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A2 noun #4,500 پرکاربردترین 7 دقیقه مطالعه

퇴직

رتبه 4,500

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 퇴직 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 퇴직 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you just need to know that '퇴직' (toe-jik) means leaving a job, usually when someone is older. You can think of it as 'stopping work.' You might hear it when people talk about their grandfathers or fathers. It is a noun, but you can add '하다' to make it a verb: '퇴직하다' (to retire). At this level, just remember it's a big word for 'quitting work' in a formal way. For example: '아버지는 퇴직했어요' (Dad retired). It's helpful to know because many families in Korea talk about this when parents get older. It's not usually used for kids or students, only for people who have jobs.

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At the A2 level, you should distinguish '퇴직' from '그만두다' (to quit). '퇴직' is the formal word you see in newspapers or use for older people. You will often see it combined with other words like '퇴직금' (toe-jik-geum), which means 'retirement money' or 'severance pay.' This is a very important word in Korea because everyone who works for a year or more gets this money when they leave. You should be able to use the honorific form '퇴직하시다' when talking about someone older. For example, '우리 선생님은 작년에 퇴직하셨어요' (Our teacher retired last year). You should also know that '퇴직' is mainly for leaving a specific company.

At the B1 level, you should understand the different types of retirement. '정년퇴직' (jeong-nyeon toe-jik) is retirement because you reached the age limit (usually around 60). '명예퇴직' (myeong-ye toe-jik) is 'honorary' or early retirement, often with a bonus. You should be able to use '퇴직' in more complex sentences using grammar like '~고 나서' (after doing) or '~기 위해' (in order to). For example: '퇴직하고 나서 세계 일주를 하고 싶어요' (After I retire, I want to travel around the world). You should also understand that '퇴직' is a Sino-Korean word (Hanja), where 'toe' (退) means 'to step back' and 'jik' (職) means 'job' or 'duty.'

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At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using '퇴직' in professional and social discussions. You should understand the social implications of retirement in Korea, such as the 'second life' (제2의 인생) that many retirees seek. You should also be aware of the difference between '퇴직' and '은퇴' (eun-toe). '퇴직' is leaving a specific post, while '은퇴' is retiring from a career field (like an athlete). You might use the word in debates about Korea's aging society: '퇴직 연령을 높여야 한다는 의견이 많습니다' (There are many opinions that we should raise the retirement age). You should also know related terms like '퇴직연금' (retirement pension).

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At the C1 level, you should understand the legal and economic nuances of '퇴직.' This includes the 'Labor Standards Act' regarding '퇴직금' and the various types of pension systems like 'DB' (Defined Benefit) and 'DC' (Defined Contribution) retirement plans. You should be able to discuss the psychological impact of retirement on the 'baby boomer' generation in Korea. You might encounter '퇴직' in literature or high-level news reports discussing '조기 퇴직' (early retirement) trends among the younger generation (the FIRE movement). Your usage should be precise, distinguishing between '의원면직' (resignation by request) and '정년퇴직.'

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At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of '퇴직' and its sociopolitical connotations. You can analyze the 'silver economy' that arises from the massive wave of '퇴직' among the elderly population. You understand historical shifts, such as how the 1997 IMF crisis changed the concept of 'lifelong employment' and made '퇴직' a more frequent and sometimes unstable event. You can use the word in academic contexts or high-level business negotiations, discussing '퇴직 프로세스' (offboarding processes) and the ethical considerations of '권고사직' (recommended resignation) versus '명예퇴직.' You can also appreciate the word's presence in idioms and formal speeches.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

퇴직 در ۳۰ ثانیه

퇴직 is the formal Korean word for leaving a job or retiring from a company.
It is a Sino-Korean noun (退職) meaning 'to retreat from duty.'
It is commonly associated with 'toe-jik-geum' (retirement/severance pay).
It differs from 'eun-toe' (career retirement) by focusing on a specific workplace.

The Korean word 퇴직 (toe-jik) is a formal noun that refers to the act of leaving one's job, position, or office, typically due to reaching a certain age, completing a term of service, or voluntarily choosing to stop working at a specific organization. While English speakers might use 'retirement' and 'quitting' in various contexts, Korean distinguishes between the specific act of leaving a company (퇴직) and the broader concept of retiring from one's career or public life entirely (은퇴). Understanding 퇴직 is essential for navigating Korean social structures, as it often marks a significant life transition that involves specific ceremonies, financial arrangements, and changes in social status.

