A stove is an essential kitchen appliance primarily used for cooking. It typically features several burners on its top surface, which provide direct heat for pots and pans. Below these burners, many stoves include an oven, an enclosed compartment designed for baking or roasting food. This versatile piece of equipment allows for a wide range of cooking methods, from simmering and frying to baking and grilling, making it a cornerstone of most kitchens.
A stove is a fundamental kitchen appliance, serving as the primary tool for culinary preparation. It typically comprises a cooktop with multiple burners for direct heat application and an oven for baking or roasting, allowing for diverse cooking methods. This essential piece of equipment is designed to provide controlled heat, facilitating the transformation of raw ingredients into cooked meals. Modern stoves often feature advanced functionalities such as precise temperature control, timers, and various cooking modes to enhance efficiency and versatility in the kitchen.
stove در ۳۰ ثانیه
- A stove is kitchen equipment.
- It's used for cooking food.
- It has burners or an oven for heat.
§ What does 'stove' mean?
- DEFINITION
- A stove is a large piece of kitchen equipment used for cooking food. It provides heat through burners on the top or an enclosed space called an oven.
Imagine a central piece of equipment in your kitchen where all the magic of cooking happens. That's a stove! It's an essential appliance designed to help you prepare various meals, from boiling water for pasta to baking a delicious cake. Stoves come in different types, but their main purpose is always the same: to provide heat for cooking.
She placed the pot of soup on the stove to warm it up.
§ When do people use a stove?
People use a stove every day for countless cooking tasks. It's truly the workhorse of the kitchen! Here are some common scenarios:
- Breakfast: You might use the burners on top of the stove to fry eggs, make pancakes, or boil water for oatmeal.
- Lunch: Heating up leftovers, making a quick soup, or stir-frying vegetables often involves using the stove's cooktop.
- Dinner: For larger meals, you could be roasting a chicken in the oven part of the stove, simmering a sauce on a burner, or boiling pasta in a pot.
- Baking: If you enjoy baking, the oven is indispensable for making bread, cakes, cookies, and casseroles.
- Special Occasions: During holidays or gatherings, the stove becomes even more crucial for preparing elaborate feasts.
Essentially, any time you need to apply heat to food in a controlled way, a stove is what you'll reach for. It's where ingredients transform into delicious dishes!
He turned on the gas stove to start cooking dinner.
Stoves can be powered by gas or electricity. Gas stoves use natural gas or propane, and you'll typically see flames when the burners are on. Electric stoves use heating elements that glow red when hot. Both types are highly effective for cooking, and the choice often comes down to personal preference or what's available in a home.
The electric stove took a few minutes to heat up.
In older or more rustic settings, you might encounter wood-burning stoves, which use wood as fuel for both cooking and heating a room. However, in modern kitchens, gas and electric stoves are the most common.
The presence of a stove truly defines a functional kitchen. Without it, cooking many common dishes would be incredibly difficult or impossible. It's where culinary creativity comes to life, providing the necessary heat to transform raw ingredients into nourishing and delicious meals for families and friends.
§ How to use 'stove' in a sentence
The word 'stove' is a common noun and refers to a piece of kitchen equipment used for cooking. Understanding its grammatical role and common prepositions will help you use it correctly in various contexts.
§ Grammatical role: Noun
'Stove' functions primarily as a noun. It can be a subject, an object, or part of a prepositional phrase in a sentence.
- Subject
- When 'stove' is the subject of a sentence, it performs the action.
The stove is hot.
My new stove has six burners.
- Object
- When 'stove' is the object, it receives the action of the verb.
She cleaned the stove after cooking.
He bought a new electric stove.
§ Common Prepositions with 'stove'
Several prepositions are commonly used with 'stove' to indicate location, purpose, or action. Here are some of the most frequent ones:
- on the stove: This is used to indicate something is placed directly on the cooking surface of the stove.
The pot is on the stove.
Please put the kettle on the stove to boil water.
- in the stove/oven: Used when referring to something placed inside the oven compartment of the stove.
The cake is baking in the stove.
She put the roast in the oven.
- by the stove: Indicates proximity to the stove.
The dog likes to sleep by the stove when it's cold.
- near the stove: Similar to 'by the stove', indicating close proximity.
