背叛 در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • To betray means to break trust through disloyalty or desertion.
  • It involves a serious breach of faith and can apply to people, principles, or causes.
  • Commonly used in contexts of personal relationships, politics, and literature.
  • Strong negative connotation; avoid for minor disappointments.
Core Meaning
To betray means to be disloyal to someone or something that has trusted you, often by revealing secrets or by acting against their interests. It can also mean to desert or abandon a person, cause, or principle.
Emotional Weight
The word '背叛' carries a strong negative connotation, implying a deep sense of hurt, disappointment, and broken trust. It's a serious accusation or description of an action that causes significant damage to relationships or principles.
Contexts of Use
This word is used in various contexts, including personal relationships (friends, family, romantic partners), professional settings (colleagues, business partners), political arenas (alliances, nations), and even in abstract senses like betraying one's own ideals or principles. It's often found in literature, drama, news reports, and discussions about trust and loyalty.
Nuance of Desertion
When used in the sense of deserting, '背叛' implies leaving behind a duty, a group, or a commitment without authorization or justification, often when one's presence or support is expected or crucial. This could be a soldier leaving their post or a team member abandoning their project.

She felt that his actions were a deep 背叛 of their friendship.

The politician was accused of 背叛 his party's platform.

Many stories revolve around the theme of betrayal, where characters face the consequences of being 背叛ed.

Emotional Impact
The feeling associated with being betrayed is often one of deep emotional pain, shock, and a sense of loss. It can shatter one's faith in others and lead to feelings of isolation and anger. The act of betrayal is considered a severe offense in most cultures.
Consequences
The consequences of betrayal can be far-reaching, leading to the breakdown of relationships, loss of reputation, political instability, or even war. Understanding the gravity of '背叛' is crucial for comprehending historical events, fictional narratives, and interpersonal conflicts.
Subject + 背叛 + Object
This is the most common structure, where someone or something betrays another person, group, or entity. The subject is the betrayer, and the object is the one who is betrayed.
Verb Phrase with 背叛
'背叛' can be used as part of a larger verb phrase, often with auxiliary verbs or adverbs to indicate the manner or timing of the betrayal.
Abstract Betrayal
The concept of betrayal can also be applied to abstract things like principles, ideals, or one's country. In these cases, the object of betrayal is not a person but a value or a collective entity.
Passive Voice (Being Betrayed)
Sentences can be structured to emphasize the victim of the betrayal, often using phrases that indicate 'to be betrayed by someone'.

He swore never to 背叛 his country.

The company felt deeply 背叛ed by its former employees.

She couldn't forgive him for 背叛ing her trust.

His decision to switch sides was seen as a 背叛 of the entire movement.

Using '被' (bèi)
To express that someone was betrayed, you can use the passive marker '被' (bèi) before the verb '背叛'. For example, '他被背叛了' (Tā bèi bèipàn le) means 'He was betrayed'.
Adding the Betrayer
To specify who committed the betrayal in a passive sentence, you can use '被...所' (bèi... suǒ) or '被...给' (bèi... gěi) followed by the betrayer. For instance, '他被他的朋友所背叛' (Tā bèi tā de péngyǒu suǒ bèipàn) means 'He was betrayed by his friend'.
News and Politics
You will frequently encounter '背叛' in news reports discussing political defections, espionage, or international relations where one country or group acts against the interests of another. It's a common term to describe a breach of alliances or treaties.
Literature and Film
Betrayal is a universal theme in storytelling. '背叛' is extensively used in novels, movies, and plays to describe dramatic plot twists, character motivations, and the emotional fallout of disloyalty. Think of historical dramas, thrillers, and even some romances.
Personal Anecdotes and Discussions
In everyday conversations, people use '背叛' when discussing instances of broken trust among friends, family members, or romantic partners. It's used to express deep hurt and disappointment over actions that feel like a violation of loyalty.
Historical Accounts
Historical texts often detail instances of betrayal among leaders, allies, or within military ranks. '背叛' is the appropriate term to describe actions that undermined alliances, led to the downfall of kingdoms, or resulted in significant historical shifts.

The spy was accused of 背叛ing his country by selling secrets.

In the movie, the protagonist discovers his closest friend has been 背叛ing him all along.

She confided in her sister, 'I feel like my husband has 背叛ed me by spending all our savings.'

The historical account describes how the general's 背叛 led to the kingdom's collapse.

Legal and Ethical Discussions
In discussions about ethics, law, or morality, '背叛' can be used to describe actions that violate codes of conduct, professional ethics, or societal norms, especially when trust is a fundamental element.
Military and Espionage
The term is particularly potent in military and espionage contexts, referring to treason, desertion, or aiding the enemy, which are considered the most severe forms of disloyalty.
Confusing with Minor Disappointment
A common mistake is using '背叛' for situations that are merely minor disappointments or disagreements. '背叛' implies a serious breach of trust and loyalty, not just a small letdown. For less severe situations, words like '失望' (shīwàng - disappointed) might be more appropriate.
Incorrect Passive Construction
Learners might struggle with the passive voice. Simply saying '他背叛了' (Tā bèipàn le) might imply he betrayed someone, not that he was betrayed. To say 'He was betrayed,' it's crucial to use the passive marker '被' (bèi), as in '他被背叛了' (Tā bèi bèipàn le).
Overusing the Word
Because '背叛' is a strong word, overuse can diminish its impact. Using it for trivial matters might make the speaker sound overly dramatic or insincere. It's best reserved for situations where a significant violation of trust has occurred.
Ignoring the Object of Betrayal
In many contexts, it's important to specify who or what was betrayed. Failing to do so can make the sentence ambiguous. For example, saying '他背叛了' is less clear than '他背叛了她的信任' (Tā bèipàn le tā de xìnrèn - He betrayed her trust).

Incorrect: 我对他的行为感到背叛。(Wǒ duì tā de xíngwéi gǎndào bèipàn.) - This sounds like 'I felt betrayal from his actions' in a very direct, almost possessive way, which is awkward. Correct: 我觉得他的行为是背叛。(Wǒ juédé tā de xíngwéi shì bèipàn.) or 我觉得他背叛了我。(Wǒ juédé tā bèipàn le wǒ.)

Incorrect: 朋友的迟到让我背叛。(Péngyǒu de chídào ràng wǒ bèipàn.) - This implies the friend's lateness caused me to betray someone. Correct: 朋友的迟到让我感到失望。(Péngyǒu de chídào ràng wǒ gǎndào shīwàng.) - 'The friend's lateness made me feel disappointed.'

Incorrect: 他被背叛了朋友。(Tā bèi bèipàn le péngyǒu.) - This is grammatically awkward and implies he was betrayed by his friend, but the structure is not standard. Correct: 他被朋友背叛了。(Tā bèi péngyǒu bèipàn le.) or 他的朋友背叛了他。(Tā de péngyǒu bèipàn le tā.)

Misinterpreting 'Desertion'
While '背叛' can mean desertion, it's not a direct synonym for simply leaving a job or a group. It implies leaving in a way that is disloyal or harmful to those left behind, often abandoning a duty or commitment.
背叛 (bèipàn) vs. 欺骗 (qīpiàn)
背叛 (bèipàn) focuses on disloyalty and breach of trust. It's about acting against someone who trusted you. 欺骗 (qīpiàn) means to deceive or trick someone. While betrayal often involves deception, deception itself isn't always betrayal. You can deceive someone without them having placed trust in you in the same way.
背叛 (bèipàn) vs. 辜负 (gūfù)
背叛 (bèipàn) is a strong term for active disloyalty. 辜负 (gūfù) means to let someone down, to fail to live up to their expectations or hopes. It's less severe than betrayal and can sometimes be unintentional. You can '辜负' someone's hopes without actively betraying them.
背叛 (bèipàn) vs. 叛变 (pànbiàn)
Both relate to rebellion or defection. 叛变 (pànbiàn) is more commonly used in political or military contexts, often referring to treason or deserting an army or political party. 背叛 (bèipàn) is broader and can apply to personal relationships as well as political ones, focusing more on the breach of trust.
背叛 (bèipàn) vs. 离弃 (líqì)
背叛 (bèipàn) implies active disloyalty. 离弃 (líqì) means to abandon or desert someone or something. While betrayal can involve abandonment, '离弃' simply means to leave behind, without necessarily implying a malicious intent or breach of trust. However, in some contexts, '背叛' can encompass the act of desertion.

He was accused of 背叛ing his colleagues by stealing their ideas, not just 欺骗ing them.

I felt I had 辜负ed my parents' expectations by not getting into my dream university, but I didn't 背叛 them.

The soldier's 叛变 was a significant blow to the army's morale.

He chose to 离弃 his family and start a new life, which felt like a 背叛 to them.

背叛 (bèipàn) vs. 投降 (tóuxiáng)
背叛 (bèipàn) is about disloyalty. 投降 (tóuxiáng) means to surrender or capitulate, usually to an enemy. While a surrender can be seen as a betrayal by one's own side, '投降' specifically refers to the act of giving up to the opposing force.

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The character '背' itself depicts a person carrying something on their back, symbolizing burden or turning away. When used in '背叛,' it evokes the image of turning one's back on someone, signifying a break in connection and trust. The character '叛' often appears in words related to rebellion and defiance, reinforcing the strong sense of opposition inherent in betrayal.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /bɛɪˈtrɛɪ/
US /bɪˈtreɪ/
The stress is on the second syllable: be-TRAAY.
هم‌قافیه با
betray obey decay delay display essay prey stay
خطاهای رایج
  • Pronouncing the initial 'b' as voiceless (like 'p').
  • Mispronouncing the diphthongs 'ei'/'ay'.
  • Adding an extra syllable or incorrect vowel sound.
  • Incorrect stress placement, such as on the first syllable.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5

CEFR B1 level. The concept of betrayal is universal, but understanding its nuances and appropriate usage in Chinese requires exposure to various contexts. The characters themselves are relatively straightforward.

نوشتن 3/5

CEFR B1 level. Constructing sentences with '背叛' requires attention to grammar, especially passive voice and specifying the object of betrayal. Overuse or misuse can significantly alter the meaning or tone.

صحبت کردن 3/5

CEFR B1 level. Expressing feelings of betrayal or accusing someone of betrayal requires confidence and accurate vocabulary. The emotional weight of the word can make it challenging to use appropriately in spontaneous conversation.

گوش دادن 3/5

CEFR B1 level. Recognizing '背叛' in spoken Chinese requires understanding the context and the emotional tone. Its strong meaning means it's usually used in significant situations.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

朋友 (péngyǒu) - friend 信任 (xìnrèn) - trust 忠诚 (zhōngchéng) - loyalty 离开 (líkāi) - to leave 伤害 (shānghài) - to hurt

بعداً یاد بگیرید

出卖 (chūmài) - to sell out, betray 欺骗 (qīpiàn) - to deceive 辜负 (gūfù) - to let down 叛变 (pànbiàn) - to rebel, defect 背信弃义 (bèixìn qìyì) - idiom for betrayal

پیشرفته

阴谋 (yīnmóu) - conspiracy 背叛者 (bèipànzhě) - traitor 忠义 (zhōngyì) - loyalty and righteousness 原则 (yuánzé) - principle 联盟 (liánméng) - alliance

گرامر لازم

Using the passive marker '被' (bèi) to indicate being betrayed.

他被朋友背叛了。(Tā bèi péngyǒu bèipàn le.) - He was betrayed by his friend.

Using '对...的背叛' (duì... de bèipàn) to specify what is betrayed.

这是对我们友谊的背叛。(Zhè shì duì wǒmen yǒuyì de bèipàn.) - This is a betrayal of our friendship.

Using '因为...而...' (yīnwèi... ér...) structure to explain the reason for betrayal or its consequences.

他因为贪婪而背叛了国家。(Tā yīnwèi tānlán ér bèipàn le guójiā.) - He betrayed his country because of greed.

Using modal verbs like '不能' (bù néng - cannot) or '应该' (yīnggāi - should) with '背叛'.

我们不应该背叛我们的信仰。(Wǒmen bù yīnggāi bèipàn wǒmen de xìnyǎng.) - We should not betray our beliefs.

Using '认为' (rènwéi - to think/consider) to express an opinion about an act as betrayal.

她认为他的行为是背叛。(Tā rènwéi tā de xíngwéi shì bèipàn.) - She considers his actions to be betrayal.

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

他背叛了朋友。

He betrayed his friend.

Simple Subject-Verb-Object structure.

2

她觉得被背叛了。

She felt betrayed.

Passive voice using '被'.

3

不要背叛我。

Don't betray me.

Imperative sentence.

4

这是对我的背叛。

This is a betrayal of me.

Using '背叛' as a noun.

5

他背叛了国家。

He betrayed the country.

Betrayal of a larger entity.

6

她的信任被背叛了。

Her trust was betrayed.

Passive voice, object is abstract.

7

他背叛了他们的计划。

He betrayed their plan.

Betraying a plan or project.

8

我们不能背叛我们的原则。

We cannot betray our principles.

Using modal verb '不能' (cannot).

1

他的行为是对我们友谊的背叛。

His actions were a betrayal of our friendship.

More complex sentence structure, using '对...的背叛'.

2

她不敢相信自己被最亲近的人背叛了。

She couldn't believe she was betrayed by the person closest to her.

Passive voice with an adverbial phrase indicating the betrayer.

3

这种行为无异于背叛。

This kind of behavior is no different from betrayal.

Using '无异于' (no different from).

4

他选择了背叛,而不是忠诚。

He chose betrayal instead of loyalty.

Using '而不是' (instead of).

5

历史上有许多关于背叛的故事。

There are many stories about betrayal in history.

Using '关于' (about).

6

他们感到被商业伙伴背叛了。

They felt betrayed by their business partners.

Passive voice with a specific context.

7

背叛的后果非常严重。

The consequences of betrayal are very serious.

Using '的' to link noun and adjective.

8

他因为背叛而被解雇了。

He was fired for betrayal.

Using '因为...而被...' structure.

1

他认为揭露公司的秘密是对老板的背叛。

He considered revealing the company's secrets a betrayal of the boss.

Using gerund-like structure (revealing secrets) as the subject.

2

在那个艰难的时刻,他的背叛让我们措手不及。

In that difficult moment, his betrayal caught us off guard.

Using an adverbial phrase of time and a descriptive adjective.

3

她发誓永远不会背叛她的承诺。

She vowed never to betray her promise.

Using '发誓' (vow) and '永远不会' (never).

4

这种行为在道德上是严重的背叛。

This behavior is morally a serious betrayal.

