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A1 verb محايد #1,800 الأكثر شيوعاً 3 دقيقة للقراءة

分开

fenkai /fən kʰaɪ/
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Overview

The word '分开' (fēnkāi) is a versatile verb in Chinese that conveys the action of separation or division. Its core meaning revolves around moving things or people apart from each other. Understanding its various nuances and contexts is key to using it accurately.

**Literal Separation:**

At its most basic, '分开' refers to physically moving objects or individuals so they are no longer together. For example, if you have a pile of clothes, you might say '把衣服分开' (bǎ yīfu fēnkāi) to mean 'separate the clothes.' Similarly, in a crowded room, you might ask people to '分开一点儿' (fēnkāi yīdiǎnr) to ask them to 'move apart a little.'

**Interpersonal Relationships:**

One of the most common and significant uses of '分开' is in the context of interpersonal relationships. It can describe the act of partners or friends ending their relationship, akin to 'breaking up' or 'parting ways' in English. For instance, '他们去年分开了' (tāmen qùnián fēnkāi le) means 'They broke up last year.' It can also refer to a temporary separation, such as two friends going their separate ways after an event: '吃完饭我们就分开了' (chī wán fàn wǒmen jiù fēnkāi le), meaning 'After eating, we parted ways.'

**Division or Distribution:**

'分开' can also imply the act of dividing something into parts or distributing items among different people or groups. If you have a cake, you might '把蛋糕分开' (bǎ dàngāo fēnkāi) to 'divide the cake' into slices. In a work context, tasks might be '分开' among team members. For example, '把工作分开给每个人' (bǎ gōngzuò fēnkāi gěi měi gè rén) means 'divide the work among everyone.'

**Abstract Separation:**

Beyond the physical, '分开' can describe the conceptual separation of ideas, categories, or responsibilities. For example, you might '把个人感情和工作分开' (bǎ gèrén gǎnqíng hé gōngzuò fēnkāi) to 'separate personal feelings from work.' This implies maintaining distinct boundaries between different aspects.

* **分开处理 (fēnkāi chǔlǐ):** to handle separately

  • 把…分开 (bǎ…fēnkāi): to separate/divide… (used with a direct object)
  • 分不开 (fēnbukāi): inseparable; unable to separate (often used metaphorically for close relationships or intertwined concepts)

**Grammar Notes:**

'分开' is a separable verb, meaning its two characters can sometimes be split by other elements, though this is less common with '分开' itself and more with similar verbs. However, it frequently appears with the '把' (bǎ) construction when indicating the direct object being separated, as seen in '把衣服分开'. The resultative complement '开' (kāi) implies a successful separation, meaning the action has been completed and things are now apart.

أمثلة

1

我们在这里分开吧。

friends parting ways

Let's part here.

2

他们决定分开了。

a couple breaking up

They decided to separate.

3

请把这些文件分开。

organizing papers

Please separate these documents.

4

孩子和父母分开了很长时间。

family separation

The child was separated from their parents for a long time.

5

他们把行李分开了。

travelers sorting belongings

They separated their luggage.

تلازمات شائعة

分开 走
把 东西 分开
我们 分开 吧
分开 讨论

يُخلط عادةً مع

分开 مقابل 分离 (fēn lí)
'分开' focuses on the act of separating or parting, often implying a distance or break between two previously joined things or people. '分离' emphasizes the state of being separated or detached, and can be more formal or scientific.
分开 مقابل 区别 (qū bié)
'分开' is about physical or conceptual separation. '区别' is about differentiating or distinguishing between things based on their characteristics, often without physical separation.
分开 مقابل 离别 (lí bié)
'分开' can be used for things or people. '离别' specifically refers to the act of parting ways with people, often with a sense of sadness or farewell.
分开 مقابل 拆开 (chāi kāi)
'分开' is a general term for separation. '拆开' specifically means to take something apart that was previously joined or enclosed, like opening a package or disassembling a machine.

أنماط نحوية

Subject + 把 + Object + 分开 (fēn kāi) Subject + 和 + Object + 分开 (fēn kāi) Subject + 被 + 分开 (fēn kāi)

كيفية الاستخدام

ملاحظات الاستخدام

'分开' (fēnkāi) is a versatile verb in Chinese that can be used transitively or intransitively, and it can also function as a resultative complement. When used as a verb, it means 'to separate,' 'to part,' or 'to divide.' For example, '他们分开了' (Tāmen fēnkāi le) means 'They broke up' or 'They parted ways.' '请把这些书分开' (Qǐng bǎ zhèxiē shū fēnkāi) means 'Please separate these books.' As a resultative complement, it indicates the result of an action is separation. For instance, '把纸撕开' (Bǎ zhǐ sī kāi) means 'to tear the paper apart.' The '开' (kāi) in '分开' functions similarly to 'apart' or 'open,' emphasizing the state of being divided. It's crucial to consider the context to understand the nuance, particularly whether it refers to physical separation (e.g., separating items) or emotional/relational separation (e.g., breaking up with someone). The object of separation can be people, objects, or even abstract concepts like ideas or groups. Avoid using '分开' for situations where a simple 'leave' or 'go away' would be more appropriate, as it specifically implies a division from an initial state of togetherness.

أخطاء شائعة

One common mistake is using '离开' (líkāi) interchangeably with '分开' (fēnkāi). While both relate to parting, '离开' usually refers to leaving a place or a person, implying movement away. '分开' more often refers to the act of separating things or people that were together, or to describe a state of being separated (e.g., a couple breaking up). For example, you would say '我离开了家' (wǒ líkāi le jiā - I left home), but '他们分开了' (tāmen fēnkāi le - They broke up/separated).

نصائح

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Usage Tips

'分开' (fēnkāi) is a versatile verb meaning 'to separate' or 'to part'. It can be used in various contexts, from physical separation to emotional parting. It often implies a deliberate act of dividing or moving apart.
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Common Mistakes

A common mistake is to confuse '分开' with '离别' (líbié). While both relate to parting, '离别' specifically refers to a more emotional, often prolonged, separation, typically between people. '分开' is broader and can apply to objects, ideas, or temporary separations.
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Example Sentences

1. 他们决定分开，各自去不同的城市发展。(Tāmen juédìng fēnkāi, gèzì qù bùtóng de chéngshì fāzhǎn.) - They decided to separate and each go to different cities to develop. 2. 请把这些文件分开整理。(Qǐng bǎ zhèxiē wénjiàn fēnkāi zhěnglǐ.) - Please separate and organize these documents. 3. 我们虽然分开了，但友谊依然存在。(Wǒmen suīrán fēnkāi le, dàn yǒuyì yīrán cúnzài.) - Although we have parted, our friendship still remains.

أصل الكلمة

The character '分' (fēn) is an ideogrammic compound (會意). It depicts a knife (刀) dividing something into two parts (八, which is an ancient form of '分' itself, representing separation or division). This graphically illustrates the meaning of 'to divide' or 'to separate'. The original form of the character might have also depicted a hand (又) holding a knife to divide. Over time, the character evolved to its current form, retaining the core meaning of division and separation. Its etymology is rooted in the practical action of physically splitting something, which then extended to more abstract meanings like 'to differentiate' or 'to distribute'.

السياق الثقافي

The word '分开' (fēnkāi) in Chinese carries significant cultural weight, especially in the context of relationships and social harmony. In traditional Chinese culture, separation, particularly within families or close relationships, is often viewed with regret or as a last resort due to the emphasis on collective well-being and filial piety. While it literally means 'to separate' or 'to part,' its usage often implies a more profound emotional or social consequence than a mere physical division. For instance, '分开' can describe the separation of a couple, leading to divorce, or the breaking apart of a group, which might be seen as disrupting harmony. It's less common to use '分开' for mundane physical separations, like separating laundry by color, where more direct terms might be preferred. The concept of 'togetherness' (团圆 tuányuán) is highly valued, making '分开' a word that can evoke feelings of sadness or loss when applied to human connections.

نصيحة للحفظ

The character '分' (fēn) means 'to divide' or 'to separate,' and '开' (kāi) means 'to open' or 'to start.' So, '分开' literally means 'divide open' or 'separate open,' which conveys the idea of separating or parting.

الأسئلة الشائعة

4 أسئلة
'分开' is pronounced as 'fēn kāi'. The first character '分' (fēn) means 'to divide' or 'to separate', and the second character '开' (kāi) means 'to open' or 'to start'. When combined, they form the meaning of separating or parting ways. It's a common verb in Mandarin Chinese.
'分开' can be used in various contexts. For example, you might say "他们决定分开了" (Tāmen juédìng fēnkāile), which means "They decided to separate." Another example could be "请把这些文件分开" (Qǐng bǎ zhèxiē wénjiàn fēnkāi), meaning "Please separate these documents." It indicates a division or an act of moving apart.
Yes, there are a few similar phrases. For instance, '分离' (fēnlí) also means 'to separate' or 'to part', often with a slightly more formal or scientific connotation. '离别' (líbié) specifically refers to 'to part' or 'to bid farewell', emphasizing the emotional aspect of leaving. '分散' (fēnsàn) means 'to scatter' or 'to disperse'. While similar, each carries a slightly different nuance in usage.
'分开' is frequently used when discussing relationships, such as a couple breaking up or friends going their separate ways. It's also used for physically separating objects, like dividing food or sorting items. You might also hear it in instructions, like "请把队伍分开" (Qǐng bǎ duìwǔ fēnkāi), meaning "Please separate the teams." It's a versatile term that covers a wide range of separation scenarios.

اختبر نفسك

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他们因为一些误会而_______了。

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
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请把这些文件_______整理好。

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:
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火车进站了，人群也渐渐_______。

صحيح! ليس تمامًا. الإجابة الصحيحة:

النتيجة: /3

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