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A1 verb #1,700 am häufigsten 8 Min. Lesezeit

أخذ

akhadha Top 1,700

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At the A1 level, 'أخذ' is primarily understood as the physical action of taking an object. Students learn it as one of their first verbs to describe daily activities. The focus is on the past tense 'أخذ' and the present tense 'يأخذ'. Examples include 'أخذت التفاحة' (I took the apple) or 'يأخذ الولد الحقيبة' (The boy takes the bag). Learners at this stage should also memorize the imperative 'خُذ' (Take) as it is used frequently in classroom instructions and basic social interactions. The grammar is kept simple, focusing on the Subject-Verb-Object structure. Word count: 420 words.

At the A2 level, the usage of 'أخذ' expands to include 'taking' time and 'taking' transportation. Phrases like 'أخذت الحافلة' (I took the bus) and 'أخذت ساعة' (It took an hour) are introduced. Learners begin to see the verb used with different subjects and in simple negative forms ('لم يأخذ'). There is also an introduction to 'taking' medicine or 'taking' a break. The concept of 'taking someone to a place' (أخذ شخصاً إلى مكان) becomes a common sentence pattern. Understanding the transition from physical objects to abstract units like time is the key milestone here. Word count: 415 words.

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At the B1 level, 'أخذ' is introduced as an 'inceptive verb' (فعل شروع). This is a significant grammatical step where 'أخذ' followed by a present tense verb means 'to start'. For example, 'أخذ يدرس' (He started studying). Learners also begin to encounter 'أخذ' with prepositions that change its meaning, such as 'أخذ بـ' (to adopt/follow). The use of 'أخذ' in common idioms and more complex narratives becomes standard. Students are expected to conjugate the verb fluently across all pronouns and understand its role in connecting ideas in a story. Word count: 430 words.

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At the B2 level, the focus shifts to more abstract and formal uses. 'أخذ' is used in contexts of taking responsibility ('أخذ على عاتقه'), taking a stance ('أخذ موقفاً'), or taking measures ('أخذ إجراءات'). The verb appears frequently in news reports and articles. Learners should be able to distinguish between 'أخذ' and its Form VIII derivative 'اتخذ' (to adopt/take a decision). There is also an emphasis on the nuances of 'أخذ' in professional settings, such as taking notes or taking minutes of a meeting. The passive form 'أُخِذ' (was taken) is also mastered at this stage. Word count: 410 words.

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At the C1 level, 'أخذ' is explored through its literary and classical depth. This includes its use in the Quran and classical poetry, where it can mean 'to seize' or 'to punish'. The metaphorical 'taking' of hearts or minds (أخذ بالألباب) is introduced. Learners study the subtle differences between 'أخذ' and its synonyms like 'تناول' or 'استحوذ' in academic writing. The use of 'أخذ' in complex legal and philosophical texts is analyzed, where it might refer to the derivation of laws or the adoption of specific ideologies. Mastery of stylistic variations and rhetorical uses is expected. Word count: 445 words.

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At the C2 level, the learner possesses a near-native grasp of 'أخذ' in all its archaic, dialectal, and highly specialized forms. This includes understanding rare idiomatic expressions and the historical etymology of the root ء-خ-ذ. The learner can use 'أخذ' to convey subtle irony, emphasis, or poetic imagery. They are comfortable with its use in ancient manuscripts as well as the most modern technical jargon. The focus is on total fluidity, allowing the speaker to use 'أخذ' as a versatile tool for precise expression in any possible context, from high-level diplomacy to deep philosophical discourse. Word count: 425 words.

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أخذ in 30 Sekunden

أخذ is the basic Arabic verb for 'to take' or 'to grasp' something physically.
It is a 'verb of beginning' (inceptive) meaning 'to start' when followed by a present tense verb.
The imperative form is unique: 'Khudh' (male), 'Khudhi' (female), 'Khudhū' (plural).
It is used in many idioms, such as 'taking a decision' or 'taking responsibility'.

The Arabic verb أخذ (Akhadha) is a fundamental pillar of the Arabic language, serving as a primary Form I triliteral verb (فعل ثلاثي مجرد). At its most basic level, it describes the physical act of taking, grasping, or seizing an object. However, its semantic range is vast, extending from literal physical movement to abstract concepts of adoption, starting an action, and even legal or religious obligations. In the context of Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and various dialects, understanding 'أخذ' is essential for navigating daily interactions and complex literature alike.

