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B1 phrase #1,000 الأكثر شيوعاً 9 دقيقة للقراءة

〜つもり

~tsumori الأكثر شيوعاً #1,000

At the A1 level, students learn 〜つもり as a basic way to talk about future plans. It is often introduced alongside the dictionary form of verbs. At this stage, the focus is purely on expressing 'I will do X' or 'I plan to do X.' For example, 'I plan to go to Japan' (日本に行くつもりです). Beginners are taught that this is a step up from the simple 〜ます form, showing that they have actually thought about the action and made a decision. It is used for personal goals like studying, eating, or traveling. The negative form 〜ないつもりです is also introduced to express a plan not to do something. The emphasis is on simple, direct sentences about the speaker's own immediate future. Learners are encouraged to use it to share their hobbies and weekend activities with classmates.

In A2, the usage of 〜つもり expands to include more varied verbs and slightly more complex contexts. Students begin to understand the difference between つもり and 予定 (yotei). They learn that つもり is for personal intentions, while 予定 is for schedules like trains or work meetings. A2 learners also start using つもりだ in casual conversation with friends, dropping the polite です. They might also encounter the stronger negative 〜つもりはない (I have no intention of...), which adds more emotional weight to their speech. At this level, students can describe their career aspirations or long-term travel plans using this structure, moving beyond just the next weekend.

At the B1 level, learners delve into the psychological nuances of 〜つもり. They learn that it can be used with the past tense (〜たつもり) to express 'I thought I had done...' or 'under the impression that...' This is a crucial shift from 'future plan' to 'subjective belief.' For example, 'I thought I sent the letter' (手紙を出したつもりだった). B1 students also learn to use つもり to explain misunderstandings or to describe how they intended their words to be taken (e.g., 'I meant it as a joke'). They are also taught the social rule that つもり should not be used directly for other people's intentions without adding markers of hearsay or conjecture, like 〜らしい or 〜そうだ.

B2 learners explore the idiomatic and literary uses of 〜つもり. They encounter phrases like 死んだつもりで (with desperate resolve, literally 'as if I were dead') or 旅行したつもりで貯金する (save money by acting as if one went on a trip). At this level, つもり becomes a tool for describing hypothetical states and deep-seated convictions. Learners can use it to analyze characters in literature or film, discussing their hidden intentions (本心) versus their stated plans. They also refine their ability to use つもり in professional settings, understanding when it might sound too subjective and when it is appropriate to show personal commitment and drive.

At the C1 level, 〜つもり is used to discuss complex philosophical or psychological concepts. It appears in academic or high-level journalistic contexts to describe the 'spirit' or 'intent' of a law or a social movement. C1 learners can use it to articulate subtle differences in perception—how one 'intends' to be perceived versus how they are actually perceived by society. They master the use of つもり in formal written Japanese, where it might be replaced by more sophisticated terms like 意向 (ikou) or 所存 (shozon) in specific contexts, but remains the primary way to discuss the internal 'will' of an individual. They can also use it to critique arguments, pointing out what an author 'intended' to say even if the execution was flawed.

C2 mastery involves using 〜つもり with total native-like intuition, including its most subtle rhetorical applications. A C2 speaker can use つもり to express irony, sarcasm, or deep emotional resonance. They understand the historical evolution of the word from 'accumulation' to 'intention' and can appreciate its use in classical-style modern literature. At this level, the speaker can navigate the most delicate social situations, using つもり to clarify intentions in a way that preserves 和 (wa - harmony). They can also engage in high-level debates about the nature of 'will' and 'intent' in Japanese culture, using つもり as a key linguistic evidence for the Japanese focus on internal states over external declarations.

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

〜つもり في 30 ثانية

Expresses a firm personal intention or plan made in the speaker's mind, often translated as 'intend to' or 'plan to' in English.
Used with the dictionary form for positive intent and the 'nai' form or 'tsumori wa nai' for negative intent.
Can also mean 'under the impression that' when used with the past tense, describing a subjective belief that may differ from reality.
Should not be used for other people's intentions without hearsay markers, nor for fixed schedules like train times.

