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Why China's population is shrinking
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مستوى CEFR
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This chart shows China's birth and death rate
over the last 60 years.
For most of it, births are high.
But in 2022, China had more deaths than births
causing its population to decrease
for the first time in 6 decades.
To get why this is such a big deal, consider this:
China is the world's manufacturing superpower
and that's in large part because of its huge population.
Nearly 30% of the country's economic output
comes from manufacturing.
Now, here's China's population over the last 60 years.
Even after losing almost a million people in 2022
its population is still about as big as it's ever been:
1.4 billion people.
But that's projected to shrink by nearly half
by the end of the century.
Over the years, China's growth and policies
have contributed to its population decline.
Today, it's looking to reverse course
to keep its population steady.
The problem is it might be too late.
In the 50s, under Mao, China experienced
one of the most gruesome famines on record.
30 million people died.
If we look at that on the birth and death rates chart
you'll see a big spike in deaths.
At the same time, the birth rate dropped
causing the population to shrink.
But, as often happens with wars, famines, and other major crises
immediately after, there was a baby boom.
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