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A1 noun #2,621 پرکاربردترین 5 دقیقه مطالعه

努力

doryoku
تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 努力 در ۳۰ ثانیه
توضیح 努力 in your Level:
At the A1 level, think of 努力 (doryoku) as the formal version of 'trying hard.' You might see it in simple textbooks or hear a teacher say it. It's a noun that means 'effort.' You can use it simply as '努力します' (doryoku shimasu) to mean 'I will try hard.' At this stage, just remember it's a positive word about working toward a goal. It's often paired with the verb 'suru.' For example, 'Nihongo no doryoku' (Japanese effort). It's a good word to know because it shows you are serious about your studies. Even if you don't use it in every sentence, recognizing it helps you understand the Japanese focus on persistence. It's like the 'work' in 'homework' but more about the spirit of the work.
At the A2 level, you should start using 努力 (doryoku) to describe people or habits. You can learn the word '努力家' (doryokuka), which means a 'hardworking person.' This is a great way to describe a classmate or a character in a story. You'll notice that 努力 is used for long-term things like 'studying for a test' or 'practicing sports.' You might see it in signs or posters at school. You should be able to differentiate it slightly from 'ganbaru.' While 'ganbaru' is what you say to cheer someone on, 'doryoku' is what you talk about when you're explaining your progress. For example, 'Doryoku ga hitsuyo desu' (Effort is necessary). It's a noun that can take different particles like 'o' (努力をする) or 'ga' (努力が大事だ).
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At the B1 level, you can use 努力 (doryoku) in more complex sentence structures. You should be familiar with common collocations like '努力を続ける' (to continue effort) or '努力を惜しまない' (to spare no effort). You can use it to talk about your career goals or personal development. At this level, you understand that 努力 is a 'suru-verb' and can be used in the passive or potential forms in formal writing. You might encounter it in news articles about athletes or successful business people. It's also the time to start seeing it in set phrases like '努力の賜物' (the fruit of one's efforts). You should be able to write a short paragraph about why effort is important in your culture compared to Japan using this word.
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At the B2 level, you should understand the deep cultural implications of 努力 (doryoku). It's not just 'working hard'; it's a moral imperative. You will see it in literature and editorials. You should be able to use it to discuss abstract concepts like 'social mobility' or 'meritocracy.' You'll learn related terms like '尽力' (jinryoku) and '精進' (shoujin) and know when to use 努力 instead. You can use it to express nuance, such as '努力の甲斐あって' (worth the effort). In business contexts, you'll use it in formal apologies or proposals to show your commitment. You should also be aware of the 'Doryoku-shugi' (effort-ism) culture in Japan and be able to critique or support it in a debate.
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At the C1 level, you are expected to use 努力 (doryoku) with the precision of a native speaker. You understand its historical roots and its role in the 'Japanese Spirit.' You can use it in high-level academic writing or professional speeches. You'll be familiar with idioms like '点滴石を穿つ' (constant effort can pierce a stone) and how they relate to the concept of 努力. You can distinguish between '努力' (personal effort) and '助力' (assistance from others) in complex interpersonal dynamics. You should be able to use the word to discuss the psychological aspects of motivation and the societal pressures of the 'effort culture' in East Asia. Your usage should include sophisticated modifiers and correct register shifts.
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At the C2 level, your mastery of 努力 (doryoku) includes an intuitive grasp of its philosophical underpinnings. You can engage in deep discussions about the 'Aesthetics of Effort' in Japanese arts like Kendo or Tea Ceremony. You understand how 努力 is used in legal or constitutional contexts (e.g., '努力義務' - the obligation to make an effort). You can interpret the subtle irony or sarcasm if the word is used in a cynical way in modern literature. You can compose complex essays that analyze the evolution of the word from the Meiji era to the modern day. You are comfortable using it in any register, from the most archaic poetic forms to the most cutting-edge corporate jargon, always hitting the perfect tone.
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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

努力 در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • 努力 (doryoku) means effort or hard work toward a goal.
  • It is a highly respected virtue in Japanese culture.
  • It can be a noun or a 'suru' verb (努力する).
  • It is more formal than the common word 'ganbaru'.

The word 努力 (doryoku) is a cornerstone of Japanese social and professional ethics. At its most basic level, it translates to 'effort,' 'endeavor,' or 'hard work.' However, the cultural weight it carries is far more significant than its English counterparts. It represents a continuous, often grueling process of self-improvement and dedication toward a specific objective. Unlike 'luck' or 'talent,' 努力 is seen as a controllable variable that determines one's worth and success in Japanese society.