The Japanese phrase 〜つもり (tsumori) is a foundational grammatical structure used to express intention, plans, or a state of mind regarding a future action. While often translated simply as 'intend to' or 'plan to,' its nuance is deeply rooted in the speaker's internal psychological state. Unlike other words for planning, tsumori focuses on what the speaker has decided in their own mind, regardless of whether external arrangements have been finalized.

Core Concept: It represents an accumulation of thoughts that have solidified into a decision. The word itself is derived from the verb 積もる (tsumoru), which means 'to pile up' or 'to accumulate.'

People use つもり when they want to convey a personal commitment. It is more certain than 〜と思う (to omou - I think I will) but less formal and structured than 〜予定 (yotei - scheduled plan). For instance, if you are thinking about going to the gym, you might say 行こうと思う. If you have firmly decided in your mind to go, you say 行くつもりだ. If you have a specific appointment with a trainer at 5:00 PM, you would use 行く予定だ.

来年は日本に留学するつもりです。
(I intend to study abroad in Japan next year.)

Nuance of Belief: Beyond just 'plans,' つもり can also mean 'under the impression that' or 'with the belief that.' This is common when the reality differs from the intention, such as 'I thought I locked the door' (鍵をかけた入り).

冗談のつもりだったのに、彼を怒らせてしまった。
(I meant it as a joke, but I ended up making him angry.)

In daily life, this phrase is ubiquitous. It appears in everything from casual chats about weekend plans to serious declarations of life goals. It provides a window into the speaker's willpower and mental preparation. When a student says 合格するつもりだ, they aren't just saying they might pass; they are saying they have the internal resolve to pass. This psychological weight makes つもり a powerful tool for expressing agency and self-identity in Japanese communication.

Social Context: In a business setting, つもり can sound a bit subjective. If a boss asks for a deadline, using つもり might imply 'I'm trying to' rather than 'It will be done.' For professional commitments, 予定 or 〜することになっております is often preferred for clarity.

一生懸命頑張るつもりです。
(I intend to do my very best.)

Ultimately, つもり is about the 'internal map' of the speaker. It describes the path they have set for themselves in their mind. Understanding this helps learners move beyond simple translation and into the realm of Japanese conceptual thinking, where the distinction between internal will and external reality is grammatically significant.

Using 〜つもり correctly requires understanding its grammatical placement and the specific forms of the words that precede it. It functions as a noun, which means it follows verbs in their plain forms or nouns with the particle の.

Positive Intention: To express a plan to do something, use the Dictionary Form of a verb + つもりだ/です.
Example: 食べるつもりです (I intend to eat).

今週末は家でゆっくり休むつもりだ。
(I intend to relax at home this weekend.)

Negative Intention: There are two ways to say you 'don't intend' to do something.
1. Nai-form + つもり (I plan not to do).
2. Dictionary form + つもりはない (I have no intention of doing). The second is much stronger.

The difference between 行かないつもり and 行くつもりはない is significant. The first is a plan of inaction ('My plan is to not go'), while the second is a denial of the intention itself ('I don't have any plan to go'). Use the latter when you want to be firm or defensive.

彼には二度と会わないつもりです。
(I intend not to meet him ever again.)

The 'As If' Usage: When you use Noun + のつもり or Verb-ta + つもり, it often describes a subjective belief that might not match reality.
Example: 旅行したつもりで、お金を貯める (Save money by acting as if I went on a trip).

若いつもりで無理をすると、体を壊しますよ。
(If you overdo it thinking you're still young, you'll ruin your health.)

In terms of politeness, つもりです is the standard polite form. In casual speech, つもりだ or just つもり is used. In very formal situations, you might see つもりでおります, which emphasizes a continuous state of intention. Remember that つもり is a noun, so it can be followed by particles like が, を, or に depending on the sentence structure, though だ/です is the most common ending.

そのつもりじゃなかったんです。
(I didn't mean for that to happen / That wasn't my intention.)

Mastering these forms allows you to express not just what will happen, but how you feel about what will happen. It adds a layer of personal agency to your Japanese that simple future-tense verbs cannot provide.