Using '在道德上' (morally) and '严重的' (serious).

5

他被指控背叛了他的国家。

He was accused of betraying his country.

Passive voice with '被指控' (accused of).

6

我们不能容忍这种背叛行为。

We cannot tolerate this act of betrayal.

Using '容忍' (tolerate) and '行为' (behavior/act).

7

他们的联盟因一次背叛而瓦解。

Their alliance disintegrated due to a betrayal.

Using '因...而...' (due to...).

8

他认为自己并没有背叛任何人,只是做了他认为对的选择。

He believed he hadn't betrayed anyone, just made the choice he thought was right.

Complex sentence with a subordinate clause.

1

在权力斗争中,背叛往往是不可避免的手段。

In power struggles, betrayal is often an unavoidable means.

Abstract and philosophical statement.

2

他深感被多年信任的朋友背叛,这让他对人性产生了怀疑。

He deeply felt betrayed by a friend of many years, which made him doubt human nature.

Using '深感' (deeply feel) and a clause explaining the consequence.

3

历史学家们仍在争论这位将军是否真的背叛了国家,还是被迫成为了替罪羊。

Historians are still debating whether the general truly betrayed the country, or was forced to become a scapegoat.

Complex sentence with embedded clauses and rhetorical questions.

4

她用一种近乎冷酷的平静来掩饰被背叛的痛苦。

She concealed the pain of being betrayed with an almost cold calmness.

Using descriptive adverbs and figurative language.

5

我们必须警惕那些可能利用我们的信任并最终背叛我们的人。

We must be vigilant against those who might exploit our trust and ultimately betray us.

Using '警惕' (vigilant) and a relative clause.

6

这种行为是对整个团队精神的背叛,绝不能姑息。

This behavior is a betrayal of the entire team spirit and absolutely cannot be tolerated.

Strong declarative statement with a prohibition.

7

他的一系列举动,最终被视为对公司长远利益的背叛。

His series of actions were ultimately seen as a betrayal of the company's long-term interests.

Using '一系列' (series of) and '长远利益' (long-term interests).

8

在忠诚与背叛的十字路口,他做出了一个艰难的决定。

At the crossroads of loyalty and betrayal, he made a difficult decision.

Metaphorical language.

1

政治家们常常在国家利益与个人野心之间摇摆,有时这种摇摆会被视为一种背叛。

Politicians often oscillate between national interests and personal ambition, and sometimes this oscillation is viewed as a form of betrayal.

Complex sentence with abstract concepts and nuanced phrasing.

2

他试图通过一系列精心策划的行动来弥补他曾经犯下的背叛之罪。

He attempted to atone for the sin of betrayal he once committed through a series of meticulously planned actions.

Using sophisticated vocabulary and abstract noun phrases.

3

在文学作品中,角色的背叛往往是推动情节发展的关键动力。

In literary works, a character's betrayal is often a key driving force for plot development.

Academic and analytical language.

4

她对昔日盟友的背叛行为感到极度震惊,因为她从未想过他们会如此卑鄙。

She was extremely shocked by the betrayal of her former allies, as she never imagined they would be so despicable.

Expressing strong emotion and speculation about motive.

5

这种对承诺的漠视,无异于对信任关系的根本性背叛。

This disregard for promises is tantamount to a fundamental betrayal of the trusting relationship.

Formal and emphatic language, using '无异于' (tantamount to).

6

在信息时代,个人隐私的泄露有时会被比喻为一种数字时代的背叛。

In the information age, the leakage of personal privacy is sometimes likened to a betrayal in the digital era.

Metaphorical and contemporary context.

7

他以一种近乎自我毁灭的方式,选择了背叛自己的初衷。

In a manner bordering on self-destruction, he chose to betray his original intentions.

Describing a profound internal conflict and self-betrayal.

8

对于一个长期致力于公平正义的人来说,目睹背叛的发生是一种巨大的精神打击。

For someone who has long been dedicated to fairness and justice, witnessing betrayal occur is a tremendous spiritual blow.

Elevated vocabulary and complex sentence structure.

1

历史的洪流中,忠诚与背叛的界限常常模糊不清,使得评判人物的动机变得异常复杂。

In the torrent of history, the lines between loyalty and betrayal are often blurred, making the judgment of characters' motives exceptionally complex.

Highly sophisticated and philosophical statement.

2

他深知,每一次对原则的妥协,都是一次对自我认知的一次微妙背叛。

He knew well that every compromise of principles was a subtle betrayal of his self-perception.

Introspective and nuanced analysis of self-betrayal.

3

在信任体系高度发达的现代社会,一次大规模的数据泄露事件,足以引发一场关于数字主权和集体背叛的深刻辩论。

In a modern society with a highly developed trust system, a large-scale data breach is enough to spark a profound debate about digital sovereignty and collective betrayal.

Academic and societal commentary.

4

文学评论家们指出,该作品对人性阴暗面的揭示,主要通过描绘主人公在极端压力下如何选择背叛。

Literary critics point out that the work's revelation of the dark side of human nature is primarily achieved by depicting how the protagonist chooses betrayal under extreme pressure.

Analytical and critical discourse.

5

他以一种近乎艺术化的方式,将职业道德的沦丧描绘成一次对理想主义的最终背叛。

He depicted the degradation of professional ethics in an almost artistic manner as a final betrayal of idealism.

Artistic and critical interpretation.

6

在某些政治哲学观点中,国家对公民的背叛,例如侵犯基本权利,被认为是其合法性基础的根本动摇。

In certain political philosophical views, a state's betrayal of its citizens, such as infringing upon basic rights, is considered a fundamental undermining of its basis of legitimacy.

Philosophical and political theory.

7

他深邃的眼神中,流露出一种历经世事沧桑后,对人类普遍存在的背叛倾向的深刻洞察。

In his profound gaze, there was a deep insight into the universal tendency towards betrayal in humanity, after experiencing the vicissitudes of life.

Highly descriptive and introspective.

8

这场旷日持久的冲突,其根源往往可以追溯到早期一次关键性的背叛,从而引发了一系列不可逆转的连锁反应。

The root cause of this protracted conflict can often be traced back to an initial pivotal betrayal, thereby triggering a series of irreversible chain reactions.

Historical analysis and causal reasoning.

ترکیب‌های رایج

背叛友谊
背叛信任
背叛国家
背叛承诺
背叛爱情
背叛原则
背叛战友
被背叛
深感背叛
严重的背叛

عبارات رایج

背叛了我的信任

— Betrayed my trust. This phrase emphasizes the violation of faith placed in someone.

他认为我背叛了他的信任,但我只是做了我必须做的事。

对...的背叛

— A betrayal of... This structure is used to specify what or whom has been betrayed.

这是对我们共同目标的背叛。

被背叛的感觉

— The feeling of being betrayed. This phrase focuses on the emotional experience of the victim.

被背叛的感觉非常痛苦。

背叛者

— Betrayer. This noun refers to the person who commits the act of betrayal.

他被视为国家的背叛者。

遭受背叛

— To suffer betrayal. This emphasizes the negative experience of being betrayed.

她遭受了她所爱的人的背叛。

纯粹的背叛

— Pure betrayal. Used to emphasize the unadulterated nature of the disloyalty.

这不仅仅是错误,这是纯粹的背叛。

政治上的背叛

— Political betrayal. Refers to disloyalty in the political arena.

这次事件被广泛认为是政治上的背叛。

背叛自己的原则

— To betray one's own principles. Refers to compromising one's core beliefs.

为了名利,他背叛了自己的原则。

背叛了爱情

— Betrayed love. Specifically refers to infidelity or disloyalty in a romantic relationship.

她无法原谅他背叛了爱情。

背叛了团队

— Betrayed the team. Refers to disloyalty to a group or team.

他的行为是对整个团队的背叛。

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

背叛 vs 欺骗 (qīpiàn)

While betrayal often involves deception, '欺骗' (deceive) is broader and can occur without a prior establishment of trust. Betrayal specifically implies a violation of trust that was previously present.

背叛 vs 辜负 (gūfù)

'辜负' means to let someone down or fail to meet expectations. It's generally less severe than '背叛' and can sometimes be unintentional. Betrayal implies a more active and deliberate breach of loyalty.

背叛 vs 离弃 (líqì)

'离弃' means to abandon or desert. While betrayal can involve abandonment, '离弃' focuses solely on the act of leaving, without necessarily implying the violation of trust inherent in betrayal.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"恩将仇报"

— To repay kindness with enmity; to bite the hand that feeds you. This is a specific type of betrayal where one harms the person who has helped them.

他不但不感激,反而恩将仇报,这真是令人心寒。

Idiomatic/Formal
"背信弃义"

— To break faith and abandon righteousness; to be faithless and unprincipled. This idiom describes a profound lack of integrity and loyalty.

他的行为是赤裸裸的背信弃义,我们不能再信任他了。

Idiomatic/Formal
"忘恩负义"

— To forget favors and act ungratefully; to be ungrateful. While not directly 'betrayal,' it's a strong form of disloyalty stemming from a lack of appreciation for help received.

他忘恩负义,完全不记得是谁帮助了他。

Idiomatic/Neutral
"临阵脱逃"

— To flee from the battlefield; to desert in the face of danger. This idiom refers to abandoning one's duty or responsibility at a critical moment, which is a form of betrayal of trust and commitment.

在最危险的时候,他竟然临阵脱逃,真是懦夫!

Idiomatic/Formal
"墙头草"

— Literally 'grass on the wall,' referring to someone who changes their allegiance easily depending on the situation, essentially betraying their previous stance. Someone who is opportunistic and lacks firm loyalty.