Formal Resignation: When an employee officially submits their notice to leave a company, regardless of age, it is categorized as 퇴직. This is the standard term used in HR departments and legal documents.
Mandatory Retirement: In Korea, most companies have a 'jeong-nyeon' (정년), or a fixed retirement age. Reaching this age and leaving is called 'jeong-nyeon toe-jik' (정년퇴직).

우리 아버지는 30년 동안 다니신 직장에서 지난달에 퇴직하셨습니다. (My father retired last month from the workplace he attended for 30 years.)

The nuance of 퇴직 often carries a sense of completion. Unlike 'sajik' (사직), which focuses on the act of resigning (often implying a move to another job), 퇴직 frequently suggests the end of a long-term commitment. In modern Korea, the term 'myeong-ye toe-jik' (honorary retirement) is also common, which refers to early retirement packages offered by companies during restructuring. This highlights that 퇴직 is not always a choice made at the end of a career but can be a strategic or forced departure from a specific role.

그는 퇴직 후에 작은 카페를 차릴 계획입니다. (He plans to open a small cafe after retirement.)

Economic Implication: The term is inextricably linked to 'toe-jik-geum' (retirement pay or severance pay), which is a crucial financial safety net for Korean workers.

Historically, 퇴직 was a moment of great celebration, marked by a 'toe-jik-sik' (retirement ceremony). While the culture is changing with more frequent job-hopping among younger generations, for the older generation, 퇴직 represents the culmination of a life's work and a transition into a new phase of life, often referred to as the 'second act' (je-i-ui insaeng).

Using 퇴직 correctly requires understanding its function as both a noun and the base for the verb 퇴직하다. It is most commonly found in professional and formal settings. When describing someone's retirement, the level of politeness is crucial, especially since retirement often involves elders or superiors.

As a Verb (퇴직하다): To retire or leave a job. Use '퇴직하셨다' (honorific) for parents, teachers, or bosses.
As a Noun (퇴직): Used in compound words like 퇴직금 (retirement pay), 퇴직 날짜 (retirement date), or 퇴직 사유 (reason for leaving).

김 과장님은 다음 달에 정년 퇴직을 하십니다. (Manager Kim is retiring at the mandatory age next month.)

In administrative contexts, you will often see 퇴직 on forms. For example, '퇴직 증명서' is a certificate of discharge or retirement. When discussing the reason for leaving, you might say '개인적인 사정으로 퇴직하게 되었습니다' (I have come to retire due to personal circumstances), which is a polite way to say you are quitting.

퇴직금은 퇴직 후 14일 이내에 지급되어야 합니다. (Retirement pay must be paid within 14 days after retirement.)

When constructing sentences about the future, the pattern '퇴직하면' (when I retire/if I retire) is very common. '퇴직하면 세계 여행을 하고 싶어요' (When I retire, I want to travel the world). This reflects the common aspiration of finding freedom after years of corporate discipline.

Passive/Causative Nuance: While '퇴직하다' is active, '퇴직당하다' (to be retired/fired) is a harsher term used when someone is forced out, though '해고' (haego - firing) is more common for disciplinary actions.

You will encounter 퇴직 in several distinct environments in Korea. First and foremost is the corporate office. Discussions about 'toejik-geum' (severance pay) are frequent among colleagues, especially during periods of economic downturn or when someone is planning a career change. In Korean news broadcasts, you will hear 퇴직 in reports regarding the aging population, pension reforms, or large-scale corporate layoffs disguised as 'voluntary retirement' (myeong-ye toe-jik).

뉴스: "정부는 퇴직 연령을 65세로 연장하는 방안을 검토 중입니다." (News: "The government is considering a plan to extend the retirement age to 65.")

In family settings, 퇴직 is a major topic of conversation when a parent or elder relative nears the end of their career. It is a time of mixed emotions—relief from the stress of work, but also anxiety about financial stability and 'social death.' You might hear younger people asking their parents, '아빠, 퇴직하시면 뭐 하실 거예요?' (Dad, what are you going to do when you retire?).

In K-Dramas, 퇴직 is often a dramatic plot point. A character might be pressured into 'myeong-ye toe-jik' (honorary retirement) to take the fall for a company scandal, or a father's 퇴직 might trigger a family crisis that drives the narrative forward. The word carries the weight of one's livelihood and social identity.

