丢掉 في 30 ثانية
- 丢掉 (diūdiào) means to throw away or discard, primarily used for physical items like trash or old clothes that are no longer needed.
- It is a resultative verb where 'diào' emphasizes that the object is gone. It is most commonly used with the 'bǎ' (把) sentence structure.
- Beyond physical objects, it is frequently used metaphorically for letting go of abstract things like bad habits, illusions, fears, or outdated ideas.
- It differs from '丢' (diū) in that '丢掉' is usually intentional, whereas '丢' can mean to accidentally lose something like your keys.
The Chinese verb 丢掉 (diūdiào) is a fundamental resultative compound that every learner must master early in their journey. At its core, it describes the intentional act of discarding or throwing away physical objects that are no longer needed, wanted, or useful. However, its utility extends far beyond just cleaning out a closet. In the Chinese language, diū means to cast aside or lose, while diào serves as a resultative complement indicating that the action has been completed and the object is now gone or removed. Together, they form a powerful verb that encompasses the physical act of disposal and the metaphorical act of letting go. Whether you are talking about getting rid of old clothes, discarding expired food, or even abandoning bad habits and outdated ideas, 丢掉 is the go-to expression.
- Physical Discarding
- This is the most common usage. It refers to the act of putting something in the trash or removing it from your possession because it is useless. For example, '丢掉垃圾' (throw away the trash).
- Metaphorical Abandonment
- In more advanced contexts, it refers to letting go of abstract concepts like 'fears' (丢掉恐惧), 'illusions' (丢掉幻想), or 'bad habits' (丢掉坏习惯).
请把这些旧报纸丢掉。 (Please throw away these old newspapers.)
When you use 丢掉, you are emphasizing the result of the action—the fact that the item is no longer there. This is different from just '丢' (diū), which can sometimes mean to accidentally lose something. By adding '掉' (diào), the intention becomes clear: you wanted it gone, and now it is gone. This word is ubiquitous in daily life, from household chores to professional decluttering. In a cultural sense, it is often associated with the concept of 'decluttering' (断舍离), which has become popular in modern Chinese urban life as people seek to simplify their living spaces.
你不应该丢掉信心。 (You should not throw away your confidence.)
- Environmental Context
- In recent years, with the implementation of strict trash sorting in cities like Shanghai and Beijing, the term is often heard in the context of '垃圾分类' (trash sorting).
Understanding the nuance of 丢掉 also involves recognizing its weight. While '扔' (rēng) is a simple 'throw', 丢掉 carries a sense of finality. It is not just about the physical motion of throwing; it is about the status of the object being permanently removed from one's life. This makes it a very versatile verb for both concrete and abstract discussions about change and purification.
Mastering the sentence structures involving 丢掉 (diūdiào) is crucial for achieving fluency at the A1 and A2 levels. Because this verb describes an action that changes the state or location of an object, it is most frequently paired with the bǎ (把) construction. The bǎ construction allows you to focus on the object being acted upon, which is the natural way to speak when you are giving instructions or describing chores.
把垃圾丢掉。 (Throw the trash away.)
- Structure 1: Subject + 把 + Object + 丢掉
- This is the standard format. Example: 我把旧衣服丢掉了。 (I threw away the old clothes.)
- Structure 2: Subject + 丢掉 + Object
- Used for general statements or when the object is abstract. Example: 别丢掉机会。 (Don't throw away the opportunity.)
Another important aspect of using 丢掉 is the addition of the particle '了' (le). When the action has already occurred, '了' must be placed at the end of the verb or the sentence to indicate completion. Without '了', the sentence might sound like a command or a general habit rather than a specific past action. For instance, '我丢掉垃圾' sounds incomplete, whereas '我丢掉了垃圾' or '我把垃圾丢掉了' sounds like a finished task.
他把那本破书丢掉了。 (He threw that torn book away.)
In negative sentences, we use '别' (bié - don't) or '不要' (bùyào - don't want to/shouldn't). For example, '别把这个丢掉' (Don't throw this away). If you want to say you didn't throw it away in the past, use '没有' (méiyǒu). Example: '我没有丢掉你的信' (I didn't throw away your letter). Understanding these variations allows you to communicate effectively in a variety of household and social scenarios.