You will encounter 〜つもり in almost every corner of Japanese life, from the most casual conversations to dramatic anime climaxes and professional self-evaluations. It is the go-to expression for 'personal will.'

Daily Conversation: Friends often use it to discuss their plans. 'What are you doing for the holidays?' might be answered with 「北海道に行くつもりだよ」 (I'm planning to go to Hokkaido). It sounds natural and decisive without being overly stiff.

「明日、何するの？」「映画を観に行くつもり。」
(“What are you doing tomorrow?” “I’m planning to go see a movie.”)

In Anime and Manga, つもり is frequently used by protagonists to state their resolve. A character might shout 「絶対に勝つつもりだ！」 (I absolutely intend to win!). Here, it conveys a sense of unshakable determination. Conversely, a villain might mockingly ask, 「何をするつもりだ？」 (What do you intend to do?), highlighting the conflict between their intentions.

Workplace and Interviews: During job interviews, candidates use つもり to describe how they want to contribute to the company. 「この会社でスキルを磨くつもりです」 (I intend to hone my skills at this company). It shows ambition and a clear career path.

将来は自分の店を持つつもりです。
(I intend to have my own shop in the future.)

In News and Media, when reporting on government or corporate plans that are not yet set in stone, つもり (often in the form 〜意向だ - ikou da in very formal news, but つもり in interviews) is used to describe the current thinking of officials. It signals that while the intention exists, the final action hasn't occurred yet.

Self-Reflection and Regret: You will hear people say 「〜たつもりだった」 when they made a mistake. 'I thought I sent the email' (メールを送ったつもりだった) is a classic phrase for someone realizing they missed a step. It softens the mistake by showing the original good intention.

分かっているつもりでしたが、難しかったです。
(I thought I understood, but it was difficult.)

Whether it's a child saying they intend to finish their homework or a CEO stating their vision for the next decade, つもり is the essential bridge between thought and action in the Japanese language.

While 〜つもり is a versatile phrase, English speakers often fall into several common traps due to direct translation or misunderstanding the 'internal' nature of the word.

Mistake 1: Using it for others: You cannot directly say 「田中さんは行くつもりです」 to mean 'Mr. Tanaka intends to go.' In Japanese culture, you cannot claim to know someone else's mind with such certainty. Instead, use 〜らしい (it seems), 〜と言っている (he says), or 〜ようだ (it looks like).

❌ 田中さんは明日来るつもりです。
✅ 田中さんは明日来るつもりらしいです。
(It seems Mr. Tanaka intends to come tomorrow.)

Another frequent error is confusing it with 'yotei' (予定). If you are talking about a fixed schedule, like a train departure or a doctor's appointment, つもり is inappropriate. Using つもり for a train schedule would imply the train has its own personal will and 'intends' to leave, which sounds very strange!

Mistake 2: Incorrect Negation: Learners often say 「行くつもりじゃありません」. While technically understandable, it's awkward. To say 'I don't intend to go,' use 行かないつもりです (I plan not to go) or 行くつもりはありません (I have no intention of going).

❌ 食べるつもりじゃありません。
✅ 食べるつもりはないです。
(I have no intention of eating.)

The past tense trap is also common. Learners use 〜たつもり to mean 'I intended to do it (but didn't).' While this is one usage, it more accurately means 'I am under the impression that I did it.' If you want to say 'I was planning to go (but couldn't),' it's better to say 行くつもりだった（が、行けなかった）.

Mistake 3: Overusing it for simple future: Don't use つもり for things that are inevitable or out of your control. For example, 'It will rain tomorrow' should not be 「明日、雨が降るつもりです」. Nature doesn't have 'intentions' in this grammatical sense.

❌ 明日は暑いつもりです。
✅ 明日は暑くなるでしょう。
(It will probably be hot tomorrow.)

By avoiding these pitfalls, you'll sound much more like a native speaker who understands the subtle boundary between personal will, social schedule, and objective reality.

To truly master 〜つもり, you must understand how it compares to other ways of expressing plans and intentions in Japanese. Each has a specific 'flavor' and level of certainty.

