B2 · Obere Mittelstufe Kapitel 3

Reporting Trends and Data

6 Gesamtregeln
58 Beispiele
5 Min.
Regeln in diesem Kapitel Schnelle Übung

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of professional data reporting and trend analysis in Korean.

  • Express general tendencies and common habits clearly.
  • Analyze data and provide professional evaluations.
  • Report findings and research conclusions with formal structures.
Speak like a pro: Data-driven Korean mastery.

Was du lernen wirst

Hey there, future Korean pro! Ready to dive into something super cool and surprisingly useful? In this chapter,

Reporting Trends and Data,
you're going to unlock the secrets to sounding really professional and smart when you talk about social tendencies, research, and data in Korean. Even as a beginner (A1!), you'll learn foundational phrases that make you sound like a pro. What exactly will you learn? We'll tackle six powerful grammar patterns, including: * ~는 경향이 있다 (tends to...), perfect for talking about common habits or general inclinations. * ~는 것으로 보인다 (it appears that...), so you can objectively state observations, just like a news reporter! * ~는 것을 시사한다 (suggests that...), to hint at implications from data without being overly assertive. * ~는 양상을 보이다 (shows a pattern of...), for describing how trends or data are changing. * ~는 것으로 나타났다 (it was found that...), an awesome way to report facts and research findings. * And finally, ~는 것으로 평가된다 (is evaluated as...), for giving a professional, data-backed judgment. Why does this matter? Imagine you're watching a Korean news report, reading a simple article, or even just talking to a friend about what's popular among students. These phrases will help you understand and express those ideas clearly and formally. You'll move beyond simple statements and start describing observations, findings, and even simple evaluations with confidence. By the end of this chapter, you won't just know isolated words; you'll be able to professionally describe basic trends you observe, report simple facts, and even suggest what a simple pattern might imply in everyday Korean conversations or when reading basic texts. It might sound complex now, but trust me, we'll break it down so it's super easy and fun. You totally got this!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Synthesize research findings into a coherent report using all six grammar patterns.

Kapitel-Leitfaden

Overview

Hey there, future Korean pro! Welcome to
Reporting Trends and Data,
a pivotal chapter designed to elevate your Korean grammar B2 skills. In this section, you're not just learning new phrases; you're unlocking the ability to articulate observations, research findings, and professional evaluations with the sophistication of a native speaker.
This module is essential for anyone aiming to understand or contribute to discussions on social tendencies, academic research, or statistical reports in Korean. Mastering these patterns will significantly enhance your reading comprehension of news articles and academic papers, and empower you to express nuanced ideas in formal settings.
These advanced Korean sentence structures move you beyond basic statements, allowing you to describe phenomena and draw conclusions with greater precision. Whether you're presenting data, discussing societal shifts, or simply explaining why something is happening, these grammatical tools provide the framework for clear, objective, and impactful communication. Embrace these patterns, and you'll find yourself not only sounding more professional but also thinking more critically in Korean, truly solidifying your B2 Korean proficiency.

How This Grammar Works

This chapter introduces six powerful Korean grammar patterns that are indispensable for reporting trends and data. Let's break them down:
First, ~는 경향이 있다 (tends to...) is used to express general tendencies or inclinations. It attaches to verb or adjective stems. For example: 젊은 세대는 온라인 쇼핑을 선호하는 경향이 있다 (The younger generation tends to prefer online shopping).
Next, ~ㄴ/은/는 것으로 보인다 (it appears that...) allows you to state objective observations or inferences. It's often used when presenting findings. For example: 물가 상승률이 둔화되는 것으로 보인다 (It appears that the inflation rate is slowing down).
The form depends on the verb/adjective and tense (e.g., ~은 것 for past, ~는 것 for present verbs, ~ㄴ 것 for present adjectives).
Third, ~ㄴ/은/는 것을 시사한다 (suggests that...) is perfect for hinting at implications or interpretations from data without being overly assertive. 코로나19는 재택근무의 확대를 시사한다 (COVID-19 suggests the expansion of remote work).
Fourth, ~ㄴ/은/는 양상을 보이다 (shows a pattern of...) describes how trends or data are evolving or presenting themselves. 최근 소비자들은 친환경 제품에 대한 관심이 증가하는 양상을 보이고 있다 (Recently, consumers are showing a pattern of increasing interest in eco-friendly products).
Fifth, ~ㄴ/은/는 것으로 나타났다 (it was found that...) is a go-to for reporting facts or research results. This is very common in academic or news contexts. 설문조사 결과, 응답자의 70%가 만족하는 것으로 나타났다 (According to the survey, it was found that 70% of respondents were satisfied).
Finally, ~ㄴ/은/는 것으로 평가된다 (is evaluated as...) is used for professional, data-backed judgments or assessments. 이 정책은 경제 성장에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 평가된다 (This policy is evaluated as having a positive impact on economic growth).