Be careful when standing near the stove when it's on.
- from the stove: Indicates movement away from the stove or origin.
He took the pan from the stove.
§ Phrases and expressions with 'stove'
While 'stove' is a straightforward word, it can be part of slightly more complex phrases:
- electric stove: A stove that uses electricity to generate heat.
Many modern kitchens have an electric stove.
- gas stove: A stove that uses natural gas or propane as fuel.
Some chefs prefer a gas stove for better temperature control.
- wood-burning stove: A stove designed to burn wood for heat, often used for heating a room rather than cooking.
They have a cozy wood-burning stove in their living room.
§ Putting it all together: More examples
Here are a few more sentences demonstrating how 'stove' can be used in different scenarios:
Please turn off the stove after you finish cooking.
The small kitchen only had space for a compact stove.
She accidentally burned her hand on the hot stove.
§ Similar Words and Usage
The word "stove" is quite common for referring to a piece of kitchen equipment used for cooking. However, there are several similar words that can be used depending on the specific type of appliance or the context. Understanding these differences will help you choose the most accurate word.
- Cooker
- In British English, "cooker" is often used interchangeably with "stove" to refer to the entire cooking appliance, including both the burners and the oven. It's a very general term.
She bought a new electric cooker for her kitchen.
- Range
- In American English, "range" is a common term for an appliance that combines a stovetop (burners) and an oven into one unit. It emphasizes the dual functionality.
The chef demonstrated how to use the gas range for preparing complex meals.
- Oven
- An "oven" specifically refers to the enclosed compartment used for baking, roasting, or broiling food. While a stove often includes an oven, an oven can also be a separate appliance (e.g., a wall oven).
She put the cake in the oven to bake.
- Hotplate/Burner
- A "hotplate" is a small, portable appliance with one or more burners, used for heating or cooking. A "burner" refers to the individual heating element on a stove or hotplate.
He used a single hotplate to boil water in his dorm room.
§ When to use "Stove" vs. Alternatives
"Stove" is a versatile word and is generally understood by both American and British English speakers. It can refer to the entire cooking appliance, or more specifically, to the top part with burners. However, the alternatives offer more precision or are preferred in certain regional dialects.
- Use "stove" when:
- You want a general term for the kitchen appliance used for cooking, including the burners and often an oven.
- You are referring specifically to the top part with burners (e.g., "cooking on the stove").
- You are referring to older, non-electric heating devices like a wood-burning stove.
- Use "cooker" when:
- You are in a British English-speaking context and referring to the entire kitchen cooking appliance (burners and oven).
- Use "range" when:
- You are in an American English-speaking context and referring to a combined stovetop and oven unit.
- Use "oven" when:
- You are specifically talking about the enclosed part used for baking, roasting, or broiling.
- You are referring to a separate, built-in oven.
- Use "hotplate" or "burner" when:
- You are referring to a small, portable heating device.
- You are talking about the individual heating elements on a stove or hotplate.
By understanding these subtle distinctions, you can communicate more clearly and effectively about kitchen equipment.
مثالها بر اساس سطح
She put the pot on the stove to boil water for tea.
Ella puso la olla en la estufa para hervir agua para el té.
Simple past tense, 'on the stove' (prepositional phrase)
My mom is cooking dinner on the gas stove.
Mi mamá está cocinando la cena en la estufa de gas.
Present continuous tense, 'gas stove' (compound noun)
Be careful, the stove is very hot after cooking.
Ten cuidado, la estufa está muy caliente después de cocinar.
Adjective 'hot', 'after cooking' (prepositional phrase)
We need to clean the stove; it's quite dirty.
Necesitamos limpiar la estufa; está bastante sucia.
Infinitive 'to clean', 'quite dirty' (adverb + adjective)
He turned off the stove before leaving the house.
Apagó la estufa antes de salir de la casa.
Phrasal verb 'turned off', 'before leaving' (preposition + gerund)
The new apartment has a modern electric stove.
El nuevo apartamento tiene una estufa eléctrica moderna.
Adjectives 'new', 'modern', 'electric stove' (compound noun)
Can you put the baking dish in the stove's oven?
¿Puedes poner la fuente para hornear en el horno de la estufa?
