营业额 في 30 ثانية
- 营业额 means business turnover or gross sales volume.
- It represents total income before expenses are deducted.
- Commonly used in both casual and formal business contexts.
- Key verbs used with it include reach, increase, and decrease.
The term 营业额 (yíngyè'é) is a fundamental concept in the world of commerce and business within the Chinese-speaking world. At its core, it represents the total amount of money received by a business from its sales of goods or services over a specific period, such as a day, a month, or a fiscal year. It is important to distinguish this from 'profit' (利润), as the turnover does not account for expenses, taxes, or overhead costs. When you walk into a bustling night market in Taipei or a high-end boutique in Shanghai, the owners are constantly monitoring this figure to gauge the immediate health and activity level of their enterprise.
- Etymological Breakdown
- 营 (yíng): To manage, operate, or run a business. It implies the active process of conducting trade.
业 (yè): Business, trade, profession, or industry. It provides the context of the activity.
额 (é): A specific amount, sum, or quota. In this context, it refers to the numerical value of the transactions. - Daily Application
- In common parlance, you will hear this word used by everyone from street vendors to CEOs. A street vendor might complain that the rain has lowered their 营业额 for the day, while a corporate executive might boast about a record-breaking quarterly 营业额 in an annual report. It is a neutral, factual term used to describe the volume of business activity.
这家新开的咖啡店第一个月的营业额就超过了十万元。
(The turnover of this newly opened coffee shop exceeded 100,000 yuan in its first month.)
The term is also used in official government documents and tax reporting. For instance, small businesses in China may be taxed based on their total turnover rather than their net income under certain simplified tax regimes. Therefore, understanding this word is crucial for anyone looking to navigate the Chinese economic landscape, whether as a student, a traveler, or a business professional. It captures the pulse of economic life, reflecting the flow of currency through the veins of the marketplace.
受疫情影响，许多餐厅的营业额大幅下降。
(Due to the pandemic, the turnover of many restaurants has dropped significantly.)
- Contextual Usage
- When comparing different businesses, you might say '这家的营业额比那家高' (This one's turnover is higher than that one's). In financial news, you might read '年度营业额增长了百分之二十' (Annual turnover grew by twenty percent). It is a versatile noun that fits perfectly into any discussion regarding money coming in through trade.
Using 营业额 correctly requires understanding its grammatical role as a noun and the verbs it typically pairs with. In Chinese, nouns like this often act as the subject or the object of a sentence, frequently modified by time expressions or adjectives that describe scale and change. Because it is a quantitative measurement, it is almost always followed by or preceded by numbers and currency units.
我们公司去年的总营业额达到了五百万美元。
(Our company's total turnover last year reached five million US dollars.)
One of the most common sentence structures involves the verb 达到 (dádào), meaning 'to reach' or 'to achieve.' This is used to state a specific figure. Conversely, if you want to describe a change in the amount, you would use verbs like 增长 (zēngzhǎng) for increase or 下降 (xiàjiàng) for decrease. These are the building blocks of financial reporting in Chinese.
- Common Verb Pairings
- 提高 (tígāo): To raise the turnover. Example: '通过促销活动，我们提高了营业额。' (Through promotional activities, we raised the turnover.)
统计 (tǒngjì): To calculate or count the turnover. Example: '会计正在统计上个月的营业额。' (The accountant is calculating last month's turnover.)
突破 (tūpò): To break through or exceed a certain level. Example: '今天的营业额突破了历史记录。' (Today's turnover broke the historical record.)
Adjectives also play a key role. You can describe turnover as 高 (high), 低 (low), 稳定 (stable), or 可观 (considerable/impressive). For example, '这家商店的营业额非常稳定' (This store's turnover is very stable) suggests a healthy, reliable business. If you are a student of Chinese, practicing these combinations will help you sound more professional and precise when discussing economics.
如果营业额继续下降，我们可能需要关闭一些门店。
(If the turnover continues to drop, we may need to close some stores.)
Furthermore, in more formal or academic settings, 营业额 is often part of a compound noun. Examples include 年度营业额 (annual turnover), 日营业额 (daily turnover), and 平均营业额 (average turnover). These phrases allow for precise temporal analysis of business performance. Whether you are analyzing a small family-run noodle shop or a multinational tech giant, these structures remain the same.