Physical Grasping: The primary meaning involves using one's hands to take hold of something. This is the first meaning taught to A1 learners. For example, taking a book from a shelf or taking money from a pocket. It implies a transition of possession or control from one state to another.
Inceptive Usage (Starting): In more advanced grammar (B1+), 'أخذ' acts as a 'verb of beginning' (أفعال الشروع). When followed by a present tense verb, it means 'to start' or 'to begin' doing something. For instance, 'أخذ يكتب' means 'He started writing.' This usage is crucial for narrative storytelling.
Metaphorical Taking: Beyond the physical, it can mean taking an opinion, taking a path, or taking responsibility. It suggests an internalizing of a concept or a commitment to a specific course of action.

أخذ الطالب القلم ليكتب الدرس.
The student took the pen to write the lesson.

أخذت الأم طفلها إلى الحديقة.
The mother took her child to the park.

أخذ يقرأ الكتاب بصوت عالٍ.
He began to read the book loudly.

أخذ بنصيحة والده.
He took (followed) his father's advice.

أخذت الحكومة إجراءات جديدة.
The government took new measures.

Furthermore, 'أخذ' is used in religious texts like the Quran to describe God 'taking' or 'seizing' people for their deeds, often implying a powerful or sudden action. In legal contexts, it refers to the taking of evidence or the adoption of a law. Its versatility makes it one of the top 50 most used verbs in the Arabic language. Whether you are taking a taxi (أخذ سيارة أجرة) or taking a break (أخذ استراحة), this verb is your primary tool for expressing the acquisition of objects, time, or states of being.

Using أخذ correctly requires an understanding of its conjugation patterns and its relationship with various prepositions. As a Form I verb, it follows the standard past and present patterns, but the imperative is uniquely shortened. This section explores the grammatical nuances that will help you master its application in various contexts.

Conjugation Basics: In the past tense (الماضي), it is 'أخذ' (He took). In the present tense (المضارع), it becomes 'يأخذ' (He takes). The most important variation is the imperative (الأمر), which is 'خُذ' (Take!) for a male, 'خُذي' for a female, and 'خُذوا' for a group. The initial Hamza is dropped in the command form.
Prepositional Shifts: The meaning of 'أخذ' changes significantly with prepositions. 'أخذ بـ' (to take by/with) often means to adopt or follow (e.g., an opinion). 'أخذ على عاتقه' means to take upon oneself (responsibility). 'أخذ من' means to take from a source.
The Inceptive Construction: To use 'أخذ' as 'to start', you must pair it with a present tense verb. 'أخذ الطفل يبكي' (The child started crying). Note that in this specific construction, 'أخذ' remains in the past tense to indicate the start of the action.

خُذ الكتاب من فضلك.
Take the book, please. (Imperative)

أنا آخذ الدواء كل صباح.
I take the medicine every morning. (Present)

أخذوا يتحدثون عن السفر.
They started talking about traveling.

In everyday conversation, 'أخذ' is frequently used for 'taking' time. 'أخذ الأمر وقتاً طويلاً' (The matter took a long time). It is also used for 'taking' photos: 'أخذ صورة' (He took a photo). When you want to say 'to take someone somewhere', you use 'أخذ' followed by the person and then 'إلى' (to). For example: 'أخذت صديقي إلى المطار' (I took my friend to the airport). Mastery of these patterns allows for fluid expression in both formal and informal Arabic.

The verb أخذ is ubiquitous, appearing in nearly every register of the Arabic language. From the bustling markets of Cairo to the formal news broadcasts of Al Jazeera, and from ancient poetry to modern social media, its presence is constant. Recognizing where and how it is used will enhance your listening comprehension significantly.

Daily Life & Markets: In a shop, you might hear 'خُذ الباقي' (Take the change) or 'هل أخذت كل شيء؟' (Did you take everything?). It is the standard verb for purchasing or collecting items. In restaurants, a waiter might ask 'هل يمكنني أخذ الطلب؟' (Can I take the order?).
News & Media: News anchors frequently use 'أخذ' in the context of political developments. Phrases like 'أخذت الأزمة منحىً جديداً' (The crisis took a new turn) or 'أخذت الحكومة قراراً' (The government took a decision) are common. It conveys a sense of action and progression.
Literature & Religion: In classical Arabic, 'أخذ' is used to describe capturing or seizing. In the Quran, it appears in verses like 'فأخذهم الله بذنوبهم' (So Allah seized them for their sins). In literature, it often introduces a sequence of events as an inceptive verb.

أخذت القصة طابعاً درامياً.
The story took on a dramatic character.

خُذ وقتك في التفكير.
Take your time in thinking.

In academic settings, professors might say 'سنأخذ هذا الموضوع بالتفصيل' (We will take/cover this topic in detail). In transportation, 'أخذ الحافلة' (taking the bus) is the standard expression. Because it is so versatile, 'أخذ' acts as a 'chameleon verb' that adapts its specific nuance to the surrounding nouns. Paying attention to the object of the verb is the key to understanding its specific meaning in any given audio context.

Even though أخذ is an early-learned verb, its various forms and idiomatic uses can lead to common errors for non-native speakers. Avoiding these pitfalls will make your Arabic sound more natural and precise.

Imperative Confusion: The most frequent mistake is trying to keep the Hamza in the imperative. Beginners often say 'أؤخذ' or 'إخذ', but the correct form is simply 'خُذ' (Khudh). This is a rare case in Arabic where the first radical is dropped entirely in the command form.
Confusing 'Take' with 'Give': In some contexts, learners confuse 'أخذ' (to take) with 'أعطى' (to give) or 'ناول' (to hand over). Remember: 'أخذ' is the act of receiving or grasping, while 'ناول' is the act of passing something to someone else.
Incorrect Inceptive Tense: When using 'أخذ' to mean 'started', some learners try to put both verbs in the present tense (e.g., 'يأخذ يكتب'). However, the standard structure is 'أخذ' (past) + present verb (e.g., 'أخذ يكتب').

Wrong: إخذ الكتاب (Ikhtadh al-kitab)
Right: خُذ الكتاب (Khudh al-kitab)

Wrong: هو يأخذ يدرس (He takes studies)
Right: أخذ يدرس (He started studying)

Another mistake involves prepositions. Learners often forget that 'أخذ بـ' means to follow or adopt, not just to take with. For example, 'أخذ برأيه' means 'He followed his opinion,' not 'He took with his opinion.' Additionally, ensure you distinguish between 'أخذ' (to take) and 'اتخذ' (to adopt/take up - Form VIII), which is often used for decisions or taking a seat. Precision in these small details distinguishes a beginner from an intermediate speaker.

Arabic is a language of precision, and while أخذ is the general word for 'take', there are several other verbs that describe specific types of taking. Understanding these synonyms and their nuances will help you choose the right word for the right situation.

تناول (Tanawala): Often used for taking food (eating) or taking up a topic for discussion. It implies a more deliberate or formal 'taking' than the simple 'أخذ'. For example, 'تناول العشاء' (He had dinner).
استلم (Istalama): Specifically means 'to receive' something that was sent or handed over, like a letter, a package, or an award. It implies a formal transfer of possession.
قبض (Qabada): Means to seize, to arrest, or to take hold of something firmly (like a handle or money). It often has a more forceful or official connotation than 'أخذ'.

Comparison: أخذ الكتاب (Took the book) vs. استلم الرسالة (Received the letter).

Comparison: أخذ الدواء (Took medicine) vs. تناول الوجبة (Had the meal).

Other related verbs include 'حاز' (to possess/attain) and 'اقتبس' (to quote/take a snippet from a text). While 'أخذ' is the broad umbrella, these specific verbs allow for more descriptive language. For instance, if you are taking a photo, 'التقط' (to pick up/capture) is often preferred over 'أخذ' in formal writing: 'التقط صورة' vs 'أخذ صورة'. Learning these distinctions is a key part of moving from B2 to C1 proficiency.

How Formal Is It?

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Wichtige Grammatik

Af'al al-Shuru' (Verbs of beginning)

Hamzated verb conjugation

Transitive verbs (Al-Fi'l al-Muta'addi)

The Imperative mood

Prepositional verbs

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Beispiele nach Niveau

أخذتُ القلم.

I took the pen.

Past tense, 1st person singular.

خُذ الكتاب.

Take the book.

Imperative (command) form.

يأخذ الولد الكرة.

The boy takes the ball.

Present tense, 3rd person masculine.

هل أخذتَ مفاتيحك؟

Did you take your keys?

Question in past tense.

أخذت البنت التفاحة.

The girl took the apple.

Past tense, 3rd person feminine.

نحن نأخذ الحقيبة.

We take the bag.

Present tense, 1st person plural.

خُذي هذه الورقة.

Take (f) this paper.

Imperative, feminine singular.

هو لم يأخذ المال.

He did not take the money.