〜予定 (Yotei): Usage: Fixed schedules, official plans, or things involving others.
Comparison: While つもり is 'in my head,' 予定 is 'on the calendar.' If you say 結婚するつもり, you intend to get married. If you say 結婚する予定, the date is likely set and the venue booked.

会議は３時に始まる予定です。
(The meeting is scheduled to start at 3:00.)

〜（よ）うと思う (U/Yoo to omou): Usage: 'I think I will...' or 'I'm considering...'
Comparison: This is much softer and less certain than つもり. It expresses a budding thought or a tentative plan. Use this when you're still weighing your options.

新しい車を買おうと思っています。
(I'm thinking of buying a new car.)

〜ことにする (Koto ni suru): Usage: 'I have decided to...'
Comparison: This focuses on the moment of decision. つもり describes the ongoing state of having that intention. If you just made a choice, use ことにした.

There is also 〜はず (hazu), which means 'expected to' or 'supposed to.' This is based on logic or external evidence, not the speaker's will. For example, 'The package is supposed to arrive today' uses はず, not つもり.

Summary Table

つもり: Personal intention (Mental state).
予定: Scheduled plan (External fact).
〜（よ）うと思う: Tentative thought (Soft).
ことにする: Made a decision (Action-oriented).

Choosing the right word depends on how certain you are and whether the plan is just in your head or already out in the world. By varying these expressions, you can convey exactly how committed you are to your future actions.

How Formal Is It?

رسمي

"来月、渡米いたすつもりでございます。"

محايد

"明日、買い物に行くつもりです。"

غير رسمي

"今日はもう寝るつもり。"

Child friendly

"大きくなったら、パイロットになるつもり！"

عامية

"マジで勝つつもりだから。"

حقيقة ممتعة

The word 'tsumori' originally referred to the physical act of piling things up. It transitioned to a mental concept because a 'plan' was seen as a pile of thoughts that had reached a certain height or weight in the mind.

دليل النطق

UK /tsuːmɒri/

US /tsuːmɔːri/

Flat pitch accent (Heiban), meaning the pitch starts low and rises, staying high through the end of the word.

يتقافى مع

Kumori (Cloudy) Mamori (Protection) Tomori (Light) Omori (Weight) Hikari (Light) Inari (Fox deity) Tonari (Neighbor) Okuri (Sending)

أخطاء شائعة

Pronouncing 'tsu' as two separate sounds 't-su'.
Over-emphasizing the 'u' sound.
Using a hard English 'r' for 'ri'.
Stress on the first syllable.
Confusing the pitch with 'tsumori' (which doesn't have a common homophone but can be mis-pitched).

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 2/5

The kanji is rarely used (積もり), so it's usually in hiragana, making it easy to read.

الكتابة 3/5

Requires knowledge of verb conjugations (dictionary, nai, ta forms).

التحدث 4/5

Nuance between tsumori and yotei can be tricky for learners to master in real-time.

الاستماع 3/5

Common in speech, but can be confused with other 'tsu' words if not careful.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

行く食べるする予定思う

تعلّم لاحقاً

はずことにすることになるようにするようと思う

متقدم

意向所存覚悟念頭志す

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Verb Plain Form + つもり

食べるつもりだ。

Verb Nai Form + つもり

食べないつもりだ。

Verb Ta Form + つもり

食べたつもりだ。

Noun + の + つもり

冗談のつもりだ。

Adjective + つもり

若いつもりだ。

أمثلة حسب المستوى

明日、映画を観るつもりです。

I intend to watch a movie tomorrow.

Verb (Dictionary form) + つもりです.

日本料理を食べるつもりです。

I plan to eat Japanese food.

Standard polite intention.

今日は勉強しないつもりです。

I intend not to study today.

Verb (Nai form) + つもりです.

新しい靴を買うつもりです。

I plan to buy new shoes.

Expressing a simple purchase plan.

週末、友達に会うつもりです。

I intend to meet my friend this weekend.

Social plan intention.

お酒を飲まないつもりです。

I intend not to drink alcohol.

Negative intention for a habit.

早く寝るつもりです。

I plan to go to bed early.

