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B1 noun, verb #800 الأكثر شيوعاً 10 دقيقة للقراءة

计划

jihua الأكثر شيوعاً #800

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح 计划 في 30 ثانية

الشرح 计划 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that '计划' (jìhuà) means 'plan.' It is a very useful word for talking about what you want to do in the future. You can use it as a verb: 'I plan to...' (我计划...). For example, '我计划去北京' (I plan to go to Beijing). You can also use it as a noun: 'My plan is...' (我的计划是...). At this stage, don't worry too much about the formal tone. Just focus on using it to express your intentions. It is a step up from '想' (xiǎng - want) because it shows you have actually thought about how to do something. You might hear it when people talk about their weekend or their holiday. It's a great word to help you start talking about the future. Keep your sentences simple: Subject + 计划 + Action. Or: Subject + 的 + 计划 + 是 + Action. Practice by saying one thing you plan to do tomorrow. Even if you make mistakes with the tone, people will understand you are talking about your future actions. It is one of the first 'big' words you will learn that makes you sound more organized in Chinese.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the A2 level, you should start to distinguish between '计划' (jìhuà) and '打算' (dǎsuàn). While both mean 'plan,' '打算' is much more common in daily spoken Chinese. Use '计划' when you want to sound a bit more serious or when you are talking about a specific, organized set of steps. For example, '学习计划' (study plan) is a very common phrase for students. You should also learn the common verb-object pairing '制定计划' (zhìdìng jìhuà), which means 'to make/formulate a plan.' You might use this when talking about a group project or a trip with friends. At this level, you can start adding adjectives to describe your plans, like '好计划' (good plan) or '新计划' (new plan). You will also encounter '计划' in simple reading passages about travel or work. Remember that as a verb, '计划' is followed by another verb. You can't just say 'I plan a party'; you must say 'I plan to hold a party.' This is a common mistake for English speakers. Start using '计划' to talk about your goals for learning Chinese or your plans for the next vacation. It shows you are moving beyond basic survival phrases.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the B1 level, you are expected to use '计划' (jìhuà) correctly in both professional and personal contexts. You should understand that '计划' implies a degree of formal organization. In a work setting, you will use it to discuss '工作计划' (work plans) or '项目计划' (project plans). You should be comfortable with phrases like '按计划' (according to plan) and '改变计划' (change the plan). This level also requires you to understand the difference between '计划' and '安排' (ānpái). While '计划' is the strategy or the 'what,' '安排' is the logistics or the 'when/where.' For example, you '计划' a trip to Europe, but you '安排' the flights and hotels. You should also be able to use '计划' as an adverbial phrase: '有计划地' (in a planned way). For example, '有计划地学习' (to study in a planned way). At B1, you will hear this word in news reports, business meetings, and more complex social interactions. You should be able to explain your plans in detail, using '计划' to provide structure to your explanation. It is a key word for expressing agency and professional competence in Mandarin.

At the B2 level, you should have a nuanced understanding of '计划' (jìhuà) and its place within a suite of related terms like '规划' (guīhuà), '方案' (fāng'àn), and '企划' (qǐhuà). You should recognize that '计划' is often used in the context of '计划经济' (planned economy) versus '市场经济' (market economy) in historical or economic discussions. In a business context, you should be able to discuss the '执行计划' (execution of a plan) and identify potential '计划中的风险' (risks in the plan). You should also be familiar with the word's use in social policy, such as '计划生育' (family planning). At this level, you can use '计划' to discuss abstract concepts, such as the '计划性' (planned nature) of a project. Your usage should be precise; you wouldn't use '计划' for a long-term urban development project where '规划' is required. You should also be able to use '计划' in complex grammatical structures, such as '原计划...' (originally planned...) to explain why something changed. This level is about mastering the register and the specific professional collocations that make your Chinese sound sophisticated and accurate.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C1 level, '计划' (jìhuà) is a word you use with complete precision, often in high-level professional or academic discourse. You understand its historical weight in China, particularly in the context of the '五年计划' (Five-Year Plans) and how this has shaped the country's development. You can discuss the merits of '计划' versus '随机应变' (adapting to changes) in management theory. You should be able to use the word in formal writing, such as project proposals or policy critiques, using sophisticated collocations like '周密的计划' (a thorough/meticulous plan) or '宏伟的计划' (a grand plan). You also understand the subtle irony or sarcasm that can be conveyed with the word, such as '你这计划真是“完美”' (Your plan is truly 'perfect'). At this level, you are sensitive to the word's rhythm in a sentence and can use it to create balanced, formal prose. You should also be aware of its usage in literature, where it might describe a character's '谋划' (scheming) or '深谋远虑' (farsighted planning). C1 mastery means the word is no longer just a vocabulary item, but a tool for expressing complex strategic thought.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