In China, 营业额 is a word that permeates various layers of society. You don't need to be an economist to encounter it; it appears in daily conversations, media broadcasts, and even casual social media posts. Understanding where and how it is heard can provide a deeper insight into the Chinese entrepreneurial spirit and the importance of trade in the culture.
- In the Media
- Turn on CCTV-2 (the financial channel) or open a news app like Toutiao, and you will see 营业额 everywhere. It is the primary metric used to report on the success of shopping festivals like 'Double 11' (Singles' Day). News anchors will excitedly report, '今年双十一的营业额刷新了纪录!' (This year's Singles' Day turnover refreshed the record!). It serves as a barometer for national consumer confidence.
- In the Workplace
- In any office environment, particularly in sales, marketing, or accounting departments, this word is a daily staple. During weekly meetings, managers will review the 营业额 to decide on future strategies. '我们需要在下个季度把营业额提升百分之十' (We need to increase the turnover by ten percent in the next quarter) is a common directive given to employees.
老板在会议上宣布，上个月的营业额非常理想。
(The boss announced at the meeting that last month's turnover was very ideal.)
Socially, you might hear this word when people discuss their 'side hustles' (副业). With the rise of the gig economy and platforms like WeChat Stores (微店) and Douyin (TikTok) e-commerce, many young people in China run small businesses. They often share their 营业额 screenshots on their 'Moments' (朋友圈) to celebrate milestones or attract potential partners and investors.
Finally, you will hear it in the context of government policy. When the Chinese government discusses tax cuts for small and medium enterprises (SMEs), they often define these businesses based on their annual 营业额. For example, '年营业额低于一百万元的小微企业可以享受免税政策' (Small and micro enterprises with an annual turnover of less than one million yuan can enjoy tax-free policies). This makes the word essential for understanding legal and economic news that affects millions of people.
While 营业额 seems straightforward, learners often make several common errors, primarily due to confusion with related financial terms or incorrect grammatical usage. Because Chinese has several words for 'income' and 'money earned,' it is easy to pick the wrong one for the specific context of business volume.
- Confusing Turnover with Profit
- The most frequent mistake is using 营业额 when you actually mean 利润 (lìrùn - profit). A high turnover does not always mean a business is successful if the costs are even higher. If you say '我赚了很多营业额' (I earned a lot of turnover), it sounds unnatural. You achieve turnover, but you earn profit. Correct: '我们的营业额很高，但利润却很低' (Our turnover is high, but our profit is very low).
- Confusing with Personal Income
- Another mistake is using 营业额 to describe a salary or personal wage. For personal income, use 收入 (shōurù). You would never say '我的营业额是五千块' (My turnover is 5000 yuan) unless you are a freelancer running yourself as a business. For an employee, it is always 工资 or 收入.
❌ Incorrect: 这个月的营业额是我的工资。
✅ Correct: 这个月的营业额很高，所以我拿到了很多奖金。
(This month's turnover was high, so I received a lot of bonuses.)
Grammatically, learners sometimes use the wrong verbs. As mentioned, you don't 'buy' or 'sell' turnover. You 'complete' (完成), 'achieve' (达到), or 'calculate' (计算) it. Using '做' (to do) as in '做营业额' is occasionally heard in very informal slang, but it is generally better to use '创造' (to create) or '实现' (to realize) in a professional context.
Lastly, pay attention to the difference between 营业额 and 成交额 (chéngjiāo'é). While similar, 成交额 is more often used in the context of stock markets or large-scale auctions to describe the total value of completed deals, whereas 营业额 is the standard term for retail and general service businesses.
To speak Chinese fluently in a business context, it is vital to know the synonyms and related terms for 营业额. While 营业额 is the most common all-purpose term, other words might be more appropriate depending on the specific industry or the nuance you want to convey.
- 销售额 (Xiāoshòu'é) - Sales Volume
- This is the most frequent synonym. It specifically emphasizes the 'selling' aspect. While a hair salon might use 营业额 (as they provide a service), a phone manufacturer is more likely to use 销售额 because they are selling physical units. In many cases, however, they are used interchangeably.
