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B1 adjective #4,000 am häufigsten 8 Min. Lesezeit

重度な

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Erklärung 重度な in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use '重度な' (jūdo-na) yet. Instead, you would use simple words like 'とても' (very) and '悪い' (bad) or 'ひどい' (terrible). For example, instead of saying 'He has a severe illness,' an A1 student would say '彼はとても重い病気です' (He has a very heavy/serious illness). '重度な' is a formal word that you will see in newspapers or hear in hospitals. It is made of two parts: '重' (heavy) and '度' (degree). Even if you don't use it, knowing that '重' means something serious is very helpful for reading signs in Japan. At this stage, just remember that if you see this word, the situation is not good and is very serious.

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At the A2 level, you are beginning to learn more specific adjectives. You might know '重い' (omoi) for 'heavy' or 'serious.' '重度な' (jūdo-na) is the more formal, 'na-adjective' version of this. You will start to see it in simple news articles or health-related materials. It is important to understand that '重度な' is used for things like health problems. You shouldn't use it for things like 'heavy bags' or 'heavy rain.' For those, you still use '重い' or '強い.' When you see '重度な' in a sentence, think of it as 'Level: High' or 'Level: Severe.' It is a step up from 'ひどい' (terrible) and sounds more like a professional diagnosis.

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As a B1 learner, '重度な' (jūdo-na) is a key vocabulary word for discussing health, social issues, and disabilities. At this level, you are expected to move beyond general adjectives like 'ひどい' and use more precise terms. '重度な' is specifically used to describe the 'degree' (度) of a condition. You will often find it in the context of '重度な障害' (severe disability) or '重度な依存症' (severe addiction). You should also learn its opposite, '軽度な' (keido-na), which means 'mild' or 'light degree.' Using these words correctly shows that you can handle formal situations and understand the nuances of Japanese classification systems. You will likely hear this word in documentaries or read it in social welfare articles.

At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using '重度な' (jūdo-na) and understand its grammatical nuances, such as when to use '重度な' versus '重度の.' You will also need to distinguish it from similar words like '深刻な' (shinkoku-na - serious/grave) and '甚大な' (jindai-na - enormous). While '深刻な' is used for abstract societal problems, '重度な' is reserved for quantifiable medical or functional states. You might encounter this word in academic texts, legal documents regarding healthcare, or detailed medical reports. A B2 learner should be able to explain the severity of a situation using this word in a professional setting, such as a workplace or a clinic.

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For C1 learners, '重度な' (jūdo-na) is part of a broader set of technical vocabulary. You should understand the specific legal and medical implications of this word in Japan, such as how '重度' classification affects government subsidies and support for the elderly or disabled. You should be able to use it in complex sentence structures and understand its role in formal writing (kango). At this level, you might also explore related terms like '最重度' (sai-jūdo - most severe) or '重複重度' (chūfuku jūdo - multiple severe disabilities). Your understanding should include the subtle shift in tone when a writer chooses '重度な' over '重度の,' often to emphasize the state as a descriptive quality rather than just a category.

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At the C2 level, '重度な' (jūdo-na) is a word you use with total precision within specialized fields like medicine, psychology, or sociology. You understand the historical evolution of how 'severity' has been classified in Japanese policy. You can discern the nuances between '重度な,' '深刻な,' '重篤な' (jūtoku-na - critically ill), and '甚大な.' You are capable of reading high-level medical journals or legislative texts where '重度' is defined by specific criteria and metrics. Your usage reflects a deep understanding of the register, ensuring that you never use it in a context where a more nuanced or less clinical term is required. You can also discuss the social stigma or policy challenges associated with conditions classified as '重度' in Japanese society.

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重度な in 30 Sekunden

Formal adjective for 'severe' or 'serious' conditions.
Used mainly for medical, physical, or psychological states.
Composed of kanji for 'heavy' and 'degree'.
Essential for understanding Japanese social welfare and health news.