Legal/Banking: When visiting a bank, you will see '퇴직연금' (Retirement Pension) products advertised everywhere. Banks compete fiercely for the large sums of money people receive upon retirement.

은행원: "고객님, 퇴직연금 상품에 대해 상담해 드릴까요?" (Banker: "Customer, shall I consult with you about retirement pension products?")

For English speakers, the most frequent mistake is using 퇴직 (toe-jik) when they actually mean 은퇴 (eun-toe). While both translate to 'retirement' in many contexts, their usage is quite specific. 퇴직 is about the job/company; 은퇴 is about the career/public life. If you say a 25-year-old 'retired' from their part-time job at a cafe, using 퇴직 is technically correct but sounds overly formal; usually, 'geumanduda' (to quit) is better.

Mistake: 퇴직 vs. 사직: People often use '사직' (sajik) and '퇴직' interchangeably. '사직' is the act of resigning (the 'quitting' part), while '퇴직' is the state of leaving the office (the 'retirement/departure' part). You 'submit a resignation' (사직서를 내다), but you 'process a retirement' (퇴직 처리를 하다).

Wrong: 축구 선수가 퇴직했어요. (The soccer player retired from the company.)
Right: 축구 선수가 은퇴했어요. (The soccer player retired from the sport.)

Another mistake involves honorifics. Because retirement usually happens to people older than the speaker, forgetting to use the honorific suffix '-si-' (퇴직하시다) can sound disrespectful. Always say '아버지가 퇴직하셨어요' instead of '아버지가 퇴직했어' when speaking to others about your father.

Confusing with '퇴학' (toe-hak): Students sometimes mix up '퇴직' (leaving work) and '퇴학' (leaving school/expulsion). Make sure to use the 'jik' (job) root for work contexts.

Korean has a rich vocabulary for leaving work, each with a different shade of meaning. Choosing the right one depends on the reason for leaving and the formality of the situation.

은퇴 (Eun-toe): Retirement from a career field or public life. Used for athletes, artists, and politicians. Example: '가수가 은퇴를 선언했다' (The singer announced their retirement).
사직 (Sa-jik): Resignation. Focuses on the voluntary act of quitting a post. Example: '사직서를 제출했다' (Submitted a resignation letter).
퇴사 (Toe-sa): Leaving a company. This is the most common word for younger people 'quitting' their current job to go elsewhere. Example: '그는 어제 퇴사했다' (He left the company yesterday).
해고 (Hae-go): Dismissal or firing. The opposite of a voluntary 퇴직.

비교:
1. 퇴직: Formal departure from a job (often after long service).
2. 퇴사: Simply leaving the company (common for job-hopping).
3. 은퇴: Leaving the entire industry/career forever.

In casual conversation, you'll often hear '그만두다' (geumanduda), which simply means 'to stop' or 'to quit.' This is the safest bet for everyday speech when you don't need to be overly formal. For example, '나 회사 그만뒀어' (I quit my company).

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The character 職 (jik) contains the 'ear' radical (耳), suggesting that a 'duty' was originally something one listened to or was commanded to do.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /tʰwe.dʑik/

US /tʰwe.dʑɪk/

Stress is equal on both syllables, though the first syllable '퇴' may be slightly elongated for emphasis in formal speech.

هم‌قافیه با

교직 (gyo-jik - teaching profession) 공직 (gong-jik - public office) 보직 (bo-jik - assignment) 현직 (hyeon-jik - current post) 휴직 (hyu-jik - leave of absence) 이직 (i-jik - changing jobs) 해직 (hae-jik - dismissal) 겸직 (gyeom-jik - holding two posts)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing '퇴' as 'toy' (it should be 't' + 'we').
Over-aspirating the 'k' at the end of 'jik' (it should be a 'stopped' k).
Confusing the vowel 'oe' (외) with 'ui' (의).
Saying 'toe-shik' instead of 'toe-jik' (mixing up J and S).
Pronouncing 'jik' like 'jeek' with a long 'ee' sound (it's shorter).

سطح دشواری

خواندن 2/5

The word is common in news and documents. Easy to recognize once Hanja is known.

نوشتن 3/5

Spelling is simple, but choosing between 'toe-jik' and 'toe-sa' requires care.