At the C2 level, your mastery of '计划' (jìhuà) is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker. You can engage in deep philosophical discussions about the nature of planning in human life, perhaps referencing the saying '谋事在人，成事在天' (Man proposes, God disposes) and how it relates to the concept of '计划'. You can analyze the linguistic evolution of the word and its synonyms in classical versus modern Chinese. In professional settings, you can lead discussions on '战略规划' (strategic planning) where '计划' is just one component of a much larger organizational framework. You are capable of writing complex reports where '计划' is used to delineate specific tactical steps within a broader '愿景' (vision). You understand the word's nuances in legal documents, government white papers, and high-level economic analysis. At this level, you don't just 'use' the word; you understand its socio-political connotations and its role in the collective consciousness of Chinese society. You can use it to express everything from the most mundane schedule to the most ambitious national strategy with perfect tone and register.

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

تدرّب عليها أمثلة ملاحظات ونصائح

计划 في 30 ثانية

A versatile word meaning 'plan' or 'to plan,' essential for both daily life and professional environments in Chinese-speaking cultures.
Functions as a noun and a verb, often implying a higher level of organization and formality than the synonym '打算' (dǎsuàn).
Commonly used in phrases like '制定计划' (formulate a plan) and '按计划' (according to plan) across various sectors.
Crucial for CEFR B1 learners to master for discussing future goals, work tasks, and structured activities effectively.

The Chinese word 计划 (jìhuà) is a fundamental term that functions as both a noun and a verb, making it incredibly versatile in everyday communication. At its core, it represents the act of organizing thoughts, resources, and time to achieve a specific objective. For English speakers, it most directly translates to 'plan' or 'to plan.' However, the nuance of 计划 often carries a slightly more formal or structured weight than the casual English 'plan' used in sentences like 'I plan to take a nap.' In Chinese, while it can be used for personal intentions, it is the standard term for business strategies, government policies, and academic schedules. When you use 计划, you are implying a level of preparation and systematic thinking. It is not just a fleeting thought; it is a blueprint for action. This word is ubiquitous in professional environments, where 'making a plan' (制定计划) is a daily necessity. It also appears frequently in educational contexts, where students discuss their 'study plans' (学习计划). Understanding 计划 is essential for moving beyond basic survival Chinese into the realm of functional, organized conversation.

Grammatical Versatility: As a verb, it precedes the action: '我计划去旅行' (I plan to travel). As a noun, it often follows verbs like '制定' (to formulate) or '执行' (to execute).
Formal Contexts: In government and economics, '五年计划' (Five-Year Plan) is a famous historical and contemporary term used to describe national development strategies.
Interpersonal Use: When asking friends about their future, '你有什么计划？' (What plans do you have?) is a polite and common way to inquire about their upcoming activities or life goals.

我们必须为明年的项目制定一个详细的计划。

Translation: We must formulate a detailed plan for next year's project.

他计划下个月搬到上海工作。

Translation: He plans to move to Shanghai for work next month.

这个计划虽然很大胆，但是很有潜力。

Translation: This plan is bold, but it has great potential.

由于天气原因，我们的旅行计划被迫取消了。

Translation: Due to weather reasons, our travel plans were forced to be cancelled.

老师要求每个学生写一份学期学习计划。

Translation: The teacher required every student to write a semester study plan.

Furthermore, 计划 is a key component of compound words like 计划生育 (family planning), which was a significant part of China's social policy for decades. This demonstrates the word's reach from the most intimate personal decisions to massive national directives. Whether you are discussing your daily schedule or a corporate merger, 计划 provides the structural framework for your sentences. It suggests a move from passive existence to active participation in one's future. In a culture that often values foresight and preparation, mastering this word allows you to express your agency and organization effectively.

Using 计划 (jìhuà) correctly requires an understanding of its dual role as a noun and a verb. When used as a verb, it typically follows the subject and precedes another verb or a verb phrase. This structure is very similar to the English 'to plan to [do something].' For example, '我计划学习' (I plan to study). When used as a noun, it functions as the object of a sentence or as a subject itself. You will often see it modified by adjectives like '详细' (detailed), '周密' (thorough), or '长远' (long-term). Common verbs that take '计划' as an object include '制定' (to formulate), '修改' (to revise), '完成' (to complete), and '放弃' (to abandon). Understanding these collocations is key to sounding natural in Chinese.

Verb Structure: Subject + 计划 + [Action]. Example: '公司计划扩大规模' (The company plans to expand its scale).
Noun Structure: Verb + 计划. Example: '我们要改变计划' (We need to change the plan).
Adjectival Use: [Adjective] + 的 + 计划. Example: '一个完美的计划' (A perfect plan).

