公寓 در ۳۰ ثانیه
- Gongyu (公寓) refers to an apartment or flat, a key unit of modern urban housing.
- It is usually part of a larger building with shared facilities and management.
- Commonly used with the measure word 'tao' (套) for a single unit.
- Essential for IELTS topics regarding home, lifestyle, and city living.
The term 公寓 (gōngyù) is a cornerstone of modern Chinese urban vocabulary, representing a shift from traditional horizontal living to vertical density. In its most literal sense, it refers to a multi-story building divided into separate residential units. However, its usage in China carries specific cultural and economic weight that distinguishes it from generic 'housing' (房子 - fángzi).
- Etymological Breakdown
- The character 公 (gōng) means 'public' or 'common,' while 寓 (yù) means 'to reside' or 'lodge.' Historically, this implied a place where people lived together in a shared structure, often provided by the state or an employer.
他在市中心租了一套单身公寓。(He rented a studio apartment in the city center.)
In the context of the IELTS Speaking exam, '公寓' is the standard translation for 'apartment' or 'flat.' When discussing your home, using this term accurately demonstrates a B1 level of precision. It suggests a modern, urban lifestyle, often associated with young professionals or students. Unlike a 'villa' (别墅 - biéshù) or a 'traditional courtyard' (四合院 - sìhéyuàn), a 'gōngyù' implies shared amenities like elevators, security guards, and communal trash disposal.
- Social Context
- The rise of the 'gōngyù' reflects China's rapid urbanization. For many, owning an apartment is a prerequisite for marriage and a symbol of middle-class stability.
这栋公寓楼的设施非常齐全。(The facilities in this apartment building are very complete.)
Furthermore, the term can be subdivided. A '酒店式公寓' (jiǔdiànshì gōngyù) refers to serviced apartments that offer hotel-like amenities, while a '单身公寓' (dānshēn gōngyù) is a studio or one-bedroom unit designed for individuals. Understanding these nuances allows a learner to navigate real estate listings and social conversations about living standards effectively.
- Linguistic Nuance
- While '房子' is a general word for 'house' or 'home,' '公寓' specifically denotes the architectural form of a flat within a building.
现代都市人大多居住在公寓里。(Most modern city dwellers live in apartments.)
这套公寓的采光非常好。(This apartment has excellent natural lighting.)
学生公寓通常离校园很近。(Student apartments are usually very close to campus.)
Using 公寓 correctly involves mastering its specific measure words and common verb pairings. In Chinese, nouns are rarely used in isolation; they are part of a grammatical ecosystem. For '公寓', the most common measure word is 套 (tào), which refers to a 'set' or a 'suite' of rooms. You can also use 间 (jiān) for a single room within an apartment, or 栋 (dòng) / 幢 (zhuàng) when referring to the entire building.
- Common Verbs
- 1. 租 (zū) - To rent: 租公寓.
2. 买 (mǎi) - To buy: 买公寓.
3. 住 (zhù) - To live in: 住公寓.
4. 搬 (bān) - To move: 搬进公寓.
我打算在学校附近租一套公寓。(I plan to rent an apartment near the school.)
When describing an apartment, adjectives usually precede the noun. Common descriptors include '豪华' (háohuá - luxurious), '简陋' (jiǎnlòu - simple/shabby), '宽敞' (kuānchǎng - spacious), and '狭窄' (xiázhǎi - narrow). In a professional or academic setting, you might discuss '公寓化管理' (gōngyùhuà guǎnlǐ), which refers to apartment-style management, often used in student dormitories to imply a higher standard of living and independence.
- Compound Words
- 公寓楼 (gōngyùlóu) - Apartment building
公寓房 (gōngyùfáng) - Apartment unit
长租公寓 (chángzū gōngyù) - Long-term rental apartment
这套公寓租金太贵了，我负担不起。(The rent for this apartment is too expensive; I can't afford it.)
In IELTS Speaking Part 1, you might be asked: 'Do you live in a house or an apartment?' A high-scoring response would be: '我目前住在一套位于市中心的公寓里，虽然空间不大，但交通非常便利。' (I currently live in an apartment located in the city center; although the space isn't large, the transportation is very convenient.) This uses '公寓' in a natural, descriptive context.
由于房价上涨，越来越多的年轻人选择购买小户型公寓。(Due to rising house prices, more and more young people are choosing to buy small-sized apartments.)