صحبت کردن 2/5

Pronunciation is straightforward for English speakers.

گوش دادن 2/5

Clear sounds, often used in formal contexts.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

회사 (Company) 일 (Work) 나이 (Age) 돈 (Money) 끝 (End)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

연금 (Pension) 노후 (Old age) 경력 (Career) 실업 (Unemployment) 재취업 (Re-employment)

پیشرفته

임금피크제 (Wage peak system) 국민연금 (National pension) 근로기준법 (Labor standards act)

گرامر لازم

Honorific Suffix -시-

아버지가 퇴직하셨다. (Father retired.)

Conditional -면

퇴직하면 여행 갈 거야. (If I retire, I'll go traveling.)

Noun + 후에 (After)

퇴직 후에 운동을 시작했다. (I started exercising after retirement.)

Sequence -고 나서

퇴직하고 나서 카페를 차렸다. (After retiring, I opened a cafe.)

Desire -고 싶다

빨리 퇴직하고 싶어요. (I want to retire quickly.)

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

아버지는 이제 퇴직하셨어요.

My father has retired now.

Honorific past tense '하셨어요'.

퇴직 후에 뭐 할 거예요?

What will you do after retirement?

Noun '퇴직' + particle '후에' (after).

할아버지는 퇴직이 좋아요.

Grandfather likes retirement.

Subject particle '이'.

우리 엄마는 아직 퇴직 안 했어요.

My mom hasn't retired yet.

Negative '안' before the verb.

퇴직하면 집에서 쉬어요.

If I retire, I will rest at home.

Conditional '~하면' (if/when).

어제 퇴직 파티를 했어요.

We had a retirement party yesterday.

Compound noun '퇴직 파티'.

퇴직은 슬프지 않아요.

Retirement is not sad.

Topic particle '은' + negative '~지 않아요'.

그분은 언제 퇴직해요?

When does that person retire?

Question word '언제'.

퇴직금을 많이 받았어요.

I received a lot of retirement pay.

Compound noun '퇴직금' (retirement + money).

선생님이 다음 달에 퇴직하십니다.

The teacher is retiring next month.

Formal honorific '~하십니다'.

퇴직 후에 여행을 가고 싶어요.

I want to go on a trip after I retire.

Desire expression '~고 싶어요'.

그는 건강 때문에 일찍 퇴직했다.

He retired early because of his health.

Reason particle '때문에'.

퇴직 사유를 적어 주세요.

Please write down the reason for retirement.

Noun '사유' (reason).

정년퇴직까지 5년 남았습니다.

There are 5 years left until mandatory retirement.

Compound '정년퇴직'.

퇴직하고 나서 무엇을 하실 계획인가요?

What are your plans after you retire?

Sequence '~고 나서'.

그녀는 퇴직을 결심했습니다.

She decided to retire/quit.

Noun + object particle '을' + verb '결심하다'.

그는 명예퇴직을 신청하기로 했다.

He decided to apply for voluntary retirement.

Decision expression '~기로 하다'.

퇴직 연령이 점점 높아지고 있다.

The retirement age is gradually getting higher.

Progressive form '~고 있다'.

퇴직금이 노후 자금의 핵심입니다.

Retirement pay is the core of old-age funds.

Possessive particle '의'.

많은 사람들이 퇴직 후에 창업을 한다.

Many people start a business after retirement.

Noun '창업' (starting a business).

그는 퇴직 기념으로 시계를 선물 받았다.

He received a watch as a retirement gift.

Noun '기념' (commemoration).

퇴직을 앞두고 마음이 복잡합니다.

My mind is complicated ahead of retirement.

Expression '~을 앞두고' (ahead of).

회사에서 퇴직 처리가 완료되었습니다.

The retirement process has been completed at the company.

Passive-like '처리되다'.

퇴직증명서가 필요하시면 말씀하세요.

If you need a retirement certificate, please tell me.

Conditional '~시면' (honorific).

조기 퇴직을 선택하는 젊은 층이 늘고 있다.

The number of young people choosing early retirement is increasing.

Noun '조기 퇴직' (early retirement).

퇴직 후의 삶을 미리 설계해야 합니다.

You must plan your life after retirement in advance.

Verb '설계하다' (to design/plan).

그는 부당하게 퇴직을 강요당했다.

He was unfairly forced into retirement.