Personal health/routine plan.

ひらがなを練習するつもりです。

I intend to practice hiragana.

Learning goal intention.

来年、日本へ行くつもりだ。

I plan to go to Japan next year.

Casual form 'da' instead of 'desu'.

たばこをやめるつもりです。

I intend to quit smoking.

Expressing a firm personal decision.

将来、医者になるつもりです。

I intend to become a doctor in the future.

Long-term career goal.

彼には何も言わないつもりだ。

I intend not to say anything to him.

Negative intention regarding communication.

もっと日本語を話すつもりです。

I intend to speak more Japanese.

Goal-oriented intention.

この本を全部読むつもりだ。

I plan to read this whole book.

Specific task intention.

パーティーには行かないつもりです。

I intend not to go to the party.

Polite negative intention.

自分で料理を作るつもりだ。

I plan to cook by myself.

Self-reliance intention.

鍵をかけた入りでしたが、忘れていました。

I thought I had locked the door, but I forgot.

Verb (Ta-form) + つもり: Under the impression that...

冗談のつもりで言っただけです。

I only said it as a joke.

Noun + のつもり: Intended as...

メールを送ったつもりだったのに、届いていない。

I thought I sent the email, but it hasn't arrived.

Past tense usage for a mistaken belief.

そんなことをするつもりはありません。

I have no intention of doing such a thing.

Strong negative: 〜つもりはない.

分かっているつもりでも、実際は難しい。

Even if you think you understand, it's actually hard.

Subjective belief vs reality.

彼は留学するつもりらしいですよ。

I heard that he intends to study abroad.

Using 'rashii' for someone else's intention.

親切のつもりでやったことが、迷惑になった。

What I did out of kindness became a nuisance.

Intention (kindness) vs result (nuisance).

一生懸命書いたつもりですが、自信がありません。

I feel like I wrote it with all my effort, but I'm not confident.

Subjective effort.

死んだつもりで頑張れば、何でもできる。

If you work as if your life depended on it, you can do anything.

Idiomatic: 'as if' (desperate resolve).

若いつもりで無理をすると怪我をしますよ。

If you overdo it thinking you're still young, you'll get hurt.

Adjective + つもり: Subjective state of being.

世界一周旅行をしたつもりで、そのお金を寄付した。

I donated the money, acting as if I had traveled around the world.

Hypothetical action to justify another.

自分ではプロのつもりだが、まだまだ修行が必要だ。

I consider myself a pro, but I still need more training.

Self-perception.

どういうつもりでそんな嘘をついたんだ？

What did you intend by telling such a lie?

Interrogative: Asking for the motive behind an action.

捨てたつもりだった書類が、引き出しから出てきた。

The document I thought I had thrown away came out of the drawer.

Mistaken belief about a past action.

魔法使いになったつもりで遊んでいる子供たち。

Children playing, pretending they have become wizards.

Pretending/Imagining a state.

その場をやり過ごすつもりで、適当な返事をした。

I gave a vague answer, intending just to get through the moment.

Strategic intention.

彼は自分を天才だと思っているつもりだが、周囲はそう見ていない。

He seems to be under the impression that he's a genius, but those around him don't see it that way.

Complex subjective belief vs social reality.

この法律は、弱者を救済するつもりで制定されたはずだ。

This law was surely enacted with the intention of helping the vulnerable.

Abstract intent of an entity or system.

批判するつもりは毛頭ございません。

I have absolutely no intention of criticizing you.

Formal/Humble denial of intent.

作者の意図を汲み取ったつもりで解説を書いた。

I wrote the commentary with the belief that I had grasped the author's intent.

Professional interpretation.

恩返しのつもりで始めた活動が、今では私の生きがいです。

The activity I started as a way to repay a debt of gratitude is now my reason for living.

Intention as a motivating force.

騙すつもりはなかったとはいえ、結果的に嘘をついてしまった。

Even though I didn't intend to deceive, I ended up lying as a result.

Nuanced moral dilemma.

完璧に準備したつもりでも、本番では何が起こるか分からない。

Even if you feel you've prepared perfectly, you never know what will happen during the actual event.