The Japanese word 重度な (jūdo-na) is a powerful adjective used to describe conditions, symptoms, or states that have reached a high level of severity or seriousness. Etymologically, it is composed of two kanji: 重 (jū) meaning 'heavy' or 'serious' and 度 (do) meaning 'degree' or 'extent.' When combined, they literally translate to 'a heavy degree.' In a medical or social context, this word is not used lightly; it signifies that a situation is at the upper end of a scale, often requiring intensive care, intervention, or significant support.

Medical Context: Used to classify the stage of a disease or the extent of a disability. For example, '重度な障害' (jūdo-na shōgai) refers to a severe disability.

彼は重度なアレルギーを持っています。(He has a severe allergy.)

While 重度 (jūdo) is technically a noun, adding な (na) turns it into a 'na-adjective' used to modify nouns directly. However, in many formal medical documents, you might also see it as 重度の (jūdo no). The nuance of 重度な often feels slightly more descriptive of the state itself rather than just a classification. It is a B1 level word because while basic learners might use 'ひどい' (hidoi - terrible/bad), a B1 learner needs the specific terminology used in professional, clinical, or news-related discussions.

Social Impact: It often appears in discussions regarding social welfare and accessibility, specifically identifying individuals who need the most assistance.

政府は重度な介護が必要な人を支援しています。(The government supports people who need severe/intensive nursing care.)

In everyday conversation, you might hear it when discussing psychological states as well, such as '重度なストレス' (severe stress) or '重度なうつ病' (severe depression). It carries a weight that suggests the person is struggling significantly and that the condition is not just a passing phase. Understanding this word helps you navigate Japanese healthcare systems and understand news reports about public health crises or social issues.

Comparison: Compared to '深刻な' (shinkoku-na), which means 'serious' in a general or abstract sense (like a serious problem), '重度な' is more focused on the measurable degree of a physical or mental state.

Using 重度な (jūdo-na) requires understanding its placement as a na-adjective. It almost always precedes a noun to define the intensity of that noun. While it is grammatically simple to use, the choice of the noun it modifies is crucial for natural-sounding Japanese. It is most commonly paired with words related to health, psychology, and physical conditions.

Structure 1: [Noun] + は + [重度な] + [Noun] + です: Used to define a subject's condition. '彼の症状は重度な感染症です' (His symptoms are a severe infection).

重度な火傷を負ったため、すぐに入院しました。(Because they suffered severe burns, they were hospitalized immediately.)

One common variation is the use of the particle の (no) instead of な (na). While '重度な障害' is correct, '重度の障害' is actually more frequent in medical reports. However, in modern, slightly more descriptive writing, 'な' is used to emphasize the 'adjectival' quality of the severity. You will also see it used with abstract concepts that can be quantified, like '依存' (dependence/addiction).

Structure 2: [重度な] + [Noun] + に + [Verb]: Used to describe an action taken due to a severe state. '重度な不眠に悩まされる' (To be troubled by severe insomnia).

その子は重度なアトピー性皮膚炎に苦しんでいます。(That child is suffering from severe atopic dermatitis.)

When using this word, be careful not to use it for positive things. You wouldn't say '重度な喜び' (severe joy). It is strictly for negative, pathological, or problematic states. It can also describe environmental or technical failures that have reached a critical 'degree,' though this is less common than biological usage.

Collocation: 重度な依存症: Often used for severe addiction (gaming, alcohol, drugs). '彼は重度なゲーム依存症だ' (He has a severe gaming addiction).

In summary, treat '重度な' as a formal, clinical way to say 'extremely serious' or 'severe' regarding health or functional states. It provides a level of precision that common adjectives like '大きい' (big) or '大変な' (difficult/serious) lack in a professional context.

You will encounter 重度な (jūdo-na) in specific domains of Japanese life. It is not a word usually heard at a casual dinner party unless the topic turns to health or social policy. Instead, it is a staple of professional and informational settings.