Passive '강요당하다' (to be forced).

퇴직연금제도가 개편될 예정입니다.

The retirement pension system is scheduled to be reorganized.

Future plan '~을 예정입니다'.

그녀는 퇴직한 뒤에도 고문으로 활동한다.

Even after retiring, she works as an advisor.

Noun '고문' (advisor).

퇴직 시 발생하는 세금에 대해 알아보자.

Let's find out about the taxes that occur at the time of retirement.

Noun '시' (at the time of).

그는 퇴직 사유를 '일신상의 사유'라고 적었다.

He wrote 'personal reasons' as the reason for retirement.

Formal phrase '일신상의 사유'.

퇴직 후 우울증을 겪는 사례가 많습니다.

There are many cases of experiencing depression after retirement.

Verb '겪다' (to experience/undergo).

베이비붐 세대의 대규모 퇴직이 시작되었습니다.

The large-scale retirement of the baby boom generation has begun.

Noun '대규모' (large-scale).

퇴직금 산정 방식에 오류가 발견되었습니다.

An error was found in the retirement pay calculation method.

Noun '산정' (calculation/estimation).

그는 퇴직 시점에 맞춰 스톡옵션을 행사했다.

He exercised his stock options to coincide with his retirement.

Phrase '~에 맞춰' (in line with).

기업들은 퇴직 예정자들을 위한 교육 프로그램을 운영한다.

Companies run educational programs for those scheduled to retire.

Noun '예정자' (scheduled person).

퇴직은 단순히 직장을 그만두는 것 이상의 의미를 갖는다.

Retirement holds more meaning than simply quitting a job.

Comparative '~ 이상의' (more than).

그는 권고사직을 거부하고 정년퇴직을 고수했다.

He refused the recommended resignation and stuck to mandatory retirement.

Verb '고수하다' (to stick to/adhere to).

퇴직 후 소득 공백기를 어떻게 극복할지가 관건이다.

The key is how to overcome the income gap after retirement.

Noun '공백기' (gap period).

퇴직 급여법에 따라 퇴직금 청구권은 3년간 유효하다.

According to the Retirement Benefits Act, the right to claim retirement pay is valid for 3 years.

Expression '~에 따라' (according to).

정년 연장은 퇴직 이후의 빈곤 문제를 해결하기 위한 고육지책이다.

Extending the retirement age is a desperate measure to solve the problem of poverty after retirement.

Four-character idiom '고육지책' (desperate measure).

퇴직이라는 관문을 통과하며 그는 자아의 재발견을 경험했다.

Passing through the gateway of retirement, he experienced a rediscovery of self.

Metaphorical use of '관문' (gateway).

고령화 사회에서 퇴직 인력의 효율적 활용은 국가적 과제이다.

The efficient utilization of retired manpower in an aging society is a national task.

Noun '인력' (manpower/human resources).

그는 퇴직금 전액을 사회복지재단에 기부함으로써 귀감이 되었다.

He became a role model by donating his entire retirement pay to a social welfare foundation.

Noun '귀감' (role model/exemplar).

임금피크제 도입은 퇴직을 앞둔 근로자들에게 양날의 검과 같다.

The introduction of the wage peak system is like a double-edged sword for workers facing retirement.

Simile '양날의 검' (double-edged sword).

퇴직 후 사회적 단절감이 우울증으로 번지는 것을 경계해야 한다.

One must be wary of social isolation after retirement spreading into depression.

Verb '경계하다' (to be wary/on guard).

그의 퇴직은 한 시대의 종언을 고하는 상징적인 사건이었다.

His retirement was a symbolic event marking the end of an era.

Literary expression '종언을 고하다' (to signal the end).

퇴직 관리(Offboarding)는 기업의 브랜드 이미지를 결정짓는 중요한 요소이다.

Offboarding management is a crucial factor in determining a company's brand image.

Verb '결정짓다' (to determine).

ترکیب‌های رایج

퇴직금을 받다

정년 퇴직

명예 퇴직

퇴직을 앞두다

퇴직 사유

퇴직 연금

퇴직 처리를 하다

조기 퇴직

퇴직 기념

퇴직 증명서

عبارات رایج

퇴직을 결심하다

— To decide to retire or quit. Used when the decision was difficult or long-considered.

오랜 고민 끝에 퇴직을 결심했습니다.

