Shānghài means to inflict harm, injury, or damage, covering physical, emotional, and material aspects.
الكلمة في 30 ثانية
- To cause harm, injury, or damage.
- Can be physical, emotional, or property-related.
- Commonly used in everyday conversations.
Overview
伤害 (shānghài) 是一个非常基础且常用的中文词汇，属于 A2 级别。它主要用来描述对某人或某物的负面影响，这种影响可以是物理上的，也可以是精神上的，或者是对财产、名誉等造成损失。理解和正确使用“伤害”对于进行日常交流至关重要。
作为动词，“伤害”通常后面会跟宾语，即受到伤害的对象。例如：‘他的话伤害了我’，这里的‘话’是原因，‘我’是受到伤害的对象。也可以用来描述行为对事物的损害，如‘过度砍伐会伤害森林’。
- 1身体伤害：指身体受到创伤，如‘他不小心摔倒，手臂受到了伤害’。2. 精神/情感伤害：指言语或行为引起的情感痛苦，如‘她的背叛深深伤害了他’。3. 名誉/利益伤害：指对某人的声誉或利益造成损害，如‘谣言对公司的声誉造成了伤害’。4. 对物品的损害：指对物品造成损坏，如‘这场火灾对房屋造成了巨大伤害’。
与‘受伤 (shòushāng)’相比，‘受伤’更侧重于身体上的损伤状态，而‘伤害’的范围更广，可以包括精神和名誉等方面。‘损害 (sǔnhài)’通常指对物品、财产、利益或名誉的破坏或损失，语气比‘伤害’更偏向于客观的损失，较少用于直接的情感或身体疼痛。例如：‘他摔伤了腿’（受伤），‘他的话伤害了我’（伤害），‘偷窃行为对公司造成了经济损害’（损害）。
أمثلة
他的话深深伤害了我。
everydayHis words hurt me deeply.
过度开发对当地的生态环境造成了严重的伤害。
formalOver-development has caused severe damage to the local ecological environment.
别说这种话，会伤害到别人的。
informalDon't say things like that; it will hurt others.
该事故对公司的声誉造成了不可挽回的伤害。
academicThe accident caused irreparable damage to the company's reputation.
تلازمات شائعة
العبارات الشائعة
请不要伤害我
Please don't hurt me.
互相伤害
to hurt each other
伤害性不大，侮辱性极强
Not very harmful, but extremely insulting (often used humorously)
يُخلط عادةً مع
'Sǔnhài' typically refers to damage to property, reputation, or interests, often in a more objective sense. 'Shānghài' is broader and can include physical and emotional pain.
'Shòushāng' means 'to be injured' or 'to get hurt,' usually referring to a state of physical injury. 'Shānghài' is the act of causing the injury or harm.
أنماط نحوية
How to Use It
ملاحظات الاستخدام
The word 'shānghài' is versatile and can be used in both spoken and written Chinese. It's important to distinguish between physical and emotional harm when using it. Be mindful of the context to ensure appropriate usage.
أخطاء شائعة
Learners sometimes confuse 'shānghài' (to harm) with 'shòushāng' (to be injured). Remember that 'shānghài' implies an actor causing the harm, while 'shòushāng' describes the state of being harmed. Also, avoid using 'shānghài' for very minor damages where 'sǔnhài' might be more fitting.
Tips
Understand Physical vs. Emotional Harm
Remember that 'shānghài' can refer to both physical injuries and emotional pain caused by words or actions.
Avoid Overusing for Minor Issues
For very minor discomforts or small damages, consider using less intense words like '不舒服' (uncomfortable) or '损坏' (damage).
Respectful Communication is Key
In Chinese culture, avoiding causing emotional harm through words is highly valued. Be mindful of your language.
أصل الكلمة
The character 伤 (shāng) originally depicted a wound or injury. 害 (hài) means harm, evil, or to harm. Together, 伤害 (shānghài) clearly denotes the act of causing injury or harm.
السياق الثقافي
In Chinese culture, maintaining harmony and avoiding conflict is often emphasized. Therefore, causing emotional or physical harm to others is generally frowned upon and considered a serious breach of social etiquette.
نصيحة للحفظ
Think of 'shānghài' as 'shang' (up/on) and 'hai' (bad/harm). When something bad goes 'up' or 'on' you, it causes harm. Imagine a sharp object 'shang' (on) your hand causing 'hai' (harm).
الأسئلة الشائعة
4 أسئلة“伤害”是及物动词，表示主动造成损害，后面通常有宾语。而“受伤”是动词或动词短语，表示承受了伤害的状态，通常指身体上的。例如：‘他的行为伤害了我’，‘我受伤了’。
是的，“伤害”不仅可以指对人的身体或精神造成损害，也可以指对抽象事物，如名誉、感情、经济、环境等造成负面影响或损失。
当仅仅描述客观的损坏或损失，且不涉及人或情感时，可能用“损害”更合适。另外，如果只是轻微的不适，用“不舒服”可能更好。
“伤害”的语气通常是负面的，带有痛苦、损失或不良后果的含义。它强调了负面影响的严重性。
اختبر نفسك
他的话深深______了我。
这里指言语造成的精神痛苦，用‘伤害’最恰当。
下列哪个选项最能表达“对某人的身体造成创伤”？
‘伤害’可以明确指身体上的创伤，而‘损害’多用于物品或名誉，‘影响’和‘破坏’范围更广。
请用“他”、“我的”、“感情”、“伤害”这几个词语构建一个句子。
这是一个主谓宾结构，‘他的行为’是主语，‘伤害了’是谓语，‘我的感情’是宾语，符合语法和逻辑。
النتيجة: /3
Summary
Shānghài means to inflict harm, injury, or damage, covering physical, emotional, and material aspects.
- To cause harm, injury, or damage.
- Can be physical, emotional, or property-related.
- Commonly used in everyday conversations.
Understand Physical vs. Emotional Harm
Remember that 'shānghài' can refer to both physical injuries and emotional pain caused by words or actions.
Avoid Overusing for Minor Issues
For very minor discomforts or small damages, consider using less intense words like '不舒服' (uncomfortable) or '损坏' (damage).
Respectful Communication is Key
In Chinese culture, avoiding causing emotional harm through words is highly valued. Be mindful of your language.
أمثلة
4 من 4他的话深深伤害了我。
His words hurt me deeply.
过度开发对当地的生态环境造成了严重的伤害。
Over-development has caused severe damage to the local ecological environment.
别说这种话，会伤害到别人的。
Don't say things like that; it will hurt others.
该事故对公司的声誉造成了不可挽回的伤害。
The accident caused irreparable damage to the company's reputation.