Subjective certainty vs objective unpredictability.

彼女は自分を被害者のつもりでいるが、実際は加害者だ。

She considers herself the victim, but in reality, she is the perpetrator.

Psychological delusion/perception.

その言動がどのような波紋を広げるか、承知の上でのつもりか。

Do you act with the full intention and knowledge of the ripples your words and actions will cause?

Rhetorical question about conscious intent.

伝統を守るつもりで、実はその本質を損なっているのではないか。

In the name of protecting tradition, aren't we actually damaging its essence?

Philosophical critique of collective intent.

彼は一介の労働者のつもりで、実は組織の黒幕だったのだ。

He posed as a mere laborer, but in fact, he was the mastermind of the organization.

Intentional deception/Disguise.

善行のつもりで行ったことが、偽善と受け取られることもある。

What is done with the intention of being a good deed can sometimes be perceived as hypocrisy.

Sociological analysis of intent perception.

自ら筆を折るつもりで、この最後の作品に全てを注ぎ込んだ。

With the intention of giving up writing forever, I poured everything into this final work.

Ultimate resolve/Life-changing intent.

悟りを開いたつもりでいるうちは、まだ真の悟りからは遠い。

As long as you are under the impression that you have reached enlightenment, you are still far from true enlightenment.

Zen-like paradox of subjective belief.

国家を再建するつもりで、彼は独裁の道を歩み始めた。

With the intention of rebuilding the nation, he began to walk the path of dictatorship.

Historical/Political analysis of intent.

言葉を尽くしたつもりだが、私の真意は伝わらなかったようだ。

I feel I have exhausted my words, but it seems my true meaning was not conveyed.

The failure of communicative intent.

تلازمات شائعة

行くつもり

やめるつもり

言うつもり

買ったつもり

そのつもり

留学するつもり

合格するつもり

会わないつもり

分かったつもり

頑張るつもり

العبارات الشائعة

どういうつもり？

そのつもりです。

冗談のつもり

死んだつもりで

旅行したつもりで

分かったつもり

親切のつもり

若いつもり

つもり貯金

〜たつもりになる

يُخلط عادةً مع

〜つもり vs 予定 (yotei)

Yotei is for external schedules; tsumori is for internal intention.

〜つもり vs 〜（よ）うと思う

To omou is a tentative thought; tsumori is a firm decision.

〜つもり vs はず (hazu)

Hazu is an expectation based on logic; tsumori is based on will.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"死んだつもりで"

To do something with extreme effort, as if one has nothing left to lose.

死んだつもりで勉強した。

Casual/Motivations

"どこにそんなつもりがある"

Where is the intention in that? (Rhetorical question questioning sincerity).

彼に謝るつもりなんてどこにあるんだ。

Casual/Aggressive

"つもり違い"

A misunderstanding or a difference in expectations.

それは大きなつもり違いだ。

Neutral

"〜たつもりで"

Acting as if a certain condition were true to achieve a goal.

プロになったつもりで練習に励む。

Inspirational

"つもりになれば"

If one really puts their mind to it.

君がつもりになれば、何でもできるよ。

Encouraging

"どういうつもりだ"

What are you thinking? / What is your aim?

親に向かってどういうつもりだ！

Angry/Parental

"〜たつもりの"

Something that is only a subjective belief, not a reality.

分かったつもりの知識は役に立たない。

Educational

"つもり山"

A 'mountain' of intentions that never result in action (rare/literary).

つもり山を築いても意味がない。

Literary

"つもり遊び"

Make-believe play or role-playing.

子供たちがつもり遊びをしている。

Child-friendly

"つもりでいる"

To be in a continuous state of intending or believing.

彼は自分がリーダーのつもりでいる。

Observational

سهل الخلط

〜つもり vs つもり (Tsumori)

Often confused with 'yotei' for plans.

Tsumori is internal will; Yotei is external schedule.

週末は休むつもりだ (Internal) vs 会議は3時の予定だ (External).

〜つもり vs つもり (Tsumori)

Confused with 'to omou' for future actions.

Tsumori is more certain and decided than to omou.