퇴직 날짜를 잡다

— To set a retirement date. Common when planning the final days of work.

드디어 퇴직 날짜를 잡았어요.

퇴직 인사를 하다

— To say one's goodbyes upon leaving a job.

동료들에게 퇴직 인사를 하러 다녔다.

퇴직 후에

— After retirement. A very common phrase for discussing future plans.

퇴직 후에 시골로 내려갈 거예요.

퇴직이 얼마 남지 않다

— Retirement is not far away. Used by those nearing the end of their career.

이제 퇴직이 얼마 남지 않았네요.

퇴직을 강요하다

— To force someone to retire. Used in negative corporate contexts.

회사에서 퇴직을 강요받았다.

퇴직 선물

— A retirement gift given by colleagues or family.

퇴직 선물로 꽃다발을 준비했다.

퇴직 수당

— Severance pay or retirement allowance. Similar to 퇴직금 but sometimes used for specific bonuses.

퇴직 수당을 포함해 정산했다.

퇴직 희망자

— A person who wishes to retire/resign. Often used in voluntary retirement calls.

회사는 퇴직 희망자를 모집하고 있다.

퇴직 절차

— The formal procedure for leaving a job.

퇴직 절차가 꽤 복잡하네요.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

퇴직 vs 은퇴

Eun-toe is for retiring from a whole field (like sports); Toe-jik is for leaving a job/company.

퇴직 vs 퇴사

Toe-sa is simply leaving a company (often for another job); Toe-jik is more formal and often implies the end of a long term.

퇴직 vs 휴직

Hyu-jik is a temporary leave of absence; Toe-jik is permanent departure.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"제2의 인생"

— Literally 'the second life.' Often refers to the new life or career one starts after 퇴직.

퇴직은 제2의 인생의 시작입니다.

Optimistic/Common

"옷을 벗다"

— Literally 'to take off one's clothes.' Idiomatically used for high officials (police, military, politicians) leaving their post.

그 장군은 30년 군 생활을 마치고 옷을 벗었다.

Formal/Metaphorical

"짐을 싸다"

— Literally 'to pack one's bags.' Can mean quitting or being fired suddenly.

그는 오늘 회사에서 짐을 쌌다.

Informal

"직장을 떠나다"

— To leave the workplace. A softer, more poetic way to say 퇴직하다.

그는 정든 직장을 떠나며 눈물을 흘렸다.

Emotional

"현직에서 물러나다"

— To step down from active duty. Used for professionals moving to advisory roles.

그는 현직에서 물러나 고문으로 남았다.

Formal

"강 건너 불구경"

— Watching a fire from across the river (indifference). Often used by retirees looking back at office politics.

퇴직하니 회사 싸움도 강 건너 불구경이다.

Colloquial

"찬물 끼얹기"

— Throwing cold water (spoiling the mood). Used if someone talks about 퇴직 during a celebratory party.

분위기 좋은데 퇴직 얘기로 찬물 끼얹지 마.

Colloquial

"발을 빼다"

— To pull one's foot out. To withdraw from a situation or job.

그는 이제 사업에서 발을 빼고 퇴직하려 한다.

Idiomatic

"꽃길만 걷다"

— To walk only on flower paths. A common well-wish for someone who has just retired.

퇴직 후에는 꽃길만 걸으세요.

Social/Modern

"황금빛 노후"

— Golden old age. Refers to a wealthy and comfortable life after retirement.

그는 황금빛 노후를 위해 저축을 많이 했다.

Literary

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

퇴직 vs 퇴학

Similar sound ('toe' prefix).

Toe-hak is leaving school; Toe-jik is leaving work.

그는 학교에서 퇴학당했다 (He was expelled from school).

퇴직 vs 사직

Both mean leaving a job.

Sa-jik focuses on the act of resigning (often voluntary); Toe-jik is the state of departure (can be mandatory).

사직서를 냈다 (Submitted a resignation).

퇴직 vs 해고

Both involve leaving a job.

Hae-go is being fired (involuntary); Toe-jik is a general term (can be voluntary or mandatory).

그는 갑자기 해고당했다 (He was suddenly fired).

퇴직 vs 이직

Both involve leaving a job.

I-jik means moving to a *different* job immediately; Toe-jik just means leaving the current one.

그는 연봉 때문에 이직했다 (He changed jobs for a higher salary).