You will encounter 丢掉 (diūdiào) in a wide array of real-life situations in Chinese-speaking environments. The most common place is within the home. Parents often say it to children when cleaning up toys or clearing the dinner table. If you are living in a shared apartment in China, your roommates might ask you if they can '丢掉' something in the fridge that looks like it has gone bad. It is a word of utility and domestic order.
那个坏了，丢掉吧。 (That's broken, just throw it away.)
- In the Kitchen
- When food is expired (过期), you will hear: '过期的牛奶要丢掉' (Expired milk needs to be thrown away).
- In the Office
- Colleagues might discuss discarding old files or broken equipment: '这些旧文件可以丢掉吗？' (Can these old files be thrown away?)
Beyond physical cleaning, you will hear 丢掉 in motivational contexts. Chinese self-help books, podcasts, and social media influencers often use the term when talking about personal growth. They might encourage followers to '丢掉不自信' (discard self-doubt) or '丢掉面子' (throw away 'face'—meaning to stop being overly concerned with one's reputation to achieve something practical). This metaphorical usage is very common in modern urban discourse.
我们要丢掉陈旧的观念。 (We need to discard outdated concepts.)
Lastly, you might hear it in songs or see it in movie subtitles during emotional scenes. A character might tell another to '丢掉过去' (throw away the past) to move on from a breakup or a tragedy. This demonstrates the word's ability to transition from a mundane household chore to a profound emotional reset.
One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make with 丢掉 (diūdiào) is confusing it with the simple verb '丢' (diū). While they are related, '丢' often implies an accidental loss (like losing your keys), whereas 丢掉 almost always implies an intentional act of discarding. If you say '我丢了钥匙' (wǒ diūle yàoshi), it means you lost your keys by accident. If you say '我把钥匙丢掉了' (wǒ bǎ yàoshi diūdiàole), it sounds like you purposefully threw your keys into the trash, which would be a very strange thing to do!
Wrong: 我丢掉了我的钱包。 (Implies you threw your wallet in the trash.)
Right: 我丢了我的钱包。 (I lost my wallet.)
- Mistake 1: Intentional vs. Accidental
- As mentioned, use '丢' for losing things accidentally and '丢掉' for throwing things away on purpose.
- Mistake 2: Forgetting the Resultative Complement
- Learners often say '丢垃圾' (diū lājī). While understandable, '丢掉垃圾' or '扔垃圾' is much more natural.
Another common error is the placement of the object. Since 丢掉 is a verb-complement structure, it is 'separable' in some contexts, but usually, the '掉' stays attached to the '丢'. Learners sometimes try to put the object between '丢' and '掉', which is incorrect for this specific word. You cannot say '丢垃圾掉'. You must say '丢掉垃圾' or use the '把' structure: '把垃圾丢掉'.
Don't say: 丢那个旧衣服掉。
Say: 把那个旧衣服丢掉。
Finally, be careful with the register. While 丢掉 is perfectly fine for daily life, in very formal writing (like legal documents or high-level academic papers), you might see '抛弃' (pāoqì) or '废弃' (fèiqì) instead. Using '丢掉' in a formal report about industrial waste might sound slightly too informal, though it remains grammatically correct.
Chinese has several words that translate to 'throw away' or 'discard,' and choosing the right one depends on the context and the level of formality. The most direct synonym for 丢掉 (diūdiào) is 扔掉 (rēngdiào). In many cases, they are interchangeable. However, '扔' (rēng) specifically emphasizes the physical motion of throwing something with your hand, while '丢' (diū) is a bit more general about the act of discarding.
- 扔掉 (rēngdiào)
- Very common in spoken Chinese. Use this when you want to emphasize the physical act of throwing. '把皮球扔掉' (Throw the ball away).
- 抛弃 (pāoqì)
- More formal and emotional. Often used for 'abandoning' someone or 'discarding' a deeply held belief. '抛弃家庭' (Abandon a family).