1. Hospitals and Clinics: Doctors use this to explain diagnoses to patients or families. '重度な貧血' (severe anemia) or '重度な肺炎' (severe pneumonia) are terms used in medical consultations.

「重度な脱水症状が見られるので、点滴が必要です。」(Since severe dehydration symptoms are seen, an IV drip is necessary.)

2. **News and Documentaries**: When reporting on public health issues, such as the spread of a virus or the aging population, news anchors use '重度な' to categorize the impact. You might hear about '重度な心身障害者' (persons with severe mental or physical disabilities) when discussing government budgets or social welfare laws.

2. Government and Administrative Offices: When applying for disability certificates (障害者手帳), the classifications are often divided into '軽度' (light), '中等度' (medium), and '重度' (severe).

彼は重度な知的障害と診断されました。(He was diagnosed with a severe intellectual disability.)

3. **Academic and Psychological Research**: In psychology papers or educational reports, '重度な' is used to describe the intensity of conditions like ADHD, autism, or learning disabilities. It helps researchers categorize subjects and results.

In summary, this word is the 'classification' word. It tells the listener that the situation has passed a certain threshold of seriousness. If you hear it, pay attention, as it usually precedes information about urgent care or significant life impacts.

While 重度な (jūdo-na) is a useful word, learners often misuse it in ways that sound unnatural to native speakers. Here are the most common pitfalls to avoid.

Mistake 1: Using it for 'Inconvenience': Learners might say '重度な雨' (severe rain). This is incorrect. For weather, use '激しい' (hageshii) or 'ひどい' (hidoi). '重度な' is for states of being, not weather events.

❌ 重度な雨で遅れました。
✅ 激しい雨で遅れました。

Mistake 2: Confusing it with **深刻な (shinkoku-na)**. While both mean 'serious,' *shinkoku-na* is for abstract problems (economic crisis, environmental issues), while *jūdo-na* is for the degree of a condition (illness, disability). You wouldn't say '重度な経済危機' (a severe economic crisis); you would say '深刻な経済危機'.

Mistake 2: Overusing the 'na' particle: As mentioned, '重度の' (jūdo no) is often more natural in technical contexts. If you always use '重度な', you might sound slightly like a textbook. Pay attention to how native speakers alternate between the two.

Natural: 重度のうつ病 (Severe depression).
Descriptive: 重度な症状 (Severe symptoms).

Mistake 3: Using it for positive intensity. You cannot have '重度な才能' (severe talent). Use '豊かな' (yutaka-na) or '優れた' (sugureta) instead. '重度な' always implies a burden or a pathology.

Finally, avoid using it to describe people directly without a following noun like '障害' or '症状'. Saying '彼は重度です' (He is severe) is vague and potentially rude. Always specify what is severe: '彼は重度な障害を持っています' (He has a severe disability).

To truly master 重度な (jūdo-na), you must understand where it sits among its synonyms. Japanese has many ways to say 'serious' or 'severe,' each with its own flavor.

1. 深刻な (Shinkoku-na): Meaning: Serious, grave. Used for abstract problems or situations that cause worry. '深刻な悩み' (Serious worries). Unlike '重度な', it doesn't refer to a physical degree but to the emotional or social weight of a problem.
2. 重い (Omoi): Meaning: Heavy, serious. This is the simple, everyday version of '重度な'. '病気が重い' (The illness is serious). It's used in daily conversation while '重度な' is more formal and clinical.
3. 激しい (Hageshii): Meaning: Intense, violent. Used for movement, weather, or pain. '激しい痛み' (Intense pain). '重度な' describes the *state* of the condition, whereas '激しい' describes the *sensation* or *activity*.

Comparison Chart:
• Medical Diagnosis: 重度な
• Social Issue: 深刻な
• Weather/Pain: 激しい
• Casual Health: 重い

4. **致命的な (Chimeiteki-na)**: Meaning: Fatal, lethal. This is much stronger than '重度な'. While '重度な' means severe, '致命的な' implies that it will lead to death or total failure. '致命的なミス' (A fatal mistake).

