回避 در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Avoidance of something negative.
- Active and deliberate action.
- Can be physical or abstract.
- Often used in formal/technical contexts.
The Japanese word 回避 (かいひ) is a noun that signifies the act of avoiding or evading something. This 'something' can be a physical danger, an unpleasant situation, a difficult task, or even a responsibility. It implies a deliberate action taken to steer clear of a particular outcome or encounter. Think of it as a conscious effort to prevent contact with or involvement in something undesirable.
In everyday conversation, 回避 is often used when discussing situations where one must make a choice to stay away from potential harm or trouble. For instance, in traffic, drivers might perform 回避 maneuvers to prevent accidents. In a more abstract sense, people might seek 回避 from stressful work environments or difficult conversations. It's about actively choosing a path that leads away from a problem rather than confronting it head-on.
The nuance of 回避 suggests more than just a passive lack of engagement; it implies an active process of staying away. This could be due to fear, a desire for safety, or a strategic decision to conserve energy or resources. The word carries a sense of intentionality. For example, a company might implement policies for the 回避 of legal risks. In personal relationships, individuals might attempt the 回避 of conflict by not engaging in arguments. The context will always clarify what is being avoided.
Consider the situations where this word might pop up: discussions about disaster preparedness, personal safety, risk management in business, or even navigating social awkwardness. The core idea remains consistent: taking steps to prevent an encounter with something negative. The word can be used in both literal and figurative senses, making it a versatile term in the Japanese lexicon. The key is that an action is being taken to prevent an undesirable interaction or outcome. It's a fundamental concept related to self-preservation and problem-solving, albeit through a method of departure rather than confrontation.
Understanding 回避 helps in comprehending how individuals and organizations strategize to manage risks and navigate challenges. It’s about the proactive measures taken to ensure one is not subjected to negative consequences. The act of 回避 is a universal human behavior, and this Japanese word encapsulates it effectively. Whether it's dodging a physical object, a difficult question, or a painful memory, the underlying principle of 回避 is present.
The word's usage can range from serious contexts like military strategy or medical procedures to more mundane situations like avoiding a crowded train. The common thread is the deliberate effort to stay away from something. This active avoidance is what distinguishes it from simply not being involved. It's a choice made to ensure a different, presumably better, outcome. The concept is deeply ingrained in how we manage our lives and interact with the world around us, making 回避 a crucial term to grasp for a deeper understanding of Japanese communication.
Using 回避 (かいひ) effectively in sentences requires understanding its grammatical function as a noun and the common verbs it pairs with. It often appears with verbs like する (suru), meaning 'to do' or 'to perform', to form the verb phrase 回避する (kaihi suru), which translates to 'to avoid' or 'to evade'. This is the most frequent way you'll encounter it in action.
Consider a scenario involving physical danger. If a car suddenly brakes, a driver might need to take evasive action. In Japanese, this could be expressed as: 危険を回避するために、急ハンドルを切った。
The word can also refer to avoiding abstract things, like responsibilities or difficult situations. For example, someone might be trying to shirk their duties. A sentence illustrating this could be: 彼は困難な回避しようとした。
In formal writing or speeches, 回避 can be used directly as a noun, often followed by と (to) or は (wa). For instance, discussing policy: その回避策は効果的だった。
Pay attention to the object being avoided. It's often marked by the particle を (o) when using 回避する. For example: 彼は質問を回避した。
The noun form 回避 can also be used with other verbs, though less commonly than する. For instance, one might talk about the 'possibility of avoidance' or the 'necessity of avoidance'. Example: その回避の可能性は低い。
Understanding these patterns will help you interpret and use 回避 correctly in various contexts. Remember that it's about active steering clear, whether from physical threats or abstract challenges.
You'll encounter the word 回避 (かいひ) in a variety of real-world situations, often when discussing safety, risk management, or strategic decision-making. It's not exclusively a formal term; its usage spans from news reports to casual conversations about avoiding trouble.
In news broadcasts, especially those covering accidents, natural disasters, or crime, 回避 is frequently used. For example, a report about a near-miss traffic accident might state: 事故は間一髪で回避された。
In business and economics, discussions about risk management inevitably involve 回避. Companies aim for the 回避 of financial losses or legal liabilities. You might hear phrases like: 投資リスクの回避が重要だ。
In sports commentary, especially sports involving quick reflexes like martial arts or racing, 回避 describes skillful dodging. A commentator might exclaim: 見事な回避でした！
In discussions about health and medicine, 回避 can refer to avoiding certain foods, habits, or medical procedures. A doctor might advise: アレルギーの原因となる食品の回避が必要です。
Even in everyday conversations about social situations, people might use 回避. For instance, when talking about avoiding an awkward encounter: あの人とは回避するようにしている。
You'll also find it in more technical fields like engineering (e.g., avoiding structural failure) or law (e.g., avoiding legal loopholes). The context always clarifies what is being avoided, but the core meaning of active steering clear remains.
When learning to use 回避 (かいひ), English speakers might make a few common errors, often stemming from direct translation or misinterpreting its nuances compared to English equivalents.