他是个墙头草,哪边有利就倒向哪边。

Idiomatic/Informal
"鸡鸣狗盗"

— Literally 'cock crowing and dog stealing,' referring to base or mean acts, often involving deception or treachery for personal gain. It can imply a betrayal of trust through petty criminal acts.

他们靠着鸡鸣狗盗的手段才获得了那笔钱。

Idiomatic/Formal
"勾心斗角"

— To scheme against each other; engage in intrigues. While not directly betrayal, it often involves backstabbing and undermining others, which can lead to or be a form of betrayal.

办公室里的人都在勾心斗角,谁也信不过。

Idiomatic/Neutral
"阳奉阴违"

— To feign compliance but act in opposition; to outwardly obey but inwardly defy. This is a subtle form of betrayal where one pretends to agree but secretly works against the agreed-upon plan.

他表面上答应了,实际上却阳奉阴违。

Idiomatic/Formal
"反戈一击"

— To turn one's weapon against one's own side; to switch allegiance and attack former allies. This is a direct act of betrayal, often with significant consequences.

他最终反戈一击,加入了敌人的阵营。

Idiomatic/Formal
"认贼作父"

— To recognize an enemy as one's father; to betray one's own side by siding with the enemy. This is a severe form of betrayal, especially in contexts of conflict or resistance.

在亡国之际,有些人选择认贼作父。

Idiomatic/Formal

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背叛 vs 出卖 (chūmài)

Both '出卖' and '背叛' can involve disloyalty and causing harm to someone. '出卖' often implies doing so for personal gain, like selling secrets or information.

'背叛' is a broader term focusing on the violation of trust and loyalty, regardless of motive. '出卖' specifically emphasizes the act of selling out or trading something valuable (like loyalty or information) for profit or advantage. You can '背叛' someone without necessarily '出卖' them in the financial sense, and vice versa, though they often overlap.

他背叛了公司,但没有出卖任何机密信息。(He betrayed the company but didn't sell out any secret information.)

背叛 vs 叛变 (pànbiàn)

Both words relate to disloyalty and rebellion against an established entity.

'叛变' is typically used in more formal, political, or military contexts, referring to treason or defection from a country, party, or army. '背叛' is more versatile and can apply to personal relationships (friends, lovers) as well as abstract concepts like principles, in addition to political contexts. '叛变' is a specific type of betrayal often involving overt rebellion.

士兵叛变了。(The soldier defected/mutinied.) vs. 他背叛了我的信任。(He betrayed my trust.)

背叛 vs 食言 (shíyán)

Both involve failing to uphold an agreement or commitment.

'食言' (to break one's word) is about failing to keep a promise. It's a form of disloyalty to one's commitment but is generally less severe than '背叛'. '背叛' implies a deeper breach of trust and loyalty, often involving active harm or disloyalty to a person or cause, not just failing to follow through on a promise.

他食言了,没有来。(He broke his word and didn't come.) vs. 他背叛了我。(He betrayed me.)

背叛 vs 恩将仇报 (ēn jiāng chóu bào)

This idiom describes an act of disloyalty where someone harms the person who helped them, which is a form of betrayal.

'恩将仇报' is a specific idiom describing the act of repaying kindness with enmity. It focuses on the ingratitude and the harmful response to benevolence. '背叛' is a more general term for disloyalty and breach of trust, which may or may not involve an initial act of kindness being repaid with harm.

他恩将仇报,攻击了帮助他的人。(He repaid kindness with enmity and attacked the person who helped him.)

背叛 vs 忘恩负义 (wàng ēn fù yì)

Both describe a lack of loyalty and appreciation.

'忘恩负义' means to be ungrateful and forget the favors received. It's about a lack of appreciation and failing to acknowledge help. '背叛' is a more active and severe form of disloyalty that involves actively acting against the interests of someone who trusted you. One can be ungrateful without actively betraying someone, but betrayal often stems from or is accompanied by ingratitude.

他忘恩负义,不记得谁帮过他。(He is ungrateful and doesn't remember who helped him.) vs. 他背叛了帮助过他的人。(He betrayed the person who helped him.)

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

A1

Subject + 背叛 + Object。

他背叛了朋友。

A2

Subject + 觉得 + 被 + Object + 背叛。

她觉得被他背叛了。

B1

Subject + 认为 + [Clause] + 是 + 对 + Object + 的 + 背叛。

他认为这样做是对原则的背叛。

B1

Subject + 因为 + [Reason] + 而 + 背叛 + Object。

他因为贪婪而背叛了国家。

B2

Subject + 深感 + 被 + [Betrayer] + 背叛,这 + [Consequence]。

她深感被好友背叛,这让她对人性产生了怀疑。

B2

Subject + 必须 + 警惕 + 那些 + 可能 + 背叛 + 我们 + 的 + 人。

我们必须警惕那些可能背叛我们的人。

C1

在 + [Context] + 中,Subject + 的 + 背叛 + 往往 + 是 + [Nature]。

在权力斗争中,背叛往往是不可避免的手段。

C2

Subject + 以 + [Manner] + 的 + 方式 + 将 + [Action] + 描绘成 + 一次 + 对 + [Ideal] + 的 + 最终 + 背叛。

他以一种艺术化的方式将职业道德的沦丧描绘成一次对理想主义的最终背叛。

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

背叛者 (bèipànzhě) - betrayer
背叛行为 (bèipàn xíngwéi) - act of betrayal

فعل‌ها

背叛 (bèipàn) - to betray

صفت‌ها

背叛性的 (bèipànxìng de) - treacherous, betraying (less common)

مرتبط

忠诚 (zhōngchéng) - loyalty
信任 (xìnrèn) - trust
欺骗 (qīpiàn) - deceive
承诺 (chéngnuò) - promise
原则 (yuánzé) - principle

نحوه استفاده

frequency

High (especially in media, literature, and discussions of serious interpersonal conflicts or political events)

اشتباهات رایج
  • Using '背叛' for minor disappointments. Using words like '失望' (shīwàng - disappointed) or '不满' (bùmǎn - dissatisfied).

    '背叛' implies a serious breach of trust and loyalty. Using it for trivial matters trivializes the word and can make the speaker sound overly dramatic or insincere. For example, if a friend is late, it's disappointing, not a betrayal.

  • Incorrect passive voice construction. Using '被' (bèi) before '背叛' when indicating the victim of betrayal.

    Saying '他背叛了' (Tā bèipàn le) could imply he betrayed someone else. To say 'He was betrayed,' it must be '他被背叛了' (Tā bèi bèipàn le). Omitting '被' changes the meaning significantly.

  • Confusing '背叛' with '欺骗' (qīpiàn - deceive). Understanding that '背叛' requires a prior element of trust that is violated, while '欺骗' is simply deceiving someone.

    You can deceive someone without betraying them if there was no trust involved. Betrayal specifically targets trust. For example, a magician might deceive the audience, but they aren't betraying them unless the audience had placed trust in the magician's honesty.

  • Overuse of the word. Using '背叛' only in situations of significant disloyalty.

    Because '背叛' is a strong word with serious implications, frequent use for minor issues diminishes its impact. It's important to maintain its gravity by reserving it for truly significant breaches of trust.

  • Incorrectly applying '背叛' to simple abandonment. Using '离弃' (líqì - abandon) or '放弃' (fàngqì - give up) when the act is simply leaving or giving up, without the element of disloyalty.

    '背叛' includes the notion of disloyalty and breaking trust. If someone simply leaves a job without notice, it might be unprofessional but not necessarily a betrayal unless they violated a deep trust or commitment tied to their role.

نکات

Mind the Stress

Remember that the stress in '背叛' falls on the second syllable: be-TRAAY. Practicing the pronunciation with native speakers or audio resources will help you sound more natural.

Passive Voice

To express that someone was betrayed, use the passive marker '被' (bèi) before '背叛'. For example, '他被背叛了' (Tā bèi bèipàn le) means 'He was betrayed'.

Distinguish from Similar Words

Understand the nuances between '背叛' and similar words like '欺骗' (deceive) or '辜负' (let down). '背叛' specifically involves a violation of trust and loyalty.

Cultural Significance

In Chinese culture, loyalty is highly esteemed. Betrayal is seen as a grave offense, often carrying strong moral condemnation. Be mindful of this cultural context when discussing or using the word.

Visual Mnemonics

Create vivid mental images connecting the characters '背' (back) and '叛' (rebel) to the act of turning your back on someone and rebelling against them. This visual link can aid recall.

Show, Don't Just Tell

When writing about betrayal, instead of just stating that someone was betrayed, describe the actions, the emotional impact, and the consequences to make the narrative more powerful and relatable.

Expressing Feelings

Practice using phrases like '我感到被背叛了' (Wǒ gǎndào bèi bèipàn le - I feel betrayed) to express your emotions accurately. This helps in conveying the depth of your feelings.

Context Clues

When listening, pay attention to the speaker's tone and the situation. The strong negative emotion often associated with '背叛' will usually make its meaning clear.

Use in Sentences

Actively try to incorporate '背叛' into your own sentences, both in writing and speaking. The more you use it in different contexts, the more comfortable and accurate you will become.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Imagine someone turning their back ('背') on a trusted friend and then rebelling ('叛') against them. The visual of turning your back signifies disloyalty, and the act of rebellion seals the betrayal.

تداعی تصویری

Picture a knight in shining armor turning their back on their king and joining the enemy, their shield emblazoned with a broken symbol. The act of turning away and joining the opposition visually represents betrayal.

شبکه واژگان

Betrayal Disloyalty Treachery Deception Broken Trust Abandonment Rebellion Infidelity

چالش

Try to create a short story or a dialogue where the word '背叛' is used multiple times, describing different scenarios of betrayal. This will help solidify its meaning and usage in various contexts.

ریشه کلمه

The word '背叛' is composed of two characters: '背' (bèi) and '叛' (pàn). '背' can mean 'back' or 'to turn one's back on,' implying turning away from someone or something. '叛' means 'rebel,' 'revolt,' or 'betray.' Together, they vividly convey the idea of turning one's back on loyalty and rebelling against trust.

معنای اصلی: The combination suggests turning away from and rebelling against a trusted relationship or allegiance.

Sino-Tibetan

بافت فرهنگی

The word '背叛' is highly sensitive due to its strong negative emotional and moral implications. It should be used carefully and only when a genuine and significant breach of trust or loyalty has occurred. Using it lightly can trivialize serious offenses or cause unnecessary hurt.

In English-speaking cultures, betrayal is also viewed very negatively, often associated with concepts like 'stabbed in the back' or 'treason.' The emphasis is on the violation of trust and the ensuing damage to relationships and social order.

The story of Liu Bei, Guan Yu, and Zhang Fei in 'Romance of the Three Kingdoms' often involves themes of loyalty and potential betrayal, highlighting the high value placed on brotherhood. Historical accounts of political intrigue and power struggles frequently detail acts of betrayal among court officials or warring factions. Many Chinese idioms and proverbs warn against betrayal or describe its consequences, reflecting its cultural significance.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Personal relationships (friends, family, partners)

  • 他背叛了我们的友谊。
  • 我感到被她背叛了。
  • 这是对我们爱情的背叛。

Politics and national affairs

  • 他背叛了自己的国家。
  • 这次事件是政治上的背叛。
  • 叛徒被指控背叛国家。

Literature, movies, and drama

  • 小说中充满了背叛的情节。
  • 他的背叛是故事的关键转折点。
  • 她无法原谅角色的背叛。

Business and professional settings

  • 他背叛了公司的信任。
  • 被商业伙伴背叛的感觉很难受。
  • 这是对我们团队的背叛。

Abstract concepts (principles, ideals)

  • 他背叛了自己的原则。
  • 这是对理想的背叛。
  • 我们不能背叛我们的信仰。

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"Have you ever felt betrayed by someone you trusted?"

"What do you think is the worst kind of betrayal?"

"Can betrayal ever be justified?"

"How do people typically react when they feel betrayed?"

"Are there any famous stories or movies about betrayal that you know?"

موضوعات نگارش

Reflect on a time you felt betrayed. How did it affect you, and how did you cope with the emotions?

Consider a situation where someone might be forced to choose between loyalty and self-preservation. What are the ethical implications?

Write a fictional story where betrayal plays a central role in the plot. Explore the motivations of the betrayer and the consequences for the betrayed.

Think about the concept of 'self-betrayal.' Can people betray their own values or dreams? How does this manifest?

Discuss the difference between a misunderstanding and a betrayal. When does disappointment cross the line into betrayal?

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

The most common and direct translation for 'betrayal' as a verb is '背叛' (bèipàn). As a noun, '背叛' can also refer to the act of betrayal itself. Other related terms like '出卖' (chūmài - to sell out) or '叛变' (pànbiàn - to rebel/defect) are used in more specific contexts.

You would typically use the passive marker '被' (bèi). So, 'I was betrayed' translates to '我被背叛了' (Wǒ bèi bèipàn le). If you want to specify who betrayed you, you can say '我被他背叛了' (Wǒ bèi tā bèipàn le - I was betrayed by him).

Yes, '背叛' is almost always a negative word, carrying a strong connotation of disloyalty and broken trust. It signifies a serious offense in relationships, politics, and ethics. There are very few, if any, contexts where it is used positively.

Yes, absolutely. You can '背叛' your principles (背叛原则 - bèipàn yuánzé), your ideals (背叛理想 - bèipàn lǐxiǎng), or your promises (背叛承诺 - bèipàn chéngnuò). This usage refers to compromising or abandoning one's core beliefs or commitments.

'背叛' (bèipàn) implies a violation of trust and loyalty, often involving active disloyalty. '欺骗' (qīpiàn) means to deceive or trick. While betrayal often involves deception, deception itself doesn't necessarily mean betrayal. Betrayal requires a prior element of trust that is then broken.

Betrayal is considered a very serious offense in Chinese culture. Loyalty (忠) and righteousness (义) are highly valued virtues. Acts of betrayal are often met with strong social condemnation and are seen as deeply shameful.

Yes, '背叛' can be used in a military context, but '叛变' (pànbiàn) is often more specific for treason or desertion from military ranks. '背叛' is more general and can refer to betraying comrades or the cause.

Common phrases include '背叛了我的信任' (bèipàn le wǒ de xìnrèn - betrayed my trust), '对...的背叛' (duì... de bèipàn - a betrayal of...), and '被背叛的感觉' (bèi bèipàn de gǎnjué - the feeling of being betrayed).

Yes, the idiom '恩将仇报' (ēn jiāng chóu bào) specifically means to repay kindness with enmity, which is a form of betrayal.

The noun for 'betrayer' is '背叛者' (bèipànzhě).

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