- 营收 (Yíngshōu) - Revenue / Operating Income
- This is a more formal, abbreviated form of 营业收入 (yíngyè shōurù). You will see this in financial news headlines and stock market reports. It sounds more professional and 'corporate' than 营业额. If you are reading a company's quarterly report, look for 营收.
该公司的季度营收超出了分析师的预期。
(The company's quarterly revenue exceeded analysts' expectations.)
For even more specific contexts, you might use 流水 (liúshuǐ). This is a very common informal term, literally meaning 'flowing water.' It refers to the daily cash flow or the total volume of transactions processed through a payment system like Alipay or WeChat Pay. Small shop owners often ask each other, '你今天的流水怎么样?' (How is your 'water flow'/turnover today?).
Finally, we have 产值 (chǎnzhí), which means 'output value.' This is used in manufacturing and industrial contexts to describe the total value of goods produced, even if they haven't been sold yet. Understanding these distinctions will allow you to navigate different sectors of the Chinese economy with precision and confidence.
دليل النطق
- Pronouncing 'yè' as 'yī'.
- Confusing the second tone of 'yíng' with the first tone.
- Forgetting the 'g' in 'yíng'.
- Pronouncing 'é' as 'ē' (flat tone).
- Slurring 'yè' and 'é' together.
أمثلة حسب المستوى
商店的营业额很大。
The shop's turnover is very large.
Subject (商店的营业额) + Adjective (很大).
今天的营业额是多少？
What is today's turnover?
Asking for a quantity using '是多少'.
我喜欢看营业额。
I like looking at the turnover (figures).
Simple Subject + Verb + Object structure.
营业额不太多。
The turnover is not too much.
Negation using '不'.
这里的营业额很高。
The turnover here is very high.
Using '这里' as a location subject.
他问我营业额。
He asked me about the turnover.
Simple transitive verb '问'.
营业额是一百块。
The turnover is one hundred yuan.
Stating a fact with '是'.
小店的营业额增加了。
The small shop's turnover increased.
Noun + Verb (增加了).
由于天气好，今天的营业额增加了不少。
Because the weather was good, today's turnover increased quite a bit.
Using '由于...增加' to show cause and effect.
我们饭店上个月的营业额是五万元。
Our restaurant's turnover last month was 50,000 yuan.
Specifying time (上个月) and amount.
老板每天都检查营业额。
The boss checks the turnover every day.
Using '每天都' to indicate frequency.
如果营业额太低，我们就没钱交房租。
If the turnover is too low, we won't have money to pay the rent.
A conditional '如果...就' sentence.
这家超市的营业额一直很稳定。
This supermarket's turnover has always been very stable.
Using '一直' to show a continuous state.
我们可以通过打折来提高营业额。
We can increase the turnover by offering discounts.
Using '通过...来' to show the method.
去年的营业额比今年高。
Last year's turnover was higher than this year's.
A comparison sentence using '比'.
请把这个月的营业额发给我。
Please send me this month's turnover.
A '把' construction for giving an order.
即使在淡季，他们的营业额也没有下降。
Even in the off-season, their turnover did not drop.
Using '即使...也' for concession.
为了提高营业额，公司决定投放更多广告。
To increase turnover, the company decided to place more advertisements.
Using '为了' to indicate purpose.
根据财务报告，今年的营业额达到了历史新高。
According to the financial report, this year's turnover reached a historical high.
Using '根据' to cite a source.
虽然营业额很高，但除去成本后利润并不多。
Although the turnover is high, the profit is not much after deducting costs.
Using '虽然...但' to show contrast.
营业额的增长主要归功于新产品的推出。
The growth in turnover is mainly due to the launch of new products.
Using '归功于' to attribute cause.
我们需要分析营业额下降的具体原因。
We need to analyze the specific reasons for the decline in turnover.
Using '分析' as a formal verb.
这家网店每分钟的营业额都令人惊讶。
The turnover per minute of this online store is surprising.
Using '令人' to describe an effect.
营业额是衡量一家公司规模的重要指标。
Turnover is an important indicator for measuring the scale of a company.