Modal verb 'can', possessive 'stove's oven'
The chef demonstrated how to use the different settings on the stove.
El chef demostró cómo usar las diferentes configuraciones de la estufa.
Simple past tense, 'different settings' (adjective + noun)
She preheated the oven on the stove to bake cookies.
She preheated the oven on the stove to bake cookies.
The chef carefully placed the pan on the gas stove.
The chef carefully placed the pan on the gas stove.
We cooked a delicious stew on the electric stove for dinner.
We cooked a delicious stew on the electric stove for dinner.
The children were warned not to touch the hot stove.
The children were warned not to touch the hot stove.
My grandmother still uses a traditional wood-burning stove for heating and cooking.
My grandmother still uses a traditional wood-burning stove for heating and cooking.
The broken stove needed to be repaired before we could cook again.
The broken stove needed to be repaired before we could cook again.
He put a kettle of water on the stove to make tea.
He put a kettle of water on the stove to make tea.
The new apartment came with a modern stainless steel stove.
The new apartment came with a modern stainless steel stove.
The chef expertly managed multiple pans on the industrial stove, preparing a gourmet meal for the busy restaurant.
Industrial stove refers to a large, professional-grade cooking appliance. 'Expertly managed' implies skilled handling.
Past tense verb 'managed' followed by a present participle 'preparing' describes simultaneous actions.
Despite the power outage, they were able to heat water for tea on the camping stove, a small but essential piece of equipment.
Camping stove is a portable stove. 'Essential piece of equipment' highlights its importance.
'Despite the power outage' is an introductory phrase indicating a contrasting situation.
She carefully monitored the temperature of the oven on her new smart stove, ensuring the cake baked perfectly.
Smart stove suggests a modern stove with advanced features. 'Monitored the temperature' means watching it closely.
Present participle 'ensuring' explains the purpose of monitoring the temperature.
The antique wood-burning stove in the cabin provided a cozy warmth, creating a rustic and inviting atmosphere.
Wood-burning stove uses wood as fuel. 'Cozy warmth' implies a comfortable heat. 'Rustic and inviting' describes the ambiance.
Compound adjective 'wood-burning' describes the type of stove. 'Creating' is a present participle providing additional information.
He spent hours cleaning the grease off the stovetop, a task he often postponed due to its tedious nature.
Stovetop is the top part of the stove where burners are located. 'Tedious nature' means boring and repetitive.
Relative clause 'a task he often postponed' adds descriptive information about the cleaning.
The instruction manual clearly stated that only specific types of cookware were suitable for their induction stove.
Induction stove uses electromagnetic fields to heat cookware. 'Suitable for' means appropriate for use with.
Passive voice 'were suitable' emphasizes the cookware rather than who deemed it suitable.
After years of reliable service, the old gas stove finally needed to be replaced, as its burners were no longer igniting consistently.
Gas stove uses natural gas or propane. 'Reliable service' means it worked well for a long time. 'Igniting consistently' means lighting up steadily.
'As its burners were no longer igniting consistently' is a subordinate clause explaining the reason for replacement.
They decided to invest in a professional-grade range stove for their newly renovated kitchen, aiming for both functionality and aesthetic appeal.
Range stove often refers to a combination of a stove and an oven. 'Functionality and aesthetic appeal' means it's practical and looks good.
Present participle 'aiming' indicates the purpose behind their investment.
The chef meticulously seasoned the wild boar before artfully placing it into the roaring inferno of the wood-fired stove.
Inferno (strong fire), artfully (skillfully)
Complex sentence structure with descriptive adjectives and adverbs.
Despite the rudimentary nature of their camping equipment, they managed to prepare a surprisingly gourmet meal on a portable gas stove.
Rudimentary (basic), gourmet (high-quality food)
Use of 'despite' to introduce a contrasting idea; 'managed to' implying difficulty overcome.
The antique cast-iron stove, a relic from a bygone era, stood as a formidable centerpiece in the rustic kitchen, radiating a comforting warmth.
Relic (old object), bygone era (past time), formidable (impressive)
Participle phrases ('radiating a comforting warmth') for added description.
Her culinary prowess was evident as she expertly juggled multiple pans on the industrial-sized stove, orchestrating a symphony of aromas.
Culinary prowess (cooking skill), orchestrating (organizing complexly), symphony of aromas (many smells working together)
Metaphorical language ('symphony of aromas') and vivid verbs.
The old woman, with trembling hands, carefully stoked the embers of the pot-bellied stove, ensuring a steady heat for the simmering stew.
Stoked (added fuel to fire), embers (glowing pieces of coal), pot-bellied (rounded middle), simmering (cooking gently)
Detailed description of actions and objects, with a focus on sensory details.
Modern induction stoves, while incredibly efficient, often necessitate specialized cookware, which can be an additional investment for consumers.
Induction (type of heating), necessitate (require), specialized cookware (specific pots/pans)
Formal vocabulary and complex noun phrases ('additional investment for consumers').
The acrid smell of burnt offerings emanated from the neglected stove, a stark reminder of her hasty departure that morning.
Acrid (sharp/unpleasant smell), emanated (came from), neglected (not cared for), stark reminder (clear memory)
Figurative language ('burnt offerings' for burnt food), strong adjectives.
Environmental advocates champion the adoption of cleaner-burning biomass stoves in developing nations to mitigate deforestation and indoor air pollution.
Environmental advocates (people who support environment), champion (support strongly), adoption (take up), mitigate (reduce), deforestation (cutting down trees)
Technical and formal vocabulary, discussing complex societal issues.
The chef, a maestro of molecular gastronomy, often lamented the imprecision of even the most high-tech commercial stoves, preferring the nuanced control of a bespoke induction hob for his delicate reductions.
The chef, a master of molecular gastronomy, often complained about how imprecise even the most high-tech commercial stoves were, preferring the subtle control of a custom induction cooktop for his delicate sauces.
This sentence uses advanced vocabulary (maestro, molecular gastronomy, lamented, imprecision, bespoke, induction hob, nuanced control, delicate reductions) and a complex sentence structure with a participial phrase ('a maestro...') and a subordinate clause ('preferring the nuanced control...').
Despite its ubiquity in modern kitchens, the underlying principles of a conventional gas stove—combustion and heat transfer—remain fundamentally unchanged since their early 19th-century inception.
Even though it's everywhere in modern kitchens, the basic ideas behind a regular gas stove—burning and moving heat—haven't really changed since they were first made in the early 1800s.
This example showcases advanced vocabulary (ubiquity, underlying principles, conventional, combustion, heat transfer, fundamentally unchanged, inception) and a complex sentence structure that introduces a contrast ('Despite its ubiquity...').
The antique cast-iron stove, a relic from the Victorian era, served not only as a formidable cooking apparatus but also as the primary heat source for the entire cottage, its polished surface reflecting the flickering firelight.
The old cast-iron stove, a leftover from Victorian times, was not just a powerful cooking device but also the main way to heat the whole cottage, its shiny surface showing the flickering firelight.
This sentence employs sophisticated vocabulary (relic, formidable, apparatus, primary heat source, flickering firelight) and uses apposition ('a relic from the Victorian era') and an adverbial phrase ('its polished surface reflecting...') to add detail.
Her culinary prowess was such that she could coax extraordinary flavors from the most rudimentary ingredients, transforming them into gastronomic masterpieces with the aid of little more than a well-seasoned cast-iron skillet and a temperamental wood-fired stove.
Her cooking skill was so great that she could get amazing flavors from the simplest ingredients, turning them into food masterpieces with just a well-used cast-iron pan and a tricky wood-burning stove.
This example features advanced vocabulary (culinary prowess, coax, extraordinary, rudimentary, gastronomic masterpieces, aid, well-seasoned, temperamental) and a complex sentence structure with a subordinate clause ('such that she could coax...') and a prepositional phrase ('with the aid of...').
The aspiring chef meticulously calibrated the temperature of the induction stove, understanding that even a fractional deviation could compromise the delicate emulsification of his hollandaise sauce.
The hopeful chef carefully set the temperature of the induction stove, knowing that even a tiny difference could ruin the delicate mixing of his hollandaise sauce.
This sentence uses advanced vocabulary (aspiring, meticulously calibrated, fractional deviation, compromise, delicate emulsification) and a participial phrase ('understanding that even a fractional deviation...') to convey a precise meaning.
