این صفحه به زبان شما

English

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

日本語

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

خانه
یاد بگیر
پرتغالی
واژگان
dada a circunstância de que

C1 noun 11 دقیقه مطالعه

dada a circunstância de que

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها dada a circunstância de que در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح dada a circunstância de que in your Level:

At the A1 level, this phrase is too complex. You should focus on the word 'porque' (because) to explain reasons. 'Dada a circunstância de que' is very long and formal. It means 'because of the situation that...'. Imagine you want to say why you are late. Instead of this big phrase, just say 'Porque o autocarro não veio' (Because the bus didn't come). This phrase is for very advanced students who write legal papers or formal letters. For now, just recognize that 'dada' means 'given' and 'circunstância' means 'circumstance'.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At A2, you are starting to use more connectors like 'porque' and 'como' (as/since). 'Dada a circunstância de que' is a very formal version of these. It is used when you want to be very polite or explain a serious problem. For example, in a formal email to a teacher, you might see something like this. The most important thing to remember is that 'dada' must be feminine because 'circunstância' is feminine. You won't need to speak this phrase yet, but you might see it in a news headline or an official notice.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the B1 level, you should be able to understand this phrase in a text. It is a formal way to say 'considering that'. When you read it, look for the 'reason' that follows. It is used to justify an action. For example: 'A loja fechou, dada a circunstância de que não havia clientes' (The shop closed, given the circumstance that there were no customers). You can start practicing 'visto que' or 'já que' first, as they are easier to use in conversation. 'Dada a circunstância de que' is like the 'final boss' of causal connectors because it is so long and specific.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At B2, you are expected to handle more formal texts and professional environments. You should understand that 'dada a circunstância de que' is used to provide a logical basis for a conclusion. It is common in business reports or news articles. You should be careful with the grammar: notice the 'de' before the 'que'. In your writing, you can use this phrase to vary your vocabulary and avoid repeating 'porque' or 'visto que'. It makes your arguments sound more objective and well-reasoned. It is especially useful when the cause is an external situation beyond your control.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

As a C1 learner, this phrase should be part of your active formal vocabulary. You should use it to set a high-level tone in essays, legal discussions, or formal presentations. It allows you to frame your arguments with precision. You must master the agreement (dada/dadas/dado/dados) depending on the noun used, although 'dada a circunstância' is the most common fixed form. You should also be able to distinguish it from 'haja vista que' or 'porquanto'. Use it to emphasize that a decision was a necessary consequence of a specific, undeniable situation. It demonstrates a sophisticated command of Portuguese syntax and register.

At the C2 level, you use 'dada a circunstância de que' with total native-like fluidity, often employing it for specific rhetorical effects. You understand its historical roots in Latinate constructions and can use it to create a sense of inevitability or 'force majeure' in your discourse. You might use it in complex legal argumentation or high-level philosophical writing. You also know when *not* to use it—recognizing that its weight can sometimes be too much for a simple explanation, and you might opt for a more concise 'dado que' or a more elegant 'porquanto' depending on the desired prosody of the sentence.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

dada a circunstância de que در ۳۰ ثانیه

A formal C1-level phrase meaning 'given the circumstance that' or 'considering that'.
Used in legal, academic, and professional contexts to provide a logical justification for an action.
Requires strict gender agreement (dada) and the preposition 'de' before 'que'.
Acts as a powerful causal linker that elevates the register of any written or spoken discourse.

The phrase "dada a circunstância de que" is a sophisticated, high-register Portuguese conjunctional locution. At its core, it functions as a causal or conditional linker, equivalent to the English expressions "given the circumstance that," "considering that," or "in light of the fact that." Structurally, it is composed of the past participle dada (given), the feminine singular noun circunstância (circumstance), and the relative connective de que (that). Because dada functions as an adjective here, it must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies—hence dada (feminine singular) to match circunstância. If one were to use a masculine noun like facto, it would become dado o facto de que.

Register: Formal, Academic, and Legal. It is rarely used in casual street conversation where 'já que' or 'porque' would be preferred.

In Portuguese linguistics, this phrase is used to establish a premise upon which a subsequent conclusion or action is based. It provides a logical foundation, signaling to the listener that what follows is a direct consequence of a specific, established situation. It is particularly prevalent in legal documents, formal speeches, academic essays, and high-level journalism. When a speaker uses this phrase, they are intentionally elevating the tone of the conversation to one of serious analysis or logical necessity. It suggests a level of objectivity—implying that the circumstances are facts that cannot be ignored.

A reunião foi cancelada dada a circunstância de que o diretor adoeceu subitamente.

Translation: The meeting was canceled given the circumstance that the director suddenly fell ill.

Historically, the use of the past participle at the beginning of a clause to indicate cause is a remnant of the Latin absolute ablative construction. In Latin, one might have said rebus sic stantibus (things standing thus). Portuguese evolved this into several participial constructions. The word circunstância itself comes from the Latin circumstantia, meaning 'that which stands around' or 'surrounding attributes.' Therefore, when you use this phrase, you are literally saying 'with the fact that stands around us being given,' providing a 360-degree justification for your statement.

Common Contexts: Court rulings, business contract terminations, scientific explanations, and formal apologies.

Furthermore, the phrase is often utilized to mitigate responsibility or to provide an undeniable excuse. By framing a situation through the lens of 'circumstances,' the speaker shifts the focus from personal agency to external factors. For instance, in a political context, a minister might say, 'Dada a circunstância de que os mercados globais colapsaram, a inflação era inevitável.' This uses the weight of the phrase to suggest that the outcome was a logical certainty beyond their control.

Dada a circunstância de que não houve consenso, a votação foi adiada.

In summary, mastering this phrase allows a C1-level learner to navigate the complexities of formal Portuguese discourse. It shows a command of gender agreement, prepositional requirements, and register awareness. It is a tool for precision, allowing the speaker to pinpoint exactly why a certain state of affairs exists. While 'porque' answers 'why?', 'dada a circunstância de que' explains the 'environment why,' providing a richer, more professional texture to the language.

Using "dada a circunstância de que" correctly requires an understanding of its syntactic placement and its grammatical components. As a subordinating conjunctional phrase, it typically introduces a subordinate clause that explains the reason for the main clause. It can appear at the beginning of a sentence to set the stage, or in the middle to provide justification for the preceding statement. Unlike simpler conjunctions, this phrase demands a full clause (subject + verb) following the 'que'.

Sentence Structure 1: Initial Position: [Dada a circunstância de que] + [Subordinate Clause], + [Main Clause]. This is highly effective for setting a formal tone immediately.

Dada a circunstância de que o réu é primário, a pena foi reduzida.

Given the circumstance that the defendant is a first-time offender, the sentence was reduced.

When placed at the beginning, a comma is mandatory after the subordinate clause to separate it from the main clause. This mirrors the English structure 'Given that X, Y.' In this position, the phrase acts as a 'logical anchor.' It tells the reader: 'First, accept this fact; now, here is the result.' This is a common strategy in argumentative writing where you want to build a case step-by-step.

Sentence Structure 2: Medial Position: [Main Clause] + [dada a circunstância de que] + [Subordinate Clause]. This serves as an explanation for an action already mentioned.

A empresa decidiu expandir, dada a circunstância de que a procura aumentou 50%.

In the medial position, the phrase often follows a comma, though in some modern journalistic styles, the comma might be omitted if the link is very tight. However, for C1 learners, keeping the comma is safer as it emphasizes the explanatory nature of the second part of the sentence. It functions much like 'since' or 'because' but with much greater weight and formality.

One of the most important aspects of using this phrase is the choice of verb tense in the following clause. Usually, the Indicative mood is used because the 'circumstance' is presented as an objective reality. For example: 'dada a circunstância de que *temos* (indicative) pouco tempo.' Using the subjunctive here would sound strange unless the circumstance itself was hypothetical, which would contradict the meaning of 'dada' (given/granted).

Não podemos ignorar este risco, dada a circunstância de que o sistema é antigo.

Finally, consider the rhythm of your sentence. Because 'dada a circunstância de que' is quite long (nine syllables), it creates a slow, deliberate pace. Use it when you want your audience to pause and reflect on the gravity of the reason you are providing. For quick, snappy explanations, stick to 'visto que' or 'já que'. For monumental decisions, this is your phrase.

You will not likely hear "dada a circunstância de que" while buying bread at a padaria in Lisbon or Rio de Janeiro. However, if you turn on the evening news, attend a university lecture, or walk into a courtroom, you will encounter it frequently. It is a hallmark of the 'Culta' (cultivated) norm of the Portuguese language.

The Legal Sphere: Lawyers and judges use this phrase to justify legal decisions. In Portuguese law, the 'fundamentação' (reasoning) of a sentence must be clear, and this phrase helps link the facts of the case to the legal outcome.

O juiz absolveu o réu, dada a circunstância de que as provas eram inconclusivas.

In the world of Portuguese politics and public administration, this phrase is used during press conferences or official statements. When a government official needs to explain a difficult policy change or a budget cut, they use this expression to make the decision seem like an inevitable result of external pressures. It adds a layer of 'technocratic' authority to the discourse. You will hear it in debates in the Assembleia da República (Portugal) or the Congresso Nacional (Brazil).

In academic settings, from undergraduate theses to PhD defenses, this phrase is essential. It allows the researcher to establish the 'scope' of their study. For example, a researcher might say, 'Dada a circunstância de que a amostra é pequena, os resultados não podem ser generalizados.' This shows intellectual humility and a precise understanding of scientific limitations. It is also common in the 'Abstract' or 'Resumo' of scientific papers published in Portuguese.

Este estudo foca-se no século XIX, dada a circunstância de que foi um período de grandes mudanças sociais.

In high-end literature and essays (such as those by José Saramago or Machado de Assis), the phrase can be used for stylistic effect, though modern authors might shorten it to keep the prose lean. However, in the 'Crónica' genre—a very popular type of short essay in Portuguese newspapers—authors use it to mock formal speech or to lend a mock-serious tone to a mundane observation. Understanding this phrase is therefore key to unlocking the nuances of Portuguese social and intellectual life.

Even advanced learners and some native speakers stumble when using "dada a circunstância de que". The complexity of the phrase offers several pitfalls, primarily related to agreement, prepositions, and redundancy.

Mistake 1: Gender Disagreement: Saying "Dado a circunstância". Since circunstância is feminine, the participle must be dada. This is a common slip when speakers are thinking of the more general 'Dado que' (Given that).

Correct: Dada a circunstância... (matches feminine singular noun)

The second most frequent error is the omission of the preposition de. This is known as 'queísmo'—the tendency to drop 'de' before 'que'. In formal Portuguese, 'circunstância' is a noun that requires a complement introduced by 'de'. Saying "dada a circunstância que" is like saying "given the fact that" but in a way that sounds slightly 'broken' to a grammarian's ear. Always include the de.

Mistake 2: Missing the 'de': Incorrect: Dada a circunstância que ele não veio...
Correct: Dada a circunstância de que ele não veio...

Another mistake is using the phrase in inappropriate registers. Using this while chatting with friends at a bar will make you sound unnecessarily pompous or like you are reading from a contract. For casual settings, use como, já que, or visto que. Reserve 'dada a circunstância de que' for when you need to be taken very seriously.

Finally, watch out for 'dequeísmo'—the opposite error where you add 'de' where it doesn't belong. However, in this specific phrase, the 'de' is mandatory. The confusion usually arises because learners confuse this with 'dado que', which does NOT take a 'de'. Remember: if you use the word 'circunstância', you MUST use 'de que'. If you just say 'dado', you just use 'que'.

Option A: Dado que choveu... (Correct)
Option B: Dada a circunstância de que choveu... (Correct)

Portuguese is rich in causal and explanatory conjunctions. Depending on the level of formality and the specific nuance you want to convey, you might choose an alternative to "dada a circunstância de que". Here is a comparison of the most common synonyms.

Dado que: The most direct and common alternative. It is slightly less formal than the full phrase but still very appropriate for professional writing. It is more versatile and quicker to say.
Visto que / Haja vista que: 'Visto que' is very common in both Portugal and Brazil for formal reasoning. 'Haja vista que' is even more formal and often used in legal or academic contexts to point towards a specific piece of evidence.

Haja vista que os resultados foram positivos, continuaremos o projeto.

Considering that the results were positive, we will continue the project.

Another strong alternative is "tendo em conta que" (taking into account that) or "tendo em vista que" (keeping in view that). These are excellent for business settings where you are weighing different factors before making a decision. They sound slightly more active than 'dada a circunstância', which sounds more like you are reacting to an external fact.

If you want to sound more poetic or archaic, you might use "porquanto". It is a literary way of saying 'because' or 'since'. However, it is quite rare in modern spoken Portuguese and is mostly found in older literature or very formal legal texts. On the other end of the spectrum, "já que" is the go-to phrase for everyday situations. It is the 'workhorse' of the causal world, used for everything from 'since you're going to the kitchen...' to 'since we're already here...'.

Uma vez que: Similar to 'once' or 'since'. It implies a sequence where one fact has been established, allowing for the next step. It's formal but very common in business emails.

In summary, choose 'dada a circunstância de que' when the 'circumstance' itself is the heavy, undeniable star of the sentence. Choose 'dado que' for efficiency, 'visto que' for standard formality, and 'já que' for friends.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

In ancient rhetoric, the 'circumstances' of an act were defined by the hexameter: 'Quis, quid, ubi, quibus auxiliis, cur, quomodo, quando?' (Who, what, where, by what means, why, how, when?). This phrase 'dada a circunstância de que' is essentially pointing to one of these pillars of logic.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /ˈda.ðɐ ɐ siɾ.kũʃ.ˈtɐ̃.si.ɐ ðɨ kɨ/

US /ˈda.dɐ a siɾ.kũs.ˈtɐ̃.si.a dʒi ki/

The primary stress in 'dada' is on the first syllable. In 'circunstância', it is on the 'tân'. In 'que', it is a weak monosyllable.

هم‌قافیه با

nada estrada parada olhada distância importância abundância elegância

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing the 'de' too strongly like 'day'. In Portugal, it's almost silent.
Forgetting the nasalization in 'circunstância' (the 'un' and 'ân' are nasal vowels).
Stressing the final 'a' in 'dada' instead of the first.
Pronouncing 'que' like 'kay'. It should be 'kuh' (PT) or 'ki' (BR).
Merging 'de' and 'que' into one sound. They should be distinct, though fast.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 7/5

Easy to recognize if you know 'dada' and 'circunstância', but the length can be intimidating.

نوشتن 9/5

Requires correct gender agreement and the mandatory 'de' preposition, which is hard for learners.

صحبت کردن 9/5

Hard to integrate naturally without sounding too stiff or robotic.

گوش دادن 8/5

In fast speech, the 'de que' might be swallowed, making it hard to identify the structure.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

porque visto que circunstância dado que

بعداً یاد بگیرید

porquanto não obstante conquanto haja vista posto que

پیشرفته

nexo de causalidade fundamentação jurídica pressuposto consetâneo inerente

گرامر لازم

Agreement of the Past Participle

Dada (f.s.) a circunstância; Dados (m.p.) os factos.

Regência Nominal

The noun 'circunstância' requires 'de' before a clause starting with 'que'.

Causal Subordinate Clauses

These clauses explain the reason and usually take the indicative mood.

Use of Commas with Conjunctional Phrases

When the phrase starts a sentence, a comma must follow the subordinate clause.

Do not mix 'dada a circunstância de que' with slang in the same paragraph.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

Dada a circunstância de que está a chover, não vou ao parque.

Given the circumstance that it is raining, I am not going to the park.

A1 students should notice 'está a chover' (it is raining).

Dada a circunstância de que é tarde, vou dormir.

Given the circumstance that it is late, I am going to sleep.

Focus on 'é tarde' as the reason.

Dada a circunstância de que tenho fome, vou comer.

Given the circumstance that I am hungry, I am going to eat.

Simple cause and effect.

Dada a circunstância de que a loja está fechada, volto amanhã.

Given the circumstance that the shop is closed, I will come back tomorrow.

Future intent 'volto' used for 'will come back'.

Dada a circunstância de que o café está frio, não o quero.

Given the circumstance that the coffee is cold, I don't want it.

Negative 'não o quero'.

Dada a circunstância de que ele é meu amigo, eu ajudo.

Given the circumstance that he is my friend, I help.

Simple present 'ajudo'.

Dada a circunstância de que o livro é caro, não compro.

Given the circumstance that the book is expensive, I am not buying it.

'Caro' means expensive.

Dada a circunstância de que o sol está forte, uso chapéu.

Given the circumstance that the sun is strong, I use a hat.

Simple habit.

Dada a circunstância de que não temos ovos, não podemos fazer o bolo.

Given the circumstance that we don't have eggs, we can't make the cake.

Plural 'ovos' but the phrase remains singular 'a circunstância'.

Dada a circunstância de que o voo foi cancelado, ficamos no hotel.

Given the circumstance that the flight was canceled, we stayed at the hotel.

Past tense 'ficamos'.

Dada a circunstância de que ela está doente, a festa foi adiada.

Given the circumstance that she is sick, the party was postponed.

Passive voice 'foi adiada'.

Dada a circunstância de que o carro avariou, fomos a pé.

Given the circumstance that the car broke down, we went on foot.

'Avariou' is the Portuguese term for 'broke down'.

Dada a circunstância de que o bilhete é grátis, eu vou.

Given the circumstance that the ticket is free, I'm going.

'Grátis' is an invariable adjective.

Dada a circunstância de que o professor não veio, não há aula.

Given the circumstance that the teacher didn't come, there is no class.

'Não há' means 'there isn't'.

Dada a circunstância de que o filme é longo, vamos sair cedo.

Given the circumstance that the movie is long, we are going to leave early.

'Vamos sair' is the immediate future.

Dada a circunstância de que o restaurante está cheio, vamos a outro.

Given the circumstance that the restaurant is full, we are going to another one.

'Cheio' means full.

Dada a circunstância de que o projeto exige muito tempo, precisamos de mais pessoal.

Given the circumstance that the project requires a lot of time, we need more staff.

'Precisa de' always takes the preposition 'de'.

O evento foi um sucesso, dada a circunstância de que foi organizado em apenas dois dias.

The event was a success, given the circumstance that it was organized in just two days.

Medial position of the phrase.

Dada a circunstância de que os preços subiram, o consumo diminuiu drasticamente.

Given the circumstance that prices went up, consumption decreased drastically.

Use of the adverb 'drasticamente'.

Não pudemos concluir o contrato, dada a circunstância de que faltavam documentos essenciais.

We couldn't conclude the contract, given the circumstance that essential documents were missing.

Imperfect tense 'faltavam' for a background situation.

Dada a circunstância de que a tecnologia evolui rapidamente, temos de nos atualizar.

Given the circumstance that technology evolves rapidly, we have to update ourselves.

Reflexive verb 'atualizar-se'.

Dada a circunstância de que o trânsito estava caótico, ele chegou atrasado à reunião.

Given the circumstance that the traffic was chaotic, he arrived late to the meeting.

'Atrasado' agrees with the subject 'ele'.

A decisão foi difícil, dada a circunstância de que ambas as opções eram boas.

The decision was difficult, given the circumstance that both options were good.

'Ambas as' means 'both'.

Dada a circunstância de que o tempo está instável, é melhor levar um guarda-chuva.

Given the circumstance that the weather is unstable, it's better to take an umbrella.

Impersonal expression 'é melhor'.

Dada a circunstância de que as exportações caíram, o governo anunciou novas medidas económicas.

Given the circumstance that exports fell, the government announced new economic measures.

Formal vocabulary like 'exportações' and 'medidas económicas'.

O tribunal decidiu pela absolvição, dada a circunstância de que não havia provas materiais.

The court decided on acquittal, given the circumstance that there was no physical evidence.

'Absolvição' is the noun for 'acquittal'.

Dada a circunstância de que a empresa enfrenta uma crise, os bónus foram suspensos.

Given the circumstance that the company is facing a crisis, bonuses were suspended.

Verb 'enfrentar' (to face).

A conferência foi cancelada, dada a circunstância de que o orador principal teve um imprevisto.

The conference was canceled, given the circumstance that the keynote speaker had an unforeseen event.

'Imprevisto' is a very common Portuguese word for an unexpected problem.

Dada a circunstância de que o solo é muito seco, esta planta não crescerá aqui.

Given the circumstance that the soil is very dry, this plant will not grow here.

Future tense 'crescerá'.

Dada a circunstância de que o prazo termina amanhã, temos de trabalhar durante a noite.

Given the circumstance that the deadline ends tomorrow, we have to work through the night.

'Prazo' means deadline.

A proposta foi rejeitada, dada a circunstância de que o orçamento era demasiado elevado.

The proposal was rejected, given the circumstance that the budget was too high.

'Demasiado' means too much/excessively.

Dada a circunstância de que a segurança é prioritária, as novas regras são rigorosas.

Given the circumstance that security is a priority, the new rules are strict.

'Prioritária' agrees with 'segurança'.

Dada a circunstância de que a conjuntura internacional é desfavorável, o investimento estrangeiro recuou.

Given the circumstance that the international situation is unfavorable, foreign investment has pulled back.

'Conjuntura' refers to a specific set of economic or political circumstances.

A validade do estudo é questionável, dada a circunstância de que a metodologia apresenta falhas graves.

The validity of the study is questionable, given the circumstance that the methodology has serious flaws.

Academic register.

Dada a circunstância de que o arguido agiu em legítima defesa, a acusação de homicídio foi retirada.

Given the circumstance that the defendant acted in self-defense, the murder charge was dropped.

Legal terminology: 'arguido' (defendant), 'legítima defesa' (self-defense).

A obra de arte foi restaurada, dada a circunstância de que o seu valor histórico é inestimável.

The work of art was restored, given the circumstance that its historical value is priceless.

'Inestimável' means priceless/invaluable.

Dada a circunstância de que a inflação ultrapassou os limites previstos, o Banco Central subiu as taxas de juro.

Given the circumstance that inflation exceeded the predicted limits, the Central Bank raised interest rates.

Economic context.

A renúncia do ministro era inevitável, dada a circunstância de que ele perdeu o apoio do partido.

The minister's resignation was inevitable, given the circumstance that he lost the party's support.

'Renúncia' means resignation.

Dada a circunstância de que o paciente não responde ao tratamento, tentaremos uma nova abordagem.

Given the circumstance that the patient does not respond to treatment, we will try a new approach.

Medical context.

A contratação foi cancelada, dada a circunstância de que foram detetadas irregularidades no currículo.

The hiring was canceled, given the circumstance that irregularities were detected in the CV.

'Detetadas' agrees with 'irregularidades'.

Dada a circunstância de que a ontologia do ser precede a sua existência, a análise fenomenológica torna-se imperativa.

Given the circumstance that the ontology of being precedes its existence, phenomenological analysis becomes imperative.

Extremely formal philosophical register.

A hermenêutica do texto torna-se complexa, dada a circunstância de que o autor utiliza múltiplos pseudónimos.

The hermeneutics of the text becomes complex, given the circumstance that the author uses multiple pseudonyms.

'Hermenêutica' (interpretation of texts).

Dada a circunstância de que o paradigma vigente foi contestado por novas evidências, a teoria terá de ser reformulada.

Given the circumstance that the prevailing paradigm was challenged by new evidence, the theory will have to be reformulated.

Scientific epistemology context.

A eficácia da norma jurídica é mitigada, dada a circunstância de que a sua aplicabilidade prática é nula.

The effectiveness of the legal norm is mitigated, given the circumstance that its practical applicability is nil.

Legal philosophy.

Dada a circunstância de que a entropia do sistema aumenta invariavelmente, a desordem é o estado final esperado.

Given the circumstance that the entropy of the system invariably increases, disorder is the expected final state.

Physics/Thermodynamics context.

A narrativa perde coesão, dada a circunstância de que o narrador é, por definição, pouco fiável.

The narrative loses cohesion, given the circumstance that the narrator is, by definition, unreliable.

Literary criticism term: 'narrador pouco fiável' (unreliable narrator).

Dada a circunstância de que a soberania nacional está em jogo, não há espaço para concessões diplomáticas.

Given the circumstance that national sovereignty is at stake, there is no room for diplomatic concessions.

Geopolitical context.

A obsolescência programada é um problema ético, dada a circunstância de que ignora a sustentabilidade ambiental.

Planned obsolescence is an ethical problem, given the circumstance that it ignores environmental sustainability.

Sociological/Environmental context.

مترادف‌ها

Dado que Visto que Tendo em conta que Haja vista que Uma vez que Considerando que Porquanto Em virtude de que

متضادها

Independentemente de que Apesar de que Não obstante Sem embargo de que

ترکیب‌های رایج

Dada a circunstância atual

Dada a circunstância imprevista

Dada a circunstância agravante

Dada a circunstância atenuante

Dada a circunstância excecional

Dada a circunstância de tempo

Dada a circunstância política

Dada a circunstância económica

Dada a circunstância social

Dada a circunstância de saúde

عبارات رایج

Nas atuais circunstâncias

— In the current circumstances. Used to describe the present state of affairs.

Nas atuais circunstâncias, é impossível baixar os impostos.

Em qualquer circunstância

— In any circumstance. Used to express something that is always true or required.

Deves dizer a verdade em qualquer circunstância.

Circunstâncias atenuantes

— Extenuating circumstances. Legal term for factors that reduce blame.

O advogado apresentou várias circunstâncias atenuantes.

Por força das circunstâncias

— By force of circumstances. Used when someone is forced to do something by the situation.

Tivemos de mudar de casa por força das circunstâncias.

Dependendo das circunstâncias

— Depending on the circumstances. Used to show that an outcome is not fixed.

A resposta pode variar, dependendo das circunstâncias.

Vítima das circunstâncias

— Victim of circumstances. Someone who suffered because of a situation they couldn't control.

Ele não é culpado; foi apenas uma vítima das circunstâncias.

Em última circunstância

— In the last resort / In the final circumstance. Used for the last possible option.

Em última circunstância, teremos de vender a empresa.

Dadas as circunstâncias

— Given the circumstances. A shorter version of our main phrase, used without a following clause.

Dadas as circunstâncias, ele portou-se muito bem.

Circunstâncias da vida

— Life circumstances. General term for the events that happen to someone.

As circunstâncias da vida levaram-no para o estrangeiro.

Sob nenhuma circunstância

— Under no circumstances. Used for strong prohibitions.

Sob nenhuma circunstância deves abrir esta porta.

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

dada a circunstância de que vs Dado que

Often used interchangeably, but 'dado que' is shorter and doesn't require a 'de'.

dada a circunstância de que vs Posto que

Learners think it means 'given that', but it actually means 'although' in modern Portuguese.

dada a circunstância de que vs Visto que

Very similar, but 'visto que' is slightly less formal and more common in speech.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"Dançar conforme a música"

— To dance according to the music. Meaning to adapt to the circumstances.

O mercado mudou, agora temos de dançar conforme a música.

Informal/Idiomatic

"Fazer das tripas coração"

— To make a heart out of guts. To do your best despite terrible circumstances.

Dada a circunstância de que não tinha dinheiro, ele fez das tripas coração para alimentar os filhos.

Informal

"Remar contra a maré"

— To row against the tide. To act against the prevailing circumstances.

Ele está a remar contra a maré ao tentar vender gelo no Alasca.

Neutral

"Estar entre a espada e a parede"

— To be between the sword and the wall. To be in a difficult circumstance with no easy way out.

Dada a circunstância de que ambos os caminhos são perigosos, estou entre a espada e a parede.

Neutral

"Águas passadas não movem moinhos"

— Past waters don't move mills. Past circumstances shouldn't affect the present.

Não chores pelo erro de ontem; águas passadas não movem moinhos.

Idiomatic

"A ocasião faz o ladrão"

— The occasion makes the thief. Circumstances can lead people to do things they wouldn't normally do.

Ele nunca tinha roubado, mas a ocasião faz o ladrão.

Idiomatic

"Ver-se grego"

— To see oneself Greek. To find oneself in a very difficult circumstance.

Vou ver-me grego para acabar isto a tempo.

Informal (Portugal)

"Segurar as pontas"

— To hold the ends. To manage a difficult situation/circumstance.

Dada a circunstância de que o chefe saiu, eu tive de segurar as pontas.

Informal (Brazil)

"Cair do cavalo"

— To fall off the horse. To be surprised by a change in circumstances.

Ele achava que ia ganhar, mas caiu do cavalo.

Informal (Brazil)

"Dar murro em ponta de faca"

— To punch the tip of a knife. To persist in a circumstance that won't change and only hurts you.

Tentar convencê-lo é dar murro em ponta de faca.

Informal

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

dada a circunstância de que vs Dada

Agreement

Must be 'Dada' for 'circunstância' (f.) but 'Dado' for 'facto' (m.).

Dada a situação / Dado o facto.

dada a circunstância de que vs De que vs Que

Preposition drop

After 'circunstância', 'de que' is required. After 'visto' or 'dado', only 'que' is used.

Dada a circunstância de que... vs Dado que...

dada a circunstância de que vs Circunstância vs Contexto

Meaning

'Circunstância' is a specific event/fact; 'Contexto' is the broader background.

A circunstância do acidente vs O contexto histórico.

dada a circunstância de que vs Desde que

Condition vs Cause

'Desde que' usually means 'as long as' (condition). 'Dada a circunstância' means 'because' (cause).

Vou desde que me pagues vs Vou dada a circunstância de que me pagaste.

dada a circunstância de que vs Porquanto

'Porquanto' is a single word synonym, but it sounds much more archaic.

Dada a circunstância de que é tarde... vs Porquanto é tarde...

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

Dada a circunstância de que [simple fact], [simple action].

Dada a circunstância de que é noite, eu durmo.

Dada a circunstância de que [reason], [consequence in past].

Dada a circunstância de que o comboio parou, eu cheguei tarde.

Dada a circunstância de que [situation], [necessity].

Dada a circunstância de que o trabalho é muito, precisamos de ajuda.

[Main clause], dada a circunstância de que [formal reason].

O plano falhou, dada a circunstância de que não havia dinheiro.

Dada a circunstância de que [complex premise], [logical conclusion].

Dada a circunstância de que a lei mudou, o processo foi revisto.

Dadas as circunstâncias de que [multiple facts], [decision].

Dadas as circunstâncias de que o tempo é curto e a verba é pouca, vamos desistir.

Dada a circunstância de que [philosophical/technical fact], [implication].

Dada a circunstância de que a ética é subjetiva, a moral varia.

Não obstante [main point], dada a circunstância de que [justification].

Continuaremos, não obstante o risco, dada a circunstância de que a vitória é vital.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

circunstância (circumstance)

circunstancialismo (set of circumstances)

circunstante (bystander)

فعل‌ها

circunstanciar (to detail the circumstances of something)

dar (to give - the root of 'dada')

صفت‌ها

circunstancial (circumstantial)

circunstanciado (detailed/explained in depth)

مرتبط

contexto (context)

conjuntura (conjunction of events)

situação (situation)

hipótese (hypothesis)

facto (fact)

برای دیدن همه مثال‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

نحوه استفاده

frequency

Common in written formal Portuguese; Rare in spoken informal Portuguese.

اشتباهات رایج

Dado a circunstância de que... → Dada a circunstância de que...
Gender agreement is mandatory. 'Circunstância' is feminine.
Dada a circunstância que... → Dada a circunstância de que...
Missing the preposition 'de'. The noun requires it to connect to the clause.
Dada a circunstância de que ele venha. → Dada a circunstância de que ele vem.
Using the subjunctive mood for a certain fact. Use the indicative instead.
Dada a circunstância de que chove, não fui. → Dada a circunstância de que chovia, não fui.
Tense mismatch. If the result is in the past, the cause should usually be in the past (imperfect).
Dada a circunstância de que porque... → Dada a circunstância de que...
Redundancy. The phrase already means 'because', so do not add 'porque' after 'que'.

نکات

Agreement is Key

Always check the noun following 'Dada'. If you use 'facto', it's 'Dado o facto'. If you use 'circunstância', it's 'Dada a circunstância'.

Elevate Your Writing

Use this phrase in the introduction of a formal essay to sound more authoritative and logical.

Listen for the 'D'

In Portugal, 'dada' can sound very soft. Listen for the 'da-da' rhythm to identify the start of a logical explanation.

Don't Overuse It

Using it more than once in a conversation will make you sound like a robot. Mix it with 'visto que' or 'uma vez que'.

C1 Exam Tip

If you are taking a CAPLE or CELPE-Bras exam, using this phrase correctly in the writing section will boost your 'Lexical Richness' score.

Learn the Plural

'Dadas as circunstâncias' is a great way to end a paragraph when you've already listed many reasons.

Business Context

In a business email, use this to explain why a deadline was missed or why a strategy changed. It sounds like a professional justification.

Objectivity

Use this phrase to make your opinion sound like an objective fact. It shifts the focus from 'I think' to 'The situation is'.

The Comma Rule

Always separate the 'reason' clause from the 'result' clause with a comma if the reason comes first.

English Equivalent

Think of it exactly as 'Given the fact that...'. If you would use that in English, you can use this in Portuguese.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of 'DADA' as 'Data' (facts given) and 'CIRCUMSTANCE' as the 'Circle' of things around you. 'Dada a circunstância' = The facts surrounding the circle.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a judge standing in a circle of evidence. He points to one piece of evidence (the circumstance) and says 'Dada...' to justify his ruling.

شبکه واژگان

Causa Explicação Formalidade Lógica Justificação Direito Academia Conjunção

چالش

Try to write a formal apology for missing a meeting using 'dada a circunstância de que' instead of 'porque'. Notice how much more professional it sounds.

ریشه کلمه

The phrase is a combination of the past participle of the verb 'dar' (to give) and the noun 'circunstância'. 'Dar' comes from the Latin 'dare'. 'Circunstância' comes from the Latin 'circumstantia', which is derived from 'circum-' (around) and 'stare' (to stand).

معنای اصلی: Literally 'given the thing that stands around'. It originally referred to the physical surroundings of an event before evolving into the logical premise of an argument.

Romance (Latin-based).

بافت فرهنگی

There are no specific sensitivities, but using it in a very poor neighborhood or with children might make you seem elitist or out of touch.

English speakers tend to be more direct. 'Because' is used in 90% of cases. In Portuguese, using 'porque' too much in a formal essay is considered poor style. You are expected to use variety, and 'dada a circunstância de que' is a top-tier choice for variety.

Commonly found in the 'Diário da República' (The official gazette of Portugal). Used frequently by Brazilian orator and politician Rui Barbosa. A staple phrase in the news program 'Jornal Nacional' (Brazil).

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Legal Proceedings

Dada a circunstância de que o crime prescreveu...
Dada a circunstância de que não houve dolo...
Dada a circunstância de que a testemunha faltou...
Dada a circunstância de que o contrato é nulo...

Academic Writing

Dada a circunstância de que a amostra é enviesada...
Dada a circunstância de que os dados são preliminares...
Dada a circunstância de que a literatura é escassa...
Dada a circunstância de que o autor defende...

Corporate Environment

Dada a circunstância de que o orçamento foi cortado...
Dada a circunstância de que o mercado está saturado...
Dada a circunstância de que a equipa está motivada...
Dada a circunstância de que o cliente desistiu...

Political Discourse

Dada a circunstância de que o país enfrenta uma seca...
Dada a circunstância de que a oposição votou contra...
Dada a circunstância de que a Europa está em crise...
Dada a circunstância de que o povo exige mudança...

Scientific Reports

Dada a circunstância de que a temperatura subiu...
Dada a circunstância de que a reação foi lenta...
Dada a circunstância de que o vírus mutou...
Dada a circunstância de que a pressão é constante...

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"Dada a circunstância de que o mundo está a mudar tão depressa, como achas que será o futuro do trabalho?"

"Dada a circunstância de que a inteligência artificial está a evoluir, devemos estar preocupados?"

"Dada a circunstância de que os preços das casas estão a subir, onde é que os jovens vão morar?"

"Dada a circunstância de que o clima está a aquecer, que medidas individuais podemos tomar?"

"Dada a circunstância de que a globalização é um facto, ainda faz sentido falar em culturas isoladas?"

موضوعات نگارش

Reflete sobre uma decisão difícil que tomaste, dada a circunstância de que tinhas pouca informação na altura.

Escreve sobre como a tua vida mudou, dada a circunstância de que decidiste aprender uma nova língua.

Analisa a situação política do teu país, dada a circunstância de que as redes sociais influenciam a opinião pública.

Descreve um momento em que tiveste de mudar os teus planos, dada a circunstância de que algo inesperado aconteceu.

Pensa no teu futuro profissional, dada a circunstância de que a tecnologia pode substituir muitas tarefas humanas.

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

No, that is a grammatical error. Because 'circunstância' is a feminine noun, the past participle 'dado' must agree with it and become 'dada'. Always say 'Dada a circunstância'.

Yes, in formal Portuguese. The noun 'circunstância' requires the preposition 'de' to link it to the following clause. Omitting it is considered 'queísmo', a common but incorrect practice in high-level writing.

The first refers to one specific fact or situation. The second (plural) refers to a general set of multiple facts. Both are correct, but the singular is more common when introducing a single clause.

Only if you are being ironic or joking. It is extremely formal. For a friend, use 'como' or 'já que'. For example: 'Já que estás aí, compra leite' (Since you're there, buy milk).

Generally, no. Since 'dada' implies that the circumstance is a real, given fact, the indicative mood is used. For example: 'Dada a circunstância de que ele *está* (indicative) aqui'.

Yes, the meaning is similar, but the tone is very different. 'Porque' is basic and direct. 'Dada a circunstância de que' is professional and analytical.

It is used in both countries in formal registers. The main difference is the pronunciation of the 'de' and 'que' sounds.

If the phrase starts the sentence, put a comma after the whole causal clause. For example: 'Dada a circunstância de que choveu, não fomos.'

Almost. 'Dado que' is a shortened version. It is also formal but slightly less 'heavy' than the full phrase 'dada a circunstância de que'.

Not easily. It usually introduces a clause. You can say 'Dadas as circunstâncias' at the end, but 'dada a circunstância de que' must be followed by more words.

برای نکات و یادداشت‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید