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A2 verb #7,000 پرکاربردترین 10 دقیقه مطالعه

과외하다

gwaoehada رتبه 7,000

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 과외하다 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 과외하다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should know that '과외하다' means 'to teach someone privately' or 'to take private lessons.' It's a word you might use when talking about your hobbies or what you do after school. For example, if you are learning Korean from a private teacher, you can say '저는 한국어 과외를 해요.' However, it's easier to remember it as 'private class.' At this stage, just focus on the fact that it involves a teacher and one or two students, not a big school. You will often see it used with subjects like English (영어) or Math (수학). It is a combination of '과외' (private lesson) and '하다' (to do). You can use it to describe a part-time job or a way of studying. Even at a basic level, knowing this word helps you understand Korean culture because many students in Korea do this. Remember: 과외 (private lesson) + 하다 (to do).

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At the A2 level, you can start using '과외하다' more naturally in sentences about your daily routine or work. You should understand the difference between '과외하다' (to tutor/take tutoring) and '학원에 다니다' (to go to a private academy). While a 'hagwon' is a school building, '과외' is usually at home. You can also learn the phrase '과외를 받다' which specifically means 'to receive tutoring.' This is useful if you are the student. For example, '저는 일주일에 두 번 영어 과외를 받아요' (I receive English tutoring twice a week). You might also talk about money, like '과외비' (tutoring fee). If you are a university student, you can say '과외 아르바이트를 해요' (I do a tutoring part-time job). This level is about expanding the context of where and why you do tutoring. It's a very common topic for making small talk with Koreans about their school days or their children.

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable with the various grammatical forms of '과외하다' and its nuances in different social contexts. You can use it to describe your past experiences in detail, such as '고등학생 때 수학 과외를 한 적이 있어요' (I have experience tutoring math when I was in high school). You should also understand related terms like '그룹 과외' (group tutoring) or '방문 과외' (visiting tutoring). At this level, you can discuss the pros and cons of private tutoring compared to school education. You will notice that '과외하다' is often used in the progressive form '-고 있다' because tutoring is usually an ongoing activity. You can also use it with connecting particles like '-기 위해' (in order to), as in '성적을 올리기 위해 과외를 시작했어요' (I started tutoring to raise my grades). Understanding the social expectation of tutoring in Korea becomes more important at this level.

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At the B2 level, you can engage in more complex discussions about the role of '과외하다' in the Korean education system. You can talk about '사교육' (private education) and how '과외' contributes to the '교육열' (education fever). You should be able to understand news articles or dramas that mention '고액 과외' (expensive tutoring) and the social issues surrounding it. You can use the word in more formal structures, such as '과외를 통해 부족한 과목을 보충하다' (to supplement weak subjects through tutoring). You should also be aware of the legal aspects, such as '불법 과외' (illegal tutoring), which refers to tutoring without proper registration or on an improper visa. At this level, your vocabulary should include synonyms like '개인 지도' or '학습 지도' to vary your speech depending on the formality of the situation. You can also describe the tutor-student dynamic using more nuanced verbs.

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At the C1 level, you should have a deep understanding of the socio-economic implications of '과외하다.' You can analyze how the prevalence of private tutoring affects the public education system and social mobility. You should be able to use the word in academic or professional contexts, discussing '과외 교습의 효과성' (the effectiveness of private instruction). You will understand idiomatic expressions and the subtle social hierarchy involved in choosing a tutor from a 'SKY' university (Seoul National, Korea, Yonsei). You can debate the ethics of '선행 학습' (advance learning) often done through '과외.' Your usage should be flawless, incorporating complex grammar like '-ㄹ 뿐만 아니라' or '-음에도 불구하고' to discuss tutoring. You can also understand the historical context of why tutoring was once banned and how the market has evolved into the multi-billion dollar industry it is today, including the rise of '인강' (online lectures) as a competitor to traditional '과외.'

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At the C2 level, you can master the most subtle nuances of '과외하다' and its related discourse. You can critique educational policies regarding '사교육비 경감 대책' (measures to reduce private education costs) and the '과외 시장의 양극화' (polarization of the tutoring market). You are able to interpret literary or cinematic references to tutoring as a symbol of class struggle or parental obsession. You can use the term in high-level policy discussions or academic research regarding '자기주도 학습' (self-directed learning) versus '의존적 과외 학습' (dependent tutoring learning). You understand the full range of registers, from the slang university students use to describe their '꿀과외' (an easy, well-paying tutoring job) to the highly formal terminology used in the Ministry of Education's legal codes. Your command of the word is indistinguishable from a native speaker who is well-versed in Korea's complex social and educational fabric.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

과외하다 در ۳۰ ثانیه

과외하다 refers to private tutoring, a major part of the Korean education system, usually done at home or in cafes for school subjects.
It can mean both giving and receiving lessons, though '과외를 받다' is more common for students and '과외를 하다' for teachers.
This verb is heavily associated with university students working part-time and parents investing in their children's competitive exam preparation.
Commonly used with subjects like English (영어) and Math (수학), it represents the personalized side of Korea's massive private education market.