- 舍弃 (shěqì)
- Formal. It implies giving something up, often with a sense of sacrifice or reluctance. '舍弃个人利益' (Sacrifice personal interests).
Comparison: 你可以丢掉垃圾，但不应该抛弃朋友。 (You can throw away trash, but you shouldn't abandon friends.)
Another word to consider is fèiqì (废弃), which means to discard something because it is obsolete or no longer functional, often used for buildings, machines, or laws. For example, '废弃的工厂' (an abandoned factory). If you are talking about 'losing' something like weight or a habit, you might also hear jiǎndiào (减掉 - to reduce/cut off) or jièdiào (戒掉 - to quit a habit like smoking).
In summary, 丢掉 is the most versatile and 'neutral' choice for beginners. It works for 90% of daily situations. As you progress to higher levels of Chinese, you can start incorporating the more specific and formal alternatives like pāoqì or shěqì to add nuance and emotional weight to your speech and writing.
دليل النطق
- Pronouncing 'diu' as 'do'.
- Pronouncing 'diao' as 'die-o'.
- Missing the tone change from high flat (1st) to falling (4th).
- Confusing the 'd' sound with a 't' sound.
- Mumbling the 'iao' triphthong.
أمثلة حسب المستوى
请把垃圾丢掉。
Please throw away the trash.
Uses the '把' (bǎ) construction to indicate the object.
这件衣服太旧了，丢掉吧。
This clothing is too old, let's throw it away.
The particle '吧' (ba) suggests a suggestion.
我不小心丢掉了我的笔。
I accidentally threw away my pen.
Even though it says 'accidentally', '丢掉' still implies it went into the trash.
别丢掉这个盒子。
Don't throw away this box.
'别' (bié) is used for negative commands.
他丢掉了一双鞋。
He threw away a pair of shoes.
'了' (le) indicates the action is completed.
要把这些纸丢掉吗？
Should I throw these papers away?
A question using '吗' (ma).
妈妈把坏了的玩具丢掉了。
Mom threw away the broken toy.
'坏了的' (huàile de) describes the state of the toy.
你可以丢掉过期的面包。
You can throw away the expired bread.
'可以' (kěyǐ) indicates permission or possibility.
我们需要丢掉不用的东西。
We need to throw away things we don't use.
'不用的' acts as an adjective for '东西'.
他丢掉了抽烟的坏习惯。
He threw away (quit) the bad habit of smoking.
Metaphorical use of '丢掉' for habits.
我没有把你的信丢掉。
I didn't throw away your letter.
'没有' (méiyǒu) negates the past action.
这些旧书你打算丢掉吗？
Do you plan to throw away these old books?
'打算' (dǎsuàn) means 'to plan'.
请把垃圾分类后再丢掉。
Please sort the trash before throwing it away.
'...后' (hòu) means 'after'.
如果不喜欢，就把它丢掉吧。
If you don't like it, just throw it away.
Conditional '如果...就...' structure.
他在搬家时丢掉了很多家具。
He threw away a lot of furniture when moving house.
'...时' (shí) means 'during' or 'when'.
别把重要的文件丢掉了。
Don't throw away important documents.
Emphasizes the resultative nature with '了'.
你应该丢掉那些不切实际的幻想。
You should discard those unrealistic illusions.
Abstract usage: '丢掉幻想'.
为了成功，他丢掉了所有的顾虑。
For the sake of success, he threw away all his misgivings.
Metaphorical use: '丢掉顾虑'.
我们不能丢掉勤俭节约的传统。
We cannot discard the tradition of thrift and economy.
Refers to cultural or traditional values.
他终于丢掉了沉重的心里负担。
He finally threw off a heavy psychological burden.
Resultative complement '掉' emphasizes the relief.
如果你想进步，就得丢掉面子。
If you want to improve, you have to throw away 'face'.
Refers to the cultural concept of 'face' (mianzi).
这些旧观念早该丢掉了。
These old ideas should have been discarded long ago.
'早该...了' means 'should have... long ago'.
他丢掉了赢球的机会。
He threw away the chance to win the game.
Refers to missing an opportunity.
在这个竞争激烈的社会，不能丢掉自信。
In this competitive society, one cannot lose (throw away) self-confidence.
Generic 'one' implied as the subject.
企业必须丢掉落后的生产方式。
Enterprises must discard backward production methods.
Formal business/industrial context.
我们要丢掉这种优越感，虚心学习。
We need to discard this sense of superiority and learn with an open mind.
Refers to psychological attitudes.
他为了追求真理，丢掉了一切名利。
In pursuit of truth, he threw away all fame and fortune.
'一切' (yīqiè) means 'all/everything'.
政府决定丢掉那些多余的行政手续。
The government decided to discard those redundant administrative procedures.
Political/administrative context.
在科学研究中，我们必须丢掉偏见。
In scientific research, we must discard bias.
'偏见' (piānjiàn) means 'prejudice/bias'.
他丢掉了那段痛苦的回忆，开始了新生活。
He discarded that painful memory and started a new life.
Emotional/metaphorical discard.
由于疏忽，他丢掉了最重要的客户。
Due to negligence, he lost (threw away) his most important client.
'由于' (yóuyú) indicates a cause.
不要轻易丢掉你的原则。
Do not easily discard your principles.
'轻易' (qīngyì) means 'easily/lightly'.
丢掉那些繁文缛节，直接进入主题吧。
Discard those red tapes and formalities, and let's get straight to the point.
'繁文缛节' is a four-character idiom for formalities.
他试图丢掉历史的包袱，轻装上阵。
He tried to discard the baggage of history and move forward unburdened.
'轻装上阵' is an idiom meaning to take on a task without burdens.
唯有丢掉成见，才能实现真正的沟通。
Only by discarding preconceived notions can true communication be achieved.
'唯有...才...' is a formal conditional structure.
在这个时代，丢掉创新就等于丢掉未来。
In this era, discarding innovation is equivalent to discarding the future.
'等于' (děngyú) means 'is equivalent to'.
他毅然丢掉了稳定的工作，去西藏支教。
He resolutely threw away his stable job to go and teach in Tibet.
'毅然' (yìrán) means 'resolutely'.
作者在书中呼吁人们丢掉对物质的过度追求。
In the book, the author calls on people to discard the excessive pursuit of material things.
Reporting what someone '呼吁' (calls for).
我们不能丢掉作为人的基本尊严。
We cannot discard our basic dignity as human beings.
'尊严' (zūnyán) means 'dignity'.
他丢掉了所有的伪装，露出了真面目。
He discarded all disguises and revealed his true colors.
'伪装' (wěizhuāng) means 'disguise/pretense'.
丢掉那些陈词滥调，我们需要更有创意的见解。
Discard those clichés; we need more creative insights.
'陈词滥调' is an idiom for clichés.
在宏观经济调控中，必须丢掉局部的利益观。
In macroeconomic regulation, one must discard a localized view of interests.
High-level economic context.
他彻底丢掉了对那个体系的任何幻想。
He completely discarded any illusions he had about that system.
'彻底' (chèdǐ) means 'completely/thoroughly'.
这种做法无异于丢掉西瓜捡芝麻。
This practice is equivalent to throwing away a watermelon to pick up a sesame seed (focusing on small gains at the expense of large ones).
Uses a famous Chinese proverb/idiom.
为了达成共识，双方都丢掉了一些非原则性的坚持。
To reach a consensus, both sides discarded some non-principled insistences.
Diplomatic/negotiation context.
他在艺术创作中丢掉了所有的技巧，追求大巧若拙。
In his artistic creation, he discarded all techniques, pursuing the beauty of 'great art appearing simple'.
'大巧若拙' is a philosophical idiom from Laozi.
丢掉那些无谓的争执，让我们携手共进。
Discard those meaningless disputes, and let us move forward hand in hand.
'无谓' (wúwèi) means 'pointless/meaningless'.
我们要丢掉这种僵化的思维模式。
We need to discard this rigid mode of thinking.
'僵化' (jiānghuà) means 'rigid/ossified'.