買おうと思う (Thinking about it) vs 買うつもりだ (Decided to buy).

〜つもり vs つもり (Tsumori)

Confused with 'koto ni suru' for decisions.

Koto ni suru focuses on the moment of choosing; tsumori is the state of intending.

行くことにした (I just decided) vs 行くつもりだ (I have the intention).

〜つもり vs つもり (Tsumori)

Confused with 'hazu' for expectations.

Hazu is 'should be' based on evidence; tsumori is 'intend to' based on desire.

来るはずだ (He should be coming) vs 来るつもりだ (He intends to come).

〜つもり vs つもり (Tsumori)

Confused with 'rashii' when talking about others.

You must use rashii with tsumori for others; you can't use tsumori alone.

行くつもりらしい (He seems to intend to go).

أنماط الجُمل

[Verb Dictionary] つもりです。

日本へ行くつもりです。

[Verb Nai] つもりです。

行かないつもりです。

[Verb Ta] つもりでした。

出したつもりでした。

[Noun] のつもりです。

プレゼントのつもりです。

[Verb Dictionary] つもりはない。

話すつもりはない。

[Adjective] つもりで...

若いつもりで...

[Verb Plain] つもりでおります。

精進するつもりでおります。

〜たつもりで〜する

死んだつもりで頑張る。

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

الأفعال

مرتبط

كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

Extremely high in daily conversation and media.

أخطاء شائعة

田中さんは行くつもりです。 → 田中さんは行くつもりらしいです。
You cannot state someone else's intention directly with 'tsumori.'
行きますつもりです。 → 行くつもりです。
You must use the dictionary form, not the masu-form, before 'tsumori.'
電車は10時に出るつもりです。 → 電車は10時に出る予定です。
Inanimate objects like trains don't have 'intentions.' Use 'yotei' for schedules.
行くつもりじゃありません。 → 行くつもりはありません。
While 'ja arimasen' is grammatically possible, 'wa arimasen' is the standard way to negate the intention.
明日は雨が降るつもりだ。 → 明日は雨が降るだろう。
Natural phenomena don't have intentions. Use 'darou' or 'deshou' for predictions.

نصائح

Verb Form Check

Always use the plain form before 'tsumori.' Never use the 'masu' form like 'ikimasu tsumori'—this is a common beginner mistake.

Internal vs External

If the plan is just in your head, use 'tsumori.' If it's written in a schedule, use 'yotei.' This distinction is key for natural Japanese.

Third Person Rule

Avoid using 'tsumori' for others. If you must, add 'rashii' (seems) or 'to itte iru' (is saying) to show it's not your own thought.

The 'Impression' Usage

Remember that 'ta-form + tsumori' is for things you *thought* you did. It's a great way to explain away small mistakes politely.

Negative Strength

Use 'tsumori wa nai' when you want to firmly reject a suggestion or accusation. It sounds much more decisive than 'nai tsumori.'

Samurai Spirit

Phrases like 'shinda tsumori' show the intensity of Japanese resolve. Use them sparingly for maximum impact.

Casual Ending

In casual speech, you can end a sentence with just 'tsumori' (rising intonation for a question, falling for a statement).

Self-Intro Tip

When writing about your goals, 'tsumori' sounds more determined and personal than 'to omoimasu.'

Catch the 'Ta'

If you hear a 'ta' before 'tsumori,' the person is likely talking about a mistake or a subjective belief, not a future plan.

The Sum of Thoughts

Think: 'Tsumori is the SUM of my thoughts.' It helps you remember both the meaning and the sound.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Think of 'tsumori' as 'Tomorrow-i'—it's what I plan to do tomorrow. Or imagine a 'sum' of all your thoughts piling up until you have a plan.

ربط بصري

Imagine a person with a thought bubble containing a pile of bricks. Each brick is a thought, and together they form a 'tsumori' (a solid plan).

Word Web

Plan Intention Will Belief Thought Accumulation Resolve Decision

تحدٍّ

Try to write three things you 'tsumori' to do this weekend, and one thing you 'tsumori' NOT to do. Then, think of one thing you 'thought' you did (past tense) but actually forgot.