The Korean verb 과외하다 (gwa-oe-hada) is a cornerstone of South Korean social and educational discourse. Etymologically, it is composed of the Hanja characters '과' (課 - lesson/subject) and '외' (外 - outside), followed by the functional verb '하다' (to do). Thus, it literally translates to 'to do something outside of the regular curriculum.' In a practical sense, it refers specifically to the act of giving or receiving private lessons, usually in a one-on-one or very small group setting. Unlike a '학원' (hagwon), which is a private academy or commercial school with multiple classrooms and many students, 과외 is intimate, personalized, and often takes place at either the student's or the tutor's home. It is widely considered one of the most effective, albeit expensive, ways to improve academic performance in the highly competitive Korean education system.

Academic Context: In the context of the 'Education Fever' (교육열) in Korea, 과외하다 is the verb used when a university student takes a part-time job as a tutor or when a professional tutor provides specialized instruction in subjects like Mathematics, English, or Korean to help students prepare for the Suneung (CSAT).
Economic Context: For university students, 과외하다 represents a premium part-time job (알바). Because it pays significantly more per hour than working at a convenience store or cafe, it is a highly sought-after role for students from prestigious universities like SNU, Korea University, or Yonsei.
Social Context: Among parents, mentioning that their child is 'doing 과외' often carries a certain social weight, implying that they are investing heavily in their child's future. It is a word that appears frequently in K-Dramas like 'Sky Castle' or 'Crash Course in Romance,' where the drama revolves around the intense world of private tutoring.

대학생 때 용돈을 벌기 위해 수학을 과외했어요.
— "I tutored math to earn pocket money when I was a university student."

우리 아이는 영어 성적을 올리려고 원어민 선생님께 과외하고 있어요.
— "My child is getting private lessons from a native teacher to improve their English grades."

Historically, the act of 과외 has been so influential in Korea that the government once banned it in the 1980s to curb social inequality, though the ban was eventually ruled unconstitutional. Today, it remains a ubiquitous part of life. It’s important to note that the verb can be used by both the teacher and the student/parent, though '과외를 받다' (to receive tutoring) is more specific for the student, and '과외를 하다' is the general active form used by the tutor. However, in casual conversation, a parent might say "우리 애 과외해요" (My kid does tutoring), meaning the kid is receiving the lessons.

요즘은 비대면으로 화상 과외를 하는 사람들도 많아졌어요.
— "These days, many people are doing video tutoring remotely."

Using 과외하다 correctly requires understanding its role as a '하다' verb derived from a noun. You can use it as a single unit (과외하다) or separate it with the object marker (과외를 하다). The latter is slightly more emphatic about the 'act' of tutoring. When you want to specify the subject being taught, you place the subject noun before the verb, often followed by the object marker '를/을'. For example, '영어를 과외하다' (to tutor English). If you are the student receiving the lesson, while you can say '과외하다', it is much more natural to say 과외를 받다 (to receive tutoring). Conversely, if you are the teacher, you might say 과외를 가르치다 (to teach a private lesson), though '과외하다' alone usually suffices to mean 'I am working as a tutor.'

Sentence Structure: The Tutor: [Tutor] + [Subject] + [Object Marker] + 과외하다.
Example: "저는 고등학생들에게 수학을 과외해요." (I tutor math to high school students.)
Sentence Structure: The Student: [Student] + [Subject] + [Object Marker] + 과외 받다.
Example: "제 동생은 피아노 과외를 받고 있어요." (My younger sibling is taking private piano lessons.)
Temporal Usage: Because tutoring is often an ongoing commitment, it is frequently used in the progressive form '-고 있다'.
Example: "지금 과외하고 있어서 전화를 못 받아요." (I'm tutoring right now, so I can't answer the phone.)

일주일에 두 번씩 중학생 과외를 해요.
— "I do tutoring for a middle school student twice a week."

When discussing the location of the tutoring, you use the particle '에서'. However, if the tutoring happens 'at home', the phrase '방문 과외' (visiting tutoring) is often used to describe the service. If you are looking for a tutor, you might say "과외를 구하다" (to look for tutoring/a tutor). If you have successfully started a tutoring arrangement, you say "과외를 붙이다" (to attach/set up a tutor for someone, usually one's child). The versatility of this word allows it to cover various academic, artistic, and even physical activities, provided they are private and instructional.