Defining a concept using '是...的指标'.
该企业的年度营业额已突破十亿人民币大关。
The enterprise's annual turnover has broken the one billion RMB mark.
Using '突破...大关' for significant milestones.
营业额的波动反映了市场需求的变化。
Fluctuations in turnover reflect changes in market demand.
Using '反映' to show a relationship.
公司管理层正致力于通过多元化经营来稳固营业额。
The company management is committed to stabilizing turnover through diversified operations.
Using '致力于' to show commitment.
如果不能有效控制开支，光有高营业额是没有意义的。
If expenses cannot be effectively controlled, having a high turnover alone is meaningless.
Using '光有...是没有意义的' for emphasis.
该地区的零售营业额在节假日期间通常会大幅度攀升。
Retail turnover in this region usually climbs significantly during holidays.
Using '攀升' as a sophisticated synonym for increase.
投资者通常会关注营业额的同比增长率。
Investors usually focus on the year-on-year growth rate of turnover.
Using '同比增长率' as a technical term.
尽管面临竞争压力，该品牌依然保持了可观的营业额。
Despite facing competitive pressure, the brand still maintained a considerable turnover.
Using '尽管...依然' for contrast.
营业额的统计数据必须经过审计师的严格核实。
The turnover statistics must be strictly verified by auditors.
Using '经过...核实' for a formal process.
在宏观经济下行的背景下，维持营业额的增长是一项巨大的挑战。
In the context of a macroeconomic downturn, maintaining turnover growth is a huge challenge.
Using '在...的背景下' to set the scene.
该集团通过跨国并购，实现了营业额的跨越式增长。
Through cross-border mergers and acquisitions, the group achieved leapfrog growth in turnover.
Using '跨越式增长' for rapid expansion.
营业额的虚假汇报可能会导致严重的法律后果。
False reporting of turnover can lead to serious legal consequences.
Using '虚假汇报' and '法律后果' for formal warning.
这种商业模式的核心在于通过高频交易来积累营业额。
The core of this business model lies in accumulating turnover through high-frequency transactions.
Using '核心在于' to explain a principle.
营业额与利润率之间的背离引起了董事会的警觉。
The divergence between turnover and profit margins sparked alarm within the board of directors.
Using '背离' and '警觉' for advanced professional tone.
电子商务平台的营业额在很大程度上取决于用户活跃度。
The turnover of e-commerce platforms depends to a large extent on user activity.
Using '在很大程度上取决于' for complex dependency.
政府通过调整增值税税率来间接影响企业的营业额。
The government indirectly influences corporate turnover by adjusting value-added tax rates.
Using '间接影响' for policy discussion.
该公司的营业额主要由海外市场贡献，国内市场占比较小。
The company's turnover is mainly contributed by overseas markets, with domestic markets accounting for a smaller proportion.
Using '由...贡献' and '占比' for structural analysis.
营业额的边际增长递减效应在成熟市场中尤为显著。
The law of diminishing marginal returns on turnover growth is particularly significant in mature markets.
Using highly technical economic terms like '边际增长递减效应'.
资本市场对该科技巨头营业额的预期近乎苛刻。
Capital market expectations for the tech giant's turnover are nearly harsh.
Using '近乎苛刻' to describe intense pressure.
即便营业额庞大，若缺乏核心技术，企业依然难逃被边缘化的命运。
Even with a massive turnover, if a company lacks core technology, it still cannot escape the fate of being marginalized.
Using '难逃...的命运' for a sophisticated rhetorical flourish.
我们应当审慎评估营业额增长背后的财务杠杆风险。
We should prudently evaluate the financial leverage risks behind turnover growth.
Using '审慎评估' and '财务杠杆' for high-level finance.
该政策的出台旨在遏制通过洗钱手段虚增营业额的违法行为。
The introduction of this policy aims to curb the illegal act of inflating turnover through money laundering.
Using '旨在遏制' and '虚增' for legal/policy contexts.
营业额的这种爆发式增长往往掩盖了企业内部管理上的积弊。
This kind of explosive growth in turnover often masks long-standing management problems within the enterprise.
Using '掩盖' and '积弊' for deep organizational critique.
在全球化退潮的当下，高度依赖外贸营业额的企业面临转型阵痛。
In the current era of ebbing globalization, companies highly dependent on foreign trade turnover face the pains of transformation.
Using '全球化退潮' and '转型阵痛' for cultural/economic commentary.
营业额不仅是数字，更是社会消费心理和分配机制的微观体现。
Turnover is not just a number, but a micro-manifestation of social consumption psychology and distribution mechanisms.
Using '不仅是...更是' for philosophical depth.
تلازمات شائعة
العبارات الشائعة
— The turnover is impressive or substantial.
这家餐厅地理位置好，营业额非常可观。
— To break or refresh a record (often used with turnover).
双十一的营业额再次刷新了记录。
— To grow significantly.
新店开张后，营业额大幅增长。
— To fall to the bottom (used for failing businesses).
受丑闻影响，该公司的营业额跌入谷底。
— The minimum guaranteed turnover.
商场对租户有保底营业额的要求。
— Sharing a percentage of the turnover.
外卖平台会从营业额中抽取分成。
— Turnover during the off-season.
我们需要提高淡季营业额。
— Turnover during the peak season.
旺季营业额占了全年的一半。
— Turnover report/statement.
请在周五前提交营业额报表。
— Estimated turnover.
根据目前的数据，预估营业额会达标。
تعبيرات اصطلاحية
— Earning a lot of money every day. It implies a massive daily turnover.
他的生意非常好，简直是日进斗金。
Literary/Informal— Business is flourishing. This is the standard wish for high turnover.
祝您的新店生意兴隆！
Social/Standard— Wealth is flowing in from all directions.
新年到了，祝大家财源广进！
Social/Standard— The courtyard is as crowded as a marketplace. Implies high turnover due to many customers.
那家老字号餐馆总是门庭若市。
Literary— To make a huge profit from a small investment. Related to high turnover efficiency.
这种生意虽然一本万利，但也很有风险。
Informal— Becoming more prosperous every day. Often used for growing turnover.
公司的业务正蒸蒸日上。
Formal/Standard— So few visitors that you can catch sparrows at the door. Implies zero turnover.
由于经营不善，那家店现在门可罗雀。
Literary— To have bowls and pots full of money. Describes huge success/turnover.
这次投资让他赚得盆满钵满。
Informal— A long flow from a distant source. Can describe a stable, long-term business turnover.
这家百年老店的营业额一直源远流长。
Literary— To not harvest a single grain. Used metaphorically for zero turnover.
由于市场波动，他们上个月几乎颗粒无收。
Literary/Informalعائلة الكلمة
الأسماء
الأفعال
الصفات
Summary
The word 营业额 (yíngyè'é) is the essential term for 'turnover' in Chinese. It measures the scale of business activity. Example: '这家店的营业额很高' (This shop's turnover is very high). Remember, it's about the total money coming in, not the profit staying in your pocket.
- 营业额 means business turnover or gross sales volume.
- It represents total income before expenses are deducted.
- Commonly used in both casual and formal business contexts.
- Key verbs used with it include reach, increase, and decrease.
محتوى ذو صلة
هذه الكلمة بلغات أخرى
مزيد من كلمات business
本事
A2Skill; ability; capability.
相应地
B1بناءً على ذلك / بشكل متوافق. يستخدم للإشارة إلى أن الإجراء يتناسب مع تغيير سابق.
账号
A2رقم حساب أو معرف مستخدم يستخدم للوصول إلى الخدمات المصرفية أو عبر الإنترنت.
客户经理
A2مدير حسابات مسؤول عن إدارة العلاقات مع العملاء.
账户
B1A record of financial transactions for an individual or business, usually at a bank; or a user profile for a digital service.
会计
A2المحاسب هو الشخص المسؤول عن السجلات المالية.
收购
B1الاستحواذ على شركة أو شرائها.
商业活动
A2Business activity.
广告费
A2مصاريف الإعلان. الأموال التي يتم إنفاقها للترويج لمنتج أو خدمة.
调整
B1نحتاج إلى تعديل استراتيجيتنا التسويقية للربع القادم.