퇴직 vs 감원

Both involve people leaving work.

Gam-won is a reduction in force (layoffs) from the company's side; Toe-jik is the individual's departure.

회사가 구조조정으로 감원을 단행했다 (The company carried out layoffs due to restructuring).

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

[Subject]은/는 퇴직했어요.

할아버지는 퇴직했어요.

퇴직 후에 [Action]하고 싶어요.

퇴직 후에 쉬고 싶어요.

[Duration] 동안 일하고 퇴직했다.

10년 동안 일하고 퇴직했다.

퇴직금을 [Verb-action].

퇴직금을 저축했어요.

건강상의 이유로 퇴직하게 되었다.

그는 건강상의 이유로 퇴직하게 되었다.

[Person]께서 정년퇴직을 하셨다.

부장님께서 정년퇴직을 하셨다.

퇴직을 계기로 [Change].

퇴직을 계기로 귀농을 결정했다.

퇴직이 사회에 미치는 영향은 [Description].

퇴직이 사회에 미치는 영향은 막대하다.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

퇴직자 (retiree)

퇴직금 (severance pay)

퇴직연금 (retirement pension)

정년퇴직 (mandatory retirement)

명예퇴직 (honorary retirement)

فعل‌ها

퇴직하다 (to retire/leave a job)

퇴직시키다 (to make someone retire/fire)

صفت‌ها

퇴직한 (retired - participle form)

مرتبط

은퇴 (retirement from career)

퇴사 (leaving company)

사직 (resignation)

해고 (firing)

실직 (unemployment)

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Very High in professional and adult social contexts.

اشتباهات رایج

Using 퇴직 for a student leaving school. → 퇴학 (toe-hak)
Students 'retire' from school using the 'hak' (school) root, not 'jik' (job).
Using 퇴직 for an athlete's retirement. → 은퇴 (eun-toe)
Athletes retire from their career field, which requires 'eun-toe'.
Saying '퇴직해요' about a grandfather. → 퇴직하셨어요
You must use the honorific '-si-' for elders.
Confusing 퇴직 with 퇴근 (toe-geun). → 퇴근 (leaving work for the day)
Toe-geun is going home at 6 PM; Toe-jik is leaving the job permanently.
Using 퇴직금 to mean a monthly salary. → 월급 (wol-geup)
Toe-jik-geum is only paid once at the end of employment.

نکات

The 'Second Life'

In Korea, retirement is often called 'the start of the second life.' It's a time for people to do things they couldn't do while working 12 hours a day.

Honorifics Matter

Always use '퇴직하셨습니다' instead of '퇴직했습니다' when talking about your parents or boss. It shows respect for their long career.

Hanja Roots

Remembering 'Toe' (退 - retreat) and 'Jik' (職 - job) will help you understand other words like '사직' and '이직'.

Severance Pay

Always remember the word '퇴직금.' It is a huge part of Korean work culture and financial planning.

Retirement Greetings

When someone retires, it's polite to mention their 'gosaeng' (hardship/effort). Say '고생하셨습니다'.

Company vs Career

If you just quit a job to move to another, use '퇴사'. If you are retiring permanently or from a long-term post, use '퇴직'.

Pension Types

Learn the difference between '퇴직금' (one-time payment) and '퇴직연금' (monthly pension).

FIRE Movement

Younger Koreans use '조기 퇴직' when talking about the FIRE movement (Financial Independence, Retire Early).

Resignation Reason

If you don't want to give a specific reason on a form, write '일신상의 사유' (for personal reasons).

News Keywords

In news about the economy, '퇴직' is almost always linked with '고령화' (aging population).

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 'TOE' (퇴) as stepping your 'toe' back away from your 'JOB' (jik). You are stepping away from your work.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a person leaving their office for the last time, carrying a box, and stepping through a door marked 'EXIT' (which starts with 'E', but think of the 'T' in '퇴' as a 'Turn' away from work).

شبکه واژگان

퇴직금 (Money) 정년 (Age) 은퇴 (Career) 회사 (Company) 연금 (Pension) 사직서 (Letter) 동료 (Colleagues) 자유 (Freedom)

چالش

Try to write three things you want to do after your '퇴직' (even if you are a student, imagine your future retirement) using the pattern '퇴직 후에 ~하고 싶어요.'

ریشه کلمه

Derived from Sino-Korean (Hanja) roots. It is a combination of two characters: 退 and 職.