Common Mistakes

  1. 1✗ Wrong: 경제가 좋아지는 경향 (The economy is a tendency to get better)
✓ Correct: 경제가 좋아지는 경향이 있다 (The economy tends to get better)
*Explanation:* ~는 경향이 있다 is a complete grammatical pattern that requires the verb 있다 (to exist). Simply using 경향 as a noun makes the sentence incomplete or grammatically awkward.
  1. 1✗ Wrong: 보고서가 새로운 사실을 시사해요 (The report suggests new facts [informal])
✓ Correct: 보고서는 새로운 사실을 시사한다 (The report suggests new facts [formal])
*Explanation:* While 시사해요 is grammatically correct as a polite ending, patterns like ~는 것을 시사한다 are typically used in formal, written, or academic contexts where the plain form ~다 (or ~ㅂ니다/습니다 for very formal speech) is more appropriate than ~아요/어요. Using ~다 maintains the objective, reporting tone.
  1. 1✗ Wrong: 결과는 그가 옳다고 나타났다 (The result appeared that he was right)
✓ Correct: 결과는 그가 옳다는 것으로 나타났다 (The result showed that he was right)
*Explanation:* When reporting a finding about a statement or fact, ~다는 것 (that S is true) or ~ㄴ/은/는 것 (nominalizer) is crucial before ~으로 나타났다. The ~다고 structure is for direct/indirect quotation and doesn't fit the
it was found that
meaning as well as the nominalized form.

Real Conversations

A

A

최근 발표된 자료를 보니, 젊은층의 주거비 부담이 증가하는 경향이 있는 것 같아요. (Looking at the recently published data, it seems that the housing cost burden for young people tends to increase.)
B

B

네, 맞아요. 정부 통계에 따르면, 지난 5년간 주거비 지출이 꾸준히 늘어나는 것으로 나타났습니다. (Yes, that's right. According to government statistics, it was found that housing expenditure has steadily increased over the past five years.)
A

A

이번 연구 결과는 기후 변화가 농업 생산량에 미치는 영향이 크다는 것을 시사합니다. (These research results suggest that climate change has a significant impact on agricultural production.)
B

B

그렇다면, 식량 안보에 대한 새로운 대책 마련이 시급한 것으로 평가되는군요. (In that case, the urgent preparation of new measures for food security is evaluated as necessary, isn't it?)
A

A

새로운 서비스에 대한 사용자들의 반응이 어떤 양상을 보이고 있나요? (What kind of pattern are users' reactions to the new service showing?)
B

B

초기에는 다소 부정적이었지만, 최근에는 긍정적인 평가가 늘어나는 양상을 보입니다. (Initially it was somewhat negative, but recently it is showing a pattern of increasing positive evaluations.)

Quick FAQ

Q

How can I make my Korean reports sound more objective and formal?

Using patterns like ~는 것으로 보인다, ~는 것으로 나타났다, and ~는 것으로 평가된다 will significantly elevate the objectivity and formality of your reports, making them suitable for academic or professional contexts.

Q

Is ~는 경향이 있다 only for negative tendencies?

No, ~는 경향이 있다 can be used for both positive and negative tendencies. For example, «사람들이 건강에 더 신경 쓰는 경향이 있다» (People tend to pay more attention to health) is a positive tendency.

Q

Can I use these reporting trends patterns in everyday conversation?

While they are primarily formal, you can use them in casual conversations if you're discussing a general observation or a piece of information you've heard, especially when you want to sound a bit more thoughtful or informed. However, for very casual chat, simpler expressions might be more natural.

Q

What's the main difference between ~는 것으로 보인다 and ~는 것으로 나타났다?

~는 것으로 보인다 suggests an appearance or inference based on observation (it appears that), while ~는 것으로 나타났다 states a factual finding or result, often from data or research (

it was found that
). The latter implies a more conclusive discovery.