你计划什么时候回国？

Translation: When do you plan to return to your country?

这个计划需要大量的资金支持。

Translation: This plan requires a large amount of financial support.

按照计划，我们今天应该完成第一阶段的工作。

Translation: According to the plan, we should complete the first stage of work today.

如果你没有计划，你就是在计划失败。

Translation: If you don't have a plan, you are planning to fail.

我们的计划是先去北京，再去西安。

Translation: Our plan is to go to Beijing first, then to Xi'an.

In more complex sentences, 计划 can be part of a conditional clause. For instance, '如果计划顺利的话...' (If the plan goes smoothly...). It is also frequently used with the preposition '按' or '按照' (according to), as in '按计划进行' (proceed according to plan). This phrase is a staple of professional reporting. Another common pattern is '有计划地' (planned-ly / in a planned manner), which functions as an adverbial phrase to describe how an action is performed, such as '有计划地安排时间' (to arrange time in a planned manner). By mastering these structures, you can express not just what you want to do, but the systematic way in which you intend to do it.

The word 计划 (jìhuà) is an essential part of the linguistic landscape in Chinese-speaking societies. You will encounter it in a vast array of contexts, from the highly formal to the moderately casual. In the workplace, it is perhaps the most common word used during Monday morning meetings or project kick-offs. Managers will ask for '工作计划' (work plans) or '销售计划' (sales plans). In the news, you will hear about '国家发展计划' (national development plans) or '城市规划' (urban planning - though '规划' is more common here, '计划' is often used for the specific steps). If you are a student in China, your life revolves around the '教学计划' (teaching plan/syllabus) and your own '复习计划' (revision plan) before exams.

Workplace & Business: Heard in meetings: '我们的市场计划需要调整' (Our marketing plan needs adjustment).
Travel & Leisure: Heard at travel agencies or among friends: '你的旅游计划定了吗？' (Is your travel plan set?).
Media & News: Heard on TV: '政府发布了新的扶贫计划' (The government released a new poverty alleviation plan).

这个项目的计划书已经发到大家的邮箱里了。

Translation: The project proposal (plan book) has been sent to everyone's email.

你对未来的职业生涯有什么计划吗？

Translation: Do you have any plans for your future career?

我们原计划今天野餐，但天阴了。

Translation: We originally planned to have a picnic today, but it turned cloudy.

这完全超出了我们的计划范围。

Translation: This is completely outside the scope of our plan.

由于资金不足，那个扩建计划搁浅了。

Translation: Due to lack of funds, that expansion plan has stalled.

Socially, 计划 is a safe and polite word. If someone asks you '你周末有什么计划？' (What are your plans for the weekend?), it's a standard conversation starter. It's less intrusive than asking 'What are you doing?' because it focuses on the plan rather than the immediate action. In the digital age, you'll see this word in apps for productivity, task management, and calendars. Phrases like '计划表' (schedule/planning table) or '每日计划' (daily plan) are common UI elements. Whether you're navigating a Chinese office, a university campus, or just chatting with a neighbor, 计划 is a word that bridges the gap between thought and action, making it a cornerstone of functional Mandarin.

While 计划 (jìhuà) is relatively straightforward, English speakers often stumble over its formality and its distinction from similar words. The most frequent mistake is using 计划 in contexts that are too casual. For example, if you are asking a friend if they want to grab a coffee in ten minutes, using 计划 sounds overly formal, almost as if you're proposing a business merger. In such cases, 打算 (dǎsuàn) or simply asking '想不想...' (do you want to...) is much more natural. Another common error is the grammatical placement of the word when used as a verb. Unlike English, where you can 'plan a party' (verb + noun), in Chinese, the verb 计划 must be followed by an action. To 'plan a party,' you would say '计划办一个聚会' (plan to hold a party) or use the noun form: '制定聚会计划'.

Confusing with '打算' (dǎsuàn): Mistake: '我计划今天下午睡觉。' (Too formal). Better: '我打算今天下午睡觉。'
Direct Object Error: Mistake: '我计划一个旅行。' (Verb + Noun). Correct: '我计划去旅行。' (Verb + Verb Phrase).
Confusing with '安排' (ānpái): Mistake: '我计划了会议的时间。' Correct: '我安排了会议的时间。' ('安排' is for scheduling/arranging).

❌ 我计划一个生日派对。

Error: '计划' as a verb needs an action following it.

✅ 我计划举办一个生日派对。

Correct: 'I plan to hold a birthday party.'

❌ 你的计划是什么？(Asking about dinner tonight).