시험 기간이라 과외 시간을 늘렸어요.
— "Since it's the exam period, I increased the tutoring hours."

그 선생님은 과외하기로 유명해요.
— "That teacher is famous for their private tutoring."

In South Korea, you will hear 과외하다 in almost every corner of daily life related to education. It is a dominant topic of conversation among parents in neighborhood cafes, university students on campus, and even children at playgrounds. In a typical Korean neighborhood, you might see flyers on apartment bulletin boards or lamp posts that say "수학/영어 과외 합니다" (Math/English tutoring available). These ads often highlight the tutor's alma mater, as the prestige of the university is a major selling point for parents looking for high-quality instruction.

On University Campuses: Students often discuss their '과외' schedules. You might hear: "나 오늘 과외 있어서 동아리 모임 못 가." (I have tutoring today, so I can't go to the club meeting.) Here, the student is the teacher.
In Residential Areas: Parents compare notes on tutors. "옆집 민수도 그 선생님한테 과외한대요." (I heard Minsu next door is also tutoring with that teacher.) This highlights the word-of-mouth nature of the tutoring market.
In Popular Media: K-Dramas frequently use '과외' as a plot device. Whether it's a poor student tutoring a rich one (like in the movie 'Parasite') or the intense competition of 'Sky Castle,' the word is synonymous with academic ambition and social mobility.

방학 동안 과외를 해서 여행비를 모았어요.
— "I saved up for travel money by tutoring during the vacation."

The word also appears in news reports discussing the 'private education market' (사교육 시장). Reporters often use '과외' when discussing the rising costs of living or the inequality in educational opportunities. You might hear phrases like '고액 과외' (high-priced tutoring), which refers to lessons that cost thousands of dollars a month and are usually reserved for the elite. Conversely, '그룹 과외' (group tutoring) is a more affordable option where 3-4 students share the cost of a tutor. In all these contexts, '과외하다' is the active verb that powers the discussion.

어머니들 사이에서 그 과외 선생님이 아주 유명해요.
— "That tutor is very famous among the mothers."

요즘은 성인들도 취업을 위해 영어 과외를 많이 해요.
— "These days, adults also do a lot of English tutoring for employment."

While 과외하다 seems straightforward, learners often stumble over its specific nuances compared to other educational terms. One of the most frequent errors is confusing it with 학원에 다니다 (to attend an academy). A '학원' is a physical school building where you go to sit in a classroom with others. '과외' is specifically private tutoring. If you are being taught one-on-one at a cafe or home, you are '과외'ing, not '학원'ing. Using these interchangeably can lead to confusion about the nature of your study environment.

Mistake 1: Confusing the Role: Learners often say "저는 영어를 과외해요" when they mean they are *taking* lessons. While technically '과외하다' can be used by both sides, it is much clearer for a student to say "과외를 받아요" (I receive tutoring). Using '과외해요' alone usually suggests you are the teacher.
Mistake 2: Subject-Particle Mismatch: When specifying the student you are teaching, you must use the dative particle '-에게' or '-한테'. Saying "학생을 과외하다" is common, but "학생에게 영어를 과외하다" (Tutoring English to a student) is more precise when describing the interaction.
Mistake 3: Overuse for Non-Academic Subjects: While you can use it for piano or art, you wouldn't typically use '과외하다' for a gym membership or a large group yoga class. For those, '레슨을 받다' (to take a lesson) or '배우다' (to learn) is more appropriate. '과외' implies an academic or skill-based 'curriculum' being taught privately.

Incorrect: 학교에서 수학을 과외해요.
Correct: 학교에서 수학을 가르쳐요.
— "You don't 'tutor' in a school; you 'teach' (가르치다)."

Another subtle mistake is the register. '과외하다' is a neutral, everyday term. In highly formal academic papers, you might see '개인 교습' (private instruction), but using '개인 교습' in a casual chat with friends would sound overly stiff. Conversely, using '과외' to describe a university professor giving a lecture is incorrect; that is '강의하다'. Always remember that '과외' is defined by its 'outside the system' and 'private' nature.

Incorrect: 저는 선생님께 수학을 과외해요.
Correct: 저는 선생님께 수학 과외를 받아요.
— "If you are the student, '받다' (receive) is much more natural."

과외 선생님이 오시는 날이에요.
— "It's the day the tutor is coming (not 'the day I do tutoring')."

To truly master Korean, you need to know when to use 과외하다 versus its synonyms. While they all relate to education, their contexts are distinct. The most common alternative is 가르치다 (to teach), which is the broad umbrella term for any instructional activity. Another is 지도하다 (to guide/coach), which is often used in a more professional or athletic context. Then there is 교습하다 (to give lessons), which is a more formal, technical term often found in legal documents or business names (e.g., '피아노 교습소').

과외하다 vs. 가르치다: 가르치다 is general. A mother teaches a child to walk (가르치다), a professor teaches a class (가르치다). 과외하다 is specifically private, paid tutoring outside of school. You wouldn't say a mother '과외하다' her own child unless it's a very specific, structured academic session.
과외하다 vs. 학원에 다니다: 학원에 다니다 (going to an academy) implies a commercial institution. 과외하다 is personal. If you say "학원 과외," it usually refers to small-group tutoring hosted within an academy building, but the standard '과외' is usually at home.
과외하다 vs. 레슨(을) 받다/하다: '레슨' (Lesson) is a loanword used primarily for arts and sports (piano, golf, violin). While you *can* say '피아노 과외', '피아노 레슨' is much more common. '과외' is heavily associated with 'school subjects' (math, English, science).

그분은 학생들을 참 잘 지도해 주세요.
— "That person guides/coaches the students very well (more respectful than 과외하다)."

In formal settings, such as a resume, you might use the term 개인 지도 (individual guidance) or 학습 지도 (learning guidance). If you are referring to a mentor-mentee relationship that isn't necessarily paid, 멘토링 (mentoring) is the preferred word. Understanding these distinctions helps you navigate the social hierarchy and context of Korean society. For instance, if you want to sound more professional about your tutoring job, you might say "학생의 학습을 지도하고 있습니다" instead of just "과외해요."

요즘 골프 레슨을 시작했어요.
— "I started taking golf lessons recently (instead of 'golf 과외')."

전문적인 교습이 필요합니다.
— "Professional instruction/lessons are required (highly formal)."

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

In the 1980s, the South Korean government under Chun Doo-hwan actually banned all forms of '과외' to ensure educational equality. This led to a massive black market for tutoring until the ban was lifted.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /ɡwa.ø.ɦa.da/

US /ɡwɑ.weɪ.hɑ.dɑ/

Stress is even across all syllables, typical of the Korean language, though a slight emphasis might fall on the first syllable '과'.

هم‌قافیه با

노래하다 (noraehada) 요리하다 (yorihada) 공부하다 (gongbuhada) 이사하다 (isahada) 준비하다 (junbihada) 전화하다 (jeonhwahada) 산책하다 (sanchaekada) 사고하다 (sagohada)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing '과' as '가' (ga).
Making the 'h' in '하다' too strong or silent.
Stressing the 'oe' like a long English 'O'.
Pronouncing 'oe' as a distinct 'o' then 'e' instead of a combined sound.
Failing to aspirate the 'h' properly in rapid speech.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 2/5

Easy to recognize in texts once the Hanja roots are known.

نوشتن 3/5

Requires correct particle usage (를 vs 에게).

صحبت کردن 2/5

Commonly used, easy to pronounce.

گوش دادن 2/5

Very frequent in daily conversation and media.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

하다 가르치다 공부 학교 선생님

بعداً یاد بگیرید

학원 성적 시험 입시 장학금

پیشرفته

사교육 공교육 교육열 선행학습 자기주도학습

گرامر لازم

N + 를/을 과외하다

영어를 과외하다 (To tutor English)

N + 에게 과외를 받다

선생님에게 과외를 받다 (To receive tutoring from a teacher)

V + 기 위해 과외하다

돈을 벌기 위해 과외하다 (To tutor in order to earn money)

V + ㄴ 적이 있다 (Past Experience)

과외를 한 적이 있어요 (I have experience tutoring)

V + 는 중이다 (Current Action)

과외를 하는 중이에요 (I am in the middle of tutoring)

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

저는 영어 과외를 해요.

I do English tutoring.

Simple Subject + Object + Verb structure.

수학 과외는 재미있어요.

Math tutoring is fun.

Using the topic marker -는.

과외 선생님은 친절해요.

The tutor is kind.

Descriptive sentence with an adjective.

내일 과외가 있어요.

I have tutoring tomorrow.

Using -가 있다 to indicate possession/existence.

어디에서 과외해요?

Where do you tutor?

Question form with the location particle -에서.

집에서 과외를 해요.

I do tutoring at home.

Location particle -에서 used with an action.

한국어 과외를 받고 싶어요.

I want to receive Korean tutoring.

-고 싶다 expresses desire.

과외는 한 시간에 얼마예요?

How much is tutoring per hour?

Asking for a price/rate.

대학생 때 수학 과외를 많이 했어요.

I did a lot of math tutoring when I was a university student.

Past tense -았/었/했어요.

제 동생은 지금 영어 과외를 받고 있어요.

My younger sibling is receiving English tutoring now.

Progressive form -고 있다.

과외비가 너무 비싸서 걱정이에요.

I'm worried because the tutoring fee is too expensive.

Reasoning with -아서/어서.

좋은 과외 선생님을 구하기 힘들어요.

It's hard to find a good tutor.

-기 힘들다 means 'hard to do something'.

일주일에 세 번 과외를 하기로 했어요.

I decided to do tutoring three times a week.

-기로 하다 indicates a decision or plan.

과외를 하면 돈을 많이 벌 수 있어요.

If you tutor, you can earn a lot of money.

Conditional -면 and ability -ㄹ 수 있다.

시험을 잘 보려고 과외를 시작했어요.

I started tutoring to do well on the exam.

-으려고 expresses purpose.

우리 아이는 방문 과외를 하고 있어요.

My child is doing visiting tutoring (tutor comes to home).

Specific noun '방문 과외'.

성적이 오르지 않아서 과외를 바꾸기로 했어요.

Since my grades didn't go up, I decided to change my tutor.

Negation -지 않다 and decision -기로 하다.

과외를 시작한 지 벌써 세 달이 되었네요.

It's already been three months since I started tutoring.

-ㄴ 지 [time] 되다 marks elapsed time.

선생님께서 아주 열정적으로 과외해 주셔서 감사해요.

I'm thankful because the teacher tutors so passionately.

Adverbial -게 and honorific -어 주시다.

요즘은 카페에서 과외를 하는 사람들을 자주 봐요.

These days, I often see people tutoring in cafes.

Noun modifying form -는.

과외 시간 약속을 지키는 것이 중요합니다.

It is important to keep the tutoring time appointment.

Gerund form -는 것.

혼자 공부하는 것보다 과외를 받는 게 더 효과적이에요.

Receiving tutoring is more effective than studying alone.

Comparison -보다.

과외 선생님이 숙제를 너무 많이 내주셔서 힘들어요.

It's hard because the tutor gives too much homework.

Causative/Benefactive -어 주시다 and reason -어서.

방학 때만 잠깐 과외를 할 계획이에요.

I plan to tutor briefly only during the vacation.

Noun '계획' (plan).

한국의 사교육 시장에서 과외는 큰 비중을 차지합니다.

Tutoring occupies a large portion of the private education market in Korea.

Formal academic tone.

부모님의 교육열 때문에 어릴 때부터 과외를 받았어요.

Because of my parents' education fever, I've received tutoring since I was young.

Causation noun '때문에'.

고액 과외는 사회적 불평등을 심화시킨다는 비판이 있습니다.

There is criticism that high-priced tutoring deepens social inequality.

Quoting form -ㄴ다는.

과외를 통해 자신의 취약한 부분을 집중적으로 보완할 수 있습니다.

Through tutoring, you can intensively supplement your weak areas.

Instrumental -를 통해.

정부는 불법 과외를 단속하기 위해 노력하고 있습니다.

The government is working to crack down on illegal tutoring.

Purpose -기 위해.

과외 선생님의 실력뿐만 아니라 인성도 중요하게 생각해요.

I consider not only the tutor's skill but also their character to be important.

-ㄹ 뿐만 아니라 (not only... but also).

비대면 과외가 활성화되면서 장소의 제약이 사라졌습니다.

As non-face-to-face tutoring became active, spatial constraints disappeared.

Conjunctive -면서.

과외 경험은 나중에 교사가 되고 싶은 저에게 큰 도움이 될 거예요.

The tutoring experience will be a great help to me, who wants to become a teacher later.

Future tense -ㄹ 거예요.

과도한 과외 학습이 학생들의 창의성을 저해한다는 지적이 제기되고 있습니다.

Pointed remarks are being raised that excessive tutoring learning hinders students' creativity.

Passive voice and formal reporting style.

과외 시장의 팽창은 공교육의 정상화를 가로막는 주요 원인 중 하나입니다.

The expansion of the tutoring market is one of the main causes blocking the normalization of public education.

Complex noun phrases.

그녀는 명문대 입학을 목표로 하는 학생들에게 입시 과외를 전문으로 합니다.

She specializes in entrance exam tutoring for students aiming for prestigious universities.

Targeting -를 목표로 하는.

과외 교습소 운영을 위해서는 교육청에 반드시 신고해야 합니다.

To operate a tutoring center, one must definitely report to the Office of Education.

Necessity -해야 합니다.

맞춤형 과외는 학생 개개인의 학습 속도를 존중할 수 있다는 장점이 있습니다.

Customized tutoring has the advantage of being able to respect each student's learning pace.

Attributive form -ㄴ다는.

경제적 여건에 따른 과외 기회의 격차가 교육의 기회 균등을 해치고 있습니다.

The gap in tutoring opportunities based on economic conditions is harming the equality of educational opportunity.