أصل الكلمة

Derived from the classical Japanese verb 'tsumoru' (積もる), which means to accumulate or pile up. In the Edo period, it began to be used to describe the 'accumulation of thoughts' or a 'calculation' in one's mind.

المعنى الأصلي: Accumulation, pile, or estimation/calculation.

Japonic

السياق الثقافي

Be careful not to use 'tsumori' when talking about a superior's plans, as it can sound presumptuous. Use 'yotei' or 'shozon' instead.

English speakers often use 'I'm going to' for both personal plans and scheduled events. Japanese requires a distinction between 'tsumori' and 'yotei.'

The phrase 'Shinda tsumori de' is a common trope in samurai films and shonen manga. The song 'Tsumori Chokin' by various artists highlights the Japanese habit of saving money through 'pretend' spending. In the anime 'Naruto,' characters often use 'tsumori' to state their ninja way or resolve.

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Travel Plans

日本に行くつもりです。
ホテルを予約するつもりだ。
京都を回るつもりです。
一人で旅行するつもりだ。

Career Goals

医者になるつもりです。
会社を辞めるつもりだ。
昇進するつもりです。
海外で働くつもりだ。

Daily Errands

スーパーに行くつもりです。
掃除をするつもりだ。
料理を作るつもりです。
早く帰るつもりだ。

Explaining Mistakes

言ったつもりでした。
送ったつもりだったのに。
閉めたつもりです。
分かっているつもりでした。

Social Refusals

行くつもりはありません。
会わないつもりです。
参加しないつもりだ。
お酒は飲まないつもりです。

بدايات محادثة

"今週末は何をするつもりですか？ (What do you intend to do this weekend?)"

"将来、どんな仕事をするつもりですか？ (What kind of work do you intend to do in the future?)"

"夏休みはどこかへ行くつもりですか？ (Do you plan to go anywhere for summer vacation?)"

"日本語をマスターした後は、どうするつもりですか？ (What do you intend to do after you master Japanese?)"

"宝くじが当たったら、何を買うつもりですか？ (If you won the lottery, what would you intend to buy?)"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

今日、新しく学んだことをどう使うつもりか書いてください。 (Write about how you intend to use what you learned today.)

10年後の自分はどうなっているつもりですか？ (What do you intend to be like 10 years from now?)

最近、何か「やったつもり」で忘れていたことはありますか？ (Is there anything recently you 'thought you did' but forgot?)

今年の目標を達成するために、何をするつもりですか？ (What do you intend to do to achieve this year's goals?)

もし明日が世界最後の日なら、どう過ごすつもりですか？ (If tomorrow were the last day of the world, how would you intend to spend it?)

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

No, it's better to use 'yotei' or 'o-nari ni naru' structures. 'Tsumori' is too personal and can sound like you are guessing their internal thoughts, which is impolite.

'Ikanai tsumori' means 'I plan not to go' (a plan of inaction). 'Iku tsumori wa nai' means 'I have no intention of going' (a denial of the plan itself). The latter is much stronger.

Use 'I-adjective + tsumori' (e.g., wakai tsumori) or 'Na-adjective + na + tsumori' (e.g., kirei na tsumori). It means 'thinking one is [adjective]' or 'under the impression of being [adjective].'

No, grammatically it is a noun. That is why it follows the plain form of verbs and takes 'da' or 'desu' at the end.

No, because the weather doesn't have a 'will' or 'intention.' Use 'deshou' or 'sou da' for weather predictions.

It means 'I thought I understood.' It's often used to admit that one's understanding was superficial or mistaken.

It means 'That is my intention' or 'I'm already planning on that.' It's a common way to agree to a suggestion you were already considering.

Yes, use 'tsumori deshita' or 'tsumori datta.' For example, 'Iku tsumori deshita ga, kaze o hikimashita' (I intended to go, but I caught a cold).

'Tsumori desu' is polite enough for most situations, but in very formal business writing, words like 'ikou' or 'shozon' are preferred.

It's a Japanese saving method where you pretend you bought something (like a coffee) and put that money into savings instead.