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A2 verb #2,000 پرکاربردترین 5 دقیقه مطالعه

直します

naoshimasu رتبه 2,000

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 直します در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 直します in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'naoshimasu' is introduced as a simple verb for fixing physical things or correcting basic mistakes. Learners use it to describe fixing a broken toy or correcting a simple spelling error. The focus is on the 'subject-object-verb' structure: [Object] o naoshimasu. It is often taught alongside basic nouns like 'tokei' (watch) or 'jitensha' (bicycle). At this stage, the nuance is very literal—making something that doesn't work, work again. It is also used for the polite command 'naoshite kudasai' (please fix it).

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At the A2 level, the usage expands to include more abstract corrections, such as correcting one's own mistakes in a conversation or a workbook. Learners start to see 'naoshimasu' used in the context of 'kigen o naosu' (cheering up). The grammar becomes more varied, using the potential form 'naosemasu' (can fix) and the passive form 'naosaremasu' (is fixed/corrected by someone). There is also an introduction to using it as a suffix, like 'kaki-naosu' (rewrite), which is a crucial step in building compound verb vocabulary.

By B1, learners are expected to distinguish 'naoshimasu' from more formal synonyms like 'shūri suru' or 'shūsei suru'. They use 'naoshimasu' in more complex social interactions, such as negotiating a repair at a shop or explaining a nuanced error in a report. The focus shifts to the 'resultative' aspect—not just the act of fixing, but the state of having fixed something. B1 learners also encounter 'naoshimasu' in idiomatic expressions and are expected to use the correct kanji (直 vs 治) consistently in writing.

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At the B2 level, 'naoshimasu' is used to describe systemic corrections or behavioral changes. For example, 'shūkan o naosu' (to fix/correct a habit). The learner understands the subtle social implications of correcting others and uses the verb with appropriate humble or honorific language (e.g., o-naoshi itashimasu). They can also use it to describe 'restoring' something to a former glory, such as a historical building or a tarnished reputation, though more formal words might be preferred in literature.

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C1 learners use 'naoshimasu' with a high degree of precision, often contrasting it with its synonyms to convey specific nuances. They might use it in literary analysis to discuss how a character 'fixes' their life or in legal/technical contexts where 'naosu' implies a fundamental restoration of rights or status. The suffix usage (~naosu) becomes second nature, applied to a wide range of verbs to indicate re-evaluation and correction (e.g., kangae-naosu - to rethink).

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At the C2 level, the verb is used with native-like fluidity, including its use in rare idioms and classical-adjacent contexts. The speaker can discuss the philosophical implications of 'naosu'—the idea of returning to a 'true' or 'straight' path (chokusetsu). They are also aware of regional variations (like the Kansai 'put away' meaning) and can navigate these differences without confusion. The word is no longer just a verb for fixing; it is a conceptual tool for discussing order, truth, and restoration.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

直します در ۳۰ ثانیه

A versatile verb meaning to fix, repair, or correct physical objects and abstract errors.
Commonly used for daily items like watches, bikes, and electronics, as well as homework and speech.
Can be used as a suffix (~naosu) to mean 'doing something over again to correct it'.
Distinguished from 治す (naosu), which is used specifically for healing illnesses or injuries.

The verb 直します (naoshimasu) is a versatile Japanese term primarily meaning 'to fix,' 'to repair,' or 'to correct.' At its core, the kanji 直 represents something being made straight, honest, or returned to its original, proper state. This concept of 'restoration' is key to understanding its wide range of applications in daily Japanese life.

Physical Repair: When a mechanical object like a watch, a bicycle, or a computer stops working, you use 'naoshimasu' to describe the act of fixing it. It implies restoring functionality.

壊れた時計を直します。
(I will fix the broken watch.)

Abstract Correction: Beyond physical objects, it applies to mistakes in writing, speech, or behavior. If a teacher corrects your homework, they are 'naoshimasu'-ing your errors.

作文の書き間違いを直します。
(I will correct the mistakes in the essay.)

Returning to Order: It is also used for tidying or putting things back where they belong. If you 'naosu' your shoes, you are arranging them neatly at the entrance.

脱いだ靴を直します。
(I will put the shoes I took off back in order.)

In essence, 'naoshimasu' is about alignment. Whether it's a broken engine, a grammatical error, or a messy room, the action involves taking something that is 'wrong' or 'broken' and making it 'right' or 'straight' again. This reflects a broader Japanese cultural value of maintenance and precision.

Using 直します correctly requires understanding its transitivity and its common object pairings. As a transitive verb, it always takes the particle を (o) to indicate what is being fixed.

The ~te form + naosu: One of the most powerful ways to use this verb is as a suffix to other verbs in their 'masu-stem' form (e.g., 書き直す - kaki-naosu). This indicates doing the action again to correct it.

もう一度書き直します。
(I will rewrite it [to correct it].)

Politeness Levels: 'Naoshimasu' is the polite (teinei) form. In casual settings, use 'naosu'. In very formal business settings, you might use 'shūri itashimasu' for repairs, but 'naoshimasu' remains widely acceptable.

パソコンを直していただけますか？
(Could you please fix my computer?)

Contextual Meanings: In certain dialects (like Kansai), 'naosu' can mean 'to put away'. However, in standard Japanese (Hyōjungo), it strictly means to fix or correct.

機嫌を直してください。
(Please cheer up / fix your mood.)

When using 'naoshimasu' for physical repairs, it is often interchangeable with 'shūri suru', but 'naoshimasu' feels more personal and everyday. For example, you 'naosu' a toy, but a mechanic 'shūri suru' a jet engine.

You will encounter 直します in a variety of settings, from the classroom to the repair shop and even in emotional conversations.

In the Classroom: Teachers use it constantly when reviewing student work. 'Koko o naoshite kudasai' (Please correct this part) is a standard phrase.

先生に間違いを直されました。
(My mistakes were corrected by the teacher.)

At Repair Shops: When you take a smartphone with a cracked screen to a shop, the technician will say 'Asu made ni naoshimasu' (I will fix it by tomorrow).

この自転車、直せますか？
(Can you fix this bicycle?)

Personal Relationships: It is used when someone is in a bad mood. 'Kigen o naosu' means to restore one's good mood or to stop being angry.

早く機嫌を直してよ。
(Come on, cheer up already / stop being mad.)

Whether it's a broken physical object, a mistake in a document, or an interpersonal friction, 'naoshimasu' is the go-to verb for returning things to their ideal state.

While 直します is common, learners often trip up on its homophones and its specific nuances compared to other 'fixing' verbs.

Mistake 1: Confusing 直す with 治す: Both are 'naosu'. However, 治す is for biological healing (curing a cold, healing a wound). Using 直す for a cold is a common kanji error.

❌ 風邪を直します (Incorrect Kanji)
✅ 風邪を治します (Correct Kanji)

Mistake 2: Overusing it for 'Putting Away': As mentioned, in Western Japan (Kansai), 'naosu' means 'to put away'. If you say this to someone in Tokyo, they might think you are going to repair the object instead of putting it in the closet.

道具を直します。
(Standard: I will fix the tools. Kansai: I will put the tools away.)

Mistake 3: Confusing with 'Katadukeru': If you want to say 'tidy up a room', use 片付ける (katadukeru). 'Naoshimasu' is only for specific items that are out of place or broken.

❌ 部屋を直します (Sounds like you are repairing the walls/floor).
✅ 部屋を片付けます (Tidying up).

Always consider if the object is 'broken' or 'wrong'. If it's just 'messy', 'naoshimasu' might not be the best choice unless you are specifically referring to the alignment of objects (like shoes).

Japanese has several words for 'fixing' or 'correcting'. Choosing the right one depends on the context and the level of formality.

修理する (Shūri suru): Specifically for mechanical or technical repairs. It sounds more professional than 'naoshimasu'. You 'shūri' a car at a garage.

車のエンジンを修理します。
(I will repair the car engine.)

修正する (Shūsei suru): Used for correcting data, plans, or documents. It's common in business contexts. It implies making minor adjustments to improve accuracy.

計画を修正します。
(I will revise/amend the plan.)

訂正する (Teisei suru): Specifically for correcting errors in text or speech. If you say something wrong and immediately correct yourself, you are 'teisei'ing.

発言を訂正します。
(I will correct my statement.)

In summary, use 'naoshimasu' for general daily situations. Use 'shūri' for machines, 'shūsei' for plans/data, and 'teisei' for formal text/speech corrections. This distinction will make your Japanese sound much more natural and precise.

چقدر رسمی است؟

سطح دشواری

گرامر لازم

Transitive vs Intransitive (直す vs 直る)

Compound Verbs (V-stem + 直す)

Benefactive Verbs (直してくれる/もらう)

Potential Form (直せる)

Passive Form (直される)

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

時計を直します。

I will fix the watch.

Direct object + を + verb.

おもちゃを直してください。

Please fix the toy.

Te-form + kudasai for requests.

間違いを直します。

I will correct the mistake.

Abstract object 'mistake'.

これを直せますか？

Can you fix this?

Potential form 'naosemasu'.

靴を直しました。

I fixed the shoes (or put them in order).

Past tense 'naoshimashita'.

ペンを直します。

I will fix the pen.

Simple transitive usage.

テレビを直しましょう。

Let's fix the TV.

Volitional form 'mashō'.

ラジオは直りません。

The radio won't be fixed (is not fixable).

Intransitive 'naoru' used for contrast.

作文を書き直します。

I will rewrite the essay.

Compound verb: kaki + naosu.

先生が間違いを直してくれました。

The teacher corrected the mistakes for me.

Te-form + kureta (benefactive).

早く機嫌を直してください。

Please cheer up soon.

Idiomatic use with 'kigen'.

壊れた椅子を自分で直しました。

I fixed the broken chair by myself.

Use of 'jibun de' (by oneself).

名前を言い直します。

I will say the name again (correctly).

Compound verb: ii + naosu.

このパソコンは直すのが難しいです。

This computer is difficult to fix.

Nominalization 'naosu no'.

自転車を直すのに一時間かかりました。

It took one hour to fix the bicycle.

Naosu no ni (purpose/time).

レポートを読み直しました。

I reread the report (to check for errors).

Compound verb: yomi + naosu.

悪い習慣を直したいと思っています。

I am thinking of fixing my bad habits.

Tai to omotte imasu (desire).

このプログラムのバグを直してください。

Please fix the bugs in this program.

Technical context.

彼はすぐに機嫌を直してくれました。

He cheered up right away.

Benefactive 'kureta'.

計画をもう一度考え直しましょう。

Let's rethink the plan once more.

Compound verb: kangae + naosu.

発音を直されるのは恥ずかしいです。

It is embarrassing to have my pronunciation corrected.

Passive form 'naosareru'.

古い家を自分たちで直して住んでいます。

We fixed up an old house ourselves and are living in it.

Te-form connecting actions.

眼鏡を直してもらいに行きます。

I'm going to go get my glasses fixed.

Te-morai ni iku (receiving a service).

この文章は、もう少し直したほうがいいですね。

It would be better to fix this sentence a bit more.

Ta-form + hō ga ii (advice).

政府は法律の不備を直す必要がある。

The government needs to correct the flaws in the law.

Formal context.

一度壊れた信頼を直すのは時間がかかる。

It takes time to repair trust once it's broken.

Metaphorical use for 'trust'.

彼は自分のミスを潔く直した。

He corrected his mistake gracefully.

Adverbial usage 'isagiyoku'.

この翻訳は、不自然なところを直すべきだ。

This translation should have its unnatural parts corrected.

Beki da (obligation).

見直してみると、意外な間違いが見つかった。

Upon re-examining it, I found an unexpected mistake.

Mi-naosu (re-examine).

姿勢を直すと、肩こりが楽になりますよ。

If you correct your posture, your stiff shoulders will feel better.

Conditional 'to'.

その癖は、今のうちに直しておいたほうがいい。

You should fix that habit while you still can.

Te-oku (preparation/action for the future).

彼は怒っていたが、美味しいものを食べて機嫌を直した。

He was angry, but he ate something delicious and cheered up.

Compound sentence.

論理の矛盾を直さない限り、この説は認められない。

Unless the logical contradictions are corrected, this theory cannot be accepted.

Nai kagiri (unless).

彼は過去の過ちを直そうと必死に努力している。

He is making a desperate effort to correct the mistakes of his past.

Volitional + to suru (attempting to).

この古い絵画を修復し、本来の姿に直す。

We will restore this old painting to its original state.

Restoration context.

言葉遣いを直すだけで、印象は大きく変わる。

Just by correcting your wording, the impression you give changes significantly.

Dake de (just by).

彼はプロジェクトの方向性を根本から立て直した。

He fundamentally rebuilt/reorganized the direction of the project.

Tate-naosu (rebuild/reorganize).

不公平な制度を直すために、市民が立ち上がった。

Citizens stood up to correct an unfair system.

Tame ni (purpose).

細部を直すことで、作品の完成度が高まった。

By fixing the details, the perfection of the work increased.

Koto de (by means of).

誤解を直す機会を逃してしまった。

I missed the opportunity to correct the misunderstanding.

Kikai o nogasu (miss an opportunity).

歪んだ社会構造を直すには、多大な歳月を要する。

Correcting a distorted social structure requires many years.

Abstract social correction.

彼は己の生き方を問い直し、軌道修正を図った。

He questioned his own way of life and attempted a course correction.

Toi-naosu (question again).

古典の解釈を現代の視点から見直し、訳し直す。

We will re-examine the interpretation of the classics from a modern perspective and re-translate them.

Academic context.

乱れた風紀を直すべく、厳格な校則が導入された。

In order to correct the disordered public morals, strict school rules were introduced.

Beku (in order to - formal).

その政治家は、失墜した信頼を立て直すのに苦心している。

The politician is struggling to rebuild his fallen credibility.

Tate-naosu (rebuild).

歴史の記述を事実に基づいて書き直す作業が進められている。

Work is underway to rewrite historical accounts based on facts.

Passive 'susumerarete iru'.

彼は自らの偏見を直視し、それを直そうと努めた。

He looked his own prejudices in the eye and strove to correct them.

Nuanced psychological use.

この詩の推敲を重ね、一語一語を丹念に直していく。

I will repeatedly polish this poem, carefully correcting it word by word.

Te-iku (ongoing process).

مترادف‌ها

修理する修正する訂正する繕う改める修復する整える直繕う

متضادها

壊す汚す間違える乱す

ترکیب‌های رایج

時計を直す

間違いを直す

癖を直す

機嫌を直す

習慣を直す

バグを直す

姿勢を直す

文章を直す

靴を直す

発音を直す

عبارات رایج

機嫌を直して

書き直してください

やり直しましょう

見直す必要があります

言い直します

作り直す

読み直す

聞き直す

考え直す

持ち直す

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

直します vs 治します

直します vs 直ります

直します vs 片付けます

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"機嫌を直す (To cheer up/stop being angry)"

"持ち直す (To recover/pick up again)"

"出直してくる (To come back again/start over)"

"性根を叩き直す (To reform someone's character)"

"縁を直す (To reconcile a relationship)"

"首を直す (To fix a stiff neck)"

"箸を直す (To correct how one holds chopsticks)"

"襟を正す (Related: to straighten one's collar/tighten one's resolve)"

"気を直す (To change one's mind/mood)"

"顔を直す (To touch up makeup)"

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

直します vs

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

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نحوه استفاده

transitivity

直す is transitive (requires an actor), 直る is intransitive (describes the state).

kanji distinction

直 (fix/correct) vs 治 (heal/cure).

اشتباهات رایج

Using 直す for medical healing (should be 治す).
Using 直す for general room cleaning (should be 片付ける).
Confusing the transitive 直す with the intransitive 直る.
Using 直す for 'deleting' a mistake (should be 消す).
Forgetting the particle を when using 直す.

نکات

Suffix Usage

Attach 'naosu' to the masu-stem of other verbs to indicate correction. For example, 'yomi-naosu' (reread) or 'tsukuri-naosu' (remake). This is a very natural way to speak.

Kanji Choice

Always check if you are fixing an object (直) or a person's health (治). Using the wrong kanji is a common mistake even for native speakers in casual typing.

Kansai Dialect

If you are in Osaka and someone says 'naoshite', they might just want you to put something back in the cupboard. Don't start looking for a screwdriver!

Cheering Up

Use 'kigen o naosu' when someone is upset. It's a kind way to ask someone to return to their normal, happy self.

Formal Repairs

In a professional email to a client, use 'shūri' or 'shūsei' instead of 'naosu' to sound more professional and precise.

Pairing

Learn 'naosu' (transitive) and 'naoru' (intransitive) together. 'Tokei o naosu' (I fix the watch) vs 'Tokei ga naoru' (The watch is fixed).

Self-Correction

When you find a mistake in your own writing, say 'naoshimasu' as you fix it. It helps reinforce the connection between the action and the word.

Polite Requests

Use 'naoshite itadakemasu ka?' for a very polite way to ask someone to fix something for you.

Context Clues

If you hear 'naosu' without an object, look at what the person is holding. The object is often implied in Japanese.

Straighten Up

Associate 'naosu' with 'straight'. You are making a 'crooked' situation 'straight' again.

حفظ کنید

ریشه کلمه

بافت فرهنگی

The art of fixing broken pottery with gold, celebrating the repair.

Correcting one's posture and appearance is part of Japanese hospitality.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"このスマホ、直せますか？"

"間違いを直してもいいですか？"

"どうやって直しましたか？"

"機嫌を直してくださいね。"

"習慣を直すのは大変ですよね？"

موضوعات نگارش

今日、何を直しましたか？ (What did you fix today?)

直したい習慣は何ですか？ (What habit do you want to fix?)

最近、誰かに間違いを直されましたか？ (Were your mistakes corrected by someone recently?)

壊れたものを直したことがありますか？ (Have you ever fixed something broken?)

自分の性格で直したいところはありますか？ (Is there a part of your personality you want to fix?)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

You can use it for a person's mood (kigen o naosu) or habits (kuse o naosu), but you don't 'fix' a person physically unless you are a doctor using the other kanji (治す).

Generally, no. Use 'katadukemasu' or 'sōji shimasu'. 'Naoshimasu' is only for fixing specific broken items or putting specific things back in their proper place (like shoes).

'Naosu' is a general, everyday word. 'Shūri suru' is more formal and specifically refers to mechanical or technical repairs, like a car or a computer.

Yes, you can say 'iinaoshimasu' (say it again correctly) or 'machigai o naoshimasu'. In formal settings, 'teisei shimasu' is also common.

Sometimes! In older or specific contexts, 'Nihongo ni naosu' can mean 'to put into Japanese' (translate), though 'yakusu' is more common now.

Yes, it is a transitive verb (ta-doushi), meaning it requires an object marked by 'o'. The intransitive version is 'naorimasu'.

You say 'Jitensha o naoshitai desu'. If you are at a shop, you might say 'Jitensha o naoshite moraitai desu'.

It's not very common. You would usually use 'iyasu' (to heal) or 'wasureru' (to forget). 'Naosu' sounds a bit too mechanical for emotions.

It means 'to rewrite'. The suffix '~naosu' adds the meaning of 'doing it again to fix it'.

The kanji 直 is taught in elementary school (2nd grade). It is very common and useful to learn early on.

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