.

Nuanced political strategy description.

محدود کردن هزینه‌های نظامی، ضرورتی برای صلح جهانی است.

Limiting military spending is a necessity for global peace.

International relations discourse.

او از محدود کردن خود در چارچوب‌های سنتی سر باز می‌زند.

He refuses to limit himself within traditional frameworks.

Sociocultural rebellion description.

نظریه نسبیت، سرعت نور را به عنوان یک حد نهایی محدود می‌کند.

The theory of relativity limits the speed of light as an ultimate bound.

Scientific/Theoretical context.

تلازمات شائعة

محدود کردن هزینه‌ها

محدود کردن دسترسی

محدود کردن آزادی

محدود کردن زمان

محدود کردن دامنه

محدود کردن نفوذ

محدود کردن مصرف

محدود کردن واردات

محدود کردن انتخاب‌ها

محدود کردن سرعت

العبارات الشائعة

محدود به این نیست

— It is not limited to this; there is more to it than what was mentioned.

مشکل ما محدود به این موضوع نیست.

به شدت محدود کردن

— To severely restrict or limit something with great force.

او دسترسی مرا به شدت محدود کرد.

محدود کردن خود به...

— To restrict oneself to a certain activity or condition.

او خودش را به کار محدود کرده است.

محدود کردن اختیارات

— To curtail the powers or authorities of an individual or office.

مجلس اختیارات رئیس‌جمهور را محدود کرد.

محدود کردن امکانات

— To reduce or restrict available resources or facilities.

کمبود بودجه امکانات ما را محدود کرد.

محدود کردن حقوق

— To restrict the legal or social rights of a person or group.

هیچ‌کس نباید حقوق شهروندی را محدود کند.

محدود کردن رقابت

— To restrict competition in a market or field.

این شرکت سعی در محدود کردن رقابت دارد.

محدود کردن رشد

— To stunt or restrict the growth of something (plant, economy, etc.).

سایه درخت، رشد گل‌ها را محدود می‌کند.

محدود کردن دید

— To obstruct or limit the field of vision.

مه غلیظ دید رانندگان را محدود کرد.

محدود کردن دامنه نوسان

— To limit the fluctuation range (often used in stock markets).

بورس دامنه نوسان قیمت‌ها را محدود کرد.

يُخلط عادةً مع

محدود کردن vs ممنوع کردن

Mumnu' kardan means to forbid entirely, while mahdud kardan means to set a limit but still allow within boundaries.

محدود کردن vs مسدود کردن

Masdud kardan means to block or close off completely (like a road or a bank account), whereas mahdud is about extent.

محدود کردن vs کم کردن

Kam kardan simply means to reduce the quantity, while mahdud kardan implies setting a specific boundary or limit.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"پا را از گلیم خود فراتر نهادن"

— To go beyond one's limits; the opposite of limiting oneself.

او پا را از گلیمش فراتر نهاد و در کار من دخالت کرد.

Informal/Idiomatic

"حد و حدود نگه داشتن"

— To keep within boundaries; to respect limits.

باید در شوخی کردن حد و حدود را نگه داری.

Neutral

"خط قرمز کشیدن"

— To draw a red line; to set an absolute limit.

او روی این موضوع خط قرمز کشید و آن را محدود کرد.

Neutral/Political

"افسار کسی را کشیدن"

— To pull someone's reins; to limit someone's freedom or actions.

رئیس بالاخره افسار او را کشید و فعالیت‌هایش را محدود کرد.

Informal

"در نطفه خفه کردن"

— To choke in the bud; to limit something before it even starts.

آنها اعتراضات را در نطفه خفه و محدود کردند.

Strong/Informal

"بال و پر کسی را چیدن"

— To clip someone's wings; to severely limit someone's ability or freedom.

با این قوانین جدید، بال و پر هنرمندان را چیدند.

Metaphorical

"تنگنا ایجاد کردن"

— To create a bottleneck; to limit options or movement through pressure.

تحریم‌ها برای مردم تنگنا ایجاد کرده است.

Formal

"سد راه شدن"

— To become a barrier; to limit progress.

او همیشه سد راه موفقیت‌های من می‌شود.

Neutral

"دایره را تنگ کردن"

— To tighten the circle; to gradually limit someone's options or space.

پلیس دایره را بر مجرمان تنگ و محدود کرد.

Neutral

"حد خود را دانستن"

— To know one's limit; to stay within one's boundaries.

بهتر است حد خودت را بدانی و پایت را فراتر نگذاری.

Informal/Can be rude

سهل الخلط

محدود کردن vs تحدید

Sounds like 'tahdid' (threat).

Tadhid (تحدید) means delimitation/limiting. Tahdid (تهدید) with a different 'h' means threat. They sound identical to most learners.

تحدید مرزها (delimiting borders) vs تهدید دشمن (enemy threat).

محدود کردن vs منحصر

Both involve restriction.

Mahdud is about the amount/extent. Monhaser is about exclusivity (only for one).

وقت محدود (limited time) vs استفاده منحصر به اعضا (exclusive use for members).

محدود کردن vs محصور

Both start with 'mah-' and involve boundaries.

Mahdud is abstract/quantitative. Mahsur is physical enclosure (walled in).

بودجه محدود (limited budget) vs شهر محصور (besieged/enclosed city).

محدود کردن vs مقید

Both mean restricted in some way.

Mahdud is a general limit. Moqayyad is being bound by a rule or condition.

سرعت محدود (limited speed) vs فرد مقید به آداب (person bound by etiquette).

محدود کردن vs کاستن

Both involve making something smaller.

Kastan is to decrease/subtract. Mahdud kardan is to set a perimeter.

کاستن از وزن (reducing weight) vs محدود کردن وزن بار (limiting the cargo weight).

أنماط الجُمل

[Subject] [Object] را محدود می‌کند.

او آب را محدود می‌کند.

[Subject] [Object] را به [Limit] محدود کرد.

من وقتم را به یک ساعت محدود کردم.

باید [Object] را محدود کنیم تا [Result].

باید هزینه‌ها را محدود کنیم تا پول پس‌انداز شود.

[Subject] سعی دارد [Abstract Object] را محدود کند.

دولت سعی دارد نفوذ رقبا را محدود کند.

محدود کردن [Concept] منجر به [Consequence] می‌شود.

محدود کردن آزادی بیان منجر به نارضایتی می‌شود.

با محدود کردن [Variable]، می‌توان به [Result] دست یافت.

با محدود کردن متغیرها، می‌توان به نتیجه دقیق رسید.

[Object] توسط [Subject] محدود شده است.

قدرت او توسط قانون محدود شده است.

آیا می‌توانی [Object] را محدود کنی؟

آیا می‌توانی صدای تلویزیون را محدود کنی؟

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

محدودیت limitation/restriction

حد limit/boundary/border

تحدید delimitation/limiting (formal)

حدود limits/boundaries (plural)

الأفعال

محدود شدن to be limited (passive)

تحدید کردن to delimit (formal)

الصفات

محدود limited/restricted

نامحدود unlimited/infinite

بی‌حد limitless/boundless

مرتبط

حریم (sanctuary/perimeter)

مرز (border)

مانع (obstacle)

قید (constraint)

انحصار (monopoly/exclusivity)

سجّل مجاناً لرؤية جميع الأمثلة

كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

High (especially in news, business, and academic writing).

أخطاء شائعة

محدود کردن با (mahdud kardan ba) → محدود کردن به (mahdud kardan be)
Learners often use 'ba' (with) because of English influence ('limit with'). In Persian, you limit 'to' (be) a certain point.
وقتم محدود کرد (vaqtam mahdud kard) → وقتم محدود شد (vaqtam mahdud shod)
Confusing active and passive. 'My time limited' doesn't work; it must be 'My time was limited'.
محدود کردن قیمت (mahdud kardan-e gheymat) → کم کردن قیمت (kam kardan-e gheymat)
Using 'limit' for 'reduce'. You limit the *range* of prices, but you *reduce* a specific price.
من محدودم کردم (man mahdudam kardam) → من خودم را محدود کردم (man khodam ra mahdud kardam)
Incorrect reflexive structure. You need 'khodam ra' to say 'I limited myself'.
محدود کردن در... (mahdud kardan dar...) → محدود کردن به... (mahdud kardan be...)
Using 'in' instead of 'to'. You limit the study *to* a chapter, not *in* a chapter (unless you mean the limiting happened inside it).

نصائح

Light Verb Rule

Remember that in 'mahdud kardan', only the 'kardan' part changes. 'Mahdud' is like an anchor that stays the same regardless of who is doing the action or when it happens.

Be Specific with 'Be'

Whenever you use this verb, try to add a 'be' phrase to show the exact limit. It makes your Persian sound much more precise and advanced.

The 'Mah-' Prefix

Many Persian adjectives starting with 'Mah-' are passive participles from Arabic. Recognizing this pattern helps you guess the meanings of other words like 'masdud' (blocked).

The Soft 'H'

Don't pronounce the 'h' in 'mahdud' too harshly. It should be a gentle breath of air, similar to the 'h' in 'house', not the 'kh' in 'Khan'.

Polite Restrictions

When you need to turn someone down or limit your involvement, using 'mahdud kardan' sounds more polite and objective than just saying 'no' or 'I won't'.

Research Scope

If you are writing a paper in Persian, use 'mahdud kardan-e damane-ye tahqiq' to describe how you narrowed your research focus. It's a standard academic phrase.

App Settings

Change your phone language to Persian. You will see 'mahdud kardan' everywhere in the privacy and security settings, which is great for immersion.

Dead-End Logic

Associate 'Mahdud' with 'Dead-end'. You are creating a dead-end for an activity so it cannot continue past a certain point.

Exclusivity Check

If the limit is about making something 'exclusive' to one person, use 'monhaser kardan' instead for a more natural feel.

Context is King

Always check if you are limiting a quantity or a physical space. If physical, 'mahsur kardan' (enclosing) might be the better choice.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Think of the 'DUD' in 'Mah-DUD' as a 'Dead' end. When you limit something, you create a dead end for it so it can't go further. MAH-DUD KARDAN = Make a Dead end.

ربط بصري

Imagine a person drawing a circle with chalk around a group of people. The chalk line is the 'Mahdud' and the act of drawing it is 'Kardan'.

Word Web

حد (Limit) مرز (Border) قانون (Law) زمان (Time) پول (Money) آزادی (Freedom) دسترسی (Access) انتخاب (Choice)

تحدٍّ

Try to write three things you want to 'mahdud kardan' in your life this week (e.g., sugar, social media, sleeping late) using full Persian sentences.

أصل الكلمة

The word 'mahdud' is the passive participle of the Arabic root 'H-D-D' (ح-د-د), which relates to sharpening, defining, or setting a boundary. It entered Persian through the extensive linguistic exchange following the Islamic conquest. The second part, 'kardan', is a pure Old Persian root 'kar-', which has evolved over millennia to become the primary light verb for creating compound actions in Modern Persian.

المعنى الأصلي: To mark a boundary or to sharpen an edge (so as to define it).

Semitic (root) + Indo-European (light verb).

السياق الثقافي

When discussing 'limiting' someone's freedom or rights, be aware that this can be a politically sensitive topic in modern Iran.

English speakers might find 'mahdud kardan' more formal than 'to limit'. In English, 'to limit' is used very casually. In Persian, 'kam kardan' is often the casual default, while 'mahdud kardan' sounds slightly more deliberate.

Classical poetry often discusses the 'limits' of the heart or the 'limitless' nature of divine love. Modern Iranian cinema often explores themes of 'social limitations' (mahdudiyat-haye ejtema'i). The Iranian constitution uses this verb to define the boundaries of government branches.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Finance/Economy

محدود کردن بودجه
محدود کردن تورم
محدود کردن هزینه‌های جاری
محدود کردن واردات کالا

Technology

محدود کردن دسترسی کاربران
محدود کردن پهنای باند
محدود کردن حجم آپلود
محدود کردن کوکی‌ها

Health/Diet

محدود کردن کالری
محدود کردن مصرف شکر
محدود کردن فعالیت بدنی
محدود کردن چربی خون

Law/Politics

محدود کردن آزادی بیان
محدود کردن قدرت سیاسی
محدود کردن حقوق مدنی
محدود کردن اختیارات قانونی

Personal Productivity

محدود کردن زمان مطالعه
محدود کردن حواس‌پرتی‌ها
محدود کردن جلسات کاری
محدود کردن اهداف روزانه

بدايات محادثة

"آیا فکر می‌کنی دولت باید دسترسی به اینترنت را محدود کند؟"

"چطور می‌توانیم هزینه‌های زندگی‌مان را در این ماه محدود کنیم؟"

"آیا تو زمان استفاده از شبکه‌های اجتماعی را برای خودت محدود کرده‌ای؟"

"به نظر تو، آیا محدود کردن آزادی‌ها همیشه بد است؟"

"چگونه می‌توانیم دامنه این پروژه را محدود کنیم تا زودتر تمام شود؟"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

درباره زمانی بنویسید که مجبور شدید آزادی‌های خود را برای رسیدن به یک هدف بزرگتر محدود کنید.

آیا فکر می‌کنید تکنولوژی زندگی ما را محدود کرده است یا آن را گسترش داده است؟ چرا؟

سه چیزی را نام ببرید که دوست دارید در زندگی‌تان محدود کنید و توضیح دهید چرا.

اگر می‌توانستید قدرت یک سیاستمدار را محدود کنید، چه کسی را انتخاب می‌کردید و چرا؟

نقش محدودیت‌ها در خلاقیت چیست؟ آیا محدود کردن گزینه‌ها به هنرمند کمک می‌کند؟

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

'Kam kardan' means to reduce the quantity (e.g., lower the volume). 'Mahdud kardan' means to set a boundary or limit (e.g., setting a rule that the volume cannot go above 5). Use 'mahdud' when there is a specific ceiling or perimeter involved.

Yes, you can 'limit' someone's actions or freedom (محدود کردن کسی). However, it often sounds quite restrictive or controlling. In a professional context, you might limit someone's 'authorities' (اختیارات).

It is neutral to formal. It's perfectly fine in a professional email or a news report. For very informal speech, people might just say 'نذار زیاد بشه' (don't let it become too much).

The opposite is 'namahdud' (نامحدود). For example, 'internet-e namahdud' (unlimited internet). You can also use 'bi-hadd' (limitless).

The most common preposition is 'be' (to). For example: 'محدود کردن به ده نفر' (limiting to ten people). You also use 'ra' for the direct object being limited.

Yes, 'to restrict' is one of the primary translations. It is used exactly like 'restrict' in contexts like 'restricting access' or 'restricting movement'.

Yes, 'mahdud kardan-e jostoju' is the correct term for filtering or narrowing down search results in a digital context.

The noun is 'mahdudiyat' (محدودیت), meaning 'limitation' or 'restriction'. For example: 'mahdudiyat-haye keronayi' (Corona restrictions).

Absolutely. 'Mahdud' is a derivative of 'hadd' (limit). Knowing 'hadd' helps you understand a whole family of Persian words related to boundaries.

It's a regular compound verb. I limited = محدود کردم (mahdud kardam). You limited = محدود کردی (mahdud kardi). He/She limited = محدود کرد (mahdud kard).

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