One frequent mistake is treating 回避 as a direct synonym for 'escape' or 'flee'. While there's overlap, 回避 emphasizes the *act of steering clear* or *evading*, often proactively, whereas 'escape' can imply breaking free from something already confining. For example, saying 牢獄からの回避
Another common pitfall is overusing 回避 for simple avoidance. English speakers might translate 'I avoided the store' as 店を回避した。
Confusion can also arise with the particle usage. While 回避する typically takes を (o) for the object being avoided, learners might incorrectly use が (ga) or から (kara). For example, saying 危険が回避される
Misinterpreting the formality is another issue. 回避 leans towards formal or technical contexts. Using it in very casual situations might sound stiff or overly dramatic. For instance, avoiding a friend's call might be described with 無視する (mushi suru - to ignore) or simply 出ない (denai - not answer) rather than 回避する.
Finally, some learners might confuse 回避 with words that describe indirectness or omission without active avoidance. For instance, 省略 (shōryaku - omission) means leaving something out, which is different from actively steering clear of it. 回避 always implies an action taken to prevent something.
Understanding 回避 (かいひ) is enhanced by comparing it with similar Japanese words that also relate to avoidance or staying away. Each has its own subtle differences in nuance, formality, and context.
避ける (さける - sakeru): This is the most common and general verb for 'to avoid'. It can be used in a wide range of situations, from avoiding physical objects (like stepping aside to avoid bumping into someone) to avoiding problems or difficult conversations. 回避 is often considered a more formal or technical term than 避ける. For example, you might say 雨を避ける。
無視する (むしする - mushi suru): This means 'to ignore' or 'to disregard'. While ignoring something can be a form of avoidance, 回避 implies a more active effort to steer clear, whereas 無視する suggests simply not paying attention or acknowledging. For instance, you might 無視する a rude comment, but you would 回避 a dangerous situation.
逃れる (のがれる - nogareru): This verb means 'to escape', 'to flee', or 'to get away from' something, often implying a sense of being trapped or pursued. It suggests liberation from a difficult or dangerous situation. 回避 is about preventing the situation from happening or engaging with it in the first place. 追跡から逃れる。
免れる (まぬかれる - manukerareru): This is often used in the passive form 免れる (manukerareru), meaning 'to be spared', 'to be exempted', or 'to escape (a negative fate)'. It implies being fortunate enough to avoid something bad. For example, 災難を免れる。
除外する (じょがいする - jogai suru): This means 'to exclude' or 'to except'. It's about deliberately leaving something out of a group or consideration. 回避 is more about personal action to stay away from something, while 除外する is about making something not part of a set. For example, リストから彼を除外する。
In summary, 回避 is best understood as a deliberate, often formal, act of steering clear of something significant, whereas 避ける is more general, 無視する is about ignoring, 逃れる is about escaping, 免れる is about being spared, and 除外する is about excluding.
چقدر رسمی است؟
نکته جالب
While '回避' itself is a fairly direct term, the kanji '回' (kai) implies a more circuitous route or a strategic maneuver rather than a direct confrontation. This subtle nuance suggests that avoidance might sometimes involve a more complex or indirect approach.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing the 'i' sound as a short 'i' like in 'kit'. It should be a long 'ee' sound.
- Adding an extra syllable or misplacing the stress.
- Confusing it with similar-sounding words.
سطح دشواری
At B2 level, learners can understand the main ideas of complex text. '回避' often appears in contexts related to risk management, safety, or formal discussions, which might contain specialized vocabulary. However, the core meaning is usually discernible from context.
Using '回避' correctly in writing, especially in formal contexts, requires understanding its nuances and appropriate collocations. Learners might struggle with choosing between '回避' and simpler alternatives like '避ける' or using it in compound words.
Speaking requires a good grasp of register. While '回避する' is usable, learners might default to '避ける' in casual conversation. Using '回避' appropriately in more formal speaking situations would be challenging.
Similar to reading, learners need to pick up on the context to understand when '回避' is being used, especially in formal speeches or news reports. The pronunciation is relatively straightforward, but the meaning can be context-dependent.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
Using the particle を (o) with verbs indicating avoidance.
Most verbs that involve actively steering clear of something, like 回避する (kaihi suru) and 避ける (sakeru), take the direct object particle を (o) to indicate what is being avoided. Example: 彼は危険を回避した。(Kare wa kiken o kaihi shita.) - He avoided the danger.
The passive form of verbs ending in -suru.
Verbs like 回避する can be made passive by changing する (suru) to される (sareru). This is often used when something is avoided by external forces or by someone else. Example: 事故は回避された。(Jiko wa kaihi sareta.) - The accident was avoided.
Using ～ために (tame ni) to express purpose.
This structure is commonly used with verbs indicating avoidance to explain the reason for the avoidance. Example: 渋滞を回避するために、早めに家を出た。(Jūtai o kaihi suru tame ni, hayame ni ie o deta.) - I left home early in order to avoid traffic jams.
Using ～ないように (nai yō ni) to express the intention of avoiding something.
This pattern indicates an effort to prevent something from happening. Example: 彼は遅刻しないように、目覚ましを３つかけた。(Kare wa chikoku shinai yō ni, mezamashi o mittsu kaketa.) - He set three alarms so as not to be late (to avoid being late).
The use of の (no) to nominalize verbs or clauses, allowing them to function as nouns.
This is often seen when discussing the act of avoidance itself. Example: 遅刻しないことは大切だ。(Chikoku shinai koto wa taisetsu da.) - Not being late (avoiding lateness) is important.
مثالها بر اساس سطح
あぶない！
Dangerous!
Simple exclamation of danger.
そこへ いかないで。
Don't go there.
Negative imperative for movement.
くるま、くる！
Car, coming!
Simple warning about an approaching object.
ストップ！
Stop!
Direct command.
こっちへ きて。
Come here.
Simple invitation.
それは だめ。
That is no good.
Expressing prohibition.
さあ、にげよう。
Come on, let's run away.
Suggestion for group action.
ちょうだい。
Please give me.
Polite request.
あぶないみちを さけましょう。
Let's avoid the dangerous road.
Using 避ける (sakeru) for simple avoidance.
このへやに はいるな。
Do not enter this room.
Prohibition using a verb.
つめたいものを さけてください。
Please avoid cold things.
Polite request to avoid something.
おおぜいのひとを さけたいです。
I want to avoid crowds.
Expressing a desire to avoid.
わるいひとに ちかづかないで。
Don't go near bad people.
Warning against approaching.
むりなことは しない。
I won't do impossible things.
Avoiding difficult tasks.
しつれいな ことばは つかわない。
I don't use rude words.
Avoiding offensive language.
この ざつしは よまない。
I don't read this magazine.
Choosing not to engage with something.
危険な場所への立ち入りを回避するように指示された。
We were instructed to avoid entering dangerous areas.
Using 回避する in a formal instruction context.
彼は無責任な発言を回避しようとした。
He tried to avoid irresponsible remarks.
Avoiding abstract concepts like remarks.
この薬は副作用の回避を目的としています。
This medicine aims at avoiding side effects.
Noun form used with 目的 (purpose).
会議での対立を回避するために、事前に話し合った。
We discussed beforehand to avoid confrontation at the meeting.
Avoiding conflict through preparation.
渋滞を回避するため、別のルートを選んだ。
To avoid traffic jams, I chose a different route.
Using 回避する for practical avoidance.
その話題は、場の空気を乱さないための回避策だった。
That topic was an avoidance measure to not disrupt the atmosphere.
Noun form used with 策 (measure).
彼は責任の回避を試みたが、失敗した。
He attempted to avoid responsibility, but failed.
Avoiding responsibility.
アレルギー反応を回避するには、原因物質を断つ必要がある。
To avoid allergic reactions, it is necessary to cut out the causal substances.
Avoiding negative health outcomes.
緊急時の回避策について、詳細な計画が立てられた。
A detailed plan was made regarding emergency avoidance measures.
Formal noun usage with 'measures'.
政治的な駆け引きの中で、直接的な対立の回避が図られた。
In political maneuvering, an avoidance of direct confrontation was sought.
Abstract avoidance in a strategic context.
このソフトウェアは、サイバー攻撃の回避に特化している。
This software specializes in the avoidance of cyber attacks.
Technical usage in cybersecurity.
彼は、不必要な議論を回避するために、言葉を選んでいた。
He chose his words carefully to avoid unnecessary arguments.
Active avoidance of verbal conflict.
経済的リスクの回避は、多くの企業の最優先課題である。
The avoidance of economic risks is a top priority for many companies.
Formal noun usage in business context.
事故の回避には、日頃からの安全意識が不可欠だ。
Daily safety awareness is essential for the avoidance of accidents.
Connecting awareness to accident avoidance.
彼は、過去の失敗からの教訓を活かし、同様の過ちの回避に努めた。
He utilized lessons from past failures and strived for the avoidance of similar mistakes.
Learning from the past to avoid future mistakes.
この設計は、構造的な負荷の回避を考慮している。
This design considers the avoidance of structural loads.
Engineering context: avoiding structural stress.
その芸術家は、既成概念の回避を試み、常に革新的な表現を追求している。
The artist attempts to avoid conventional notions, constantly pursuing innovative expressions.
Sophisticated use of '回避' in an artistic context.
現代社会における情報過多の状況下で、意図的な情報回避戦略が求められることもある。
Under conditions of information overload in modern society, intentional information avoidance strategies may sometimes be required.
Discussing intentional 'avoidance' as a strategy.
外交交渉においては、相手国の感情を回避しつつ、国益を最大限に確保することが至難の業である。
In diplomatic negotiations, it is an extremely difficult task to maximize national interests while avoiding offending the other country's sentiments.
Nuanced avoidance in diplomacy.
彼の文学作品は、社会的なタブーの回避ではなく、むしろそれらに正面から向き合う姿勢を示している。
His literary works demonstrate an attitude of confronting social taboos directly, rather than avoiding them.
Contrasting 'avoidance' with 'confrontation'.
経済学における「行動経済学」は、従来の経済モデルが前提とする合理性の回避を試みている。
Behavioral economics in economics attempts to avoid the rationality assumed by traditional economic models.
Academic context: avoiding assumptions.
技術革新の過程で、既存の技術体系の回避は、時に大きなブレークスルーを生み出す。
In the process of technological innovation, avoiding existing technological frameworks sometimes creates major breakthroughs.
Innovation through avoiding established norms.
倫理的なジレンマに直面した際、安易な回避は、長期的に見てより深刻な問題を引き起こしかねない。
When faced with ethical dilemmas, easy avoidance can, in the long run, lead to more serious problems.
Critiquing simple avoidance of ethical issues.
その作曲家は、伝統的な音楽形式からの回避を試み、独自のサウンドスケープを創造した。
The composer attempted to avoid traditional musical forms, creating a unique soundscape.
Artistic innovation through avoidance.
彼の著作における哲学的探求は、形而上学的な難問の回避ではなく、むしろそれらとの対峙を通じて新たな地平を切り開こうとする試みであった。
The philosophical inquiry in his writings was not an avoidance of metaphysical dilemmas, but rather an attempt to open up new horizons through confronting them.
Highly nuanced philosophical language.
複雑系科学の観点から見ると、社会システムの安定性は、予期せぬ変動の回避だけでなく、それらへの適応能力にも依存する。
From the perspective of complex systems science, the stability of social systems depends not only on the avoidance of unexpected fluctuations but also on the ability to adapt to them.
Advanced scientific terminology.
ポスト構造主義における「脱構築」の試みは、西洋哲学における根源的な二項対立の回避を意図したものであり、その影響は多岐にわたる。
The attempt at 'deconstruction' in post-structuralism was intended to avoid the fundamental binary oppositions in Western philosophy, and its influence is wide-ranging.
Specialized academic discourse.
現代の臨床心理学では、単なる症状の回避に留まらず、患者の自己肯定感を高め、より建設的な対処メカニズムを育むアプローチが重視されている。
In modern clinical psychology, an approach that emphasizes fostering more constructive coping mechanisms and enhancing patients' self-esteem, rather than merely avoiding symptoms, is valued.
Precision in psychological terminology.
その批評家は、文学における陳腐な表現の回避を称賛する一方で、過度な実験性が時に読者との間に溝を生む可能性も指摘した。
While praising the critic's avoidance of cliché expressions in literature, he also pointed out that excessive experimentation can sometimes create a gap with the reader.
Subtle critique and balanced judgment.
グローバル化の進展に伴い、文化的な摩擦の回避と相互理解の促進は、国際社会における喫緊の課題となっている。
With the advancement of globalization, the avoidance of cultural friction and the promotion of mutual understanding have become urgent issues in the international community.
International relations context.
現代アートにおける「ミニマリズム」は、装飾の回避を通じて、素材そのものや空間の本質を浮き彫りにしようとする。
Minimalism in contemporary art attempts to highlight the essence of materials and space through the avoidance of ornamentation.
Art theory and aesthetic principles.
彼の弁論術は、聴衆の感情に訴えかけることで、論理的な反論の回避を巧みに行っていた。
His rhetorical skill adeptly managed to avoid logical refutation by appealing to the audience's emotions.
Rhetorical strategy and manipulation.
مترادفها
متضادها
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— To avoid, to evade.
彼は危険な状況を回避するために、迅速に行動した。(Kare wa kiken na jōkyō o kaihi suru tame ni, jinsoku ni kōdō shita.) - He acted quickly to avoid the dangerous situation.
— Avoidance measure, countermeasure, strategy to avoid.
この回避策は、リスクを最小限に抑えるだろう。(Kono kaihi-saku wa, risuku o saishōgen ni osaeru darō.) - This avoidance measure will likely minimize the risk.
— Unavoidable, inevitable.
この変化は回避不能だ。(Kono henka wa kaihi funō da.) - This change is unavoidable.
— Collision avoidance.
最新の車には、衝突回避システムが搭載されている。(Saishin no kuruma ni wa, shōtotsu kaihi shisutemu ga tōsai sarete iru.) - The latest cars are equipped with collision avoidance systems.
— Risk avoidance.
リスク回避は、慎重な投資戦略の基本である。(Risuku kaihi wa, shinchō na tōshi senryaku no kihon de aru.) - Risk avoidance is fundamental to a cautious investment strategy.
— Infection avoidance.
手洗いは感染回避の最も効果的な方法の一つだ。(Te-arai wa kansen kaihi no mottomo kōkateki na hōhō no hitotsu da.) - Handwashing is one of the most effective methods of infection avoidance.
— Accident avoidance.
交通ルールを守ることは、事故回避につながる。(Kōtsū rūru o mamoru koto wa, jiko kaihi ni tsunagaru.) - Following traffic rules leads to accident avoidance.
— Tax avoidance.
合法的な税金回避策を検討している。(Gōhō-tekina zeikin kaihi saku o kentō shite iru.) - I am considering legal tax avoidance strategies.
— Avoidance behavior.
子供の回避行動に注意が必要だ。(Kodomo no kaihi kōdō ni chūi ga hitsuyō da.) - Attention is needed for children's avoidance behavior.
— Avoidance of criticism/blame.
彼は非難回避のために、責任転嫁をした。(Kare wa hihan kaihi no tame ni, sekinin tenka o shita.) - He shifted blame to avoid criticism.
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
While both mean 'to avoid', 避ける is more general and common in everyday speech. 回避 often implies a more significant or dangerous thing being avoided and is more formal.
This means 'to ignore'. Ignoring is a passive form of avoidance, whereas 回避 implies an active effort to steer clear.
This means 'to escape' or 'to flee', implying breaking free from something that is already confining or pursuing. 回避 is about preventing engagement in the first place.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— Literally 'to avoid a cat'. This idiom is not commonly used to mean avoiding cats literally, but can imply avoiding something small or seemingly insignificant, or perhaps being overly cautious about minor things.
そんな小さな問題で猫を避けるようなことはしないでください。(Sonna chiisana mondai de neko o sakeru yō na koto wa shinaide kudasai.) - Please don't act like you're avoiding a cat over such a small problem.
Informal— To avoid pouring oil on the fire. This idiom means to avoid saying or doing something that will make a bad situation worse.
議論が白熱していたので、私は火に油を注ぐのを避けるために黙っていた。(Giron ga hakunetsu shite ita node, watashi wa hi ni abura o sosogu no o sakeru tame ni damatte ita.) - The argument was getting heated, so I stayed silent to avoid pouring oil on the fire.
General— Literally 'to avoid mud'. This idiom implies avoiding dirty or morally questionable situations or people, maintaining one's purity or reputation.
彼は泥を避けるように、怪しい集まりには一切顔を出さなかった。(Kare wa doro o sakeru yō ni, ayashii atsumari ni wa issai kao o dasanakatta.) - He avoided shady gatherings entirely, as if to avoid mud.
General— This is a playful twist on the proverb 'fall down seven times, get up eight'. It humorously suggests that even with resilience, there are many instances where one must actively avoid problems or setbacks.
人生は七転び八起き、九度の回避だと言っても過言ではない。(Jinsei wa nanakorobi yaoki, kyūdo no kaihi da to itte mo kagon de wa nai.) - It's no exaggeration to say that life is 'fall down seven times, get up eight, and avoid nine times'.
Informal/Humorous— To avoid trouble or hassle.
彼は面倒を避けるために、いつも早めに仕事を終わらせる。(Kare wa mendō o sakeru tame ni, itsumo hayame ni shigoto o owaraseru.) - He always finishes his work early to avoid trouble.
General— To ward off misfortune or disaster.
人々はお守りを持ち歩き、災いを避けることを願った。(Hitobito omamori o mochiaruki, wazawai o sakeru koto o negatta.) - People carried amulets, wishing to ward off misfortune.
General— To avoid direct mention or reference.
彼はそのデリケートな話題について、直接的な言及を避けるように話した。(Kare wa sono derikeito na wadai ni tsuite, chokusetsu-teki na genkyū o sakeru yō ni hanashita.) - He spoke about that delicate topic, trying to avoid direct mention.
General— To avoid someone's gaze, to not make eye contact.
彼は罪悪感からか、眼を避けるように会話していた。(Kare wa zaiakukan kara ka, me o sakeru yō ni kaiwa shite ita.) - Perhaps out of guilt, he spoke while avoiding eye contact.
General— To avoid controversy or dispute.
彼女は論争を避けるために、自分の意見を控えめに述べた。(Kanojo wa ronsō o sakeru tame ni, jibun no iken o hikaeme ni nobeta.) - She stated her opinion modestly to avoid controversy.
General— Avoidance of conflict or dispute.
平和的な争いの回避が、外交の最優先事項である。(Heiwa-teki na arasoi no kaihi ga, gaikō no saiyūsen jikō de aru.) - Peaceful avoidance of conflict is diplomacy's top priority.
Formalبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both mean 'to avoid'.
避ける is the general verb for 'to avoid' and is used in most everyday situations. 回避 is a noun that implies a more formal, strategic, or significant act of avoidance, often related to danger, risk, or responsibility. For instance, you '避ける' the rain, but you '回避' a major accident or a legal liability.
雨を<mark>避ける</mark>。(Ame o <mark>sakeru</mark>.) - To avoid the rain. / 事故の<mark>回避</mark>。(Jiko no <mark>kaihi</mark>.) - Accident avoidance.
Both can lead to not dealing with something.
無視する means 'to ignore' or 'to disregard'. It's about not paying attention or acknowledging something. 回避 means to actively steer clear of something, to evade it. You might '無視する' a rude comment, but you would '回避' a dangerous situation. Ignoring is passive; avoidance is active.
彼の言葉を<mark>無視した</mark>。(Kare no kotoba o <mark>mushi shita</mark>.) - I ignored his words. / 危険な状況を<mark>回避した</mark>。(Kiken na jōkyō o <mark>kaihi shita</mark>.) - I avoided the dangerous situation.
Both involve getting away from something.
逃れる means 'to escape' or 'to flee', usually from something that is already present and confining or pursuing you (like prison or an enemy). 回避 means to actively steer clear of something, to prevent it from happening or engaging with it in the first place. You '回避' a potential trap, but you '逃れる' from an actual one.
捕まるのを<mark>逃れた</mark>。(Tsumaru no o <mark>nogareta</mark>.) - I escaped being caught. / 危険な<mark>状況を回避した</mark>。(Kiken na <mark>jōkyō o kaihi shita</mark>.) - I avoided the dangerous situation.
Both imply not experiencing something negative.
免れる (often in the passive form 免れる - manukerareru) means 'to be spared' or 'to be exempted from' something negative, often implying good fortune or luck. It focuses on the outcome of not suffering. 回避 is the active process of taking steps to prevent that negative outcome.
災難を<mark>免れた</mark>。(Sainan o <mark>manukareta</mark>.) - I was spared from disaster. / 災難を<mark>回避しようとした</mark>。(Sainan o <mark>kaihi shiyō to shita</mark>.) - I tried to avoid disaster.
Both involve separation from a group or situation.
除外する means 'to exclude' or 'to except' something from a list, group, or rule. It's about making something not part of a set. 回避 is about actively steering clear of something personally. You '除外する' an item from a report, but you '回避' a difficult question.
その項目は<mark>除外された</mark>。(Sono kōmoku wa <mark>jogai sareta</mark>.) - That item was excluded. / 彼は<mark>質問を回避した</mark>。(Kare wa <mark>shitsumon o kaihi shita</mark>.) - He avoided the question.
الگوهای جملهسازی
Noun + を + 避ける (o sakeru)
私は<mark>人混みを避ける</mark>。(Watashi wa <mark>hitogomi o sakeru</mark>.) - I avoid crowds.
Noun + を + 回避する (o kaihi suru)
彼は<mark>危険を回避した</mark>。(Kare wa <mark>kiken o kaihi shita</mark>.) - He avoided the danger.
Noun + の + 回避策 (no kaihi-saku)
この<mark>問題の回避策</mark>を考えよう。(Kono <mark>mondai no kaihi-saku</mark> o kangae yō.) - Let's think of an avoidance measure for this problem.
Noun + を + 回避しようとする (o kaihi shiyō to suru)
彼女は<mark>責任を回避しようとした</mark>。(Kanojo wa <mark>sekinin o kaihi shiyō to shita</mark>.) - She tried to avoid responsibility.
Noun + の + 回避 + が + 目的である (no kaihi ga mokuteki de aru)
この計画は、<mark>損失の回避が目的である</mark>。(Kono keikaku wa, <mark>sonshitsu no kaihi ga mokuteki de aru</mark>.) - This plan aims at the avoidance of losses.
Noun + を + 回避 + すること + は + Adjective/Noun (o kaihi suru koto wa Adjective/Noun)
<mark>無駄を回避すること</mark>は、効率化の鍵だ。(<mark>Muda o kaihi suru koto</mark> wa, kōritsu-ka no kagi da.) - Avoiding waste is the key to efficiency.
Noun + の + 回避 + が + 困難である (no kaihi ga konnan de aru)
この状況下では、<mark>接触の回避が困難である</mark>。(Kono jōkyō-ka de wa, <mark>sesshoku no kaihi ga konnan de aru</mark>.) - Under these circumstances, avoidance of contact is difficult.
Noun + を + 回避 + する + 傾向がある (o kaihi suru keikō ga aru)
彼は<mark>困難を回避する傾向がある</mark>。(Kare wa <mark>konnan o kaihi suru keikō ga aru</mark>.) - He has a tendency to avoid difficulties.
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
High in formal contexts (news, business, technical), Medium in general conversation.
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Using '回避' for simple, everyday avoidance.
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For general avoidance of minor things like crowds or rain, use 避ける (sakeru). '回避' is for more significant or formal avoidance.
Using '回避' for trivial matters sounds overly formal or dramatic. For example, saying '人混みを回避する' (hitogomi o kaihi suru) is less natural than '人混みを避ける' (hitogomi o sakeru).
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Confusing '回避' with 'escape' (逃れる - nogareru).
→
'回避' is about actively steering clear or evading something, often before it happens or engages you. '逃れる' implies breaking free from something that is already confining or pursuing you.
You '回避' a potential trap, but you '逃れる' from an actual one. Using '回避' when 'escape' is meant can lead to misunderstanding.
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Incorrect particle usage with 回避する (kaihi suru).
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The direct object being avoided is typically marked by the particle を (o).
Saying '危険が回避される' (kiken ga kaihi sareru) is incorrect. It should be '危険を回避する' (kiken o kaihi suru) or '危険が回避される' (kiken ga kaihi sareru) in the passive. The particle choice is critical for grammatical correctness.
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Using '回避' in overly casual conversation.
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Reserve '回避' for more formal or serious contexts. In casual settings, opt for simpler verbs like '避ける' or even more descriptive phrases.
Using '回避' in a casual chat about avoiding a friend's call might sound stiff or overly dramatic. It's better suited for discussions about safety measures, business strategies, or significant personal decisions.
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Confusing '回避' with 'ignore' (無視する - mushi suru).
→
'回避' implies active steering clear, while '無視する' means to disregard or not pay attention.
Ignoring a problem might be a passive way to deal with it, but '回避' suggests a more deliberate action to prevent engagement. For instance, you might '無視する' a rude comment, but you '回避' a dangerous situation.
نکات
Mastering Particles
The particle を (o) is crucial when using the verb form 回避する (kaihi suru). It marks the direct object being avoided. For example, '危険を回避する' (kiken o kaihi suru - to avoid danger). Pay close attention to which particle is used with related verbs like 避ける (sakeru) as well.
Build Compound Words
Learning common compound words that include '回避', such as '回避策' (avoidance measure) or '衝突回避' (collision avoidance), will significantly enhance your understanding and usage of the word in specific contexts.
Clear Vowels
Ensure you pronounce the vowels clearly, especially the 'i' sound in 'kaihi', which is a long 'ee' sound like in 'see'. Avoid shortening it, as this can change the word's clarity or sound unnatural.
Visual Associations
Create vivid mental images. Imagine a knight making a '回' (turn) to '避' (avoid) a blow. This visual link between the kanji and the action of active avoidance can be a powerful memorization tool.
Harmony and Indirectness
Understand that in Japanese culture, maintaining harmony can sometimes influence communication. While '回避' is a direct term for avoidance, the cultural tendency towards indirectness might mean it's sometimes used strategically to navigate social situations without causing disruption.
Sentence Construction Practice
Actively try to construct sentences using '回避' in various contexts. Start with simple verb forms like '回避する' and then move to noun forms and compound words. This hands-on practice is crucial for solidifying your understanding.
Distinguish from Similar Words
Regularly compare '回避' with similar words like 避ける, 無視する, and 逃れる. Understanding their subtle differences in meaning, formality, and usage will prevent common errors and enhance your precision.
Real-World Observation
When watching Japanese dramas, news, or reading articles, actively look for instances of '回避'. Try to understand why it was used in that particular context and how it differs from simpler alternatives.
Self-Testing
After learning about '回避', quiz yourself. Try to recall its meaning, its common collocations, and how it differs from similar words. Explain its usage to yourself or a study partner without looking at your notes.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Imagine a knight trying to avoid a dragon's fiery breath. He has to quickly '回' (turn around) and '避' (avoid) the flames. So, 回避 is about turning away to avoid danger.
تداعی تصویری
Picture a person making a wide arc around a large, scary-looking object on the ground. The arc represents '回' (going around), and the act of not stepping on the object is '避' (avoiding).
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Try to describe three situations in your daily life where you might use '回避', even if it's a simple form of avoidance. Think about physical dangers, social awkwardness, or tasks you might postpone.
ریشه کلمه
The word '回避' is composed of two kanji characters. The first character, 回 (kai), means 'to revolve', 'to turn around', or 'to go around'. The second character, 避 (hi), means 'to avoid', 'to shun', or 'to escape'. Together, they literally suggest 'going around to avoid' or 'turning away to escape'.
معنای اصلی: The combination suggests a deliberate action of moving around something or turning away from it to prevent contact or engagement.
Sino-Japanese (Kanji-based)بافت فرهنگی
When discussing '回避', be mindful of the context. While it can refer to avoiding risks or dangers, it can also imply avoiding responsibilities or difficult conversations. The nuance depends heavily on the situation and the speaker's intent.
In English-speaking cultures, direct confrontation is often seen as a sign of honesty or assertiveness. While avoidance exists, the cultural emphasis might lean more towards 'facing' challenges directly. This can create a slight difference in the perceived appropriateness or frequency of using 'avoidance' strategies compared to Japanese culture.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Discussions about safety procedures and accident prevention.
- 事故の<mark>回避</mark>
- <mark>回避策</mark>を講じる
- 安全<mark>回避</mark>マニュアル
Business and financial risk management.
- リスク<mark>回避</mark>
- 損失の<mark>回避</mark>
- <mark>回避</mark>戦略
Traffic and transportation.
- 衝突<mark>回避</mark>
- 渋滞<mark>回避</mark>
- <mark>回避</mark>運転
Health and medicine.
- 副作用の<mark>回避</mark>
- 感染<mark>回避</mark>
- アレルギー<mark>回避</mark>
Politics and diplomacy.
- 衝突の<mark>回避</mark>
- 対立の<mark>回避</mark>
- 外交的<mark>回避</mark>
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"What are some common safety measures people take to avoid accidents in Japan?"
"In what situations might someone try to avoid a difficult conversation?"
"How do companies typically approach the avoidance of financial risks?"
"Can you think of a time you successfully avoided an unpleasant situation?"
"What are the differences between actively avoiding something and simply ignoring it?"
موضوعات نگارش
Describe a time you had to make a decision to avoid a potential problem. What was the situation, and what was your action?
Reflect on a situation where avoiding something might have been easier than confronting it. What were the pros and cons of avoidance in that instance?
Consider a personal goal you have. What are some potential obstacles, and how can you strategize to avoid them?
Think about a time you witnessed someone else successfully or unsuccessfully attempt to avoid a difficult situation. What did you learn from their experience?
If you could create a 'risk avoidance' plan for your daily life, what would be the top three things you'd aim to avoid, and how would you do it?
سوالات متداول
10 سوال避ける (sakeru) is the general verb for 'to avoid' and is used in most everyday situations, like avoiding rain or crowds. 回避 (kaihi) is a noun that refers to a more formal, strategic, or significant act of avoidance, often related to danger, risk, or responsibility. For example, you would '避ける' a puddle, but you would '回避' a potential accident or a major financial loss. Think of '回避' as 'evasion' or 'circumvention' in more serious contexts.
Use 回避する when you want to emphasize the active and deliberate nature of steering clear of something significant, dangerous, or formal. This includes avoiding accidents, risks, conflicts, or responsibilities, especially in contexts like safety reports, business strategy, or formal discussions. In casual conversation about minor inconveniences, 避ける is usually more natural.
Yes, absolutely. While it can refer to physical avoidance, 回避 is very commonly used for abstract concepts. For example, one might talk about the '回避' of responsibility (責任の回避 - sekinin no kaihi), the '回避' of conflict (衝突の回避 - shōtotsu no kaihi), or the '回避' of difficult questions (質問の回避 - shitsumon no kaihi).
Common mistakes include treating it as a direct synonym for 'escape' (where 逃れる - nogareru might be better), overusing it for simple avoidance where 避ける is more natural, and incorrect particle usage (often using が instead of を). Also, misunderstanding its formal register can lead to awkward usage in casual settings.
回避 itself is a noun. However, it is very commonly used with the verb する (suru) to form the verb phrase 回避する (kaihi suru), meaning 'to avoid' or 'to evade'. So, you'll often see it functioning as a verb in sentences.
回避策 (kaihi-saku) is a compound word that means 'avoidance measure' or 'strategy to avoid'. It directly relates to the noun 回避. While 回避 refers to the act of avoiding, 回避策 refers to the specific plans or actions taken to achieve that avoidance.
The passive form is 回避される (kaihi sareru), meaning 'to be avoided'. This is frequently used in news reports or formal statements when an accident or negative event was prevented. For example, '事故は回避された。(Jiko wa kaihi sareta.)' - The accident was avoided.
Yes, there are several idioms related to avoidance, though they might use different verbs. For example, '火に油を注ぐのを避ける' (hi ni abura o sosogu no o sakeru) means 'to avoid pouring oil on the fire', i.e., not making a bad situation worse. '面倒を避ける' (mendō o sakeru) means 'to avoid trouble or hassle'.
In Japanese culture, maintaining harmony (和 - wa) is often valued. This can sometimes lead to a preference for indirect communication and avoiding direct confrontation. '回避' can sometimes be used in situations where confronting an issue might disrupt harmony, though it's not exclusively tied to this. It can be a strategic choice for maintaining social order or efficiency.
Certainly. In automotive engineering, you'll often hear about '衝突回避システム' (shōtotsu kaihi shisutemu), which translates to 'collision avoidance system'. This refers to the technology designed to prevent vehicles from colliding.
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Summary
回避 (かいひ) is the noun for 'avoidance', signifying a deliberate act to steer clear of danger, difficulty, or unpleasantness. It's often used in formal contexts like safety or risk management, implying more than just simple avoidance.
- Avoidance of something negative.
- Active and deliberate action.
- Can be physical or abstract.
- Often used in formal/technical contexts.
Mastering Particles
The particle を (o) is crucial when using the verb form 回避する (kaihi suru). It marks the direct object being avoided. For example, '危険を回避する' (kiken o kaihi suru - to avoid danger). Pay close attention to which particle is used with related verbs like 避ける (sakeru) as well.
Context is Key
'回避' carries a more formal and significant weight than simple avoidance. Consider if the situation involves substantial risk, danger, or a formal procedure. If so, '回避' is likely appropriate. For minor inconveniences, stick to simpler verbs like 避ける.
Build Compound Words
Learning common compound words that include '回避', such as '回避策' (avoidance measure) or '衝突回避' (collision avoidance), will significantly enhance your understanding and usage of the word in specific contexts.
Clear Vowels
Ensure you pronounce the vowels clearly, especially the 'i' sound in 'kaihi', which is a long 'ee' sound like in 'see'. Avoid shortening it, as this can change the word's clarity or sound unnatural.
مثال
最悪の事態を回避することができた。
محتوای مرتبط
این کلمه در زبانهای دیگر
واژههای بیشتر general
いくつか
B1An unspecified small number of things; some, a few.
ちょっと
A2کمی؛ یک لحظه. برای نرم کردن درخواستها یا رد کردن مؤدبانه استفاده میشود.
すこし
A2A little; a few.
さっき
A2کمی پیش; همین چند لحظه پیش.
能力
A1Nouryoku refers to the mental or physical power, skill, or capacity required to perform a specific task or function. It can describe both innate talent and skills acquired through learning and practice.
異常
A1A word used to describe something that deviates from the normal state, standard, or expected pattern. It often implies a problem, malfunction, or an extraordinary occurrence that requires attention or investigation.
～について
A2عبارتی که برای نشان دادن موضوع صحبت یا تفکر استفاده میشود.
〜について
B1عبارتی به معنای 'درباره' یا 'در مورد'.
～ぐらい
A2یک حرف اضافه ژاپنی به معنای 'حدوداً' یا 'تقریباً'.
ぐらい
A2حدود ده دقیقه طول میکشد. (حدود 10 دقیقه طول میکشد.)