5. **甚大な (Jindai-na)**: Meaning: Enormous, immense. Usually used for damages or losses, often in the context of natural disasters. '甚大な被害' (Enormous damage). It is more formal and used for large-scale physical destruction.

Choosing the right word shows your mastery of Japanese register. Using '重度な' in a casual conversation about a headache might sound overly dramatic or clinical, whereas using 'ひどい' in a medical report would sound unprofessional.

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

The kanji '重' originally depicted a person standing on the ground with a heavy load on their back. '度' originally referred to measuring with the hand.

Aussprachehilfe

UK dʒuː.dəʊ.næ

US dʒu.doʊ.nɑ

The stress is even across all syllables in Japanese (pitch accent), but in English phonetics, slightly emphasize 'Jū'.

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 3/5

The kanji are common but the word is formal.

Schreiben 4/5

Requires knowing the specific 'na' vs 'no' usage.

Sprechen 3/5

Easy to pronounce but hard to use in the right context.

Hören 3/5

Common in news and medical contexts.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

重い度病気障害ひどい

Als Nächstes lernen

軽度な中等度な深刻な重篤な甚大な

Fortgeschritten

要介護後遺症合併症機能不全依存症

Wichtige Grammatik

Na-Adjective Modification

重度な障害 (Severe disability)

Noun + No Modification

重度の障害 (Severe disability - more common in technical writing)

State + Ni Ochiiru

重度な不眠に陥る (To fall into severe insomnia)

Condition + O Ou

重度な火傷を負う (To suffer severe burns)

Degree + Ni Yoru

重度な脱水による意識不明 (Unconsciousness due to severe dehydration)

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Beispiele nach Niveau

これは重度な病気ですか？

Is this a severe illness?

Simple question using 'desu ka'.

重度なアレルギーがあります。

I have a severe allergy.

Using 'arimasu' to show possession of a condition.

彼は重度なけがをしました。

He had a severe injury.

Past tense 'shimashita'.

重度な状態ではありません。

It is not a severe condition.

Negative form 'dewa arimasen'.

母は重度な病気でした。

My mother had a severe illness.

Past tense 'deshita'.

重度なミスをしないでください。

Please don't make a severe mistake.

Negative request 'naide kudasai'.

これは重度な問題です。

This is a severe problem.

Identifying a problem.

重度な痛みがありますか？

Do you have severe pain?

Asking about symptoms.

重度な不眠症に悩んでいます。

I am suffering from severe insomnia.

Using 'nayande imasu' for ongoing trouble.

重度な障害を持つ人を助けます。

I help people with severe disabilities.

Relative clause 'motsu hito'.

医者は重度な肺炎だと言いました。

The doctor said it's severe pneumonia.

Quoting with 'to iimashita'.

重度なストレスを感じています。

I am feeling severe stress.

Using 'kanjite imasu'.

重度な火傷を負いました。

I suffered a severe burn.

The verb 'ou' means to suffer/sustain an injury.

重度な感染症に気をつけてください。

Please be careful of severe infections.

Using 'ki o tsukete kudasai'.

彼は重度なうつ病から回復しました。

He recovered from severe depression.

Using 'kara kaifuku shimashita'.

重度な貧血で倒れました。

I collapsed due to severe anemia.

Particle 'de' showing cause.

重度な障害者向けのサービスを利用する。

To use services intended for people with severe disabilities.

Using 'muke' for 'intended for'.

重度なアルコール依存症の治療を受ける。

To receive treatment for severe alcoholism.

Compound noun 'izōnshō'.

その患者は重度な栄養失調に陥っている。

The patient has fallen into severe malnutrition.

Using 'ni ochiitte iru' for falling into a state.

重度なアトピーで夜も眠れないほどだ。

It's such severe atopy that I can't even sleep at night.

Using 'hodo da' for degree/extent.

重度な虫歯を放置してはいけない。

You must not leave severe cavities untreated.

Using 'shite wa ikenai' for prohibition.

重度な交通渋滞に巻き込まれた。

I was caught in severe traffic congestion.

Passive voice 'makikomareta'.

重度な精神的苦痛を感じている。

I am feeling severe psychological distress.

Adjective 'seishinteki' modifying distress.

重度な肥満は健康に悪影響を及ぼす。

Severe obesity has a negative impact on health.

Using 'eikyō o oyobosu' for exerting influence.

重度な要介護状態の認定を受けた。

Received certification for a state requiring severe long-term care.

Legal/Administrative term 'yōkaigo'.

重度な欠陥が見つかり、製品が回収された。

A severe defect was found, and the product was recalled.

Passive voice 'kaishū sareta'.

重度な知的障害児のための教育プログラム。

An educational program for children with severe intellectual disabilities.

Formal compound 'chiteki shōgaiji'.

重度な後遺症が残る可能性がある。

There is a possibility that severe after-effects will remain.

Using 'kanōsei ga aru' for possibility.

重度な脱水症状により、意識を失った。

Due to severe dehydration, they lost consciousness.

Using 'ni yori' to indicate cause.

重度な経済的損失を避けるための対策。

Measures to avoid severe economic loss.

Using 'tame no' to modify the noun 'taisaku'.

重度なアレルギー反応が起きる恐れがある。

There is a fear that a severe allergic reaction might occur.

Using 'osore ga aru' for fear/risk.

重度な機能不全に陥ったシステムを復旧させる。

To restore a system that has fallen into severe dysfunction.

Technical term 'kinō fuzen'.

重度な重複障害を抱える患者のケアは困難を極める。

Caring for patients with severe multiple disabilities is extremely difficult.

Using 'konnan o kiwameru' for extreme difficulty.

重度な環境汚染が地域の生態系に甚大な影響を与えている。

Severe environmental pollution is having an immense impact on the local ecosystem.

Formal academic tone.

重度な認知症患者に対する非薬物療法の有効性。

The effectiveness of non-drug therapies for patients with severe dementia.

Academic paper title style.

重度な人権侵害が行われているとの報告がある。

There are reports that severe human rights violations are taking place.

Using 'to no' to link a report to its content.

重度な皮膚疾患の治療において、ステロイドは不可欠だ。

In the treatment of severe skin diseases, steroids are indispensable.

Using 'ni oite' for context/domain.

重度な心不全と診断され、移植手術を待っている。

Diagnosed with severe heart failure, they are waiting for a transplant surgery.

Passive diagnosis 'shindan sare'.

重度なセキュリティ上の脅威が検知された。

A severe security threat was detected.

Using 'jō no' for 'in terms of'.

重度な言語障害を克服するための訓練を続ける。

To continue training to overcome a severe language disorder.

Using 'kokufuku suru' for overcoming.

重度な精神疾患の病態解明に向けた最新の研究成果。

The latest research results aimed at elucidating the pathology of severe mental illness.

Highly formal academic phrasing.

重度な自閉症スペクトラム障害の特性に配慮した支援体系。

A support system that takes into account the characteristics of severe autism spectrum disorder.

Using 'ni hairyo shita' for 'taking into account'.

重度な薬物依存からの脱却には、多角的なアプローチが必要だ。

To break away from severe drug dependence, a multi-faceted approach is necessary.

Using 'dakkyaku' for breaking away/escaping.

重度な機能制限を伴う難病の患者に対する公的助成。

Public subsidies for patients with rare diseases accompanied by severe functional limitations.

Legalistic phrasing 'tomonau'.

重度な情報格差が社会の分断を加速させている。

The severe information gap is accelerating the fragmentation of society.

Abstract sociological usage.

重度な合併症の併発により、予後は極めて不良である。

Due to the concurrent occurrence of severe complications, the prognosis is extremely poor.

Technical medical terminology 'yogo'.