تلازمات شائعة
العبارات الشائعة
— To throw everything away without exception.
把这些没用的东西统统丢掉。
— To lose one's life (often through a mistake or accident).
在那场意外中，他差点丢掉性命。
— To lose one's true nature or original qualities.
成名后，他并没有丢掉劳动人民的本色。
— To abandon one's position or stance in an argument or politics.
他在压力下丢掉了一贯的立场。
— To lose or sacrifice one's dignity.
他为了金钱丢掉了尊严。
— To let down one's guard or lose vigilance.
面对敌人，我们不能丢掉警惕。
— To lose face or stop caring about one's reputation.
有时候，丢掉面子才能解决问题。
— To discard or abandon traditions.
现代社会不应该完全丢掉传统。
— A famous political slogan: 'Cast away illusions, prepare for struggle.'
面对现实，我们必须丢掉幻想，准备斗争。
— To lose one's soul or integrity.
没有原则的人就像丢掉了灵魂。
تعبيرات اصطلاحية
— To lose a watermelon while picking up a sesame seed; to focus on small gains while losing big ones.
你这样做真是丢掉西瓜捡芝麻。
Colloquial— To be scatterbrained or forgetful (related to '丢' as losing things).
他总是丢三落四的，真让人担心。
Common— To throw away one's helmet and armor; to flee in a panic after a defeat.
敌军被打得丢盔弃甲，狼狈逃窜。
Literary— To lose face and make a fool of oneself in public.
别在外面丢人现眼了，快回家去。
Colloquial— To throw away like a worn-out shoe; to discard something as worthless.
他把名利看作弃若敝屣。
Literary— To like the new and hate the old; often leading to '丢掉' the old.
他这个人喜新厌旧，旧衣服穿几次就丢掉了。
Common— The modern concept of decluttering (refuse, dispose, separate).
通过断舍离，我丢掉了生活中的很多累赘。
Modern/Trendy— To break the pots and sink the boats; to cut off all means of retreat (a form of '丢掉').
他破釜沉舟，丢掉了所有的退路。
Literary— To discard the dross and keep the essence.
读书要学会去粗取精，丢掉没用的部分。
Formal— To discard the old and bring forth the new.
艺术需要推陈出新，不断丢掉过时的风格。
Formalعائلة الكلمة
الأسماء
Summary
The word 丢掉 (diūdiào) is your primary verb for 'discarding' or 'getting rid of' anything from trash to mental burdens. Remember to use it with '把' for the most natural flow, as in '把垃圾丢掉' (Throw away the trash).
- 丢掉 (diūdiào) means to throw away or discard, primarily used for physical items like trash or old clothes that are no longer needed.
- It is a resultative verb where 'diào' emphasizes that the object is gone. It is most commonly used with the 'bǎ' (把) sentence structure.
- Beyond physical objects, it is frequently used metaphorically for letting go of abstract things like bad habits, illusions, fears, or outdated ideas.
- It differs from '丢' (diū) in that '丢掉' is usually intentional, whereas '丢' can mean to accidentally lose something like your keys.
محتوى ذو صلة
مزيد من كلمات clothing
配饰
B1الإكسسوارات هي اللمسة النهائية لأي ملابس.
显得
B1يبدو، يظهر. 'يبدو متعباً اليوم.' (他今天显得很累。)
围裙
B1'围裙' تعني مئزر، يُلبس لحماية الملابس أثناء الطبخ.
皮带
A1حزام جلدي يلبس حول الخصر.
腰带
A1Belt.
靴子
A2'靴子' تعني الأحذية الطويلة (البوت)، وهي أحذية تغطي القدم وجزءاً من الساق.
胸罩
A1حمالة صدر. هذا هو المصطلح القياسي في اللغة الصينية لهذا اللباس.
品牌
A1علامة تجارية; ماركة.
牌子
A1كلمة '牌子' تعني 'علامة تجارية' أو 'لوحة'. هي المصطلح الشائع المستخدم لوصف اسم المنتج.
弄坏
A1To damage; to ruin.