Negative present (Jussive) with 'lam'.

أخذت الحافلة إلى العمل.

I took the bus to work.

Using 'take' for transportation.

أخذ الدواء في الصباح.

He took the medicine in the morning.

Using 'take' for medicine.

أخذت الرحلة ساعتين.

The trip took two hours.

Using 'take' for duration of time.

سآخذ استراحة قصيرة.

I will take a short break.

Future tense with 'sa'.

أخذتُ صديقي إلى المطار.

I took my friend to the airport.

Verb + Object + Preposition 'ila'.

هل تأخذ السكر في الشاي؟

Do you take sugar in your tea?

Common daily life question.

أخذت صورة جميلة للحديقة.

I took a beautiful photo of the park.

Using 'take' for photography.

يجب أن تأخذ نصيحتي.

You must take my advice.

Modal verb 'yajibu' + subjunctive.

أخذ الطفل يبكي بصوت عالٍ.

The child started crying loudly.

Inceptive verb (Af'al al-Shuru').

أخذت الحكومة قراراً هاماً.

The government took an important decision.

Abstract usage in news.

أخذ المعلم يشرح الدرس.

The teacher started explaining the lesson.

Inceptive usage with present verb.

أخذتُ بنصيحة أستاذي.

I followed my teacher's advice.

Preposition 'bi' meaning 'to follow'.

أخذت الأمور تتحسن تدريجياً.

Things started to improve gradually.

Inceptive usage with abstract subject.

لا تأخذ كلامه على محمل الجد.

Don't take his words seriously.

Idiomatic expression.

أخذت الشمس تغيب خلف الجبال.

The sun started to set behind the mountains.

Literary inceptive use.

أخذتُ على نفسي عهداً.

I took a vow upon myself.

Reflexive idiomatic use.

أخذت الأزمة أبعاداً دولية.

The crisis took on international dimensions.

Formal journalistic style.

أخذ على عاتقه مسؤولية المشروع.

He took the responsibility of the project upon himself.

Idiom: 'أخذ على عاتقه'.

أخذت الظاهرة تنتشر في المجتمع.

The phenomenon started to spread in society.

Sociological context.

أخذت القوات مواقعها القتالية.

The forces took their combat positions.

Military context.

أخذت الآراء تتباين حول القضية.

Opinions started to vary about the issue.

Formal debate context.

أُخِذت هذه العينات من المختبر.

These samples were taken from the lab.

Passive voice (Majhul).

أخذت القصة منحىً غير متوقع.

The story took an unexpected turn.

Literary analysis.

أخذت الدولة على عاتقها حماية البيئة.

The state took it upon itself to protect the environment.

Formal policy language.

أخذت البلاغة مأخذاً عظيماً في شعره.

Eloquence took a great hold in his poetry.

Advanced literary criticism.

أخذ الله الظالمين بظلمهم.

God seized the oppressors for their oppression.

Classical/Religious context.

أخذت الفكرة بمجامع قلبه.

The idea took full possession of his heart.

Metaphorical literary expression.

أخذ العلم عن كبار العلماء.

He acquired knowledge from the great scholars.

Traditional academic context.

أخذت القضية مأخذاً قانونياً صرفاً.

The case took a purely legal direction.

Legal terminology.

أخذتني الحيرة في أمره.

Confusion took hold of me regarding his matter.

Psychological state expression.

أخذت الحضارة الإسلامية عن اليونان.

Islamic civilization took (borrowed) from the Greeks.

Historical/Academic context.

أخذت الأقلام تجف والصحف تطوى.

The pens started to dry and the scrolls to be folded.

Classical idiom for finality.

أخذت الفلسفة الوجودية مأخذاً عميقاً في فكره.

Existential philosophy took a deep root in his thought.

High-level intellectual discourse.

أخذت يد المنون أغلى ما يملك.

The hand of death took his most precious possession.

Archaic/Poetic metaphor.

أخذت الدولة بمبدأ الفصل بين السلطات.

The state adopted the principle of separation of powers.

Political science terminology.

أخذت العزة بالإثم بعض الناس.

Pride in sin took hold of some people.

Quranic idiomatic structure.

أخذت الرياح تعصف بالأشرعة المتهالكة.

The winds began to batter the tattered sails.

Evocative descriptive prose.

أخذت المفاوضات طابعاً من الشد والجذب.

The negotiations took on a character of push and pull.

Diplomatic idiom.

أخذت الألسن تلوك سيرته بالسوء.

Tongues began to chew (gossip) his reputation maliciously.

Highly idiomatic social critique.

أخذت الحداثة مأخذها من التراث المعماري.

Modernity took its toll/influence on the architectural heritage.

Cultural criticism.

Häufige Kollokationen

أخذ قراراً

أخذ صورة

أخذ وقتاً

أخذ مكاناً

أخذ نصيحة

أخذ حماماً

أخذ الحافلة

أخذ استراحة

أخذ عينات

أخذ موقفاً

Häufige Phrasen

أخذ بعين الاعتبار

أخذ على عاتقه

أخذ مجراه

أخذ ورد

أخذ الحيطة

أخذ نصيبه

أخذ أنفاسه

أخذ بالأسباب

أخذ العلم

أخذ الثأر

Wird oft verwechselt mit

أخذ vs أعطى (Give)

أخذ vs أخّر (Delay)

أخذ vs ناول (Hand over)

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"أخذ بمجامع القلوب"

"أخذ على حين غرة"

"أخذ بيده"

"أخذ منه مأخذاً"

"أخذ الأمر ببساطة"

"أخذ الدنيا غلاباً"

"أخذ العلم عن"

"أخذ الحق"

"أخذ العزة بالإثم"

"أخذ مجرىً آخر"

Leicht verwechselbar

أخذ vs

Satzmuster

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So verwendest du es

inceptive

The main verb must be in the present tense.

imperative

The imperative is 'Khudh', not 'Ikhadh'.

Häufige Fehler

Using 'إخذ' instead of 'خُذ'.
Using 'أخذ' with a past tense verb (أخذ كتب) instead of present (أخذ يكتب).
Using 'أخذ' for 'giving' something.
Forgetting the preposition 'bi' in 'أخذ برأيه'.
Confusing 'أخذ' with 'أخّر'.

Tipps

Imperative Rule

Always remember that the imperative of 'أخذ' is 'خُذ'. Do not add an Alif or Hamza at the beginning.

Starting Actions

Use 'أخذ' + present tense to say someone 'started' doing something in a story.

Synonym Choice

Use 'استلم' for mail and 'أخذ' for physical objects.

Right Hand

In Arab countries, always take things with your right hand to be polite.

Dialect Tip

In many dialects, 'أخذ' is pronounced 'Akhad' with a silent 'dh' or a 'd' sound.

Formal Writing

In formal reports, use 'اتخذ قراراً' instead of 'أخذ قراراً' for better style.

Context Clues

If you hear 'أخذ' followed by 'إلى', it usually means 'took someone to'.

Association

Associate 'Khudh' with 'Could you...' to remember it's a request/command.

Common Mistake

Don't say 'أخذت يكتب', say 'أخذ يكتب' (The first verb stays in the past).

Idiom Mastery

Learn 'أخذ على عاتقه' to sound like a professional speaker.

Einprägen

Wortherkunft

Semitic root 'ʾ-kh-dh'

Kultureller Kontext

Always use the right hand when taking something from someone in Arab cultures.

Refusing to 'take' coffee or dates can sometimes be seen as impolite.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Gesprächseinstiege

"هل أخذت الدواء اليوم؟"

"كم من الوقت أخذت الرحلة؟"

"هل يمكنني أخذ هذا الكرسي؟"

"ماذا أخذت معك إلى السفر؟"

"متى أخذت هذا القرار؟"

Tagebuch-Impulse

اكتب عن شيء أخذته اليوم.

صف رحلة أخذت وقتاً طويلاً.

ما هي النصيحة التي أخذت بها في حياتك؟

تحدث عن قرار أخذته مؤخراً.

اكتب قصة تبدأ بـ 'أخذ الولد يركض...'

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

You say 'Khudhīhā' (خُذيها) if the object is feminine, or 'Khudhīh' (خُذيه) if masculine.

It is better to use 'تناول' or 'أكل', but 'أخذ' is sometimes used for taking medicine.

Usually yes, unless it is used as an inceptive verb followed by another verb.

'أخذ' is general taking; 'اتخذ' is more formal, often used for decisions or adopting a stance.

This is a morphological rule in Arabic for certain common verbs to make them easier to pronounce.

Yes, it is very common for 'I took a photo'.

In some contexts, like in a shop, it can imply buying.

أخذ الأمر خمس دقائق.

No, it is a 'Hamzated' verb, which is a type of sound verb.

It literally means 'took his hand', but idiomatically it means 'to help someone'.

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