Cultural Context

These advanced Korean grammar patterns are highly prevalent in formal discourse, including news reports, academic papers, business presentations, and policy discussions. Mastering them signals a high level of linguistic proficiency and an understanding of how Koreans convey information objectively and authoritatively. While they might feel a bit stiff for everyday casual chat, their use is crucial for sounding credible and well-informed in more serious contexts.
Native speakers employ these naturally to lend weight and professionalism to their observations and analyses, making them indispensable for anyone aiming for B2 Korean fluency and beyond.

Wichtige Beispiele (6)

1

Yojeum saramdeureun nyuseureul yutyubeuro boneun gyeonghyangi isseoyo.

Heutzutage neigen die Leute dazu, Nachrichten auf YouTube zu schauen.

Neigungen beschreiben: -는 경향이 있다 (Neigt dazu...)
2

Jeoneun seuteureseureul badeumyeon maeun eumsigeul meongneun gyeonghyangi isseoyo.

Ich neige dazu, scharfes Essen zu essen, wenn ich gestresst bin.

Neigungen beschreiben: -는 경향이 있다 (Neigt dazu...)
3

최근 물가가 크게 오른 것으로 보입니다.

Es scheint, dass die Preise in letzter Zeit stark gestiegen sind.

Formelle Schlussfolgerung: 'Es scheint, dass' (-ㄴ/은/는 것으로 보인다)
4

이 사진은 1990년대에 찍힌 것으로 보인다.

Es sieht so aus, als ob dieses Foto in den 1990er Jahren aufgenommen wurde.

Formelle Schlussfolgerung: 'Es scheint, dass' (-ㄴ/은/는 것으로 보인다)
5

최근 1인 가구가 급격히 증가하는 양상을 보이고 있습니다.

In letzter Zeit zeigt sich ein Muster eines drastischen Anstiegs von Einpersonenhaushalten.

Muster aufzeigen: Trends berichten (-ㄴ/은/는 양상을 보이다)
6

물가가 계속해서 오르는 양상을 보여 서민들의 걱정이 큽니다.

Da die Preise ein Muster des kontinuierlichen Steigens zeigen, wächst die Sorge der Bürger.

Muster aufzeigen: Trends berichten (-ㄴ/은/는 양상을 보이다)

Tipps & Tricks (4)

💡

Kritik sanfter verpacken

Nutze diese Grammatik, um dich höflich zu beschweren. Statt direkt zu sagen 'Du bist laut', sagst du 'Du neigst dazu, laut zu sein': «시끄러운 경향이 있어요.»
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Neigungen beschreiben: -는 경향이 있다 (Neigt dazu...)
🎯

Der TOPIK-Geheimtipp

Wenn du den TOPIK II Aufsatz schreibst, lässt dich diese Grammatik sofort wie ein Profi auf Level 5 oder 6 klingen. Nutze es für Datenanalysen wie: «이 문법을 쓰면 점수가 올라갈 것으로 보인다.»
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Formelle Schlussfolgerung: 'Es scheint, dass' (-ㄴ/은/는 것으로 보인다)
🎯

Die 'Big Brain' -음 Endung

In sehr akademischen Texten siehst du oft '-음' anstelle von '-는 것'. Das klingt noch professioneller, zum Beispiel: «실패했음을 시사한다».
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Akademische Schlussfolgerungen ziehen (-ㄴ/은/는 것을 시사한다)
🎯

TOPIK Writing Power-Up

Wenn du diese Grammatik in der TOPIK II Aufgabe 53 (Grafikanalyse) nutzt, schießt dein Score sofort nach oben, weil es super akademisch klingt: «수출이 증가하는 양상을 보이다.»
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Muster aufzeigen: Trends berichten (-ㄴ/은/는 양상을 보이다)

Wichtige Vokabeln (6)

경향 (gyeonghyang) tendency 시사하다 (sisahada) to suggest/imply 양상 (yangsang) aspect/pattern 나타나다 (natanada) to appear/emerge 평가하다 (pyeonggahada) to evaluate 조사 (josa) research/survey

Real-World Preview

briefcase

Analyzing Market Trends

Review Summary

  • Verb + 는 경향이 있다
  • Verb + 는 것으로 보인다
  • Verb + 는 것을 시사한다
  • Verb + 는 양상을 보이다
  • Verb + 는 것으로 나타났다
  • Verb + 는 것으로 평가된다

Häufige Fehler

Tendencies describe ongoing states, so always use the present tense stem.