Abstract social terminology.

과외를 단순히 지식 전달의 수단으로만 봐서는 안 됩니다.

One should not view tutoring simply as a means of knowledge transfer.

Prohibition -아서는 안 된다.

성인 학습자들 사이에서도 자기계발을 위한 일대일 과외가 인기를 끌고 있습니다.

One-on-one tutoring for self-development is gaining popularity even among adult learners.

Prevalence expression '인기를 끌다'.

사교육비 지출의 상당 부분이 과외에 집중되어 있는 현실은 가계 경제에 큰 부담이 됩니다.

The reality that a significant portion of private education expenditure is concentrated on tutoring is a heavy burden on household finances.

Sophisticated subject-predicate linkage.

과외 시장의 음성화는 세금 탈루와 같은 또 다른 사회적 문제를 야기할 수 있습니다.

The underground nature of some parts of the tutoring market can cause other social problems such as tax evasion.

Advanced vocabulary like '음성화' and '야기하다'.

선행 학습 금지법에도 불구하고 변칙적인 과외 행태는 여전히 기승을 부리고 있습니다.

Despite the law banning advanced learning, irregular tutoring behaviors are still rampant.

Concessive -에도 불구하고.

과외 교습의 질적 수준을 담보하기 위한 제도적 장치 마련이 시급합니다.

It is urgent to prepare institutional mechanisms to guarantee the qualitative level of tutoring instruction.

Formal administrative language.

지나친 과외 의존은 학생들의 자기주도적 학습 능력을 퇴화시킬 우려가 있습니다.

There is a concern that excessive dependence on tutoring may degenerate students' self-directed learning abilities.

Concern expression -ㄹ 우려가 있다.

과외는 공교육의 빈틈을 메우는 보완재로서의 역할과 공교육을 무력화하는 파괴재로서의 양면성을 지닙니다.

Tutoring possesses a duality as a complement that fills the gaps in public education and as a destructive force that neutralizes it.

Metaphorical and philosophical discourse.

학벌 위주의 사회 구조가 존속하는 한 과외 열풍은 쉽게 사그라지지 않을 것입니다.

As long as the educational background-oriented social structure persists, the tutoring fever will not easily die down.

Condition -는 한.

과외를 둘러싼 담론은 한국 사회의 뿌리 깊은 입신양명 사상과 궤를 같이합니다.

The discourse surrounding tutoring is in line with the deep-rooted ideology of rising in the world and gaining fame in Korean society.

Idiomatic formal expression '궤를 같이하다'.

ترکیب‌های رایج

과외를 구하다

과외를 받다

과외 선생님

고액 과외

방문 과외

그룹 과외

과외비

과외 알바

영어 과외

수학 과외

عبارات رایج

과외 자리

— A tutoring opening or position. Used when looking for a job.

좋은 과외 자리가 났어요.

과외 전단지

— A tutoring flyer used for advertising.

아파트 게시판에 과외 전단지를 붙였어요.

과외 중

— In the middle of tutoring. Used as a status.

지금 과외 중이라 나중에 연락할게요.

과외 경력

— Tutoring experience.

과외 경력이 5년이나 됩니다.

과외 학생

— The student being tutored.

제 과외 학생은 아주 똑똑해요.

과외 문의

— Inquiry about tutoring.

전화로 과외 문의가 들어왔어요.

화상 과외

— Video/Online tutoring.

지방에 살아서 화상 과외를 하고 있어요.

쪽집게 과외

— Tutoring that pinpoints exactly what will be on the exam.

그 선생님은 쪽집게 과외로 유명해요.

입시 과외

— Tutoring specifically for college entrance exams.

고3이라서 입시 과외를 시작했어요.

기초 과외

— Tutoring for basic/foundational levels.

기초 과외부터 차근차근 시작합시다.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

과외하다 vs 학원

Hagwon is a private school/academy building. Gwa-oe is private, usually 1-on-1 tutoring.

과외하다 vs 강의

Gang-ui is a lecture, usually given by a professor to a large group.

과외하다 vs 레슨

Lesson is usually for non-academic subjects like sports or music.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"과외 빨"

— The effect or 'boost' received from tutoring. If someone's grades jump, people say it's '과외 빨'.

성적이 오른 건 순전히 과외 빨이야.

Slang

"과외를 붙이다"

— To 'attach' a tutor to a student, meaning to hire one for them.

성적이 떨어져서 과외를 붙여줬어요.

Neutral

"꿀과외"

— A 'honey' tutoring job, meaning it's easy work for high pay.

학생이 착하고 돈도 많이 주는 꿀과외를 잡았어.

Slang

"과외 인생"

— A life dominated by tutoring, either as a perpetual tutor or a student buried in lessons.

