At the A1 level, learners are just beginning to grasp basic vocabulary. They would understand simple concepts related to weather and personal states. For example, they might learn that 'rain makes things wet' or that 'sweat makes clothes damp.' The focus is on very concrete, tangible examples. Sentences would be extremely simple, like 'It is wet' or 'This is damp.' The concept of 'damp' versus 'wet' is not yet a concern, and simpler words might be used initially.
A2 learners can handle more common vocabulary and simple sentence structures. They can describe everyday situations. They might learn to say 'The ground is damp after the rain' or 'My hands are damp with sweat.' They can differentiate between a dry day and a day where things feel damp. They might start to encounter the adjective form 'shimettai' to describe humid weather. The distinction between 'damp' and 'wet' begins to be introduced, though not with full nuance.
B1 learners have a broader vocabulary and can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters. They can produce simple connected text on topics which are familiar or of personal interest. They are expected to understand and use 湿る (shimeru) accurately to describe things becoming damp due to rain, humidity, or sweat. They can differentiate it from 濡れる (nureru). They can also use the te-form + iru for ongoing states (e.g., 'the floor is damp'). They can use 湿っぽい (shimettai) to describe humid weather.
B2 learners can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics. They can interact with a degree of fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without strain for either party. At this level, they can understand and use 湿る in more nuanced contexts, perhaps including figurative language, and can explain the differences between 湿る, 濡れる, and 湿気 (humidity) with clarity. They can also discuss the implications of dampness, such as potential mold growth or discomfort.
C1 learners can understand a wide range of demanding, longer texts, and recognize implicit meaning. They can express themselves fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. They can use 湿る in sophisticated descriptions, potentially in literary or technical contexts. They can analyze the causes and effects of dampness on materials or environments. They might also discuss the cultural significance of humidity in Japan, for example, during the rainy season.
C2 learners can understand with ease virtually everything heard or read. They can summarize information from different spoken and written sources, reconstructing arguments and accounts in a coherent presentation. At the C2 level, learners would have a complete mastery of 湿る, understanding its full range of literal and figurative meanings, its etymology, and its subtle distinctions from all related vocabulary. They could use it with the precision of a native speaker in any context, including highly specialized or literary ones.

湿る في 30 ثانية

  • 湿る (shimeru) means to become damp or moist.
  • It's used for things like sweaty clothes, damp ground after rain, or humid air.
  • Distinguish it from 濡れる (nureru), which means to get thoroughly wet.
Understanding 湿る (Shimeru) - To Get Damp or Moist

The Japanese verb 湿る (shimeru) is a fundamental word used to describe the state of something becoming damp or moist. It signifies a change from a dry state to one where moisture is present. This can happen due to various reasons, such as exposure to humidity, rain, sweat, or even spilled liquids. It's a common and versatile verb that appears in everyday conversations and descriptions of natural phenomena.

Literal Meaning
To become wet, damp, or moist.
Nuance
Often implies a gradual process or an undesirable state of being wet, rather than being thoroughly soaked.

雨が降った後、地面が湿っている。
Ame ga futta ato, jimen ga shimatte iru.

After the rain fell, the ground is damp.

You'll commonly hear 湿る used when talking about the weather, especially during humid seasons like the rainy season (梅雨 - tsuyu) in Japan. It can also describe clothes that have become damp from sweat after exercise, or even a room that feels clammy due to high humidity. The verb can be used to describe both natural and man-made situations where moisture accumulates.

汗でシャツが湿ってしまった。
Ase de shatsu ga shimotte shimatta.

My shirt became damp with sweat.

Understanding 湿る is crucial for accurately describing environments and personal experiences related to moisture. It adds a layer of detail to your Japanese vocabulary, allowing you to express subtle differences in wetness.

Usage Examples
Describing the weather: 「空気が湿っぽい。」(Kuuki ga shimettai. - The air is damp/humid.)
Describing objects: 「タオルが湿っている。」(Taoru ga shimatte iru. - The towel is damp.)
Describing the body: 「手が汗で湿る。」(Te ga ase de shimeru. - My hands get damp with sweat.)

この部屋はいつも湿っている。
Kono heya wa itsumo shimatte iru.

This room is always damp.

The verb 湿る can also be used metaphorically, though this is less common at a B1 level. For instance, it might describe a feeling of melancholy or sadness, akin to a 'damp' mood. However, its primary and most frequent use relates to physical moisture.

Related Adjective
The adjective 湿っぽい (shimettai) means 'damp' or 'humid' and is often used to describe the atmosphere or a feeling.

Mastering 湿る will allow you to paint a more vivid picture when describing environments, weather conditions, or the physical sensations of being in a humid or damp place. It's a subtle but important word for enriching your descriptive abilities in Japanese.

Mastering 湿る (Shimeru) in Japanese Sentences

The verb 湿る (shimeru) is conjugated like a typical ichidan (Group 2) verb. This means its conjugation patterns are relatively straightforward, making it easier to incorporate into your sentences. Understanding its common grammatical patterns will significantly improve your fluency.

Te-form (湿って - shimatte)
The te-form, 湿って (shimatte), is extremely versatile. It's used for continuous states, requests, and connecting clauses.

雨で道が湿っている。
Ame de michi ga shimatte iru.

The road is damp due to the rain.

The structure 〜て いる (te iru) is frequently used with 湿る to indicate a state of being damp. This is a crucial pattern for describing ongoing conditions.

Past Tense (湿った - shimatta)
The past tense, 湿った (shimatta), indicates that something became damp at a specific point in the past.

昨夜、洗濯物が湿った
Sakuyoru, sentakumono ga shimatta.

The laundry got damp last night.

You can also use 湿る with potential forms, negative forms, and volitional forms, although these are less common for describing a simple state of dampness and might imply an action or possibility.