In off-grid dwellings, a multifaceted wood-burning stove often serves as the nexus of domestic life, providing heat for cooking, warmth for the inhabitants, and a focal point for communal gatherings.
In homes not connected to the power grid, a versatile wood-burning stove often becomes the center of home life, heating food, keeping people warm, and being a main point for group get-togethers.
This example utilizes sophisticated vocabulary (off-grid dwellings, multifaceted, nexus, domestic life, inhabitants, focal point, communal gatherings) and a complex sentence structure that lists multiple functions of the stove.
The incessant hum of the industrial-grade convection stove permeated the cavernous kitchen, a constant reminder of the relentless pace and high-volume demands of the Michelin-starred establishment.
The continuous hum of the industrial convection stove filled the huge kitchen, always reminding everyone of the non-stop speed and high amount of work needed in the Michelin-starred restaurant.
This sentence features advanced vocabulary (incessant hum, industrial-grade, convection stove, permeated, cavernous, relentless pace, high-volume demands, Michelin-starred establishment) and uses apposition ('a constant reminder...') to add descriptive detail.
With an unparalleled dexterity born of years of practice, the pastry chef deftly manipulated the intricate controls of the state-of-the-art combination steam and convection stove, conjuring ethereal soufflés from mere batter.
With amazing skill from years of practice, the pastry chef cleverly used the complex controls of the advanced combination steam and convection stove, creating light soufflés from just batter.
This example showcases advanced vocabulary (unparalleled dexterity, born of, deftly manipulated, intricate controls, state-of-the-art, combination steam and convection stove, conjuring, ethereal soufflés, mere batter) and a complex sentence structure with a participial phrase ('born of years of practice') and an adverbial phrase ('conjuring ethereal soufflés...').
متضادها
الگوهای دستوری
اصطلاحات و عبارات
"on the back burner"
something that is temporarily not being dealt with or considered, because it is not urgent or important
We've put the plans for a new office on the back burner until the economic situation improves.
neutral"to have a bun in the oven"
(humorous, informal) to be pregnant
Did you hear that Sarah has a bun in the oven? She's due in May!
informal"to cook up a storm"
to cook a large amount of food or very elaborate food
My grandma always cooks up a storm when we visit; there's so much food!
neutral"too many cooks spoil the broth"
if too many people are involved in a task, especially in a leadership role, the result will be spoiled
We're trying to design a new website, but with five people giving conflicting opinions, it feels like too many cooks spoil the broth.
neutral"out of the frying pan and into the fire"
moving from a bad or difficult situation to one that is even worse
He left his demanding job for a new one that paid less and had longer hours; it was truly out of the frying pan and into the fire.
neutral"to stir the pot"
to intentionally cause trouble or make a situation more difficult than it needs to be
He loves to stir the pot by bringing up controversial topics at family dinners.
informal"to have several irons in the fire"
to be involved in many activities or projects at the same time
She's always busy because she has several irons in the fire, from her business to her volunteer work.
neutral"to get hot under the collar"
to become angry or annoyed about something
He got hot under the collar when they started criticizing his work.
informal"to keep the home fires burning"
to keep a home or family life functioning normally, especially when someone important is away
While her husband was deployed, she worked hard to keep the home fires burning for their children.
neutral"to be a flash in the pan"
something that happens only once or for a short period and is not repeated or continued
Many critics dismissed the band as a flash in the pan, but they went on to have a long and successful career.
neutralالگوهای جملهسازی
Subject + verb (be) + a/an + noun.
A stove is a large piece of kitchen equipment.
It + verb (provides) + object (heat).
It provides heat.
Noun + used for + verb-ing + object.
A stove is used for cooking food.
Noun + has/have + noun (plural).
It has burners.
There is/are + noun + prepositional phrase.
There are burners on the top.
Subject + verb (be) + adjective.
A stove is large.
Subject + verb + through + noun.
It provides heat through burners.
Noun + called + noun.
an enclosed space called an oven.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Cooking a meal
- Turn on the stove.
- The stove is hot.
- Cook it on the stove.
Describing a kitchen
- There's a stove in the kitchen.
- My kitchen has a gas stove.
- The stove is next to the sink.
Talking about kitchen appliances
- Do you prefer an electric stove or a gas stove?
- We need a new stove.
- The stove is old.
Safety in the kitchen
- Be careful near the hot stove.
- Don't leave anything on the stove unattended.
- Turn off the stove after cooking.
Cleaning the kitchen
- I need to clean the stove.
- The stove is dirty.
- Wipe down the stove.
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"What's your favorite thing to cook on the stove?"
"Do you have a gas stove or an electric stove at home?"
"What's the most common meal you prepare using your stove?"
"Have you ever had any cooking mishaps involving a stove?"
"What's the first thing you learned to cook on a stove?"
موضوعات نگارش
Describe your ideal kitchen, including the type of stove you would have and why.
Write about a memorable meal you cooked on a stove, detailing the experience and the outcome.
Reflect on the importance of a stove in a home. What would life be like without one?
Imagine you're designing a new, innovative stove. What features would it have and why?
Write a short story where a stove plays a significant role in the plot.
خودت رو بسنج 6 سوال
Write a short sentence about what a stove is used for.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
A stove is used to cook food.
Complete the sentence: I cook dinner on the ______.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
I cook dinner on the stove.
Name one thing you can cook on a stove.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
I can cook eggs on a stove.
What does the person use the stove for?
این متن را بخوانید:
My kitchen has a big stove. I use it every day to make breakfast and dinner. The stove has four burners on top.
What does the person use the stove for?
The passage says, 'I use it every day to make breakfast and dinner,' which means to cook food.
The passage says, 'I use it every day to make breakfast and dinner,' which means to cook food.
What is a stove?
این متن را بخوانید:
A stove is a piece of kitchen equipment. It helps us cook food with heat. Some stoves have an oven inside.
What is a stove?
The passage states, 'A stove is a piece of kitchen equipment.'
The passage states, 'A stove is a piece of kitchen equipment.'
Where is the mother cooking the soup?
این متن را بخوانید:
My mother is in the kitchen. She is cooking soup on the stove. The soup smells very good.
Where is the mother cooking the soup?
The passage says, 'She is cooking soup on the stove.'
The passage says, 'She is cooking soup on the stove.'
/ 6 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
A stove is essential kitchen equipment for cooking food, utilizing burners or an oven to generate heat.
- A stove is kitchen equipment.
- It's used for cooking food.
- It has burners or an oven for heat.
مثال
I am cooking a large pot of soup on the stove for dinner.
محتوای مرتبط
آن را در متن یاد بگیرید
این کلمه در زبانهای دیگر
واژههای بیشتر Home
door
A1A movable barrier used to open and close an entrance to a room, building, or vehicle. It is typically made of wood, glass, or metal and is attached to a frame by hinges.
couch
A1یک مبل یا نیمکت دراز و نرم که چند نفر میتوانند رویش بنشینند. معمولاً در اتاق نشیمن برای استراحت استفاده میشود.
antehospdom
C1To provide preliminary care or hospitality within a domestic setting before a person is admitted to a formal institution or before a formal event occurs. This term describes the transitional phase of home-based management that precedes professional intervention.
booth
B2قرار دادن افراد یا کالاها در غرفهها یا فضاهای جداگانه، که معمولاً در نمایشگاهها انجام میشه.
salon
A2آرایشگاه جایی است که برای کوتاهی یا رنگ کردن مو و سایر خدمات زیبایی میروید.
villa
B1ویلا خانهای بزرگ و مجلل است که معمولاً در حومه شهر یا کنار دریا قرار دارد و برای تعطیلات استفاده میشود.
annex
C1An annex is a supplementary building or structure added to a larger, main building to provide additional space. It can also refer to an additional section at the end of a formal document, such as a treaty or a report, containing supplementary information.
askew
C1وقتی یه چیزی صاف نیست و کج یا نامتوازن شده. برای برنامههایی که طبق نقشه پیش نرفته و به هم ریخته هم استفاده میشه.
accommodation
B2Accommodation refers to a place where someone lives or stays, such as a hotel, apartment, or house, particularly during travel. It also describes a formal agreement, compromise, or a special adjustment made to help someone with specific needs.
armrest
C2To place or support one's forearm on a designated horizontal surface, typically part of a chair or vehicle seat; additionally, it refers to the act of providing or equipping a seating structure with such supports.