Error: Too formal for a casual dinner question.

❌ 按照我的计划，你应该现在去洗碗。

Error: Sounds like a military command. Use '安排' for chore assignments.

✅ 我们制定了详细的应急计划。

Correct: 'We formulated a detailed emergency plan.'

Finally, be careful with the word 规划 (guīhuà). While often translated as 'plan,' 规划 is used for very long-term, large-scale blueprints, such as 'career planning' (职业规划) or 'city planning' (城市规划). Using 计划 for these can sometimes sound slightly unprofessional or short-sighted. Conversely, using 规划 for your grocery list would be absurdly grandiose. Stick to 计划 for specific, actionable sets of steps in the near to medium term. By paying attention to these nuances, you will avoid the 'uncanny valley' of Chinese where your grammar is correct but your tone is jarring.

In Chinese, the concept of 'planning' is split across several words, each with its own specific register and context. Understanding the differences between 计划 (jìhuà), 打算 (dǎsuàn), 安排 (ānpái), and 规划 (guīhuà) is a hallmark of an intermediate (B1) learner. While they all overlap, they are not interchangeable. 计划 is the most neutral and widely applicable, but it leans towards the formal. 打算 is the go-to word for daily intentions. 安排 focuses on the logistics—who, when, and where. 规划 is for the big picture, the 'grand design.' Choosing the right one shows you understand the social and professional context of your conversation.

计划 vs. 打算: 计划: Formal, structured, often written down. (e.g., business plan).
打算: Informal, spoken, mental intention. (e.g., 'I intend to go home').
计划 vs. 安排: 计划: The 'what' and 'why'—the strategy.
安排: The 'when' and 'how'—the logistics and scheduling.
计划 vs. 规划: 计划: Specific, short-to-medium term.
规划: Comprehensive, long-term, high-level (e.g., urban or career planning).

我打算明天去买书。(Casual intention)

Contrast: Using '计划' here would sound like a mission statement.

经理正在安排下周的会议时间。(Scheduling logistics)

Contrast: '计划' would mean deciding what the meeting is for, not just the time.

政府正在制定城市发展规划。(Long-term blueprint)

Contrast: '计划' would refer to a specific project within that city plan.

我们讨论了几个不同的解决方案。

Translation: We discussed several different solution schemes/proposals.

他在秘密筹划一场惊喜派对。

Translation: He is secretly planning/plotting a surprise party.

When in doubt, 计划 is your safest bet for any situation involving a series of steps to reach a goal. However, as you advance, try to use 打算 for your casual weekend plans and 安排 when you're acting as a coordinator. This precision will make you sound much more like a native speaker. Remember that Chinese often uses these words in pairs; for example, you might '计划' a project and then '安排' the staff to do it. The interplay between these terms describes the full spectrum of human organization.

How Formal Is It?

حقيقة ممتعة

The character '计' (jì) contains the radical for 'speech' (讠), suggesting that a plan is something that is discussed or spoken before it is done. The character '划' (huà) contains the radical for 'knife' (刂), implying the precision needed to 'cut' out a path for the future.

دليل النطق

UK /dʒiː hwɑː/

US /dʒiː hwɑː/

In Mandarin, both syllables carry equal weight, but the falling tones give it a rhythmic emphasis.

يتقافى مع

话 (huà) 画 (huà) 化 (huà) 跨 (kuà) 怕 (pà) 大 (dà) 下 (xià) 架 (jià)

أخطاء شائعة

Pronouncing 'jì' as 'zhì' (common for those confusing 'j' and 'zh').
Using the wrong tone for 'huà', making it sound like 'huā' (flower).
Failing to make the tones sharp enough, resulting in a flat, monotone sound.
Confusing 'jìhuà' with 'jīhuì' (opportunity).
Pronouncing the 'h' in 'huà' too softly.

مستوى الصعوبة

القراءة 3/5

The characters are common but '划' has multiple pronunciations (huá/huà), which can be tricky.

الكتابة 4/5

The character '划' is somewhat complex to write correctly with the knife radical.

التحدث 2/5

Easy to say, but mastering the double 4th tone requires practice.

الاستماع 3/5

Can be confused with '机会' (jīhuì) or '几画' (jǐ huà) by beginners.

ماذا تتعلّم بعد ذلك

المتطلبات الأساسية

想 (xiǎng) 去 (qù) 做 (zuò) 明天 (míngtiān) 打算 (dǎsuàn)

تعلّم لاحقاً

安排 (ānpái) 规划 (guīhuà) 方案 (fāng'àn) 执行 (zhíxíng) 制定 (zhìdìng)

متقدم

战略 (zhànlüè) 部署 (bùshǔ) 统筹 (tǒngchóu) 蓝图 (lántú) 愿景 (yuànjǐng)

قواعد يجب معرفتها

Verb-Verb construction with '计划'

我计划[去北京]。 (I plan to [go to Beijing].)