Common Sentence Structures
  • Subject + は/が + 湿る。 (Subject + wa/ga + shimeru.) - Subject gets damp.
  • Subject + は/が + 湿って + いる/いた。 (Subject + wa/ga + shimatte + iru/ita.) - Subject is/was damp.
  • 〜によって + 湿る。 (...ni yotte + shimeru.) - Gets damp due to...
  • 〜と + 湿る。 (...to + shimeru.) - When X happens, it gets damp.

この時期は、空気が湿りやすい
Kono jiki wa, kuuki ga shimeriyasui.

The air tends to get damp easily during this season.

The adjective form 湿っぽい (shimettai) is often used to describe the feeling or quality of being damp or humid. It can modify nouns directly.

Using 湿っぽい (shimettai)
湿っぽい天気だね。」(Shimettai tenki da ne. - It's damp/humid weather, isn't it?)
「この服は湿っぽい匂いがする。」(Kono fuku wa shimettai nioi ga suru. - This clothing has a damp smell.)

地下室はいつも湿っている
Chikashitsu wa itsumo shimatte iru.

The basement is always damp.

When constructing sentences, remember to consider the subject and the cause of the dampness. The particle が (ga) is often used to mark the subject that is becoming damp, while particles like で (de) or から (kara) can indicate the cause.

タオルが湿っているので、干しておきます。
Taoru ga shimatte iru node, hoshi shite okimasu.

The towel is damp, so I will hang it out to dry.

By practicing these sentence structures and forms, you'll become more comfortable using 湿る to accurately describe various situations involving moisture.

Real-World Usage of 湿る (Shimeru)

You'll encounter 湿る (shimeru) in a wide array of everyday situations in Japan, from casual conversations to more formal descriptions. Its versatility makes it a frequently used term.

Weather and Climate
This is perhaps the most common context. During Japan's rainy season (梅雨 - tsuyu), the air is persistently humid, and things tend to get damp easily. People will often comment on the weather using 湿る or its adjective form 湿っぽい (shimettai).

梅雨時は、洗濯物が湿りやすい
Tsuyu-ji wa, sentakumono ga shimeriyasui.

Laundry tends to get damp easily during the rainy season.
Household and Daily Life
Describing the state of household items is another frequent use. For example, towels, clothes, or even the walls of a bathroom can become damp.

お風呂場の床が湿っている
Ofuroba no yuka ga shimatte iru.

The bathroom floor is damp.
Sports and Physical Activity
After exercising, people often talk about their clothes or skin becoming damp with sweat.

運動して、Tシャツが湿ってしまった。
Undō shite, T-shatsu ga shimotte shimatta.

I exercised, and my T-shirt got damp.
Nature and Environment
When describing outdoor environments, especially after rain or in misty conditions, 湿る is commonly used.

森の中は空気が湿っている
Mori no naka wa kuuki ga shimatte iru.

The air in the forest is damp.
Food and Cooking
While less common, it can be used to describe food that has become moist, for example, if a pastry has absorbed moisture from the air.

このクッキーは湿っている。
Kono kukkii wa shimatte iru.

These cookies are moist/soggy.

In media, such as dramas, movies, or news reports, 湿る will be used to describe weather conditions, the atmosphere of a scene, or the physical state of objects or people.

Figurative Use (Less Common for Learners)
Occasionally, 湿る can be used metaphorically to describe a feeling of sadness or gloom, as in a 'dampened' spirit. However, this is less common and more advanced.

By being aware of these common contexts, you'll be better equipped to recognize and use 湿る appropriately in your Japanese learning journey.

Avoiding Pitfalls with 湿る (Shimeru)

While 湿る (shimeru) is a straightforward verb, learners can sometimes make mistakes, especially when comparing it to similar words or using it in slightly incorrect grammatical structures. Here are some common errors to watch out for:

Confusing 湿る (shimeru) with 濡れる (nureru)
This is the most frequent confusion. 湿る (shimeru) implies becoming damp or moist, often gradually or to a lesser extent. 濡れる (nureru) means to get wet, usually more thoroughly, like being soaked by rain or water. While a shirt might get 湿る from sweat, it would get 濡れる if you fell into a swimming pool.

Mistake: 雨で服が湿ってしまった。
(Ame de fuku ga shimotte shimatta.)
Correction: 雨で服が濡れてしまった。
(Ame de fuku ga nurete shimatta.)

Incorrect: My clothes got damp from the rain. Correct: My clothes got wet from the rain.
Incorrect Verb Conjugation
As an ichidan verb, 湿る conjugates simply. Forgetting to drop the final る (ru) for certain forms, or applying godan (Group 1) conjugations, can lead to errors.

Mistake: 地面が湿るている
(Jimen ga shimaru te iru.)
Correction: 地面が湿っている。
(Jimen ga shimatte iru.)

Incorrect: The ground is getting damp. Correct: The ground is damp.
Overuse or Misapplication of 〜やすい (yasui)
While 湿りやすい (shimeriyasui) means 'tends to get damp,' learners might incorrectly apply it to situations where something is simply damp, not prone to becoming damp.

Mistake: このタオルは湿りやすいです。
(Kono taoru wa shimeriyasui desu.)
Correction: このタオルは湿っています。
(Kono taoru wa shimatte imasu.)

Incorrect: This towel tends to get damp. Correct: This towel is damp.
Confusing with 湿気 (shikke - humidity)
湿気 (shikke) is a noun meaning 'humidity' or 'dampness' as a condition. 湿る (shimeru) is a verb describing the action or state of becoming damp. You can't use them interchangeably.

Mistake: 部屋が湿気ている。
(Heya ga shikke te iru.)
Correction: 部屋が湿っている。
(Heya ga shimatte iru.)

Incorrect: The room is humid. Correct: The room is damp.

By being mindful of these common errors and practicing the correct forms and distinctions, you'll be able to use 湿る with confidence and accuracy.

Exploring Words Similar to 湿る (Shimeru)

While 湿る (shimeru) is your primary word for 'to get damp,' Japanese offers several related terms that convey nuances of wetness, humidity, and moisture. Understanding these distinctions will help you choose the most precise word for any given situation.

濡れる (nureru) - To Get Wet
湿る (shimeru) vs. 濡れる (nureru): This is the most critical distinction. 湿る implies becoming damp or moist, often less intensely. 濡れる means to get wet, typically more thoroughly, as if soaked.

Example for 湿る: 汗でシャツが湿る。(Ase de shatsu ga shimeru.) - My shirt gets damp with sweat.
Example for 濡れる: 雨で服が濡れる。(Ame de fuku ga nureru.) - My clothes get wet from the rain.
湿っぽい (shimettai) - Damp; Humid (Adjective)
This is the adjective form derived from 湿る. It describes the state or quality of being damp or humid.

Example: 今日の天気は湿っぽい。(Kyō no tenki wa shimettai.) - Today's weather is damp/humid.
湿気 (shikke) - Humidity; Dampness (Noun)
This noun refers to the presence of moisture in the air or as a condition. It's the abstract concept of humidity.

Example: 夏は湿気が多い。(Natsu wa shikke ga ōi.) - There is a lot of humidity in the summer.
水っぽい (mizuppoi) - Watery; Thin (Adjective)
This adjective describes something that is too thin, watery, or diluted. It relates to liquid content but not necessarily dampness in the air.

Example: このスープは水っぽい。(Kono sūpu wa mizuppoi.) - This soup is watery.
潤う (uruou) - To be moist; To be hydrated; To profit (Verb)
This verb has a broader meaning. It can mean to become moist or hydrated, especially for skin or plants. It also has a figurative meaning of becoming richer or benefiting.

Example (moist): 肌が潤っている。(Hada ga urootte iru.) - My skin is moist/hydrated.
Example (figurative): 儲かって潤う。(Mōkatte uruou.) - To profit and become well-off.
濡らす (nurasu) - To Wet; To soak (Transitive Verb)
This is the transitive counterpart to 濡れる (nureru). It means to cause something to become wet.

Example: 醤油をこぼしてテーブルを濡らした。(Shōyu o koboshite tēburu o nurashita.) - I spilled soy sauce and wet the table.

Comparison Table

Word Type Meaning Intensity
湿る (shimeru) Verb To get damp/moist Mild
濡れる (nureru) Verb To get wet Moderate to Heavy
湿っぽい (shimettai) Adjective Damp; Humid Describes state/quality
湿気 (shikke) Noun Humidity; Dampness Abstract condition

By understanding these nuances, you can accurately express the specific degree and type of moisture in your Japanese.

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

The kanji 湿 (shitsu) is composed of the radical 氵 (water) on the left and the phonetic component 甚 (jin - meaning 'very' or 'great') on the right. This suggests the idea of 'much water' or 'greatly affected by water,' leading to the meaning of dampness. The verb form 湿る is a native Japanese word, while 湿気 (humidity) uses the Sino-Japanese reading.

دليل النطق

UK /ʃɪˈmɛruː/
US /ʃɪˈmɛru/
The stress falls on the second syllable, 'me' (め).
يتقافى مع
しめる (shimeru) ためる (tameru - to save) こめる (komeru - to put in/include) はめる (hameru - to fit/insert) 決める (kimeru - to decide) 覚める (sameru - to wake up) 止める (yameru - to stop) 締める (shimeru - to tighten)
أخطاء شائعة
  • Pronouncing the final 'u' (る) too strongly, making it sound like 'roo'.
  • Not clearly distinguishing 'shi' from 'chi' or 'hi'.
  • Incorrectly stressing the first syllable.

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 2/5

At the B1 level, reading texts containing 湿る should be manageable. Learners can typically understand descriptions of weather, personal states, and simple environmental conditions. Complex figurative uses might require further study.

الكتابة 2/5

Learners at B1 should be able to use 湿る in simple descriptive sentences. They might need practice with different conjugations and distinguishing it from 濡れる.

التحدث 2/5

Speaking about dampness in everyday situations (weather, personal comfort) should be achievable. Pronunciation and choosing the correct word (湿る vs. 濡れる) are key.

الاستماع 2/5

Understanding 湿る in spoken Japanese related to common topics like weather reports or daily conversations is expected at B1.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

雨 (ame - rain) 水 (mizu - water) 乾く (kawaku - to get dry) 汗 (ase - sweat) 服 (fuku - clothes)

تعلّم لاحقاً

濡れる (nureru - to get wet) 湿気 (shikke - humidity) 湿っぽい (shimettai - damp, humid) 結露する (ketsuro suru - to condense)

متقدم

カビ (kabi - mold) 劣化する (rekkasuru - to deteriorate) 風土 (fūdo - climate, natural features) 蒸し暑い (mushiatsui - hot and humid)

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Ichidan Verb Conjugation

湿る (shimeru) is an ichidan verb. To form the te-form, drop the final る and add て: 湿って (shimatte). For the past tense, drop る and add た: 湿った (shimatta).

Using 〜ている for states

To describe something being in a state of dampness, use the te-form + いる: 地面が湿っている (Jimen ga shimatte iru - The ground is damp).

Using 〜やすい for tendency

To say something tends to get damp, attach 〜やすい to the stem of the verb: 空気が湿りやすい (Kuuki ga shimeriyasui - The air tends to get damp).