Wrong: 사람들은 가는 경향이 있다 (People tend to go - using past tense stem)
Richtig: 사람들은 가는 경향이 있다 (Use present tense stem for tendency)

You must attach the noun-modifying form (는/은/ㄴ) to the preceding predicate.

Wrong: 결과가 좋다 것으로 나타났다
Richtig: 결과가 좋은 것으로 나타났다

Korean is an SOV language; the verb comes at the end.

Wrong: 그것은 시사한다 결과를
Richtig: 그것은 결과를 시사한다

Regeln in diesem Kapitel (6)

1

Neigungen beschreiben: -는 경향이 있다 (Neigt dazu...)

B2
Mit dieser Struktur beschreibst du Tendenzen oder Neigungen auf eine fast schon analytische Art. Deine Werkzeuge dafür sind: «-는 경향» für Aktionen und «-(으)ㄴ 경향» für Eigenschaften.
Yojeum saramdeureun nyuseureul yutyubeuro boneun g...
10 Beispiele
2

Formelle Schlussfolgerung: 'Es scheint, dass' (-ㄴ/은/는 것으로 보인다)

B2
Nutze diese Struktur, um objektiv und professionell über Beobachtungen zu berichten, die auf Beweisen basieren. Deine Power-Keywords sind «것으로 보인다» und «보입니다».
최근 물가가 크게 오른 것으로 보입니다.
10 Beispiele
3

Akademische Schlussfolgerungen ziehen (-ㄴ/은/는 것을 시사한다)

B2
Nutze «-ㄴ/은/는 것을 시사한다», um professionell eine Implikation oder Schlussfolgerung basierend auf Fakten auszudrücken. Daten deuten an «시사한다» formell.
이 수치는 경제가 회복되고 있는 것을 시사한다.
10 Beispiele
4

Muster aufzeigen: Trends berichten (-ㄴ/은/는 양상을 보이다)

B2
Nutze dieses Muster für einen professionellen, analytischen Ton bei objektiven Trends, Datenänderungen und formellen Berichten.
Recently, the number of single-person households i...
10 Beispiele
5

Fakten berichten: 'Es wurde festgestellt, dass' (-ㄴ/은/는 것으로 나타났다)

B2
Nutze -ㄴ/은/는 것으로 나타났다, um objektive Daten und Fakten professionell zu präsentieren. Deine Tools: Fakten, Statistiken, Objektivität.
It was found that coffee consumption is increasing...
8 Beispiele
6

Formelle Bewertung: 'Wird bewertet als' (-ㄴ/은/는 것으로 평가된다)

B2
Nutze dieses Muster, um professionelle und datengestützte Urteile in formellem Koreanisch objektiv darzustellen. Deine Werkzeuge dafür sind «평가된다» für die Bewertung, «객관적» für die Objektivität und «공식적» für den offiziellen Rahmen.
이번 신제품은 디자인이 매우 혁신적인 것으로 평가된...
10 Beispiele

Next Steps

You've crushed this chapter! Keep observing the world around you and describing it in Korean. You are doing amazing!

Read a news article in Korean and highlight these patterns.

Continue to: Business and Legal Formalities

Schnelle Übung (10)

Fülle die Lücke aus, um zu sagen 'zeigt ein Muster des Ansteigens'.

최근 수출이 ____ 양상을 보이고 있다.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 증가하는
Da der Satz einen aktuellen, laufenden Trend beschreibt, ist die Präsensform '-는' am natürlichsten.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Muster aufzeigen: Trends berichten (-ㄴ/은/는 양상을 보이다)

Welcher Satz passt am besten in einen akademischen Bericht?

Wähle den korrekten förmlichen Satz:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 결과가 좋은 것으로 보입니다.
'-ㄴ/은/는 것으로 보입니다' ist die objektivste und förmlichste Wahl für Berichte.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Formelle Schlussfolgerung: 'Es scheint, dass' (-ㄴ/은/는 것으로 보인다)

Finde und korrigiere den Fehler im formellen Bericht.