Noun modification with '的'

详细[的]计划 (Detailed plan).

Prepositional phrase with '按照'

[按照]计划进行 (Proceed [according to] the plan.)

Adverbial formation with '地'

有计划[地]学习 (Study in a planned manner.)

Negation with '不'

我[不]计划参加。 (I [don't] plan to participate.)

سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

我计划明天去商店。

I plan to go to the store tomorrow.

Subject + 计划 + Verb Phrase.

你的计划是什么？

What is your plan?

Simple question using '计划' as a noun.

他计划学习汉语。

He plans to study Chinese.

Verb usage.

我的计划是看电影。

My plan is to watch a movie.

Noun usage with '是'.

我们计划星期六见面。

We plan to meet on Saturday.

Time expression before the verb.

这是一个好计划。

This is a good plan.

Adjective + Noun.

我不计划去那里。

I don't plan to go there.

Negation with '不'.

你计划买什么？

What do you plan to buy?

Question with '什么'.

我正在制定下周的学习计划。

I am formulating next week's study plan.

Using the verb '制定' (to formulate) with '计划'.

我们计划下个月去上海旅游。

We plan to travel to Shanghai next month.

Time phrase '下个月' before '计划'.

这个计划太复杂了。

This plan is too complicated.

Adjective '复杂' describing the noun.

他没有参加我们的旅行计划。

He didn't participate in our travel plan.

Noun '计划' as the object of '参加'.

你有什么新的计划吗？

Do you have any new plans?

Using '什么' and '新的' to modify '计划'.

老师给了我们一个详细的计划。

The teacher gave us a detailed plan.

Adjective '详细' (detailed) + '的'.

我计划每天锻炼一个小时。

I plan to exercise for an hour every day.

Frequency and duration with '计划'.

由于下雨，计划改变了。

Due to rain, the plan changed.

Noun '计划' as the subject.

我们必须按计划完成这项任务。

We must complete this task according to the plan.

Using '按' (according to) with '计划'.

经理要求我写一份工作计划。

The manager asked me to write a work plan.

Noun phrase '工作计划'.

他非常有计划地安排自己的生活。

He arranges his life in a very planned/organized way.

Adverbial phrase '有计划地'.

这个计划的成功取决于大家的努力。

The success of this plan depends on everyone's efforts.

Possessive '计划的' modifying '成功'.

你计划如何解决这个问题？

How do you plan to solve this problem?

Using '如何' (how) with '计划'.

原计划是今天开会，但推迟了。

The original plan was to have a meeting today, but it was postponed.

'原计划' (original plan) as a noun phrase.

我们需要一个长远的计划。

We need a long-term plan.

Adjective '长远' (long-term).

他计划在三十岁之前买房子。

He plans to buy a house before he is thirty.

Time condition with '计划'.

公司计划在未来三年内扩大海外市场。

The company plans to expand overseas markets within the next three years.

Formal business usage.

这项计划的实施需要跨部门的协作。

The implementation of this plan requires cross-departmental collaboration.

Noun '实施' (implementation) of the '计划'.

我们需要对原有的计划进行一些修改。

We need to make some revisions to the original plan.

Using '进行' (to carry out) with '修改' (revision).

由于资金链断裂，扩建计划被迫搁浅。

Due to a break in the capital chain, the expansion plan was forced to stall.

Formal vocabulary like '搁浅' (stall/run aground).

他的职业计划非常明确。

His career plan is very clear.

Noun phrase '职业计划'.

我们应该有计划地减少开支。

We should reduce expenses in a planned manner.

Adverbial usage in a financial context.

这个计划虽然风险很高，但回报也很大。

Although this plan is high risk, the return is also great.

Conjunction '虽然...但...'.

政府正在讨论新的城市发展计划。

The government is discussing a new urban development plan.

Political/Administrative context.

这项周密的计划确保了项目的圆满成功。

This meticulous plan ensured the complete success of the project.

Adjective '周密' (meticulous/thorough).

我们需要重新审视我们的长期发展计划。

We need to re-examine our long-term development plan.

Formal verb '审视' (examine/scrutinize).

计划的变动引起了员工们的不安。

Changes in the plan caused unease among the employees.

Noun '变动' (change/fluctuation).

他总是能未雨绸缪，提前制定好计划。

He is always able to provide for a rainy day and make plans in advance.

Using the idiom '未雨绸缪'.

该计划的合法性遭到了质疑。

The legality of the plan was questioned.

Formal noun '合法性' (legality).

我们不能盲目行动，必须要有计划性。

We cannot act blindly; we must have a sense of planning.

Abstract noun '计划性'.

这个计划在理论上是可行的，但实践中很难。

This plan is feasible in theory, but difficult in practice.

Contrast between '理论' and '实践'.

他计划利用这次机会提升公司的品牌形象。

He plans to use this opportunity to enhance the company's brand image.

Complex verb phrase after '计划'.

该项宏伟计划的蓝图已经初步绘就。

The blueprint for this grand plan has been initially drawn up.

Literary/Formal vocabulary like '宏伟' and '绘就'.

计划的缜密程度直接关系到任务的成败。

The degree of meticulousness of the plan is directly related to the success or failure of the task.

Abstract noun '缜密程度' (degree of meticulousness).

在瞬息万变的市场中，僵化的计划往往是致命的。

In a rapidly changing market, a rigid plan is often fatal.

Using '僵化' (rigid/fossilized) to describe '计划'.

他深谋远虑，所制定的计划总是无懈可击。

He is farsighted, and the plans he formulates are always flawless.

Idioms '深谋远虑' and '无懈可击'.

这一计划的出台标志着政策导向的重大转变。

The introduction of this plan marks a major shift in policy orientation.

Formal term '出台' (to be issued/introduced).

我们必须在计划的灵活性与原则性之间寻找平衡。

We must find a balance between the flexibility and the principled nature of the plan.

Abstract nouns '灵活性' and '原则性'.

该计划的流产对公司造成了不可估量的损失。

The failure (miscarriage) of the plan caused immeasurable losses to the company.

Metaphorical use of '流产' (failure/miscarriage).

他试图通过这个计划来博取上层的关注。

He tried to gain the attention of the higher-ups through this plan.

Subtle social nuance with '博取' (to try to gain).

المرادفات

方案打算策划规划安排预案

الأضداد

偶然盲目

تلازمات شائعة

制定计划

执行计划

改变计划

详细的计划

按计划

学习计划

工作计划

五年计划

原计划

周密的计划

العبارات الشائعة

计划表

— A schedule or a planning table. Used for organizing tasks over time.

请把你的计划表发给我。

计划书

— A written plan or proposal document. Common in business and academia.

他正在准备创业计划书。

计划性

— The quality of being planned or organized. Used to describe a person's habits.

他做事很有计划性。

有计划地

— In a planned manner; systematically. Functions as an adverb.

我们应该有计划地复习功课。

计划外

— Unplanned or outside of the original plan. Often used for expenses.

这是一笔计划外的开支。

计划生育

— Family planning. A specific term for birth control policies.

计划生育政策已经发生了变化。

应急计划

— Emergency plan or contingency plan. Used for crisis management.

公司制定了完善的应急计划。

年度计划

— Annual plan. Used for yearly goals in business or personal life.

这是我们部门的年度计划。

初步计划

— Preliminary plan. An initial draft of a plan.

这只是我们的初步计划。

长远计划

— Long-term plan. Focuses on the distant future.

我们需要为未来做一个长远计划。

يُخلط عادةً مع

计划 vs 机会 (jīhuì)

Means 'opportunity.' Sounds similar but has different tones and meanings.

计划 vs 几画 (jǐ huà)

Means 'how many strokes' (in a character). Sounds similar to '计划' (jìhuà).

计划 vs 打算 (dǎsuàn)

Means 'to intend/plan.' More casual than '计划'.

تعبيرات اصطلاحية

"计划赶不上变化"

— Plans can't keep up with changes. Used when unexpected events disrupt a plan.

本来想去旅游，结果生病了，真是计划赶不上变化。

Common / Colloquial

"深谋远虑"

— To think deeply and plan far ahead. Describes a farsighted person.

他是一个深谋远虑的领导者。

Formal / Commendatory

"未雨绸缪"

— To repair the house before it rains; to plan ahead. Similar to 'providing for a rainy day.'

我们应该未雨绸缪，提前做好准备。

Formal / Literary

"胸有成竹"

— To have a well-thought-out plan in one's mind. Implies confidence.

对于这次考试，他早已胸有成竹。

Literary

"步步为营"

— To advance gradually and entrench oneself at every step. A very cautious plan.

在竞争激烈的市场中，我们必须步步为营。

Formal

"缓兵之计"

— A strategy to stall for time. A plan to delay the enemy or a situation.

这只是他的缓兵之计，他并没有真心想解决问题。

Neutral

"锦囊妙计"

— A brilliant plan or a clever trick (kept in a silk bag). From 'Romance of the Three Kingdoms.'