Distinguishing transitive and intransitive verbs

湿る (shimeru) is intransitive (something becomes damp). 濡らす (nurasu) is transitive (to make something wet). Example: 服が濡れた (Fuku ga nureta - Clothes got wet). 誰かが服を濡らした (Dareka ga fuku o nurashita - Someone wet the clothes).

Using adjectives derived from verbs

The adjective 湿っぽい (shimettai - damp/humid) is formed from 湿る. It can modify nouns: 湿っぽい天気 (Shimettai tenki - Damp/humid weather).

أمثلة حسب المستوى

1

あめ、みず。

Rain, water.

Basic nouns related to water and weather.

2

くつ、ぬれる。

Shoes, get wet.

Simple noun-verb pairing.

3

じめん、みず。

Ground, water.

Basic nouns.

4

くも、あめ。

Cloud, rain.

Basic nouns.

5

ふく、ぬれる。

Clothes, get wet.

Simple noun-verb pairing.

6

て、みず。

Hand, water.

Basic nouns.

7

つめたい。

Cold.

Basic adjective.

8

あつい。

Hot.

Basic adjective.

1

あめがふって、じめんが しめっています。

It's raining, and the ground is damp.

Using ている (te iru) for a state.

2

このへやは しめっぽい です。

This room is humid/damp.

Using the adjective 湿っぽい (shimettai).

3

うんどうして、シャツが しめました。

I exercised, and my shirt got damp.

Past tense of 湿る.

4

タオルが しめっています。

The towel is damp.

State of being damp.

5

じめんが みずで ぬれています。

The ground is wet with water.

Distinguishing 濡れる (nureru) from 湿る (shimeru).

6

くうきが しめっています。

The air is damp/humid.

Describing air quality.

7

ふねが みずで ぬれました。

The boat got wet with water.

Past tense of 濡れる.

8

てが しめっています。

My hands are damp.

Describing a physical state.

1

雨が止んだ後、アスファルトがまだ湿っている。

After the rain stopped, the asphalt is still damp.

Using the -te iru form to describe an ongoing state.

2

この地下室はいつも湿っているので、カビが生えやすい。

This basement is always damp, so mold tends to grow easily.

Connecting dampness to consequences.

3

運動で汗をかき、Tシャツが湿ってしまった。

I sweated from exercise, and my T-shirt became damp.

Using the past tense 〜てしまった (te shimatta) to indicate an unintentional or completed action.

4

梅雨時は、洗濯物が湿りやすいので、部屋干しにしている。

During the rainy season, laundry tends to get damp easily, so I dry it indoors.

Using 〜やすい (yasui) with 湿る to indicate tendency.

5

霧が深くて、服が少し湿ってきた

The fog was thick, and my clothes started to get a little damp.

Using 〜てきた (te kita) to indicate a gradual change.

6

この革の靴は雨に濡れると、乾くまで湿ったままになる。

These leather shoes, when wet by rain, remain damp until they dry.

Describing a continued state after an event.

7

湿度の高い日には、窓ガラスが湿って結露することがある。

On days with high humidity, the window panes can get damp and form condensation.

Explaining a natural phenomenon related to dampness.

8

タオルを絞った後、まだ少し湿っていた

After wringing out the towel, it was still a little damp.

Describing a residual state.

1

長雨の影響で、土壌が過度に湿り、植物の根腐れが懸念されている。

Due to the prolonged rain, the soil has become excessively damp, raising concerns about root rot in plants.

Using 湿る in a more technical context related to agriculture or environmental science.

2

古い書物の中には、保管状態が悪く、ページが湿って紙が劣化しているものがある。

Among old books, there are some whose pages have become damp and the paper has degraded due to poor storage conditions.

Describing the deterioration of materials due to dampness.

3

サウナを出た後、肌が湿っているのを感じた。

After leaving the sauna, I felt my skin was damp.

Describing a sensory experience after a humid environment.

4

この地域は年間を通じて湿り気を帯びており、独特の生態系を育んでいる。

This region remains damp throughout the year, fostering a unique ecosystem.

Using 湿り気 (shimerike - noun form of dampness) and describing its effect on an ecosystem.

5

彼の言葉は、まるで湿った空気のように、私の心に重くのしかかった。

His words weighed heavily on my heart, like damp air.

Figurative use of 湿る to describe an emotional state.

6

一度湿ってしまった布団は、完全に乾かすのに大変な労力が必要だ。

Futons that have become damp once require significant effort to dry completely.

Discussing the practical difficulties associated with dampness.

7

この建材は、水に強いとされているが、長期間湿り続けると劣化する可能性がある。

Although this building material is said to be water-resistant, it may degrade if it continues to be damp for a long period.

Discussing material properties and degradation.

8

雨上がりの森は、土と植物の匂いで湿っていた。

The forest after the rain was damp with the smell of earth and plants.

Describing an atmosphere using sensory details.

1

長期間にわたる梅雨前線の停滞により、沿岸部の湿度は飽和状態に達し、あらゆるものが湿り、不快指数は過去最高を記録した。

Due to the prolonged stagnation of the rainy season front, humidity in the coastal areas reached saturation, making everything damp, and the discomfort index recorded its highest level ever.

Using 湿る in a formal, descriptive report about weather phenomena and its impact.

2

彼の詩は、失われた愛への郷愁で湿っており、読者に深い感傷を呼び起こす。

His poetry is steeped in nostalgia for lost love, evoking deep melancholy in the reader.

Figurative use of 湿る to describe the emotional tone of literature.

3

古文書の保存においては、温度管理と並んで、湿度管理が極めて重要である。過度な湿りは紙の脆化やインクの滲みを招き、歴史的価値を損なう。

In the preservation of ancient documents, humidity control is extremely important alongside temperature control. Excessive dampness leads to paper embrittlement and ink bleeding, diminishing historical value.