대학 내내 과외 인생이었지.

Informal

"과외비를 떼이다"

— To have one's tutoring fee withheld or not paid by the parents.

열심히 가르쳤는데 과외비를 떼였어요.

Informal

"과외로 먹고살다"

— To make a living solely through tutoring.

그는 과외로 먹고사는 전문 과외꾼이다.

Neutral

"과외가 끊기다"

— To lose a tutoring job or have the lessons stop suddenly.

학생이 이사를 가서 과외가 끊겼어요.

Neutral

"과외를 돌리다"

— To run or manage multiple tutoring sessions in a row.

하루에 세 팀씩 과외를 돌려요.

Informal

"과외 시장"

— The metaphorical 'market' for private tutoring services.

과외 시장이 예전만 못해요.

Neutral

"과외 전선"

— The 'front line' of tutoring, implying the competitive nature of the field.

그는 다시 과외 전선에 뛰어들었다.

Informal

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

과외하다 vs 가르치다

Both involve teaching.

가르치다 is general; 과외하다 is private and paid.

엄마가 요리를 가르쳐요 (Correct) / 엄마가 요리를 과외해요 (Awkward unless she is a paid tutor).

과외하다 vs 공부하다

Both involve studying.

공부하다 is the act of studying; 과외하다 is the instructional arrangement.

도서관에서 공부해요 (Correct) / 도서관에서 과외해요 (Correct if with a tutor).

과외하다 vs 수업하다

Both involve classes.

수업하다 is generic for 'having a class' in any setting.

학교에서 수업해요 (Correct) / 학교에서 과외해요 (Incorrect).

과외하다 vs 배우다

Both involve learning.

배우다 is the student's action of learning; 과외하다 is the whole system.

한국어를 배워요 (Correct) / 한국어를 과외해요 (Can mean teaching or learning).

과외하다 vs 지도하다

Both involve guidance.

지도하다 is more professional and less focused on the 'extra-curricular' aspect.

선수를 지도하다 (Correct) / 선수를 과외하다 (Incorrect).

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

저는 [Subject] 과외를 해요.

저는 한국어 과외를 해요.

[Subject] 과외를 받고 싶어요.

영어 과외를 받고 싶어요.

[Time] 동안 [Subject] 과외를 했어요.

방학 동안 수학 과외를 했어요.

[Reason] 때문에 과외를 시작했어요.

시험 때문에 과외를 시작했어요.

[Person]에게 [Subject] 과외를 가르쳐요.

중학생에게 과학 과외를 가르쳐요.

과외를 통해 [Result].

과외를 통해 성적이 많이 올랐어요.

[Subject] 과외의 필요성이 대두되고 있다.

맞춤형 과외의 필요성이 대두되고 있다.

[Issue]에도 불구하고 과외 열풍은 [Result].

경기 불황에도 불구하고 과외 열풍은 식지 않고 있다.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

과외 (tutoring/extra-curricular)

과외비 (tutoring fee)

과외생 (tutoring student)

과외선생님 (tutor)

فعل‌ها

과외시키다 (to make someone tutor/to get someone tutored)

مرتبط

학원 (academy)

사교육 (private education)

가르치다 (to teach)

배우다 (to learn)

수업 (class)

برای دیدن همه مثال‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

نحوه استفاده

frequency

Extremely high in daily Korean life, especially among those aged 10-50.

اشتباهات رایج

Using 과외하다 for school teachers. → 가르치다
School teachers 'teach' (가르치다) in a classroom; they don't 'tutor' (과외하다) their own class.
Saying '과외를 가요' (I go to tutoring). → 과외하러 가요
Since 과외 is an action/noun, use the purpose particle -러 with the verb.
Confusing 과외 with 학원. → Use 과외 for private, 학원 for academy.
Learners often call their academy '과외', which confuses Koreans about the setting.
Missing the dative particle. → 학생에게 과외하다
When you specify the person you teach, you need '에게' or '한테'.
Using 과외 for a one-time help session. → 도와주다 / 가르쳐주다
과외 implies a regular, paid instructional arrangement, not just helping a friend once.

نکات

Learn the Hanja

Knowing that '외' means 'outside' helps you remember it's 'extra' curricular.

Prestige Matters

If you are looking for a tutor in Korea, their university name is usually the first thing people mention.

Use Particles

Don't forget '를/을' when specifying the subject. '영어를 과외해요' sounds much better than '영어 과외해요'.

Respect the Teacher

Even though it's a private arrangement, tutors are treated with the respect due to a teacher (선생님).

Progressive Form

Use '과외하고 있어요' when someone asks what you are doing these days for work.

Context Clues

If you hear '과외' in a drama, look for the 'SKY' university context.

Topic Marker

Use '과외는' when starting a sentence about the general concept of tutoring.