别担心，我有锦囊妙计。

Literary / Humorous

"权宜之计"

— A plan of convenience; a makeshift measure for a temporary situation.

这只是权宜之计，不是长久之策。

Formal

"万全之策"

— A completely safe plan; a foolproof strategy.

世界上没有万全之策，任何计划都有风险。

Formal

"三十六计，走为上计"

— Of the thirty-six stratagems, running away is the best one. Used when a situation is hopeless.

打不过他们，三十六计，走为上计！

Colloquial

سهل الخلط

计划 vs 安排 (ānpái)

Both involve preparation.

'计划' is the strategy/content; '安排' is the logistics/scheduling. You plan a project, then arrange the meetings.

我计划写书，我安排了写作时间。

计划 vs 规划 (guīhuà)

Both mean 'plan.'

'规划' is long-term and large-scale (e.g., career or city). '计划' is more specific and short-to-medium term.

城市规划需要几十年，而这个工程计划只需要两年。

计划 vs 方案 (fāng'àn)

Both refer to a set of actions.

'方案' is a specific proposal or scheme, often one of several options. '计划' is the broader intent.

我们讨论了三个不同的解决方案。

计划 vs 打算 (dǎsuàn)

Both mean 'to plan.'

'打算' is for casual, mental intentions. '计划' is for formal, structured, or written plans.

我打算去吃饭。 vs. 公司计划明年上市。

计划 vs 筹划 (chóuhuà)

Both mean 'to plan.'

'筹划' implies careful, often secret or behind-the-scenes preparation for a large event.

他们正在筹划一场大型晚会。

أنماط الجُمل

我计划 + [Verb]

我计划去北京。

我的计划是 + [Verb Phrase]

我的计划是学习汉语。

按照计划，[Sentence]

按照计划，我们明天出发。

有计划地 + [Verb]

我们要有计划地工作。

制定/修改/执行 + 计划

我们需要修改这个计划。

原计划...，但是...

原计划今天开会，但是经理病了。

对...进行计划

我们需要对未来进行计划。

计划的[Noun]程度

计划的缜密程度非常重要。

عائلة الكلمة

الأسماء

计划 (Plan)

计划书 (Plan document)

计划表 (Schedule)

计划性 (Planned nature)

الأفعال

计划 (To plan)

筹划 (To plot/prepare)

策划 (To mastermind)

الصفات

有计划的 (Planned)

计划外的 (Unplanned)

مرتبط

打算 (Intend)

安排 (Arrange)

规划 (Grand plan)

方案 (Scheme)

策略 (Strategy)

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كيفية الاستخدام

frequency

Extremely high in both spoken and written Mandarin.

أخطاء شائعة

Using '计划' as a verb with a noun object (e.g., 我计划一个旅行). → 我计划去旅行。
In Chinese, the verb '计划' must be followed by a verb phrase, not a direct noun object.
Using '计划' for very casual intentions (e.g., 我计划喝水). → 我想喝水 / 我打算喝水。
'计划' implies organization. Using it for simple biological needs or very minor actions sounds strange.
Confusing '计划' with '安排' for scheduling. → 我安排了会议的时间。
'计划' is for the strategy; '安排' is for the logistical scheduling of time and people.
Pronouncing '计划' as 'jīhuì'. → jìhuà
'jīhuì' means opportunity. This is a common phonological error for beginners.
Using '计划' for long-term urban or career blueprints. → 职业规划 / 城市规划。
'规划' is the correct term for high-level, long-term strategic blueprints.

نصائح

Verb Usage

Always follow the verb '计划' with an action (verb phrase), never just a noun. This is a key difference from English.

Formality

Choose '计划' for work and '打算' for friends. This small change makes your Chinese sound much more authentic.

Measure Words

Use '份' (fèn) when referring to a physical plan on paper. It sounds more professional than '个'.

Tone Practice

Practice the double 4th tone (jìhuà). Both syllables should drop sharply. Think of it as being very decisive.

Social Context

Asking '你有什么计划？' is a polite, non-intrusive way to start a conversation about someone's future or weekend.

Flexibility

Remember the phrase '计划赶不上变化'. It's a great way to sound like a native when things go wrong.

Business Chinese

Master '制定计划' (make a plan) and '执行计划' (execute a plan). These are essential for any office environment.

Using '有计划地'

Use this phrase to describe how you do things. '有计划地学习' shows you are a serious and organized student.

Context Clues

If you hear 'jìhuà' in a news report, it's likely referring to a government policy or a large economic strategy.