Using 湿る (or related noun forms) in a technical context discussing preservation of historical artifacts.

4

その寂れた港町は、常に潮風に湿り、どこか物悲しい雰囲気を纏っていた。

That desolate port town was always damp with sea breeze, exuding a somewhat melancholic atmosphere.

Using 湿る to create a strong sense of atmosphere and place.

5

蒸し暑い夏の夜、窓を開けても部屋の空気は湿りを帯びたまま、寝苦しさを増幅させた。

On hot and humid summer nights, even with the windows open, the air in the room remained damp, amplifying the difficulty of sleeping.

Describing a tangible discomfort caused by persistent dampness.

6

彼の演技は、登場人物の内面の葛藤を巧みに表現しており、観客の心に静かに湿っていくようだった。

His acting skillfully portrayed the inner conflicts of the character, seemingly seeping quietly into the audience's hearts.

Metaphorical use of 湿る to describe the subtle, pervasive impact of art.

7

長雨によって土壌が飽和状態となり、地盤が湿り、一部地域では地滑りの危険性が高まった。

The soil became saturated due to the prolonged rain, the ground became damp, and the risk of landslides increased in some areas.

Discussing geological impacts of prolonged dampness.

8

その古い城壁は、幾世紀もの風雨に湿り、苔むした独特の風情を呈していた。

The old castle walls, damp from centuries of wind and rain, presented a unique charm covered in moss.

Describing the aged appearance of structures due to environmental exposure.

1

熱帯雨林の生態系は、年間を通じて高温多湿な気候に依存しており、植物の葉が常に湿り、独特の微生物相を育んでいる。

The ecosystem of tropical rainforests depends on a consistently hot and humid climate throughout the year, where plant leaves are perpetually damp, fostering a unique microbial community.

Technical description of an ecosystem relying on specific climatic conditions.

2

彼の小説における登場人物の心理描写は、繊細な感情の機微を捉え、読者の深層心理に静かに、しかし確実に湿っていく。

The psychological portrayal of characters in his novels captures the subtle nuances of delicate emotions, seeping quietly but surely into the reader's subconscious.

Highly metaphorical use of 湿る to describe the profound and subtle impact of literature on the reader's psyche.

3

建築材料の耐久性評価において、吸湿性と放湿性のバランスは極めて重要であり、過度な湿りや乾燥の繰り返しは構造材の劣化を早める。

In evaluating the durability of construction materials, the balance between moisture absorption and release is extremely critical; repeated cycles of excessive dampness or drying accelerate the degradation of structural components.

Using 湿る in a highly specialized context of material science and engineering.

4

その詩人の言葉は、人生の悲哀と孤独を滲ませ、読者の魂の奥底に、まるで長雨の後の土のように、静かに湿っていく。

The poet's words, imbued with life's sorrow and loneliness, seep quietly into the depths of the reader's soul, much like the earth after a long rain.

Poetic and profound metaphorical use of 湿る.

5

古代の壁画は、地下水脈の影響で長年湿り続けた結果、色彩が失われ、描かれた文様も不明瞭となっていた。

Due to the influence of underground water, the ancient murals had remained damp for many years, resulting in the loss of color and the blurring of depicted patterns.

Describing historical artifact degradation due to long-term environmental factors.

6

彼の描く風景画は、光と影のコントラストだけでなく、空気の質感、すなわち、雨上がりの森の湿りまでもが巧みに表現されている。

His landscape paintings skillfully depict not only the contrast of light and shadow but also the texture of the air, that is, even the dampness of the forest after rain.

Art critique using 湿る to describe the artist's ability to capture subtle environmental qualities.

7

地域気候変動の観点から、降水パターンの変化は土壌の湿り具合に直接影響を与え、農業生産性や生態系の安定性に懸念を生じさせている。

From the perspective of regional climate change, alterations in precipitation patterns directly affect soil moisture levels, raising concerns for agricultural productivity and ecosystem stability.

Scientific discussion on climate change and its impact on soil moisture.

8

その物語は、登場人物たちの内に秘めた感情が、まるで地下水が岩盤を湿らせるように、徐々に、しかし確実に表面化していく様を描いている。

The story depicts the hidden emotions of the characters gradually but surely surfacing, much like groundwater dampening bedrock.

Metaphorical use of 湿る to describe the gradual emergence of internal states.

تلازمات شائعة

雨で湿る
汗で湿る
空気が湿る
肌が湿る
タオルが湿る
地下室が湿る
服が湿る
壁が湿る
心に湿る
土が湿る

العبارات الشائعة

湿っている

— Is damp/moist. This is the continuous state form.

床が湿っているので、滑らないように注意してください。(Yuka ga shimatte iru node, suberanai yō ni chūi shite kudasai.) - The floor is damp, so please be careful not to slip.

湿ってしまった

— Became damp/moist (often unintentionally or completely).

急な雨で、靴が湿ってしまった。(Kyū na ame de, kutsu ga shimotte shimatta.) - My shoes got damp because of the sudden rain.

湿りやすい

— Tends to get damp/moist easily.

この時期は空気が湿りやすいですね。(Kono jiki wa kuuki ga shimeriyasui desu ne.) - The air tends to get damp easily this time of year, doesn't it?

湿り気がある

— There is dampness/moisture.

この部屋には湿り気がある。(Kono heya ni wa shimerike ga aru.) - There is dampness in this room.

湿るのを待つ

— To wait for something to become damp.

土が湿るのを待ってから水をあげます。(Tsuchi ga shimeru no o matte kara mizu o agemasu.) - I will water the soil after waiting for it to become damp.

湿った空気

— Damp/humid air.

湿った空気が肌にまとわりつく。(Shimatta kuuki ga hada ni matowaritsuku.) - The damp air clings to my skin.

湿った匂い

— A damp smell.

雨の後、湿った匂いがした。(Ame no ato, shimatta nioi ga shita.) - After the rain, there was a damp smell.

湿った地面

— Damp ground.

子供たちが湿った地面で遊んでいる。(Kodomotachi ga shimatta jimen de asonde iru.) - Children are playing on the damp ground.

湿った布

— Damp cloth.

テーブルを湿った布で拭いた。(Tēburu o shimatta nuno de fuita.) - I wiped the table with a damp cloth.

湿った状態

— A damp state/condition.

この材料は湿った状態を避ける必要があります。(Kono zairyō wa shimatta jōtai o sakeru hitsuyō ga arimasu.) - This material needs to avoid a damp state.

يُخلط عادةً مع

湿る vs 濡れる (nureru)

This is the most common confusion. 湿る means to become damp (mildly wet), while 濡れる means to get wet (thoroughly soaked). Think of damp clothes vs. clothes soaked by rain.

湿る vs 湿気 (shikke)

湿気 is a noun meaning 'humidity' or 'dampness' as a condition. 湿る is a verb meaning 'to become damp'.

湿る vs 乾く (kawaku)

This is the direct opposite verb, meaning 'to become dry.' It's important to distinguish between getting damp and getting dry.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"湿る(しめる)"

— Literally means 'to get damp.' Figuratively, it can sometimes imply a feeling of sadness, gloom, or disappointment, as if one's spirit has been dampened.

彼の話を聞いて、彼の心は湿ったようだった。

Literary/Figurative
"湿った目"

— Literally 'damp eyes.' It can refer to eyes that are teary or filled with sadness.

彼女は湿った目で彼を見つめた。

Literary/Figurative
"湿った空気"

— Literally 'damp air.' Can also metaphorically describe an oppressive, melancholic, or tense atmosphere.

会議室の湿った空気が、議論の難しさを物語っていた。

Figurative
"湿った土の匂い"

— The smell of damp earth. Can evoke feelings of nature, renewal, or sometimes melancholy.

雨上がりの森は、湿った土の匂いが満ちていた。

Descriptive/Figurative
"湿った手"

— Literally 'damp hands.' Can imply nervousness or anxiety, causing sweaty palms.

発表の前、彼は湿った手を握りしめた。

Figurative
"湿った涙"

— Literally 'damp tears.' Emphasizes the wetness of crying, often suggesting deep sorrow.

別れの場面で、彼女の頬を湿った涙が伝った。

Literary/Figurative
"湿った気配"

— A damp presence or feeling. Can refer to literal dampness or a gloomy, somber atmosphere.

その古い屋敷には、何とも言えない湿った気配があった。

Figurative/Atmospheric
"湿った空気を吸い込む"

— To breathe in damp air. Can be literal or figurative, implying absorbing a negative or heavy atmosphere.

彼はその場の重苦しい湿った空気を吸い込んだ。

Figurative
"湿った物語"

— A story that is 'damp' or melancholic, often dealing with themes of sadness or loss.

その作家は、人生の悲哀を湿った物語で描くことで知られている。

Literary Criticism
"湿った心"

— A 'damp' heart, implying sadness, discouragement, or a lack of spirit.

敗北の知らせに、彼の湿った心はさらに沈んだ。

Figurative

سهل الخلط

湿る vs 濡れる

Both verbs describe something becoming wet.

湿る implies becoming damp or moist, often gradually or to a lesser extent. 濡れる implies being thoroughly wet or soaked, like from heavy rain or immersion in water.

雨で傘が<strong>濡れた</strong>。(Kasa ga <strong>nureta</strong> - The umbrella got wet.) vs. 汗でシャツが<strong>湿った</strong>。(Shatsu ga <strong>shimatta</strong> - The shirt got damp with sweat.)

湿る vs 湿気

Both relate to moisture.

湿気 is a noun referring to 'humidity' or 'dampness' in the air or as a condition. 湿る is a verb meaning 'to become damp.' You experience 湿気, and things 湿る because of it.

夏は<strong>湿気が</strong>多い。(Natsu wa <strong>shikke</strong> ga ōi - Summer is humid.) vs. 湿気が多いと、物が<strong>湿る</strong>。(Shikke ga ōi to, mono ga <strong>shimeru</strong> - When humidity is high, things become damp.)

湿る vs 乾燥する

They are opposite states of moisture.

湿る means to become damp/moist. 乾燥する means to dry out or become dry. They represent opposite ends of the moisture spectrum.

雨で<strong>湿った</strong>地面が、太陽で<strong>乾燥した</strong>。(Ame de <strong>shimatta</strong> jimen ga, taiyō de <strong>kansō shita</strong>. - The ground that got damp from rain dried out in the sun.)

湿る vs 水っぽい

Both relate to water content.

湿る refers to becoming damp or moist, often due to ambient humidity or light liquid contact. 水っぽい means 'watery' or 'thin,' usually describing the consistency of a liquid or food that has too much water in it.

このスープは<strong>水っぽい</strong>。(Kono sūpu wa <strong>mizuppoi</strong> - This soup is watery.) vs. 霧で服が少し<strong>湿った</strong>。(Kiri de fuku ga sukoshi <strong>shimatta</strong> - My clothes got a little damp from the fog.)

湿る vs 潤う

Both can relate to moisture.

湿る specifically means to become damp or moist, often in a neutral or slightly negative sense. 潤う means to become moist/hydrated, often in a positive or beneficial way (like skin becoming moisturized), and also has a figurative meaning of becoming prosperous.

肌が<strong>潤っている</strong>。(Hada ga <strong>urootte iru</strong> - My skin is moisturized.) vs. 汗で服が<strong>湿る</strong>。(Ase de fuku ga <strong>shimeru</strong> - Clothes get damp with sweat.)

أنماط الجُمل

A2

Subject + は/が + 湿って + いる。

じめんが<strong>湿って</strong>いる。(The ground is damp.)

A2

Subject + が + 湿った。

シャツが<strong>湿った</strong>。(The shirt got damp.)

B1

Subject + は/が + 湿りやすい。

この時期は空気が<strong>湿りやすい</strong>。(The air tends to get damp easily this season.)

B1

〜によって + Subject + が + 湿る。

雨によって地面が<strong>湿る</strong>。(The ground gets damp due to rain.)

B1

Subject + は + Adjective (湿っぽい) + です。

この部屋は<strong>湿っぽい</strong>です。(This room is damp/humid.)

B1

Subject + は + 湿って + いる + ので/から + Consequence。

床が<strong>湿っている</strong>ので、滑らないように注意してください。(Since the floor is damp, please be careful not to slip.)

B2

Figurative Use: Subject + は + 湿った + ような + Feeling/Atmosphere。

彼の言葉は<strong>湿った</strong>ような悲しさがあった。(His words had a damp-like sadness.)

B2

Context + で + Subject + が + 湿る。

霧の深い森で、服が<strong>湿った</strong>。(In the deep foggy forest, clothes got damp.)

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

湿気 (shikke - humidity)
湿り気 (shimerike - dampness)
湿り (shimeri - dampness, moisture)

الأفعال

湿る (shimeru - to get damp)
湿らせる (shimeraseru - to make damp)

الصفات

湿っぽい (shimettai - damp, humid)

مرتبط

濡れる (nureru - to get wet)
濡らす (nurasu - to make wet)
乾く (kawaku - to get dry)
乾燥する (kansō suru - to dry)
水 (mizu - water)

كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

High

أخطاء شائعة
  • Using 湿る when something is thoroughly wet. Using 濡れる when something is thoroughly wet.

    Learners often confuse 湿る (to get damp) with 濡れる (to get wet). If your clothes are soaked from a downpour, they are 濡れた, not just 湿った.

  • Incorrect conjugation of 湿る. Correct conjugation of 湿る (e.g., 湿って, 湿った, 湿っている).

    As an ichidan verb, 湿る conjugates simply. Forgetting to drop the final 'ru' or applying godan conjugations is a common error. Ensure you use forms like 湿って (shimatte) for the te-form.

  • Confusing 湿る (verb) with 湿気 (noun). Using 湿る for the action/state of becoming damp and 湿気 for the condition of humidity.

    湿る is a verb (to get damp), while 湿気 is a noun (humidity). You cannot say 'The air 湿る'; you say 'The air is humid' (空気が湿っている) or 'There is a lot of humidity' (湿気が多い).

  • Overusing 湿る in figurative contexts without understanding the nuance. Using 湿る literally for dampness and reserving figurative use for advanced understanding.

    While 湿る can be used figuratively for sadness, it's best to master its literal meaning first. Incorrect figurative use can sound unnatural or nonsensical.

  • Using 湿る when 潤う would be more appropriate for skin hydration. Using 潤う for moisturized skin.

    While both relate to moisture, 潤う is specifically used for beneficial hydration (like skin) or prosperity, whereas 湿る is more general dampness, often neutral or slightly negative.

نصائح

湿る vs. 濡れる

Always remember the difference in intensity. 湿る is for 'damp' or 'moist,' while 濡れる is for 'wet' or 'soaked.' Use 湿る for sweat or light rain, and 濡れる for heavy rain or immersion.

Weather and Humidity

Japan's climate often involves high humidity. Pay attention to how 湿る and its related terms like 湿っぽい (shimettai) and 湿気 (shikke) are used to describe weather conditions.

Te-form + いる

The construction 湿っている (shimatte iru) is very common for describing something that is currently in a state of being damp. Practice using this form frequently.

Related Nouns and Adjectives

Learn the related noun 湿気 (shikke - humidity) and the adjective 湿っぽい (shimettai - damp/humid). These words are frequently used alongside the verb 湿る.

Describing Sensations

Use 湿る to describe how things feel on your skin or how the air feels. For example, 'The humid air felt damp on my skin' (湿った空気が肌にまとわりつく).

Mnemonic Device

Associate 'shimeru' with 'shimmering' water droplets that make things just slightly moist, not soaked. This helps differentiate it from 'nureru' (wet).

Sentence Building

Create sentences using 湿る in different tenses and forms (e.g., 湿った, 湿っている, 湿りやすい) to solidify your understanding.

Figurative Use

While primarily literal, 湿る can sometimes be used figuratively to describe a feeling of gloom or sadness. Be aware of this advanced usage but focus on the literal meaning first.

Household Items

Think about common household items that get damp, like towels, clothes, or even walls in bathrooms and basements. Practicing sentences about these items will make the word more concrete.

Opposite Meanings

Understanding the antonyms like 乾く (to get dry) will help reinforce the meaning of 湿る by contrasting it with its opposite state.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Imagine a 'shi' (like 'she') wearing a very wet, 'me'-llowing (melancholy) dress that is 'ru'-ined (ruined) by the rain. The dress is damp everywhere.

ربط بصري

Picture a rainy day where clothes left outside are not completely soaked but just damp, clinging unpleasantly. Focus on the feeling of slight, persistent moisture.

Word Web

Damp Moist Humid Wet (less intense) Sweat Rain Humidity Towel Clothes Ground Air Basement Mold Condensation Deterioration Melancholy (figurative)

تحدٍّ

Try to describe five different objects or situations you encounter today that are 'damp' or 'moist' using the word 湿る or its related forms. For instance, 'My teacup is damp from condensation,' or 'The air in the bathroom is still damp.'

أصل الكلمة

The verb 湿る (shimeru) is derived from the onomatopoeic root related to moisture or dampness. The kanji 湿 itself means 'damp' or 'moist.' The verb form is a standard formation for describing a state or action related to this concept.

المعنى الأصلي: To absorb moisture and become damp.

Japonic (Japanese)

السياق الثقافي

When discussing dampness, especially in relation to health or living conditions, it's important to be sensitive. Persistent dampness can lead to mold, which can cause respiratory problems. In Japan, there's an awareness of these issues, particularly in older buildings or during humid seasons.

In English, we have 'damp,' 'moist,' 'humid,' and 'wet.' 'Damp' and 'moist' are closest to 湿る, while 'wet' is closer to 濡れる. 'Humid' is often related to 湿気 (humidity).

The feeling of humidity during Japan's rainy season (tsuyu) is a common theme in literature and everyday conversation. The care of traditional Japanese homes, which can be susceptible to dampness, highlights the importance of managing moisture. The concept of 'wabi-sabi' in Japanese aesthetics can sometimes be associated with the patina of age and exposure to elements, which may include dampness and moss.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Describing weather conditions, especially during rainy seasons or humid periods.

  • 雨で地面が<strong>湿っている</strong>。
  • 今日は<strong>湿っぽい</strong>天気だ。
  • 空気が<strong>湿ってきた</strong>。

Talking about personal comfort and physical sensations.

  • 汗で服が<strong>湿った</strong>。
  • 肌が<strong>湿る</strong>のを感じる。
  • <strong>湿った</strong>空気が肌にまとわりつく。

Describing the state of objects or environments.

  • タオルが<strong>湿っている</strong>。
  • 地下室はいつも<strong>湿る</strong>。
  • 壁が<strong>湿って</strong>いる。

Discussing the effects of moisture on materials or health.

  • <strong>湿った</strong>状態はカビの原因になる。
  • 古い本が<strong>湿って</strong>しまった。
  • <strong>湿った</strong>空気が体に悪い。

Figurative or literary descriptions.

  • 彼の話は<strong>湿っていた</strong>。
  • <strong>湿った</strong>空気のような雰囲気。
  • 悲しみで心が<strong>湿った</strong>。

بدايات محادثة

"今日の天気はどうですか?なんか湿っぽいですね。"

"運動した後、服が湿ってしまいました。シャワーを浴びたいです。"

"この部屋、なんだか湿っている気がするんですが、換気した方がいいですか?"

"梅雨の時期は、洗濯物が湿りやすいので困りますね。"

"雨が降った後、地面から湿った土の匂いがしてきますね。"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

Describe a time when you or something around you got damp. Use the word 湿る. What caused it, and how did it feel?

Imagine you are in Japan during the rainy season. Write a short paragraph about the weather and how things feel damp. Use 湿る and related words.

Think about your favorite season. If it's not the rainy season, how do you feel about dampness? If it is, what do you like or dislike about it? Use 湿る in your description.

Describe a piece of clothing or an object that often gets damp. Why does it get damp, and what do you do about it? Use 湿る.

Write a short story or a poem that uses the word 湿る, either literally or figuratively, to create a certain mood or atmosphere.

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

The key difference lies in the intensity of wetness. 湿る (shimeru) means to become damp or moist, implying a lesser degree of wetness, like clothes after sweating or the ground after a light rain. 濡れる (nureru) means to get wet, suggesting a more thorough saturation, such as being soaked by heavy rain or falling into water. Think of 湿る as 'damp' and 濡れる as 'wet'.

You'll hear 湿る used in many everyday situations. Common contexts include describing weather (especially during humid seasons like Japan's tsuyu), talking about clothes getting damp from sweat after exercise, or noting that surfaces like the ground or towels have become moist. It's also used to describe the general feeling of dampness in the air.

While 湿る is related to moisture, the noun 湿気 (shikke) is the specific word for 'humidity' in the air. 湿る is a verb describing the action or state of becoming damp. You might say that things 湿る *because* of high 湿気, but you wouldn't use 湿る to directly mean 'humidity.'

Yes, though it's less common at a beginner level. Figuratively, 湿る can sometimes imply a feeling of sadness, gloom, or discouragement, as if one's spirit has been 'dampened.' For example, 'His words made my heart feel damp.' However, its primary meaning is literal.

湿る is an ichidan (Group 2) verb, making its conjugation straightforward. The te-form is 湿って (shimatte), the past tense is 湿った (shimatta), and the continuous state is often expressed as 湿っている (shimatte iru).

The adjective form is 湿っぽい (shimettai), which means 'damp' or 'humid.' It's used to describe the quality of something, like 'damp weather' (湿っぽい天気).

While not inherently negative, persistent dampness can lead to negative consequences like mold growth (カビ - kabi) or material deterioration. So, in contexts discussing health or the condition of objects, dampness can be seen as undesirable.

Think of 'shimeru' as 'shimmering' water droplets that just make something slightly moist, not soaked. 'Nureru' is more like 'newly wet' or 'never-ending wetness' from a downpour. Practice using them in sentences: 'My shirt got damp' (シャツが湿った) vs. 'My clothes got wet' (服が濡れた).

The most direct opposite verb is 乾く (kawaku), meaning 'to become dry.' Other related opposites include 乾燥する (kansō suru - to dry out) and 干す (hosu - to dry something, like laundry).

It can be used for food if it becomes moist or soggy due to absorbing moisture from the air or a liquid, but it's not as common as describing environmental dampness. For example, 'These cookies are damp' (このクッキーは湿っている). For food that is too watery, 水っぽい (mizuppoi) is used.

اختبر نفسك 10 أسئلة

/ 10 correct

Perfect score!

هل كان هذا مفيداً؟
لا توجد تعليقات بعد. كن أول من يشارك أفكاره!