重度なハラスメント行為は、懲戒解雇の対象となり得る。

Severe acts of harassment can be subject to disciplinary dismissal.

Using 'tōnari uru' for 'can become'.

重度な信用毀損を招く恐れがあるため、慎重な対応が求められる。

Since there is a risk of causing severe damage to credibility, a cautious response is required.

Business formal 'maneku osore'.

Häufige Kollokationen

重度な障害

重度なアレルギー

重度な不眠症

重度な依存症

重度な感染症

重度な貧血

重度なうつ病

重度な火傷

重度な欠陥

重度な肥満

Häufige Phrasen

重度な状態

— A severe state or condition. Used to describe how bad a situation is.

患者は重度な状態にあります。

重度な症状

— Severe symptoms. Used when medical signs are very bad.

重度な症状が出た場合は連絡してください。

重度な知的障害

— Severe intellectual disability. A specific administrative classification.

重度な知的障害の認定を受けた。

重度な心身障害

— Severe mental and physical disability. Often used in legal contexts.

重度な心身障害者への手当。

重度な後遺症

— Severe after-effects or sequelae from an illness or injury.

重度な後遺症が残ってしまった。

重度なアトピー

— Severe atopic dermatitis (skin condition).

幼い頃から重度なアトピーだった。

重度な認知症

— Severe dementia. Used for late-stage cognitive decline.

重度な認知症のケアプラン。

重度な脱水

— Severe dehydration. A common emergency medical term.

重度な脱水に注意が必要だ。

重度な要介護

— Requiring severe long-term care. Refers to higher levels of nursing needs.

重度な要介護者の自宅訪問。

重度な機能不全

— Severe dysfunction. Used for organs or technical systems.

重度な肝機能不全が見られる。

Wird oft verwechselt mit

重度な vs 深刻な (Shinkoku-na)

Shinkoku-na is for abstract or social problems, while Jūdo-na is for medical/physical degrees.

重度な vs 重篤な (Jūtoku-na)

Jūtoku-na is specifically for life-threatening medical conditions, stronger than Jūdo-na.

重度な vs 激しい (Hageshii)

Hageshii is for intensity of action or sensation (like pain), Jūdo-na is for the stage of a condition.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"重度な腰痛"

— Severe lower back pain. While not a classic idiom, it's a fixed way to describe chronic back issues.

重度な腰痛で仕事ができない。

Neutral

"重度な五月病"

— Severe 'May Sickness' (post-holiday slump in Japan). Used colloquially to describe extreme lack of motivation in May.

彼は重度な五月病にかかっているようだ。

Informal

"重度なオタク"

— A 'hardcore' or 'severe' otaku. Used humorously or critically to describe intense fandom.

彼女は重度なアニメオタクだ。

Slang

"重度な方向音痴"

— A severe lack of sense of direction. Someone who gets lost very easily.

私は重度な方向音痴で、家の中でも迷う。

Informal

"重度な人見知り"

— Severe shyness or fear of strangers.

重度な人見知りを直したい。

Neutral

"重度な潔癖症"

— Severe mysophobia (obsession with cleanliness).

彼は重度な潔癖症で、他人の家に入れない。

Neutral

"重度な冷え性"

— Severe sensitivity to cold temperatures, especially in hands and feet.

冬は重度な冷え性に悩まされる。

Neutral

"重度な花粉症"

— Severe hay fever. Very common in Japan during spring.

重度な花粉症で外出が辛い。

Neutral

"重度な猫舌"

— A 'severe' cat tongue (someone who cannot handle hot food at all).

重度な猫舌なので、ラーメンがなかなか食べられない。

Informal

"重度なホームシック"

— Severe homesickness.

留学してすぐ重度なホームシックになった。

Neutral

Leicht verwechselbar

重度な vs 甚大な

Both mean 'serious/immense'.

甚大な is used for physical damage or loss (like from a storm), whereas 重度な is for a state of health or function.

甚大な被害 (immense damage) vs 重度な病気 (severe illness).

重度な vs 致命的な

Both imply a high level of seriousness.

致命的な implies it will result in death or total failure, while 重度な just means 'very severe' and might be treatable.

致命的なミス (fatal mistake) vs 重度な不具合 (severe bug/defect).

重度な vs 過酷な

Both describe bad conditions.

過酷な describes the environment or circumstances (harsh), while 重度な describes the internal state of a person or thing.

過酷な環境 (harsh environment) vs 重度なストレス (severe stress).

重度な vs 重大な

Both mean 'important/serious'.

重大な means 'of great importance' or 'consequential,' whereas 重度な means 'of high severity degree.'

重大な決定 (important decision) vs 重度な障害 (severe disability).

重度な vs 難解な

Sometimes confused in academic contexts.

難解な means 'difficult to understand,' while 重度な means 'severe.'

難解な問題 (difficult problem to solve) vs 重度な問題 (severe problem).

Satzmuster

[Noun] は [重度な] [Noun] です。

これは重度な病気です。

[重度な] [Noun] があります。

重度なアレルギーがあります。

[重度な] [Noun] に悩んでいます。

重度な不眠症に悩んでいます。

[重度な] [Noun] と診断されました。

重度な肺炎と診断されました。

[重度な] [Noun] を伴う [Noun]。

重度な障害を伴う難病。

[重度な] [Noun] への対応が求められる。

重度なハラスメントへの対応が求められる。

[重度な] [Noun] を負いました。

重度な火傷を負いました。

[重度な] [Noun] が見つかりました。

重度な欠陥が見つかりました。

Wortfamilie

Substantive

重度 (Severity)

軽度 (Mildness)

中等度 (Moderateness)

Verben

重なる (To pile up - related root)

重んじる (To value/respect - related root)

Adjektive

重い (Heavy/Serious)

重ね重ね (Repeatedly)

Verwandt

最重度 (Highest severity)

程度 (Degree)

重傷 (Serious injury)

重体 (Critical condition)

重病 (Serious illness)

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frequency

Common in medical, social welfare, and news reporting.

Häufige Fehler

重度な雨 → 激しい雨 / ひどい雨
'重度な' is for states of being or conditions, not for weather intensity.
重度な喜び → 大きな喜び / 最高の喜び
'重度な' is only used for negative or pathological conditions.
彼は重度です → 彼は重度な障害を持っています
You must specify what is severe; describing a person directly as 'severe' is vague and potentially rude.
重度な経済問題 → 深刻な経済問題
Use '深刻な' for abstract social or economic problems.
重度な痛み → 激しい痛み
While '重度な' is sometimes used, '激しい' is much more common for the sensation of pain.

Tipps

Medical Context

Always use '重度な' or '重度の' when discussing formal medical classifications like 'severe autism' or 'severe burns'.

Na vs No

If you are unsure, '重度の' is a safe bet for formal writing, but '重度な' is great for adding a descriptive feel to your speech.

Opposites

Memorize '軽度' (mild), '中等度' (moderate), and '重度' (severe) as a set to understand the scale of severity in Japanese.

Common Pairs

Learn it with '障害' (disability) and '依存症' (addiction) as these are the most frequent pairings.

Formal Situations

Use this word in business or medical meetings to sound more professional and precise than using 'ひどい'.

Kanji Practice

Practice writing 重 (heavy) and 度 (degree) together. The stroke order for 重 can be tricky, so pay attention to the middle part.

Avoid Exaggeration

Don't use '重度な' for small things like a paper cut. It makes you sound like you are overreacting.

News Keywords

When you hear 'jūdo' on the news, it's often followed by 'shōgaisha' (disabled person) or 'kanja' (patient).

Social Welfare

Understanding '重度' will help you understand how Japanese society classifies and supports people with high needs.

Judo Analogy

Remember: A 'Heavy' (Jū) 'Degree' (Do) of Judo is a severe situation!

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of 'Judo' (the sport) being 'Heavy' (Jū). If you get hit with a heavy degree of Judo, it's 'Jūdo-na' (severe).

Visuelle Assoziation

Imagine a scale where the pointer is all the way to the right under a heavy weight labeled 'Jū'.

Word Web

重い (Heavy) 度 (Degree) 障害 (Disability) 病院 (Hospital) 深刻 (Serious) 軽度 (Mild) 病気 (Illness) 症状 (Symptom)

Herausforderung

Try to find a news article about '重度な障害' and see how many times the word appears compared to '軽度'.

Wortherkunft

Composed of two Sino-Japanese characters (Kango). '重' (heavy) and '度' (degree).

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: A heavy or significant degree of something.

Sino-Japanese (Kango)

Kultureller Kontext

Be careful when using this to describe people; focus on the condition or the disability, not the person as a whole, to remain respectful.

In English, we might use 'severe' or 'profound' for disabilities. '重度な' maps closely to 'severe'.

Medical dramas like 'Doctor X' often use this word. Welfare laws like the 'Services and Supports for Persons with Disabilities Act'. News reports on the '8050 problem' (elderly parents caring for middle-aged children with severe needs).

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Hospital

重度な症状
重度な痛み
重度な感染症
重度なアレルギー

Social Welfare Office

重度な障害者
重度な認定
重度な介護
重度な手当

News Report

重度な被害
重度な欠陥
重度な汚染
重度な問題

Psychology Clinic

重度なうつ病
重度な依存症
重度なストレス
重度な不眠

School/Education

重度な知的障害
重度な学習障害
重度な発達障害
重度な支援

Gesprächseinstiege

"重度なアレルギーを持っている人は、外食が大変そうですね。"

"重度な不眠症を治すには、どんな方法がいいと思いますか？"

"最近、重度なゲーム依存症が社会問題になっていますね。"

"重度な障害を持つ方のために、どんな街づくりが必要でしょうか？"

"重度なストレスを感じたとき、あなたはどうやってリラックスしますか？"

Tagebuch-Impulse

もし重度な花粉症になったら、春の生活はどう変わると思いますか？

重度な依存症を防ぐために、私たちができることは何でしょうか？

重度な障害を持つ人々がもっと暮らしやすい社会にするためのアイデアを書いてください。

今までで一番重度な怪我や病気をした時の経験を教えてください。

『重度な』という言葉をニュースで聞いた時、どんな印象を持ちますか？

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

Generally, no. For a headache, 'ひどい頭痛' (hidoi zutsū) or '激しい頭痛' (hageshii zutsū) is much more natural. '重度な' sounds like a clinical classification you'd see on a medical chart.

'重度な' is a na-adjective that emphasizes the descriptive quality of being severe. '重度の' uses the particle 'no' to link the noun 'severity' to another noun. '重度の' is slightly more common in formal medical writing, while '重度な' is often used in descriptive sentences.

No, '重度な' is strictly for negative or pathological states. You would never say '重度な幸せ' (severe happiness).

The opposite of '重度な' is '軽度な' (keido-na), meaning 'mild' or 'light degree.' For example, '軽度な風邪' (a mild cold).

No. For severe weather, use '激しい' (hageshii) for intensity or 'ひどい' (hidoi) for bad conditions. '重度な' is for states of being or conditions of objects.

Yes, but '重大なミス' (jūdai-na misu - serious mistake) is more common. '重度な' might be used if the mistake is viewed as a 'defect' in a system.

Yes, '重度' is a noun meaning 'severity.' You can say '重度が高い' (the severity is high), though it's less common than using it as an adjective.

It is considered B1. While the kanji are learned earlier, the specific clinical and formal usage is expected of intermediate learners.

It is a formal, neutral word. It is not 'polite' (keigo) in itself, but it is appropriate for professional and respectful contexts.

You should use it to modify a noun describing a person's condition, like '重度な障害のある人' (a person with a severe disability), rather than just saying 'a severe person'.

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