이 기술은 최고인 것 평가된다.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 이 기술은 최고인 것으로 평가된다.
Du musst '으로' einfügen, um die nominalisierte Phrase mit dem Verb '평가되다' zu verbinden.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Formelle Bewertung: 'Wird bewertet als' (-ㄴ/은/는 것으로 평가된다)

Finde den Fehler in dieser Zukunftsprognose: 'Es scheint schwierig zu werden.'

상황이 어려울 것으로 보여.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 상황이 어려울 것으로 보입니다.
'-보여' ist zu locker für dieses förmliche Muster. Nutze '-보입니다' oder '-보인다'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Formelle Schlussfolgerung: 'Es scheint, dass' (-ㄴ/은/는 것으로 보인다)

Finde und korrigiere den Fehler im formellen Bericht.

조사 결과, 만족도가 높은 것 나타났다.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 조사 결과, 만족도가 높은 것으로 나타났다.
Die Partikel '으로' ist in diesem Muster essenziell; man darf sie nicht weglassen.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Fakten berichten: 'Es wurde festgestellt, dass' (-ㄴ/은/는 것으로 나타났다)

Welcher Satz ist für einen formellen Bericht am angemessensten?

Wähle den richtigen Satz:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 데이터는 온도가 올라가는 것을 시사한다.
In formellen Berichten und akademischen Texten ist die schlichte Form (-ㄴ다/는다) der Standard.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Akademische Schlussfolgerungen ziehen (-ㄴ/은/는 것을 시사한다)

Finde und korrigiere den Fehler in diesem Satz (ausgehend von einem aktuellen Trend).

Find and fix the mistake:

경제가 아주 좋아진 양상을 보여요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 경제가 아주 좋아지는 양상을 보여요.
Wenn wir einen Trend beschreiben, der gerade passiert, sollten wir das Präsens '-는' statt der Vergangenheit '-ㄴ/은' nutzen.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Muster aufzeigen: Trends berichten (-ㄴ/은/는 양상을 보이다)

Fülle die Lücke mit der korrekten formellen Form (Präsens).

온라인 쇼핑을 이용하는 사람들이 (증가하다) ______.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 증가하는 것으로 나타났다
Um einen laufenden Trend formell zu berichten, nutzt du das Präsens '-는 것으로 나타났다'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Fakten berichten: 'Es wurde festgestellt, dass' (-ㄴ/은/는 것으로 나타났다)

Welcher Satz klingt für einen Nachrichtenbericht am professionellsten?

Wähle den formellsten und objektivsten Satz:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 경제가 좋아지는 것으로 평가된다.
'-ㄴ/은/는 것으로 평가된다' ist der Standard für objektive, formelle Berichterstattung.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Formelle Bewertung: 'Wird bewertet als' (-ㄴ/은/는 것으로 평가된다)

Fülle die Lücke mit der richtigen Form aus, um auszudrücken, dass der Plan gescheitert ist.

이 결과는 계획이 ________ 것을 시사한다.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: 실패한
Da das Ergebnis bereits sichtbar ist, deuten wir auf ein vergangenes Ereignis (das Scheitern) hin, daher ist '실패한' korrekt.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Akademische Schlussfolgerungen ziehen (-ㄴ/은/는 것을 시사한다)

Score: /10

Häufige Fragen (6)

Beides! Es kommt auf die Endung an, aber der Ausdruck an sich klingt immer ein bisschen intellektuell: «경향이 있어요».
Absolut. Wenn du sagst 'Ich neige zum Verschlafen', passt das perfekt: «늦잠 자는 경향이 있어요».
Nicht ganz! Beides bedeutet 'es scheint', aber '-ㄴ 것으로 보인다' ist viel förmlicher. Du nutzt es, wenn du klare Beweise wie Daten hast, z. B. «결과가 좋은 것으로 보인다».
Klar! Bei Adjektiven hängst du '-ㄴ/은' davor. Zum Beispiel: «문제가 큰 것으로 보인다» (Das Problem scheint groß zu sein).
Eher selten. Es klingt sehr steif und intellektuell. Wenn du es mit Freunden benutzt, hörst du dich an, als würdest du eine Dokumentation moderieren: «이 맥주가 맛있는 것을 시사한다».
시사한다 wird für objektive Daten oder Fakten verwendet. 암시한다 nutzt man eher für subtile Hinweise oder literarische Anspielungen, wie ein Film, der eine Wendung andeutet: «영화가 반전을 암시한다».
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