Plan vs. Arrange

Don't use '计划' for scheduling times. Use '安排' (ānpái) for setting dates and times for meetings.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Think of 'jì' as 'calculating' and 'huà' as 'drawing.' To plan is to calculate your steps and draw out your path. Both have the 4th (falling) tone, like a hammer hitting a nail—firm and decided.

ربط بصري

Imagine a person standing at a crossroads, holding a calculator (计) and a large map or drawing (划) of where they want to go.

Word Web

制定 (Formulate) 执行 (Execute) 详细 (Detailed) 未来 (Future) 目标 (Goal) 工作 (Work) 学习 (Study) 旅行 (Travel)

تحدٍّ

Try to write down three '计划' for your next week in Chinese. Use the structure '我计划...' for each one. Then, ask a friend '你下周末有什么计划？'

أصل الكلمة

The word is composed of two characters: '计' (jì) and '划' (huà). '计' originally meant to count or calculate, often using bamboo slips. '划' originally meant to cut or divide, later evolving to mean to delineate or design.

المعنى الأصلي: To calculate and delineate; to figure out the steps and mark them down.

Sino-Tibetan (Mandarin Chinese).

السياق الثقافي

When discussing '计划生育' (family planning), be aware that this is a sensitive historical and social topic in China, though the term itself is standard medical/policy vocabulary.

In English, 'plan' is used very broadly. In Chinese, '计划' is slightly more formal. English speakers often use 'plan' where a Chinese speaker would prefer '打算' (casual) or '安排' (logistical).

The Five-Year Plans of China (五年计划). The 36 Stratagems (三十六计) - though '计' here is 'stratagem,' it's the root of '计划'. Sun Tzu's 'The Art of War' (孙子兵法), which emphasizes the importance of '计' (planning/stratagem).

تدرّب في الحياة الواقعية

سياقات واقعية

Workplace

工作计划 (Work plan)
项目计划 (Project plan)
按计划进行 (Proceed as planned)
制定进度计划 (Formulate a schedule)

Education

学习计划 (Study plan)
复习计划 (Revision plan)
教学计划 (Teaching plan/Syllabus)
有计划地复习 (Review systematically)

Travel

旅行计划 (Travel plan)
改变计划 (Change plans)
旅游计划书 (Travel itinerary/proposal)
原定计划 (Original plan)

Personal Life

周末计划 (Weekend plans)
未来计划 (Future plans)
职业计划 (Career plans)
没有什么计划 (Have no plans)

Government/Economics

五年计划 (Five-Year Plan)
发展计划 (Development plan)
计划经济 (Planned economy)
计划生育 (Family planning)

بدايات محادثة

"你周末有什么计划？ (What are your plans for the weekend?)"

"你对未来的职业生涯有什么计划？ (What plans do you have for your future career?)"

"我们来计划一下下次的旅行吧。 (Let's plan our next trip.)"

"你觉得这个计划可行吗？ (Do you think this plan is feasible?)"

"你的学习计划进行得怎么样了？ (How is your study plan going?)"

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

写下你明年的三个主要计划。 (Write down your three main plans for next year.)

描述一次你不得不改变计划的经历。 (Describe an experience where you had to change your plans.)

你认为有计划的生活更好，还是随性的生活更好？为什么？ (Do you think a planned life is better, or a spontaneous one? Why?)

制定一个学习汉语的详细计划。 (Formulate a detailed plan for learning Chinese.)

如果你的旅行计划被取消了，你会怎么做？ (What would you do if your travel plans were cancelled?)

الأسئلة الشائعة

10 أسئلة

Yes, but it sounds a bit formal. '打算' is much more natural for casual daily activities. Use '计划' if you want to emphasize that it's a firm or organized plan.

The most common measure word is '个' (gè). For a written document or formal proposal, use '份' (fèn), as in '一份计划书'.

Yes, it is very flexible. '我计划...' (verb) and '我的计划...' (noun) are both perfectly correct and common.

Use '按计划' (àn jìhuà) or '按照计划' (ànzhào jìhuà). For example: '一切按计划进行' (Everything is proceeding according to plan).

'规划' is for the 'big picture' and long-term (like city planning), while '计划' is for specific actions and shorter timeframes.

No, this is a common mistake. As a verb, '计划' must be followed by another verb. Say '计划举办一个派对' (plan to hold a party).

It refers to the quality of being organized or having a plan. '他做事很有计划性' means 'He does things in a very organized/planned way.'

Yes, very much so. The 'Five-Year Plans' (五年计划) are a major part of Chinese governance and economics.

Use '改变计划' (gǎibiàn jìhuà). For example: '我们需要改变计划' (We need to change the plan).

It means 'original plan.' It's often used when explaining why something changed: '原计划是去北京，但后来没去。'

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