You will encounter the word 公寓 in various real-world scenarios in China, ranging from mundane daily life to high-stakes financial discussions. Its most frequent occurrence is in the real estate industry. If you walk down a street in Shanghai or Beijing, you will see countless advertisements for '公寓出租' (Apartments for Rent) or '精品公寓' (Boutique Apartments) on the windows of property agencies (中介 - zhōngjiè).
- Daily Life & Travel
- When booking accommodation on apps like Meituan or Ctrip, you'll see '公寓' listed as a category alongside hotels and guesthouses. These are often privately owned units managed as short-term rentals.
我们在网上订了一家酒店式公寓，环境很不错。(We booked a serviced apartment online; the environment is very nice.)
In academic settings, universities often distinguish between '宿舍' (sùshè - dorms) and '留学生公寓' (liúxuéshēng gōngyù - international student apartments). The latter usually implies better facilities, perhaps a private bathroom or a small kitchen, reflecting the 'apartment' standard. In the news, you might hear about '人才公寓' (réncái gōngyù), which are subsidized apartments provided by local governments to attract highly skilled workers to their cities.
这栋公寓楼下就有地铁站，非常方便。(There is a subway station right downstairs from this apartment building, which is very convenient.)
Pop culture also plays a role. One of China's most famous sitcoms is titled '爱情公寓' (Àiqíng Gōngyù - iPartment), which follows the lives of young friends living in the same apartment complex. This show solidified the image of the 'gōngyù' as a space for youth, friendship, and modern urban struggles, making the word deeply embedded in the cultural consciousness of Millennials and Gen Z.
While 公寓 seems straightforward, learners often stumble over its specific connotations and how it differs from other housing terms. The most common error is using '公寓' when '房子' (fángzi) or '家' (jiā) would be more natural. '家' refers to the concept of 'home' (emotional), '房子' refers to the physical 'house' or 'building' (general), and '公寓' refers specifically to the 'apartment' (architectural type).
- Mistake 1: Measure Word Confusion
- Incorrect: 一个公寓 (yī gè gōngyù).
Correct: 一套公寓 (yī tào gōngyù). While '个' is sometimes used in casual speech, '套' is the grammatically correct measure word for a suite.
错误：我买了一个公寓。
正确：我买了一套公寓。
Another mistake is confusing '公寓' with '宿舍' (sùshè). A '宿舍' is a dormitory, usually shared with multiple people in one room, often provided by schools or factories. An '公寓' implies a self-contained unit with its own kitchen and bathroom. Calling a luxury apartment a '宿舍' would be a significant downgrade, while calling a basic dorm an '公寓' might sound overly ambitious.
- Mistake 2: Using '公寓' for Houses
- In English, 'apartment' and 'house' are distinct. In Chinese, if you live in a standalone house with a garden, you must use '别墅' (biéshù) or '平房' (píngfáng), never '公寓'.
他住的是带花园的别墅，不是公寓。(He lives in a villa with a garden, not an apartment.)
To truly master the vocabulary of housing, one must understand how 公寓 relates to its synonyms and near-synonyms. Each word carries a different nuance of scale, luxury, and purpose.
- 公寓 vs. 住宅 (zhùzhái)
- '公寓' is the common name for the building type. '住宅' is a formal term meaning 'residential property.' You'll see '住宅区' (residential area) on signs, but you'll tell a friend '我住公寓' (I live in an apartment).
- 公寓 vs. 单元房 (dānyuánfáng)
- '单元房' is an older, more technical term for a flat within a 'unit' (单元). It often refers to the socialist-era housing blocks. '公寓' sounds more modern and commercial.
虽然都是住房，但公寓通常比老式单元房设施更好。(Although both are housing, apartments usually have better facilities than old-style unit flats.)
- 公寓 vs. 宿舍 (sùshè)
- As mentioned, '宿舍' is for students or workers, often with shared rooms. '公寓' is for independent living.
在大城市，住公寓是最高效的选择。(In big cities, living in an apartment is the most efficient choice.)
چقدر رسمی است؟
سطح دشواری
گرامر لازم
Measure words for buildings
Location phrases with '在'
Resultative complements (e.g., 搬进)
Comparative structures
Existential 'you' sentences
مثالها بر اساس سطح
我住公寓。
I live in an apartment.
Subject + Verb + Object.
这是我的公寓。
This is my apartment.
Pronoun + Verb + Noun.
公寓很大。
The apartment is big.
Noun + Adjective.
公寓不小。
The apartment is not small.
Negative '不' + Adjective.
他在公寓。
He is at the apartment.
Location '在'.
公寓有厨房。
The apartment has a kitchen.
Verb '有' (to have).
我喜欢这个公寓。
I like this apartment.
Verb '喜欢' (to like).
公寓在哪儿？
Where is the apartment?
Question word '哪儿'.
我租了一套公寓。
I rented an apartment.
Use of measure word '套'.
公寓在学校旁边。
The apartment is next to the school.
Location '旁边'.
这栋公寓很漂亮。
This apartment building is beautiful.
Measure word '栋' for buildings.
公寓里有三间房。
There are three rooms in the apartment.
Existential '有' sentence.
我要搬进新公寓了。
I am going to move into a new apartment.
Verb '搬' (to move).
公寓的租金不贵。
The rent for the apartment is not expensive.
Possessive '的'.
他在公寓里看书。
He is reading a book in the apartment.
Action in a location.
这套公寓很安静。
This apartment is very quiet.
Adjective '安静'.
住在公寓里非常便利。
Living in an apartment is very convenient.
Gerund-like subject.
这套公寓的设施很齐全。
The facilities of this apartment are very complete.
Compound adjective '齐全'.
虽然公寓空间小，但很温馨。
Although the apartment space is small, it's cozy.
Conjunction '虽然...但是'.
他在寻找一套单身公寓。
He is looking for a studio apartment.
Progressive '在'.
公寓楼下有一个超市。
There is a supermarket downstairs from the apartment.
Directional '楼下'.
学生公寓通常比较便宜。
Student apartments are usually relatively cheap.
Adverb '通常'.
这套公寓的采光非常好。
This apartment has excellent natural light.
Noun '采光'.
搬到公寓后，我节省了很多时间。
After moving to the apartment, I saved a lot of time.
Time phrase '...后'.
随着城市化，公寓成了主流住房。
With urbanization, apartments have become the mainstream housing.
Preposition '随着'.
这套公寓的投资潜力很大。
The investment potential of this apartment is great.
Abstract noun '潜力'.
酒店式公寓适合出差人士。
Serviced apartments are suitable for business travelers.
Verb '适合'.
公寓的物业管理非常专业。
The property management of the apartment is very professional.
Noun '物业管理'.
他买了一套精装修的公寓。
He bought a fully furnished/renovated apartment.
Adjective '精装修'.
住在高层公寓可以欣赏城市美景。
Living in a high-rise apartment allows one to enjoy city views.
Verb '欣赏'.
这栋公寓的隔音效果不太好。
The soundproofing of this apartment building is not very good.
Noun '隔音效果'.
公寓的公摊面积比较大。
The shared area of the apartment is relatively large.
Technical term '公摊面积'.
公寓的设计体现了极简主义风格。
The design of the apartment reflects a minimalist style.
Verb '体现' (to reflect/embody).
人才公寓政策吸引了大量外来人才。
The talent apartment policy attracted a large number of outside talents.
Policy-related vocabulary.
公寓生活的私密性有时会受到挑战。
The privacy of apartment living is sometimes challenged.
Abstract noun '私密性'.
这套公寓位于繁华地段，闹中取静。
This apartment is in a busy area, yet quiet amidst the noise.
Idiom '闹中取静'.
公寓楼的公用设施需要定期维护。
The communal facilities of the apartment building need regular maintenance.
Verb '维护' (to maintain).
这种长租公寓模式深受年轻人青睐。
This long-term rental apartment model is highly favored by young people.
Phrase '深受...青睐'.
公寓的产权年限通常是四十年或七十年。
The property rights term for apartments is usually 40 or 70 years.
Legal term '产权年限'.
他在公寓里营造了一种艺术氛围。
He created an artistic atmosphere in the apartment.
Verb '营造' (to create/construct).
公寓建筑的同质化引发了审美疲劳。
The homogenization of apartment architecture has led to aesthetic fatigue.
Sociological vocabulary.
公寓不仅是居所，更是都市文明的缩影。
The apartment is not just a dwelling, but a microcosm of urban civilization.
Metaphorical usage.
高密度的公寓生活考验着邻里关系的韧性。
High-density apartment living tests the resilience of neighborly relations.
Complex abstract concepts.
这套公寓的装潢极尽奢华，令人叹为观止。
The decoration of this apartment is extremely luxurious, leaving one in awe.
Idiom '叹为观止'.
公寓空间的碎片化利用反映了现代人的生活节奏。
The fragmented use of apartment space reflects the pace of modern life.
Philosophical analysis.
政府通过改建旧公寓来缓解住房压力。
The government alleviates housing pressure by renovating old apartments.
Policy analysis.
公寓的隔绝感往往加剧了都市人的孤独。
The sense of isolation in apartments often exacerbates urban loneliness.
Psychological depth.
这栋公寓见证了这座城市半个世纪的变迁。
This apartment building has witnessed half a century of changes in this city.
Personification.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
اصطلاحات و عبارات
بهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Specific architectural type (flat/apartment).
General term for any house or building.
The emotional concept of home.
Shared housing for students/workers.
A specific 'unit' or entrance in a building.
الگوهای جملهسازی
خانواده کلمه
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
Often used in the context of 'serviced apartments' for business travelers.
In Hong Kong, '公寓' can sometimes refer to a cheap guesthouse, but in the mainland, it's a standard flat.
نکات
Measure Words
Always try to use '套' (tào) for a unit and '栋' (dòng) for the building. It makes your Chinese sound much more natural.
Social Importance
Understand that 'buying an apartment' is a major life goal in China, often linked to marriage and security.
IELTS Tip
When asked about your home, use '公寓' and describe one specific feature like '采光' (natural light) or '交通' (transportation).
Apartment vs House
Never use '公寓' for a standalone house with a yard; that is a '别墅' (villa).
Location
Remember the structure '在...里' when saying you are inside the apartment.
Context Clues
If you hear '物业' (wùyè), the speaker is likely talking about an apartment complex's management.
Fluency
Practice saying '我住在一套公寓里' until it becomes a reflex.
Adjectives
Combine '公寓' with '现代化' (modernized) or '舒适' (comfortable) for better descriptions.
Apps
Look for the '公寓' icon on Chinese travel apps to find unique local stays.
Mnemonic
Gong (Public) + Yu (Reside) = Public Residence = Apartment.
حفظ کنید
ریشه کلمه
Modern compound of '公' (public) and '寓' (lodge).
بافت فرهنگی
Property rights for apartments in China are typically 70 years for residential land.
Living in a high-end apartment in a Tier 1 city is a status symbol.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"你住公寓还是别墅？"
"你觉得公寓生活方便吗？"
"你的公寓离公司远吗？"
"你理想中的公寓是什么样的？"
"现在的公寓租金贵吗？"
موضوعات نگارش
描述一下你现在住的公寓。
住在公寓里有哪些好处和坏处？
如果你可以重新装修你的公寓，你会怎么做？
谈谈你对未来城市公寓发展的看法。
记述一次你搬进新公寓的经历。
سوالات متداول
10 سوال公寓 (gōngyù) is the common term for an apartment. 住宅 (zhùzhái) is a more formal and technical term for a residential property, often used in legal contexts or urban planning.
While '个' is understood in casual conversation, '套' (tào) is the correct and more professional measure word for a single apartment unit.
Usually, yes. In modern China, '公寓' implies a unit in a multi-story building, though it doesn't strictly have to be a skyscraper.
Yes, it is often called a '单身公寓' (dānshēn gōngyù) or '一居室' (yī jūshì).
You can say '公寓楼' (gōngyùlóu) or '公寓大厦' (gōngyù dàshà).
It depends on the city. In Tier 1 cities like Shanghai, '公寓' prices and rents are very high, while in smaller cities, they are more affordable.
It is a serviced apartment that offers hotel-like services such as cleaning and a concierge, often used for short-term stays.
Strictly speaking, no. Use '宿舍' (sùshè). However, high-end student housing is sometimes called '学生公寓'.
It means a 'fully finished' or 'renovated' apartment that comes with flooring, painted walls, and often basic appliances.
You can say: '你的公寓在哪里？' (Nǐ de gōngyù zài nǎlǐ?)
خودت رو بسنج 180 سوال
用 '公寓' 写一个简单的句子。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
描述你的公寓在哪里。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
写出住在公寓的两个优点。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
如果你要租公寓，你会问房东什么问题？
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
描述一下你理想中的公寓。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
谈谈公寓生活对邻里关系的影响。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
分析为什么年轻人更倾向于买小户型公寓。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
论述城市化背景下公寓建筑的未来趋势。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
用 '虽然...但是' 写一个关于公寓的句子。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
描述公寓楼下的环境。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
写一段话介绍一套待租的公寓。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
比较公寓和别墅的区别。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
谈谈你对 '酒店式公寓' 的看法。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
解释什么是 '公摊面积'。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
用 '闹中取静' 造句。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
描述一次搬进新公寓的心情。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
写出三个关于公寓的词组。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
描述公寓的物业服务。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
讨论高房价对年轻人购买公寓的影响。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
想象十年后的公寓生活。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
说出 '公寓' 这个词。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
用中文说：'I live in an apartment.'
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
描述你的公寓里有什么房间。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
你喜欢住公寓还是住别墅？为什么？
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
谈谈你对公寓租金的看法。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
描述一下公寓楼下的便利设施。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
分析住在高层公寓的利与弊。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
你认为未来的公寓会是什么样子的？
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
讨论政府在住房保障方面的作用。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
论述公寓化居住对现代社交的影响。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
听录音并写下提到的词：'公寓'。
听句子：'我租了一套公寓。' 问：他做了什么？
听句子：'公寓在学校旁边。' 问：公寓在哪里？
听对话：'这套公寓租金多少？' '三千块一个月。' 问：租金是多少？
听描述：'这套公寓采光很好，有两个阳台。' 问：公寓有什么优点？
听新闻：'本市将新建一批人才公寓。' 问：新闻的主题是什么？
听对话：'我想买一套精装修的公寓。' 问：他想买什么样的公寓？
听讲座：'公寓的公摊面积影响了得房率。' 问：讲座在讨论什么？
听评论：'这种长租公寓模式深受年轻人青睐。' 问：谁喜欢这种模式？
听分析：'公寓建筑的同质化是一个审美问题。' 问：说话者的观点是什么？
写出公寓里的三个电器名称。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
描述公寓的安全性。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
描述你公寓的颜色。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
听句子：'电梯在维修，请走楼梯。' 问：发生了什么？
/ 180 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
The word '公寓' (gōngyù) is the standard term for an apartment. Mastering its measure word '套' and its distinction from '房子' (general house) is vital for B1 level proficiency. Example: '我租了一套公寓' (I rented an apartment).
- Gongyu (公寓) refers to an apartment or flat, a key unit of modern urban housing.
- It is usually part of a larger building with shared facilities and management.
- Commonly used with the measure word 'tao' (套) for a single unit.
- Essential for IELTS topics regarding home, lifestyle, and city living.
Measure Words
Always try to use '套' (tào) for a unit and '栋' (dòng) for the building. It makes your Chinese sound much more natural.
Social Importance
Understand that 'buying an apartment' is a major life goal in China, often linked to marriage and security.
IELTS Tip
When asked about your home, use '公寓' and describe one specific feature like '采光' (natural light) or '交通' (transportation).
Apartment vs House
Never use '公寓' for a standalone house with a yard; that is a '别墅' (villa).
مثال
我最近搬进了一套市中心的小公寓。
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر housing
押金
B1مبلغی که به عنوان سپرده تضمینی پرداخت می شود. در پایان قرارداد یا بازگرداندن کالا بازگردانده می شود.
家具
B1مبلمان. اشیای منقول برای حمایت از فعالیتهای انسانی مانند نشستن و خوابیدن.
维修
B1维修 به معنای نگهداری و تعمیر تجهیزات یا ساختمانها است.
搬家
B1نقل مکان از یک اقامتگاه به خانه جدید.
装修
B1ما قصد داریم خانه را بازسازی (装修) کنیم.
房租
B1اجاره پولی است که برای زندگی در یک خانه به صاحبخانه پرداخت میکنید.
租赁
B1عمل اجاره دادن یا کرایه کردن ملک، تجهیزات یا زمین برای یک دوره زمانی.
居住
B1اقامت داشتن، ساکن بودن (در مکانی برای مدت طولانی). زمینه رسمی.