Etymological Breakdown
The first kanji, 努 (do), consists of 'slave' or 'servant' (奴) and 'power/strength' (力), suggesting an almost sacrificial level of exertion. The second kanji, 力 (ryoku), simply means power or ability. Together, they imply the total mobilization of one's physical and mental resources.
Conceptual Scope
It is not just about the result; it is about the process. In Japanese education, a student who fails but showed immense 努力 is often praised more than a genius who succeeded without trying.

「成功の秘訣は、日々の努力の積み重ねにあります。」

— Common Japanese Proverb regarding success

When used as a noun, it functions as the object of verbs like 'to continue' (続ける) or 'to stack up' (積み重ねる). When combined with 'suru' (努力する), it becomes an active verb meaning 'to strive' or 'to exert effort.' It is ubiquitous in graduation speeches, business mission statements, and sports anime.

「彼は天才ではないが、人一倍の努力家だ。」

— He is not a genius, but he is a harder worker than anyone else.
Grammatical Flexibility
It can be modified by adjectives like 'tireless' (不たゆまぬ努力) or 'fruitless' (無駄な努力), though the latter is used sparingly as it contradicts the inherent value of the act.

Using 努力 (doryoku) correctly requires understanding its role as both a noun and a 'suru' verb. It is most frequently used in formal or semi-formal settings to express commitment. In daily conversation, while 'ganbaru' is more common for 'I'll try my best,' 努力 is used when discussing long-term goals or character traits.

The 'Suru' Verb Form
To say 'I will make an effort,' use 努力します (doryoku shimasu). This sounds more deliberate and professional than 'ganbarimasu.' It implies a planned, systematic approach to a problem.
The 'Doryoku-ka' Compound
By adding 家 (ka), meaning person or specialist, you get 努力家 (doryokuka). This is a high compliment in Japan, describing someone who is naturally hardworking and persistent.

「目標を達成するために、最大限の努力を払います。」

— I will exert the maximum effort to achieve the goal.

In writing, 努力 often appears in the phrase 努力を怠る (doryoku o okotaru), meaning 'to neglect effort' or 'to be lazy.' This is a serious criticism in a professional review. Conversely, 努力が報われる (doryoku ga mukuwareru) means 'effort pays off,' a common theme in Japanese media.

「彼の努力がようやく実を結んだ。」

— His efforts finally bore fruit.

You will encounter 努力 (doryoku) in almost every facet of Japanese life, from the classroom to the boardroom. It is a 'prestige' word that signals sincerity and reliability. If you are watching a sports anime (Shonen genre), 努力 is often the central theme, contrasted against 'natural talent' (tensai).

In Education
Teachers frequently use it in reports. Phrases like '努力を要する' (requires effort) are polite ways of saying a student is failing but has the potential to improve through hard work.
In Business
During apologies (shazai), a company might promise '再発防止に努力いたします' (We will strive to prevent recurrence). It shows a commitment to change.

「合格できたのは、本人の努力の結果です。」

— Passing was the result of the individual's own effort.

In political speeches, candidates often promise '努力を惜しまない' (not to spare any effort) for their constituents. It is a safe, powerful word that resonates with the Japanese value of perseverance (gaman).

While 努力 (doryoku) is straightforward, learners often confuse it with other 'effort' related words or use it in the wrong register. The most common mistake is using it where 'ganbaru' would be more natural.

Doryoku vs. Ganbaru
Ganbaru is an emotional, encouraging term used in daily life. Doryoku is a formal, objective term. You wouldn't usually shout 'Doryoku shite!' to a friend at a race; you'd shout 'Ganbare!'
The Particle Trap
Learners often say '努力をする' (doryoku o suru) when '努力する' (doryoku suru) is more concise. While both are correct, the latter is more common as a verb form.

「❌ 毎日野菜を食べる努力をします。」

— Incorrect: Too heavy for a minor habit.

Another mistake is confusing it with 苦労 (kurou). Kurou means 'hardship' or 'trouble' (often external), whereas 努力 is the internal 'effort' you choose to exert to overcome that hardship.

Japanese has many words for 'effort,' each with a specific nuance. Understanding the differences between 努力 (doryoku) and its synonyms will elevate your Japanese from basic to advanced.

尽力 (Jinryoku)
This means 'to give one's all' for someone else's sake. It is extremely formal and often used in business letters to thank someone for their assistance.
精進 (Shoujin)
Originally a Buddhist term, it means 'diligent devotion' to a craft or spiritual path. It implies a sense of purity and long-term discipline.
奮闘 (Funtou)
This means 'struggle' or 'hard fight.' It suggests a difficult situation where you are fighting against the odds.

「今後も一層の精進を重ねる所存です。」

— I intend to continue devoting myself even further (Formal).

چقدر رسمی است؟

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5
نوشتن 3/5

گرامر لازم

~ために (for the purpose of)

~ように (so that)

~次第 (depending on)

~甲斐がある (worth doing)

~を惜しまない (to not spare)

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

日本語の努力をします。

I will make an effort with Japanese.

Noun + particle 'o' + suru verb.

2

努力は大切です。

Effort is important.

Simple A wa B desu structure.

3

毎日努力します。

I make an effort every day.

Adverb + suru verb.

4

彼は努力の人です。

He is a man of effort.

Noun + 'no' + Noun.

5

もっと努力してください。

Please make more effort.

Te-form + kudasai (request).

6

努力が足りません。

Effort is not enough.

Subject + ga + negative verb.

7

一緒に努力しましょう。

Let's make an effort together.

Mashou form (suggestion).

8

努力は嘘をつかない。

Effort does not lie.

Common motivational phrase.

1

彼は有名な努力家です。

He is a famous hardworking person.

Using the 'ka' suffix for person types.

2

努力を続ければ、成功します。

If you continue your effort, you will succeed.

Ba-conditional form.

3

テストのために努力しました。

I made an effort for the test.

Tame ni (purpose/reason).

4

努力の結果、勝てました。

As a result of effort, we won.

No kekka (as a result of).

5

どんな努力が必要ですか？

What kind of effort is necessary?

Interrogative + noun.

6

彼の努力を認めます。

I recognize his effort.

Transitive verb usage.

7

努力しても、できない時がある。

Even if you try hard, there are times you can't do it.

Te-mo (even if) concessive.

8

努力の跡が見えます。

I can see the traces of effort.

Metaphorical use of 'ato' (traces).

1

目標に向かって努力を惜しまない。

I will spare no effort toward the goal.

Oshimanai (idiomatic 'not spare').

2

彼女の努力がようやく報われた。

Her efforts finally paid off.

Mukuwareru (passive: to be rewarded).

3

努力を積み重ねることが大切だ。

It is important to accumulate effort.

Koto (nominalizer).

4

才能よりも努力が勝ることもある。

There are times when effort surpasses talent.

Yori mo (comparison).

5

無駄な努力はしたくない。

I don't want to make useless efforts.

Adjective + noun.

6

努力次第で道は開ける。

Depending on effort, the way will open.

Shidai (depending on).

7

不断の努力が求められている。

Constant effort is being demanded.

Fudan no (constant/ceaseless).

8

努力を怠ると、すぐに抜かされる。

If you neglect effort, you'll be overtaken immediately.

Okotaru (to neglect).

1

成功の裏には、並々ならぬ努力がある。

Behind success, there is extraordinary effort.

Naminaminaranu (extraordinary).

2

彼は人知れず努力を重ねていた。

He was piling up efforts without anyone knowing.

Hitoshirezu (secretly/unbeknownst).

3

努力の甲斐あって、第一志望に合格した。

Worth the effort, I passed my first choice school.

Kai atte (worth doing).

4

最大限の努力を払うことを約束します。

I promise to exert the maximum effort.

Harau (to pay/exert effort).

5

努力が必ずしも報われるとは限らない。

Effort does not necessarily pay off.

Kanarazushimo... kagiranai (not necessarily).

6

それは本人の努力の賜物と言えるでしょう。

That can be called the fruit of the person's own efforts.

Tamamono (gift/fruit of).

7

環境のせいにせず、自ら努力すべきだ。

One should make an effort oneself instead of blaming the environment.

Subeki (should).

8

努力を継続する力も一つの才能だ。

The ability to continue effort is also a type of talent.

Keizoku (continuation).

1

不撓不屈の精神で努力を貫く。

To carry through with effort with an indomitable spirit.

Four-kanji idiom (yojijukugo) + tsuranuku.

2

血の滲むような努力の結果、頂点に立った。

As a result of blood-soaked effort, he stood at the top.

Chi no nijimu you na (metaphorical intensity).

3

徒労に終わる努力ほど虚しいものはない。

Nothing is as empty as effort that ends in vain.

Torou (fruitless labor).

4

企業の存続には、不断の経営努力が不可欠だ。

Keiei doryoku (management effort).

5

彼は天賦の才に甘んじることなく、努力を惜しまなかった。

He did not rest on his natural talents and spared no effort.

Amanjiru (to be content with).

6

努力のプロセスそのものに価値を見出す。

To find value in the process of effort itself.

Midasu (to find/discover).

7

形だけの努力では、真の成果は得られない。

With only superficial effort, true results cannot be obtained.

Katachi dake (superficial/pro forma).

8

自助努力の精神が、近代化の原動力となった。

The spirit of self-help effort became the driving force of modernization.

Jijo doryoku (self-help effort).

1

凡事徹底こそが、非凡な努力の正体である。

Doing the ordinary thoroughly is the true nature of extraordinary effort.

Bonji tettei (thoroughness in the mundane).

2

その政策は、国民の自助努力を前提としている。

That policy is predicated on the self-help efforts of the citizens.

Zentei (premise/predicate).

3

努力という言葉の背後にある、峻烈な自己規律。

The severe self-discipline that lies behind the word 'effort'.

Shunretsu (severe/sharp).

4

彼は、努力が報われない不条理を噛み締めていた。

He was reflecting on the absurdity of effort not being rewarded.

Kamishimeru (to reflect/chew over).

5

芸の道における努力は、終わりなき旅路である。

Effort in the path of the arts is an endless journey.

Gei no michi (the way of art).

6

形骸化した努力目標は、組織の腐敗を招く。

Effort targets that have become mere shells lead to organizational decay.

Keigaika (becoming a mere shell).

7

真の努力とは、静謐な情熱の持続に他ならない。

True effort is nothing other than the continuation of quiet passion.

Ni hokanaranai (nothing but).

8

彼は自己の限界を突破すべく、極限の努力を強いた。

He forced extreme effort upon himself to break through his limits.

Shiiru (to force/compel).

مترادف‌ها

励む 奮闘 尽力 精進 骨折り

متضادها

怠慢 怠惰 不精

ترکیب‌های رایج

努力を払う (pay effort)
努力を重ねる (pile up effort)
努力を惜しまない (spare no effort)
努力を怠る (neglect effort)
努力が実る (effort bears fruit)
努力が報われる (effort is rewarded)
努力を続ける (continue effort)
努力を要する (require effort)
努力不足 (lack of effort)
努力目標 (effort target)

عبارات رایج

努力家 (hard worker)
自助努力 (self-help effort)
経営努力 (management effort)
営業努力 (sales effort)
不断の努力 (constant effort)
血のにじむような努力 (blood-soaked effort)
並々ならぬ努力 (extraordinary effort)
努力の賜物 (fruit of effort)
努力の甲斐 (worth the effort)
努力義務 (best-effort obligation)

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

努力 vs 頑張る

努力 vs 苦労

努力 vs 勉強

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"点滴石を穿つ (Dripping water bores through stone)"
"石の上にも三年 (Three years on a stone - perseverance pays)"
"精神一到何事か成らざらん (Where there is a will, there is a way)"
"塵も積もれば山となる (Dust piled up becomes a mountain)"
"継続は力なり (Continuity is power)"
"七転び八起き (Fall seven times, stand up eight)"
"艱難汝を玉にす (Adversity makes you a jewel)"
"待てば海路の日和あり (Good things come to those who wait)"
"習うより慣れろ (Practice makes perfect)"
"一念天に通ず (A determined mind pierces the heavens)"

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

努力 vs

努力 vs

努力 vs

努力 vs

努力 vs

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

خانواده کلمه

مرتبط

努める (tsutomeru - to strive)
力む (rikimu - to strain)
強力 (kyouryoku - powerful)
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نحوه استفاده

nuance

Implies a serious, long-term commitment.

frequency

Very high in formal contexts.

collocation strength

Strong with 'suru', 'harau', 'mukuwareru'.

اشتباهات رایج
  • Using 努力 for minor, daily tasks.
  • Confusing 努力 (effort) with 協力 (cooperation).
  • Mispronouncing the 'ryo' sound.
  • Using it in casual situations where 'ganbaru' is better.
  • Forgetting that it can be a 'suru' verb.

نکات

Writing Resumes

Always include 'doryokuka' if you want to emphasize your work ethic. It is a keyword employers look for.

The Process Matters

In Japan, showing that you are making an effort is often as important as the actual result. Don't hide your hard work.

Verb Pairing

Use 'doryoku o harau' (pay effort) for a very formal and sophisticated sound in writing.

Antonym usage

Use 'taiman' (negligence) when criticizing a lack of effort in a professional setting.

Pitch Accent

Keep the first syllable 'do' high to sound more like a native speaker.

Kanji practice

Practice writing the 'slave' (奴) part of 努 carefully to remember the meaning of 'toiling'.

Context Clues

If you hear 'doryoku' in a speech, expect a serious and motivational tone to follow.

Persistence

Remember 'Keizoku wa chikara nari' (Continuity is power) as the ultimate slogan for 努力.

Complimenting

Telling someone 'Doryokuka desu ne' is one of the best compliments you can give a Japanese person.

Avoid Triviality

Don't use 努力 for things like 'I tried to wake up early today' unless it's a major life change.

حفظ کنید

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a person pushing a giant boulder up a hill (Sisyphus style).

ریشه کلمه

Sino-Japanese (Kango)

بافت فرهنگی

Students are taught that anyone can succeed if they 'doryoku' enough.

The 'Salaryman' culture is built on the visible display of 努力.

Repetition (Keiko) is the physical form of 努力.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"最近、何か努力していることはありますか？ (Is there anything you've been working hard on lately?)"

"努力家になるにはどうすればいいと思いますか？ (How do you think one can become a hard worker?)"

"努力は必ず報われると思いますか？ (Do you think effort always pays off?)"

"あなたの人生で一番努力したことは何ですか？ (What is the thing you've worked hardest on in your life?)"

"才能と努力、どちらが大切だと思いますか？ (Which do you think is more important, talent or effort?)"

موضوعات نگارش

Write about a time your effort was rewarded.

Describe a 'doryokuka' you know.

Reflect on a goal that requires more effort.

Compare the Japanese concept of effort with your own culture.

Write a letter to your future self about your current efforts.

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Yes, in Japanese culture, effort is almost universally seen as a positive trait. Even if the result is failure, the act of making an effort is respected. However, 'fruitless effort' (torou) is recognized as a sad outcome.

Yes, you can use it for training (kunren) or practice (keiko). It implies you are working hard to improve your skills or fitness level.

勉強 (benkyou) specifically means 'study' or 'learning.' 努力 is a general term for 'effort' that can be applied to study, sports, work, or personal habits.

You say 'Watashi wa doryokuka desu' (私は努力家です). It sounds humble yet confident.

Extremely often. It is one of the core themes of 'Shonen' anime, where the protagonist overcomes obstacles through sheer effort.

It is a legal term meaning 'best-effort obligation.' It means you must try your best to do something, but you aren't legally punished if you fail, as long as you tried.

It sounds a bit cold or formal. 'Ganbare' or 'Ganbatte' is much more natural for friends.

It means 'the fruit of effort.' It is used to describe a great achievement that was clearly earned through hard work.

It has 11 strokes. It's a Grade 4 kanji in Japan, so it's intermediate. The bottom part is 'power' (力).

Not necessarily suffering, but it does imply 'exertion' and 'toil.' It's not supposed to be easy.

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خودت رو بسنج 180 سوال

/ 180 درست

نمره کامل!

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محتوای مرتبط

این کلمه در زبان‌های دیگر

努力 چینی

واژه‌های بیشتر Actions

達成

A1

عمل دستیابی موفقیت‌آمیز به یک هدف یا انجام یک کار از طریق تلاش.

取得

A1

کسب رسمی یک مدرک، مجوز یا حق قانونی.

動作

A1

حرکت بدنی یا کارکرد یک دستگاه. 'حرکات او سریع است.' 'دستگاه به خوبی کار می‌کند.'

進行

A1

عمل پیشروی یا پیشرفت در یک کار یا رویداد. برای توصیف نحوه مدیریت یک جلسه یا پیشرفت یک بیماری استفاده می شود.

中止

A1

چوشی به معنای لغو یا توقف یک رویداد یا برنامه از پیش تعیین شده است. معمولاً زمانی استفاده می‌شود که فعالیتی به دلیل عوامل خارجی متوقف شود.

挑戦

A1

عمل پذیرش یک چالش یا تلاش برای انجام یک کار دشوار. بر تلاش و شجاعت مورد نیاز تأکید می کند.

完了

A1

عمل به پایان رساندن کامل یک کار یا فرآیند. برای نشان دادن اینکه یک توالی از مراحل به پایان رسیده است استفاده می‌شود.

熟考

A1

تأمل عمیق یا تفکر دقیق در مورد یک موضوع در طول یک دوره زمانی.

決定

A1

تصمیم نهایی یا تعیین تکلیف قطعی.

失敗

A1

شکست یا اشتباه. زمانی استفاده می‌شود که چیزی طبق برنامه پیش نرود.

مفید بود؟

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