معنای اصلی: 退 (퇴) means 'to retreat, withdraw, or step back.' 職 (직) means 'duty, office, or job.' Together, they literally mean 'to withdraw from one's duty.'

Sino-Korean (Hanja)

بافت فرهنگی

Be careful when asking someone if they 'want to retire' (퇴직하고 싶어요?), as it might imply they are old or incompetent. Use '퇴직' carefully in sensitive corporate situations.

In the US or UK, retirement is often seen as a deserved rest. In Korea, it is sometimes viewed with anxiety due to the lack of a strong state pension compared to some European countries.

The movie 'Ode to My Father' (국제시장) depicts the life-long labor and eventual retirement of a man from the older generation. The 'FIRE' (Financial Independence, Retire Early) movement is popular among young Koreans, called 'Jo-gi Toe-jik'.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Office/HR

퇴직금을 정산하다
퇴직 처리를 완료하다
사직서를 제출하다
인수인계를 하다

Family Talk

퇴직 후에 뭐 하실 거예요?
그동안 고생 많으셨어요
퇴직 기념 파티
할아버지의 퇴직

Banking/Finance

퇴직 연금 가입
개인형 IRP
노후 자금 설계
퇴직금 수령

News/Society

정년 연장 논란
조기 퇴직 열풍
퇴직자 재교육
고령화와 퇴직

Legal/Contracts

퇴직 급여법
부당 퇴직
퇴직 효력 발생
권고사직

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"부모님은 퇴직 후에 어떤 생활을 하고 계세요? (What kind of life are your parents living after retirement?)"

"당신은 몇 살에 퇴직하고 싶나요? (At what age do you want to retire?)"

"퇴직금을 받으면 가장 먼저 무엇을 하고 싶으세요? (If you receive retirement pay, what do you want to do first?)"

"한국의 정년 퇴직 나이에 대해 어떻게 생각하세요? (What do you think about the mandatory retirement age in Korea?)"

"퇴직 후에 새로운 기술을 배우고 싶으신가요? (Do you want to learn a new skill after retirement?)"

موضوعات نگارش

나의 완벽한 퇴직 후의 하루는 어떤 모습일까? (What would my perfect post-retirement day look like?)

퇴직이 인생의 끝일까, 아니면 새로운 시작일까? (Is retirement the end of life, or a new beginning?)

만약 내가 내일 당장 퇴직한다면, 가장 그리울 것은 무엇일까? (If I were to retire tomorrow, what would I miss the most?)

조기 퇴직(FIRE)에 대한 나의 생각 정리하기. (Organizing my thoughts on early retirement/FIRE.)

우리 사회가 퇴직자들을 위해 더 준비해야 할 것은 무엇일까? (What more should our society prepare for retirees?)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

퇴사 (toe-sa) is more commonly used by younger people when they quit one job to go to another. 퇴직 (toe-jik) is more formal and is often used for long-term retirement or in legal/financial documents like 'severance pay' (퇴직금).

Use 은퇴 (eun-toe) when someone is retiring from their entire profession, like a professional athlete, a famous singer, or a politician. Use 퇴직 when they are specifically leaving their current company or office.

Yes, according to Korean labor law, if an employee works for more than one year and more than 15 hours a week, they are entitled to 'toe-jik-geum' (severance pay) upon leaving the company.

You can say '조기 퇴직하고 싶어요' (I want to retire early) or '빨리 은퇴하고 싶어요' if you mean retiring from working altogether.

It literally means 'honorary retirement.' It is a form of voluntary early retirement where a company offers a large bonus to employees who agree to leave before their mandatory retirement age, usually during restructuring.

Technically yes, but it sounds very formal. For part-time jobs (alba), people usually say '그만두다' (to quit) or '알바 끝났다' (part-time job finished).

The legal mandatory retirement age (정년) is currently 60, but there are ongoing social debates about increasing it to 65 due to the aging population.

A common phrase is '퇴직을 축하드립니다' (Congratulations on your retirement) or '그동안 수고 많으셨습니다' (You have worked hard all this time).

Yes, '선생님이 퇴직하셨어요' is correct and formal. You can also use '정년퇴직' if they reached the age limit for teachers.

It means 'retirement pension.' It is a system where the company or the individual saves money in a fund to be paid out as a pension after they leave the job.

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