Pair with Subjects

Practice the word by pairing it with every subject you know: 수학, 영어, 과학, 사회.

Use the App

If you are in Korea and eligible to work, check out the 'Kim Gwa-oe' app to see how the market works.

Snacks

In Korea, it's traditional for the student's mother to provide snacks and drinks to the tutor during the session.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 'Gwa' as 'Go' and 'Oe' as 'Outside'. You 'Go Outside' the school system to 'Do' (Hada) extra study.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a university student sitting at a dining table with a younger kid, a glass of orange juice between them, and a math book open.

شبکه واژگان

Math English Money Teacher Student Home Exam Pressure

چالش

Try to say 'I want to tutor English' in Korean to a friend today: '영어를 과외하고 싶어요.'

ریشه کلمه

From Hanja 課外 (과외) + Korean suffix 하다 (to do). 課 (과) means 'lesson' or 'task', and 外 (외) means 'outside'.

معنای اصلی: To perform tasks or lessons outside the prescribed curriculum or official school hours.

Sino-Korean (Hanja-derived)

بافت فرهنگی

Be careful when discussing tutoring fees, as it can be a sensitive topic related to wealth inequality. Also, ensure you have the correct visa if you are a foreigner in Korea planning to tutor.

In English-speaking countries, tutoring is often seen as remedial (for students who are struggling). In Korea, it is often seen as 'advance' (선행), for students who want to stay ahead.

The movie 'Parasite' (Ki-woo gets a job through 과외). The drama 'Sky Castle' (revolves around elite tutoring). The drama 'Crash Course in Romance' (deals with the hagwon and tutoring world).

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

University Life

과외 알바 구해요.
과외비 들어왔어.
과외 학생이 숙제를 안 해.
과외 준비해야 돼.

Parenting

과외 선생님 추천해 주세요.
과외비가 너무 올랐어요.
우리 애 과외 붙여줬어요.
과외 효과가 좋네요.

Exam Prep

수능 과외 시작했어요.
쪽집게 과외가 필요해요.
과외 시간을 늘려야겠어요.
과외 덕분에 성적이 올랐어요.

Legal/Business

과외 교습소 신고.
불법 과외 단속.
과외 계약서 작성.
과외 소득 신고.

Daily Schedule

과외 때문에 바빠요.
과외 끝나고 만나요.
과외 가는 길이에요.
오늘 과외 쉬는 날이에요.

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"대학생 때 과외 해본 적 있어요? (Have you ever done tutoring when you were a college student?)"

"요즘 한국에서 과외비는 보통 얼마 정도 하나요? (How much is tutoring usually in Korea these days?)"

"과외 선생님을 구할 때 무엇을 가장 중요하게 생각하세요? (What do you think is most important when looking for a tutor?)"

"혼자 공부하는 것과 과외를 받는 것 중 무엇이 더 낫다고 생각하세요? (Which do you think is better: studying alone or receiving tutoring?)"

"과외를 통해 배운 가장 기억에 남는 것이 있나요? (Is there something most memorable you learned through tutoring?)"

موضوعات نگارش

내가 만약 과외 선생님이라면 어떤 과목을 어떻게 가르치고 싶은지 써 보세요. (Write about what subject and how you would want to teach if you were a tutor.)

한국의 과외 문화에 대해 어떻게 생각하는지 자신의 의견을 서술하세요. (Describe your opinion on Korea's tutoring culture.)

과외를 받아본 경험이 있다면 그 장점과 단점에 대해 써 보세요. (If you have experience receiving tutoring, write about its pros and cons.)

과외비를 벌어서 가장 먼저 하고 싶은 일은 무엇인가요? (What is the first thing you want to do with the money earned from tutoring?)

미래에는 AI가 과외 선생님을 대신할 수 있을까요? (Will AI be able to replace tutors in the future?)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Yes, but it's more common to use '레슨을 받다' or '배우다' for hobbies like guitar or swimming. '과외' implies an academic context.

Usually yes, but '그룹 과외' (group tutoring) exists for 2-5 students. Anything larger is usually a '학원'.

Yes, it is generally the most expensive form of private education because of the personalized attention.

University students looking for part-time work and professional tutors.

Yes, but it's safer to say '과외 받아요' to avoid being mistaken for the teacher.

English and Math are the 'big two' in Korea.

Usually at the student's home, but cafes and study rooms are also popular.

Only with specific visas (like F-2, F-4, F-5, F-6). E-2 visa holders are generally restricted to their workplace.

Through apps like 'Kim Gwa-oe', word-of-mouth, or flyers.

It refers to extremely expensive tutoring that is often scrutinized for contributing to social inequality.

برای نکات و یادداشت‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید