Koreanische Verneinung: Wie man „nicht“ benutzt (안)
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
To make a sentence negative in Korean, simply place '안' directly before the verb or adjective.
- Place '안' before the verb: '안 먹어요' (I do not eat).
- Place '안' before the adjective: '안 예뻐요' (It is not pretty).
- For 'Noun + 하다' verbs, place '안' before '하다': '안 공부해요' (I do not study).
Overview
안 dein bester Freund für ein schnelles „nicht“ oder „kein“.Word Order Rules
안 benutzt, springt es direkt vor das Verb. Es ist wie ein Bodyguard für das Aktionswort.안 + 가요 (geht nicht). 안 + 먹어요 (isst nicht). Lass es nicht zum Satzanfang wandern!How This Grammar Works
-지 않다) ist für Aufsätze oder Nachrichten gedacht. 안 ist das coole, lockere Geschwisterchen.
Formation Pattern
가다).
가요).
안 direkt vor das konjugierte Wort.
가요 (ich gehe) → 안 가요 (ich gehe nicht).
Pattern Variations
-하다-Verben sind die kniffligen. Diese bestehen meist aus Nomen + 하다. Bei diesen kommt 안 zwischen das Nomen und 하다.- 공부하다 (studieren) → 공부 안 해요 (Richtig).
-하다 bleibt 안 jedoch ganz vorne.
Real Conversations
Sprecher A: Gehst du am Wochenende zur Party?
Sprecher B: Nein, ich gehe nicht. Ich schaue Netflix.
Common Mistakes
안 als 않 zu schreiben. Merk dir: 안 steht allein vor dem Verb. 않 gibt es nur in der Langform -지 않다.Quick FAQ
Kann ich es mit 있다 benutzen?
Nein! Benutze stattdessen 없다.
Negation Formation
| Affirmative | Negative | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
|
가다
|
안 가요
|
Don't go
|
|
먹다
|
안 먹어요
|
Don't eat
|
|
예쁘다
|
안 예뻐요
|
Not pretty
|
|
공부하다
|
공부 안 해요
|
Don't study
|
|
좋다
|
안 좋아요
|
Not good
|
|
바쁘다
|
안 바빠요
|
Not busy
|
Meanings
The particle '안' is the most common way to negate verbs and adjectives in Korean, equivalent to 'not' in English.
General Negation
Used to negate an action or a state.
“저는 안 가요.”
“날씨가 안 좋아요.”
Reference Table
| Verb-Typ | Positiv | Negativ (안) | Bedeutung |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Normales Verb
|
가요
|
안 가요
|
Gehe nicht
|
|
Adjektiv
|
비싸요
|
안 비싸요
|
Nicht teuer
|
|
Action -하다 Verb
|
공부해요
|
공부 안 해요
|
Lerne nicht
|
|
Action -하다 Verb
|
요리해요
|
요리 안 해요
|
Koche nicht
|
|
Beschreibendes -하다
|
친절해요
|
안 친절해요
|
Nicht nett
|
|
Vergangenheit
|
봤어요
|
안 봤어요
|
Habe nicht gesehen
|
|
Spezial-Verb
|
있어요
|
없어요 (Nicht 안 있어요)
|
Habe nicht / Ist nicht da
|
Formalitätsspektrum
먹지 않습니다. (Daily life)
안 먹어요. (Daily life)
안 먹어. (Daily life)
안 먹어! (Daily life)
Koreanische Verneinungstypen
Kurzform (안)
- 안 가요 Gehe nicht
- 안 예뻐요 Nicht hübsch
Langform (-지 않다)
- 가지 않아요 Gehe nicht (Formell)
Besondere Verben
- 없어요 Habe nicht
- 모르다 Nicht wissen
안 (Wille) vs 못 (Fähigkeit)
Wie man mit 안 verneint
Ist es das Verb '있다'?
Ist es ein Action -하다 Verb?
Beispiele nach Kategorie
Alltag
- • 안 가요
- • 안 와요
- • 안 자요
Gefühle/Zustände
- • 안 좋아요
- • 안 슬퍼요
- • 안 매워요
Lernen/Arbeit
- • 공부 안 해요
- • 일 안 해요
- • 숙제 안 해요
Beispiele nach Niveau
저는 안 먹어요.
I do not eat.
안 가요.
I am not going.
안 예뻐요.
It is not pretty.
안 좋아요.
It is not good.
오늘 학교에 안 가요.
I am not going to school today.
커피를 안 마셔요.
I do not drink coffee.
그 영화는 안 재미있어요.
That movie is not interesting.
숙제를 안 했어요.
I did not do homework.
그는 오늘 회사에 안 올 거예요.
He will not come to work today.
저는 매운 음식을 안 먹어요.
I do not eat spicy food.
이 가방은 안 비싸요.
This bag is not expensive.
어제는 안 바빴어요.
I was not busy yesterday.
그가 왜 안 오는지 모르겠어요.
I don't know why he isn't coming.
저는 그런 말을 안 했어요.
I did not say such a thing.
날씨가 안 좋아서 안 나갔어요.
Because the weather wasn't good, I didn't go out.
그 계획은 안 될 것 같아요.
I don't think that plan will work.
그는 결코 안 올 사람이 아니에요.
He is not the type of person who wouldn't come.
안 가본 곳이 없어요.
There is no place I haven't been to.
그렇게 안 하면 안 돼요.
You must do it that way.
안 먹은 셈 치고 다시 시작해요.
Let's pretend we didn't eat and start over.
안 가느니만 못하다.
It is better not to go at all.
안 본 사이에 많이 컸네요.
You've grown a lot since I last saw you.
안 그래도 연락하려고 했어요.
I was actually just about to call you.
안 하면 손해예요.
If you don't do it, it's your loss.
Leicht verwechselbar
Learners mix up 'not doing' (안) with 'cannot do' (못).
Learners try to use '안' with '있다'.
Learners use '안' in formal writing.
Häufige Fehler
먹어요 안
안 먹어요
안 있어요
없어요
안 공부해요
공부 안 해요
안 예뻐요요
안 예뻐요
안 가고 싶어요
가고 싶지 않아요
안 먹었다
안 먹었어요
안 비싸요요
안 비싸요
안 할 수 없어요
할 수밖에 없어요
안 먹는 중이에요
먹지 않는 중이에요
안 가야 해요
가지 말아야 해요
안 가고 싶어해요
가고 싶어하지 않아요
안 먹어본 적이 없어요
먹어본 적이 없어요
안 할 리가 없어요
할 리가 없어요
안 해버렸어요
하지 못했어요
Satzmuster
저는 ___를 안 먹어요.
오늘은 날씨가 안 ___.
저는 ___를 안 공부해요.
그는 ___에 안 가요.
Real World Usage
안 가!
고수 안 넣어요.
안 해본 일입니다.
안 멀어요.
안 예쁜 곳이 없네.
안 매운 맛으로 주세요.
Rechtschreib-Falle
않 alleine. Das gehört zur Langform. Für die kurze, coole Form nimmst du immer «안», wie in «안 가요».Der 'Hada'-Trick
공부를 해요), dann muss das 안 in die Mitte: «공부 안 해요».Höflichkeit zählt
Smart Tips
Put '안' directly before the verb.
Don't use '안', use '없다'.
Put '안' between the noun and '하다'.
Use '지 않다' instead of '안'.
Aussprache
Liaison
When '안' is followed by a vowel, it flows smoothly.
Falling
안 가요 ↓
Standard statement
Einprägen
Eselsbrücke
Think of '안' as a 'No' sign you hold up in front of the verb.
Visuelle Assoziation
Imagine a giant red 'X' stamp appearing in front of an action, like a person eating.
Rhyme
For a verb that you don't do, put '안' right in front of you.
Story
Min-su wanted to eat, but he was full. He looked at the cake. He said '안 먹어' (I'm not eating). He felt proud of his self-control.
Word Web
Herausforderung
Write 5 sentences about things you are NOT doing today.
Kulturelle Hinweise
Using '안' is very direct. In some polite situations, people prefer '지 않다' to sound less blunt.
Derived from the adverb '아니' (no).
Gesprächseinstiege
오늘 뭐 안 해요?
매운 음식 안 좋아해요?
왜 어제 학교에 안 왔어요?
그 계획이 안 될 것 같아요?
Tagebuch-Impulse
Häufige Fehler
Test Yourself
안 ist das richtige Adverb, das vor das Verb 먹어요 gesetzt wird, um 'nicht' auszudrücken.공부하다 muss das 안 zwischen das Nomen (공부) und 해요.어제) beginnt, muss das Verb in der Vergangenheit stehen (만났어요), während 안 davor bleibt.Score: /3
Ubungsaufgaben
8 exercises저는 커피를 ___ 마셔요.
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
안 있어요.
가요.
Match the negative.
안 / 먹어요 / 저는
공부하다 (negative)
Can you use '안' with '있다'?
Score: /8
Practice Bank
10 exercisesÜbersetze: Es ist nicht kalt.
Wie sagt man 'ich schwimme nicht' richtig?
Verbinde die Paare:
어제 ___ 잤어요.
커피를 않 마셔요.
Bringe in Ordnung: [뜨거워요, 커피가, 안]
Ich mag es nicht.
돈이 ___.
Übersetze: Ich mache keinen Sport.
바빠 안 요.
Score: /10
FAQ (8)
Almost everything, except '있다'.
Directly before the verb.
It's neutral. Use '지 않다' for formal.
Use '못' instead of '안'.
Because '공부' is a noun and '하다' is the verb.
Yes, but '지 않다' is better for formal reports.
No, '안' is for verbs/adjectives.
No, '안' stays the same.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
No + verb
Spanish 'no' is used for everything, while Korean has '안' and '못'.
ne...pas
Korean is a single particle before the verb.
nicht
Placement is the main difference.
~nai
Prefix vs Suffix.
la
Arabic has different particles for different tenses.
bu
Chinese 'bu' is used for present/future, 'mei' for past.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Verwandte Videos
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