偏见
偏见 در ۳۰ ثانیه
- An unfair, preconceived judgment against a person or group.
- Often negative and not based on facts or knowledge.
- Leads to biased perspectives and can result in discrimination.
- Essential to recognize and challenge for fairness and equality.
- Definition
- A preconceived and often negative judgment or opinion about a person or group that is not based on reason or actual experience. It's a way of seeing things that is unfair and unbalanced.
- Etymology
- The word '偏见' (piānjiàn) comes from '偏' (piān), meaning 'one-sided' or 'partial', and '见' (jiàn), meaning 'view' or 'opinion'. Together, they literally mean a 'one-sided view' or 'partial opinion', which perfectly captures the essence of bias.
- Usage Contexts
- This word is frequently used when discussing social issues, discrimination, stereotypes, and personal interactions. It's common in news reports, academic discussions, and everyday conversations about fairness and equality. For example, you might hear about racial prejudice, gender bias, or even a personal bias someone has developed.
我们应该努力消除社会上存在的各种偏见。
他对外国人的偏见很深。
- Expressing Personal Bias
- You can use '偏见' to describe your own biases or those of others. For instance, '我承认我对这个话题可能有些偏见' (I admit I might have somebias on this topic).
- Discussing Societal Issues
- '偏见' is essential when talking about discrimination. You might say, '这种偏见在很多地方依然存在' (This kind ofprejudice still exists in many places).
- Identifying Stereotypes
- When stereotypes lead to unfair judgments, '偏见' is the word. For example, '我们不能因为一个人的外貌就对他产生偏见' (We cannot formprejudice against someone based on their appearance).
消除偏见需要时间和教育。
他的言论暴露了他内心的偏见。
- News and Current Events
- You'll frequently hear '偏见' in discussions about social issues, human rights, and political commentary. News anchors and analysts often use it to describe unfair attitudes or systemic discrimination against certain groups.
- Educational Settings
- In classrooms, especially in social studies, history, and ethics, '偏见' is a key term. Teachers might discuss historical examples of prejudice or encourage students to reflect on their own potential biases.
- Workplace Discussions
- In professional environments, especially in human resources or diversity and inclusion training, '偏见' is used to address unfair treatment or unconscious biases that can affect hiring, promotions, or team dynamics.
- Personal Conversations
- Friends might discuss their experiences with prejudice or talk about how to challenge biased opinions they encounter. It can also be used to describe a personal feeling of unfairness towards something or someone.
社会新闻常常报道关于偏见的事件。
在课堂上,老师讲解了什么是性别偏见。
- Confusing with '意见' (yìjiàn - opinion)
- A common mistake is to use '偏见' when simply expressing a personal opinion. '意见' is a neutral term for a view or suggestion, while '偏见' implies an unfair or biased view. For example, saying '我对电影的偏见' (My prejudice towards the movie) would be incorrect if you just meant you didn't like it. You should say '我对电影的意见' (My opinion about the movie).
- Overusing '偏见' for Minor Dislikes
- '偏见' signifies a deep-seated, unfair judgment. It's incorrect to use it for simple preferences or dislikes. For instance, saying '我偏见西瓜' (I have prejudice against watermelon) is an exaggeration. You might just have a '不喜欢' (bù xǐhuān - dislike).
- Using it for Objective Criticism
- If you are providing constructive criticism based on facts and analysis, it is not '偏见'. For example, critiquing a poorly written essay is not bias; it's an objective assessment. Using '偏见' here would be inaccurate.
Mistake: 我对新来的同事有偏见,因为他看起来很懒。
Correct: 我对新来的同事可能有些看法,因为他看起来有点懒散。
- 成见 (chéngjiàn)
- Meaning: Preconceived notion, ingrained prejudice. Similar to '偏见' but often implies a more deeply rooted and stubborn belief that is hard to change.
Example: 他对新技术的成见很深,不愿意尝试。(Hispreconceived notions about new technology are deep, and he is unwilling to try.)
- 歧视 (qíshì)
- Meaning: Discrimination. This is the action or practice of treating a person or group unfairly based on prejudice. '偏见' is the attitude, while '歧视' is the behavior resulting from that attitude.
Example: 我们必须反对一切形式的歧视。(We must oppose all forms ofdiscrimination.)
- 刻板印象 (kèbǎn yìnxiàng)
- Meaning: Stereotype. This is an oversimplified and often fixed idea or image of a particular type of person or thing. Stereotypes can be the basis for '偏见'.
Example: 消除对某个群体的刻板印象非常重要。(It is very important to eliminatestereotypes about a certain group.)
- 看法 (kànfǎ) / 观点 (guāndiǎn)
- Meaning: View, opinion, perspective. These are neutral terms for a person's thoughts or beliefs. They are used when the judgment is not necessarily unfair or biased.
Example: 我对这个问题的看法和你不同。(Myview on this issue is different from yours.)
'偏见' is the unfair attitude, '歧视' is the unfair action.
چقدر رسمی است؟
نکته جالب
The character '偏' (piān) itself is composed of the radical '亻' (rén, meaning person) and the phonetic component '扁' (biǎn, meaning flat or small). This composition might suggest a person who is 'bent' or leaning to one side, reinforcing the idea of partiality. The character '见' (jiàn) has an ancient pictographic origin depicting an eye, signifying vision or seeing.
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing the 'j' sound too softly, making it sound like 'pien-ian'.
- Not aspirating the initial 'p' sound, making it sound like 'bien-jian'.
- Confusing the vowel sounds, especially the 'e' and 'i'.
- Incorrect stress placement, sometimes stressing the second syllable.
- Not clearly articulating the final 'n' sound in 'jian'.
سطح دشواری
The word '偏见' is commonly encountered in intermediate to advanced reading materials, especially those discussing social issues, psychology, or current events. Understanding its nuances requires a solid grasp of abstract concepts and critical thinking.
Using '偏见' correctly in writing, especially in formal contexts, requires careful consideration of its meaning and appropriate collocations. Overuse or misuse can detract from the clarity and credibility of the text.
Expressing complex ideas about fairness, justice, or personal biases in spoken Chinese often involves using '偏见'. Learners need to be able to articulate their thoughts clearly and avoid sounding prejudiced themselves.
Recognizing '偏见' in spoken Chinese is important for understanding the speaker's intent, especially in debates, news reports, or discussions about social dynamics. Its meaning can be subtle and context-dependent.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
Using '对...有偏见' (duì...yǒu piānjiàn) - to have prejudice against...
他对新的工作方法有偏见。
Using '带有偏见' (dàiyǒu piānjiàn) - to carry prejudice, to be biased
他的分析带有偏见,不够客观。
Using '消除偏见' (xiāochú piānjiàn) - to eliminate prejudice
我们需要共同努力消除偏见。
Using '避免偏见' (bìmiǎn piānjiàn) - to avoid prejudice
在做判断时,要尽量避免偏见。
Using '产生偏见' (chǎnshēng piānjiàn) - to generate prejudice
不充分的了解容易产生偏见。
مثالها بر اساس سطح
我喜欢这个颜色。
I like this color.
Simple statement of preference.
他很高。
He is very tall.
Basic adjective description.
这是我的书。
This is my book.
Possessive pronoun usage.
猫在睡觉。
The cat is sleeping.
Present continuous tense.
今天天气很好。
The weather is good today.
Describing weather.
我爱吃苹果。
I love eating apples.
Expressing likes with verbs.
她是中国人。
She is Chinese.
Identifying nationality.
请给我一杯水。
Please give me a glass of water.
Making a simple request.
我不喜欢这个电影,我觉得它很无聊。
I don't like this movie, I think it's very boring.
Expressing dislike and giving a simple reason.
他总是迟到,这让我有点生气。
He is always late, which makes me a little angry.
Connecting cause and effect with '让'.
我妈妈做的菜很好吃。
The dishes my mom cooks are delicious.
Using possessive and descriptive adjectives.
我们应该早点去,不然会没有座位。
We should go earlier, otherwise there won't be any seats.
Using '不然' for consequence.
这个城市很现代化,有很多高楼大厦。
This city is very modern, with many tall buildings.
Describing a place with multiple features.
我学习中文是因为我想去中国旅行。
I study Chinese because I want to travel to China.
Using '因为' to state a reason.
他看起来不太高兴,也许他遇到了什么麻烦。
He doesn't look very happy, maybe he's encountered some trouble.
Expressing conjecture with '也许'.
请你下次说话小心一点,不要伤害到别人。
Please be more careful when you speak next time, don't hurt others.
Giving advice and using negative commands.
我认为我们不应该对外国人持有任何偏见。
I believe we should not hold anyprejudice against foreigners.
Using '我认为' (I think/believe) and expressing a stance against prejudice.
他的言论中明显带有对某个群体的偏见。
His remarks clearly carryprejudice against a certain group.
Using '带有' (carry/have) and specifying the target of prejudice.
我们要努力消除社会上的偏见,建立一个更公平的环境。
We must strive to eliminate societalprejudice and build a fairer environment.
Using '消除' (eliminate) and connecting it with a goal.
由于长期的刻板印象,很多人对这个职业存在偏见。
Due to long-standing stereotypes, many people holdprejudice towards this profession.
Using '由于' (due to) and '存在' (exist/hold) to show the cause and effect.
我承认我可能对某些事情有过偏见,我会反思的。
I admit I might have hadprejudice towards certain things, and I will reflect on it.
Acknowledging personal bias and committing to self-reflection.
媒体的报道方式有时会加剧公众的偏见。
The way the media reports can sometimes exacerbate publicprejudice.
Using '加剧' (exacerbate/intensify) to describe the media's impact.
我们需要保持开放的心态,避免形成不必要的偏见。
We need to maintain an open mind and avoid forming unnecessaryprejudices.
Using '保持' (maintain) and '避免' (avoid) in the context of mindset.
克服个人偏见是个人成长的重要一步。
Overcoming personalprejudice is an important step in personal growth.
Using '克服' (overcome) and linking it to personal development.
在多元化的社会中,识别和挑战根深蒂固的偏见至关重要。
In a diverse society, identifying and challenging deep-rootedprejudices is crucial.
Using '根深蒂固' (deep-rooted) and '至关重要' (crucial).
尽管他努力表现得客观,但他的分析中仍不难看出一些偏见的痕迹。
Although he tried to appear objective, it's still not hard to see traces ofbias in his analysis.
Using '尽管...仍不难看出' (although...it's still not hard to see) to express subtle observation.
某些媒体为了吸引眼球,常常会放大和利用人们的偏见。
Some media outlets, in order to attract attention, often amplify and exploit people'sprejudices.
Using '为了吸引眼球' (in order to attract attention) and '放大和利用' (amplify and exploit).
文化差异本身并不会导致偏见,但如果处理不当,很容易产生误解和偏见。
Cultural differences themselves do not causeprejudice, but if handled improperly, misunderstandings andprejudice can easily arise.
Using '本身' (itself) and '如果...很容易' (if...easily) to discuss causality.
他试图用数据来证明自己的观点没有偏见,但听众似乎并不买账。
He tried to use data to prove his viewpoint was free ofbias, but the audience didn't seem convinced.
Using '试图' (try to), '证明' (prove), and '并不买账' (not convinced/buy it).
在招聘过程中,必须警惕任何形式的偏见,以确保公平竞争。
During the recruitment process, it is essential to be vigilant against any form ofbias to ensure fair competition.
Using '警惕' (be vigilant) and '以确保' (in order to ensure).
我们应该鼓励人们质疑自己内心的偏见,并积极寻求不同视角。
We should encourage people to question their innerbiases and actively seek different perspectives.
Using '质疑' (question) and '积极寻求' (actively seek).
历史告诉我们,偏见是导致冲突和不公的重要根源之一。
History tells us thatprejudice is one of the important root causes of conflict and injustice.
Using '告诉我们' (tells us) and '根源之一' (one of the root causes).
要根除社会中的偏见,需要系统性的教育改革和文化观念的转变。
To eradicateprejudice in society requires systematic educational reform and a shift in cultural perceptions.
Using '根除' (eradicate), '系统性的' (systematic), and '观念的转变' (shift in perceptions).
尽管他极力辩称自己的研究不受任何偏见的影响,但其研究方法和结论却引发了广泛质疑。
Although he strenuously argued that his research was not influenced by anybias, his research methods and conclusions nevertheless provoked widespread doubt.
Using '极力辩称' (strenuously argue), '不受...影响' (not be influenced by), and '引发了广泛质疑' (provoked widespread doubt).
在信息爆炸的时代,辨别信息的真伪并避免被偏见所左右,是一项严峻的挑战。
In the age of information explosion, distinguishing the truth from falsehood of information and avoiding being swayed bybias is a formidable challenge.
Using '信息爆炸' (information explosion), '辨别真伪' (distinguish truth from falsehood), and '严峻的挑战' (formidable challenge).
文化相对主义强调理解不同文化背景下的行为和观念,而非以自身的偏见去评判。
Cultural relativism emphasizes understanding behaviors and concepts within different cultural contexts, rather than judging them with one's ownbiases.
Using '文化相对主义' (cultural relativism), '强调' (emphasize), and '而非' (rather than).
她以其卓越的洞察力,能够洞悉隐藏在表面现象之下的偏见。
With her exceptional insight, she can discern theprejudice hidden beneath the surface phenomena.
Using '卓越的洞察力' (exceptional insight), '洞悉' (discern), and '隐藏在...之下' (hidden beneath).
尽管社会进步显著,但某些群体仍然面临着因历史遗留问题而产生的偏见和歧视。
Despite significant societal progress, certain groups still faceprejudice and discrimination stemming from historical legacies.
Using '尽管...但' (despite...but), '历史遗留问题' (historical legacies), and '因...而产生' (stemming from/arising from).
我们必须警惕那些试图利用和煽动偏见来达到政治目的的言论。
We must be wary of rhetoric that attempts to exploit and inciteprejudice for political ends.
Using '警惕' (be wary), '利用和煽动' (exploit and incite), and '达到政治目的' (achieve political ends).
真正的教育在于培养批判性思维,使个体能够独立判断,而非盲从于既定的偏见。
True education lies in cultivating critical thinking, enabling individuals to judge independently, rather than blindly following establishedprejudices.
Using '培养批判性思维' (cultivate critical thinking), '独立判断' (judge independently), and '盲从于' (blindly follow).
对社会结构性偏见的审视,要求我们超越个体的主观臆断,深入剖析其历史渊源和运作机制。
The examination of structural societalprejudice requires us to transcend individual subjective assumptions and deeply analyze its historical origins and mechanisms of operation.
Using '结构性' (structural), '审视' (examination), '超越...主观臆断' (transcend subjective assumptions), '深入剖析' (deeply analyze), '历史渊源' (historical origins), and '运作机制' (mechanisms of operation).
在跨文化交际中,识别并消解潜意识偏见,是建立有效沟通和相互尊重的基石。
In intercultural communication, identifying and dissolving subconsciousbiases is the cornerstone for establishing effective communication and mutual respect.
Using '跨文化交际' (intercultural communication), '潜意识' (subconscious), '消解' (dissolve), and '基石' (cornerstone).
那些声称“客观中立”的叙事,往往潜藏着精心掩饰的偏见,其影响之深远不容忽视。
Those narratives claiming 'objective neutrality' often harbor carefully concealedprejudices, whose far-reaching influence cannot be ignored.
Using '声称' (claim), '潜藏着' (harbor/lie hidden within), '精心掩饰的' (carefully concealed), and '影响之深远不容忽视' (far-reaching influence cannot be ignored).
历史叙事中的偏见,不仅扭曲了过往的真相,也深刻地塑造了当下的身份认同和群体关系。
Thebias in historical narratives not only distorts the truth of the past but also profoundly shapes present identities and group relations.
Using '历史叙事' (historical narratives), '扭曲了...真相' (distorts the truth), '塑造了' (shapes), and '身份认同' (identity).
我们必须警惕那些以“文化多元”为幌子,实则宣扬和固化偏见的言论。
We must be vigilant against rhetoric that, under the guise of 'cultural pluralism', actually propagates and solidifiesprejudices.
Using '以...为幌子' (under the guise of), '实则' (in reality/actually), '宣扬和固化' (propagates and solidifies).
后殖民主义理论深刻地揭示了西方中心主义如何通过文化输出,将偏见内化于被殖民者的观念之中。
Postcolonial theory profoundly reveals how Western-centric views, through cultural export, internalizeprejudice into the consciousness of the colonized.
Using '后殖民主义理论' (postcolonial theory), '西方中心主义' (Western-centric views), '文化输出' (cultural export), and '内化于...观念之中' (internalize into consciousness).
在面对复杂社会问题时,区分基于事实的批评与带有偏见的攻击,是进行有效对话的前提。
When facing complex social issues, distinguishing between fact-based criticism and attacks laden withbias is a prerequisite for productive dialogue.
Using '区分...与...' (distinguish between...and...), '带有...的攻击' (attacks laden with), and '前提' (prerequisite).
对自身偏见的认知,是迈向更深层次的自我觉察和真正理解他人的起点。
The recognition of one's ownbiases is the starting point for achieving a deeper level of self-awareness and genuine understanding of others.
Using '认知' (recognition), '迈向' (move towards), '自我觉察' (self-awareness), and '真正理解' (genuine understanding).
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— To eliminate prejudice; to get rid of unfair judgments.
我们必须共同努力,消除社会上存在的各种偏见,才能建立一个更加公正和包容的社会。
— To carry prejudice; to be biased.
他的评论明显带有对某个群体的偏见,缺乏客观性。
— To generate prejudice; to form a biased opinion.
不了解事实真相很容易让人产生不必要的偏见。
— To overcome prejudice; to get past unfair judgments.
克服个人的偏见是个人成长的重要一步,需要自我反思和学习。
— To avoid prejudice; to refrain from forming biased opinions.
在做任何判断之前,我们都应该努力避免偏见,做到公正客观。
— Deep-rooted prejudice; ingrained bias.
根深蒂固的偏见往往是历史和社会因素共同作用的结果,难以在短时间内改变。
— Personal prejudice; individual bias.
每个人都可能存在个人偏见,关键在于能否意识到并加以修正。
— Societal prejudice; social bias.
社会偏见对弱势群体造成了极大的伤害,需要社会各界共同努力来解决。
— Objective evaluation; unbiased assessment. (Implies the absence of '偏见')
为了进行客观评价,我们需要收集足够的信息,并尽量排除个人情感的影响。
— Without prejudice; impartially.
法官必须不带偏见地审理案件,依据法律和事实做出判决。
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
'意见' means opinion or view and is neutral. '偏见' specifically implies an unfair or biased opinion. For example, saying '我对电影有意见' (I have an opinion about the movie) is normal, but saying '我对电影有偏见' would imply you dislike it unfairly without good reason.
'看法' also means view or opinion and is generally neutral. While a '看法' can sometimes be biased, '偏见' directly denotes the unfairness and lack of objectivity in the judgment.
'成见' is very similar to '偏见' and often used interchangeably. However, '成见' can sometimes imply a more deeply ingrained, stubborn, and long-held belief or notion that is hard to change, often formed before any real experience.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— To judge a person by their appearance. This is a common way that prejudice manifests.
我们不应该以貌取人,每个人都有自己的价值和故事。
Neutral— To form an opinion beforehand; to jump to conclusions based on initial impressions. This often leads to prejudice.
听信谣言而先入为主,会对他人造成不公平的评价。
Neutral— To view something through colored glasses; to see things with a biased perspective.
如果你戴着有色眼镜看问题,就很难看到事情的真相。
Neutral— To generalize; to lump everything together. This often stems from prejudice.
不能因为少数人的行为就对整个群体一概而论。
Neutral— To seek common ground while reserving differences. This is the opposite of prejudice, which focuses on differences negatively.
在国际交流中,求同存异是建立良好关系的关键。
Formal— Impartial; unbiased. This describes the ideal state of judgment, free from prejudice.
作为调解人,他必须做到不偏不倚,公平地处理双方的争端。
Formal— What is heard is false, what is seen is true; seeing is believing. This emphasizes the importance of direct experience over hearsay, which can fuel prejudice.
与其听信别人的闲话,不如自己去看看,毕竟耳听为虚,眼见为实。
Proverbial— Preconceived notions are hard to remove. This highlights the difficulty in overcoming deeply held prejudices.
一旦一个人心中有了成见,想要改变他的想法就非常困难,真是成见难除啊。
Proverbial— To be blinded by a single leaf; to have one's vision obscured by a trivial thing, preventing one from seeing the bigger picture or the truth. This is a metaphor for how prejudice can distort perception.
只看到对方的缺点,而忽略了他们的优点,就像一叶障目一样。
Idiomatic— Seek great commonalities, reserve minor differences. Similar to '求同存异', emphasizing finding broad agreement over minor disagreements, thus avoiding prejudice based on small differences.
在团队合作中,我们应该求大同,存小异,这样才能高效地完成任务。
Formalبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both refer to a type of thought or judgment.
'意见' is a general term for an opinion, view, or suggestion, which can be objective or subjective, positive or negative. '偏见' specifically refers to an unfair, preconceived, and often negative judgment or attitude towards a person or group, formed without sufficient knowledge or reason.
他<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>对</mark>这个计划<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>有</mark>很多<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>意见</mark>。(He has many opinions about this plan. - Neutral) <br>他对新来的同事<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>有</mark>一种<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>偏见</mark>,认为他懒惰。(He has a prejudice against the new colleague, thinking he is lazy. - Negative and unfair)
Both relate to how someone perceives or thinks about something.
'看法' is a neutral term for a view, opinion, or perspective. It can be informed and objective or subjective. '偏见' is specifically a biased, unfair, and often negative judgment that lacks a rational basis. A '看法' can be neutral or positive, while '偏见' is inherently negative and unfair.
我的<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>看法</mark>是,我们需要更多时间来考虑。(My view is that we need more time to consider. - Neutral) <br>她<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>对</mark>这个群体<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>抱有</mark>很深的<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>偏见</mark>。(She holds deep prejudice against this group. - Negative and unfair)
They are closely related concepts.
'偏见' refers to the unfair attitude, belief, or feeling towards a person or group. It is the internal disposition. '歧视' refers to the discriminatory action or behavior that results from prejudice. It is the outward manifestation of prejudice. You can have prejudice without acting on it, but discrimination is the act of treating someone unfairly based on that prejudice.
他<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>对</mark>女性<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>有</mark>很深的<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>偏见</mark>。(He has deep prejudice against women. - Attitude) <br>公司<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>因为</mark>性别<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>歧视</mark>而受到指控。(The company was accused of gender discrimination. - Action)
Both refer to preconceived negative judgments.
'偏见' is a general term for prejudice or bias. '成见' specifically refers to a deeply ingrained, preconceived notion or stereotype that is hard to change, often formed before having direct experience. It implies a more stubborn and fixed belief system.
我们不应<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>以貌取人</mark>,这是一种<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>偏见</mark>。(We shouldn't judge people by appearance; this is a prejudice.) <br>他对新技术<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>抱有</mark>很深的<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>成见</mark>,不愿意尝试。(He holds deep preconceived notions about new technology and is unwilling to try. - Implies stubbornness)
Stereotypes are often the basis for prejudice.
'刻板印象' (stereotype) is an oversimplified and fixed image or idea about a particular type of person or group. It is a generalized belief. '偏见' is the unfair attitude or judgment that often arises from these stereotypes. Stereotypes can exist without necessarily leading to active prejudice, but prejudice is almost always fueled by stereotypes.
认为所有程序员都内向是一种<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>刻板印象</mark>。(Thinking all programmers are introverted is a stereotype.) <br>基于这种<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>刻板印象</mark>,一些人对程序员<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>产生</mark>了<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>偏见</mark>。(Based on this stereotype, some people developed prejudice against programmers.)
الگوهای جملهسازی
Subject + 对 (duì) + Object + 有 (yǒu) + 偏见
他<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>对</mark>外国人<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>有</mark>一些<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>偏见</mark>。
Subject + 带有 (dàiyǒu) + 偏见
他的话<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>带有</mark>明显的<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>偏见</mark>。
Subject + 消除 (xiāochú) + 偏见
我们应该努力<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>消除</mark>社会<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>偏见</mark>。
由于 (yóuyú) + Cause + (导致/产生) + 偏见
<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>由于</mark>信息不全,很容易<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>产生</mark>对某事的<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>偏见</mark>。
Subject + 警惕 (jǐngtì) + 任何形式的 (rènhé xíngshì de) + 偏见
在评估信息时,我们必须<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>警惕</mark>任何形式的<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>偏见</mark>。
Subject + 根除 (gēnchú) + 根深蒂固的 (gēnshēndìgù de) + 偏见
要<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>根除</mark>社会中<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>根深蒂固的</mark>的<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>偏见</mark>,需要长期的努力。
Subject + 挑战 (tiǎozhàn) + 潜意识的 (qiǎnyìshí de) + 偏见
我们应该积极<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>挑战</mark>我们<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>潜意识的</mark>的<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>偏见</mark>。
Subject + 审视 (shěnshì) + 结构性 (jiégòuxìng) + 偏见
对社会<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>结构性</mark>的<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>偏见</mark>进行<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>审视</mark>是理解社会问题的关键。
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
صفتها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
Common in everyday conversations, news, academic texts, and social commentary.
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Using '偏见' for simple dislikes or preferences.
→
Using '不喜欢' (bù xǐhuān - dislike) or '讨厌' (tǎoyàn - hate/dislike).
'偏见' specifically refers to an unfair judgment based on preconceived notions, not just a personal preference. For instance, saying '我<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>偏见</mark>西瓜' (I have prejudice against watermelon) is incorrect. You would say '我不喜欢西瓜' (I don't like watermelon).
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Confusing '偏见' (attitude) with '歧视' (qíshì - discrimination, action).
→
Using '偏见' for the unfair attitude and '歧视' for the unfair action.
'偏见' is the internal bias, while '歧视' is the external act of treating someone unfairly due to that bias. For example, '他对老年人有<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>偏见</mark>' (He has prejudice against the elderly - attitude), but '他<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>因为</mark>年龄<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>歧视</mark>了那位应聘者' (He discriminated against the applicant because of age - action).
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Using '偏见' interchangeably with neutral terms like '意见' (yìjiàn - opinion) or '看法' (kànfǎ - view).
→
Using '意见' or '看法' for neutral opinions and '偏见' only for unfair judgments.
'意见' and '看法' are general terms for thoughts or opinions. '偏见' specifically denotes an unfair, biased, and often negative judgment lacking factual basis. Saying '我对这部电影的<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>偏见</mark>' when you simply didn't like it is incorrect; you should say '我对这部电影的<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>意见</mark>' or '我的<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>看法</mark>'.
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Overgeneralizing or making sweeping statements when discussing '偏见'.
→
Being specific and providing context when discussing instances of prejudice.
Instead of saying '人人都有偏见' (Everyone has prejudice) as a blanket statement, it's more accurate and constructive to say '我们都可能<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>存在</mark>某种<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>偏见</mark>' (We might all hold some form of prejudice) or discuss specific types of prejudice.
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Translating 'prejudice' literally without considering Chinese usage.
→
Understanding that '偏见' is the most common and direct translation for prejudice in most contexts.
While other words like '成见' (chéngjiàn) exist, '偏见' is the most widely used and understood term for prejudice in modern Chinese. Relying on its direct meaning ('one-sided view') helps in correct application.
نکات
Distinguish from Neutral Opinions
Remember that '偏见' is always about an unfair judgment. If you are simply stating a personal opinion or preference without unfairness, use words like '看法' (kànfǎ) or '意见' (yìjiàn) instead. For example, '我不喜欢吃辣' (I don't like spicy food) is a preference, not '偏见'.
Social and Ethical Discussions
You will frequently encounter '偏见' in discussions about social justice, ethics, human rights, and cultural differences. Understanding this word is key to comprehending debates on fairness and equality in society.
Focus on Fairness
When you hear or read '偏见', ask yourself: Is this judgment fair? Is it based on facts or stereotypes? Is it treating a person or group unjustly? This critical questioning helps solidify the meaning of the word.
Connect with Related Terms
Link '偏见' with related concepts like '歧视' (discrimination - the action), '刻板印象' (stereotype - the oversimplified belief), and '公正' (justice - the opposite). Understanding these connections will deepen your comprehension.
Self-Awareness
Consider your own potential '偏见'. Recognizing that everyone can have biases is the first step towards overcoming them and fostering more objective and fair interactions with others.
Practice Pronunciation
Pay attention to the stress on the first syllable ('piān') and ensure clear articulation of both syllables. Practicing with native speakers or pronunciation tools can help refine your pronunciation.
Learn Common Phrases
Memorize common collocations like '消除偏见' (eliminate prejudice) and '带有偏见' (to be biased). Using these phrases will make your sentences sound more natural and accurate.
Etymological Clue
Remember that '偏' (piān) means 'one-sided' or 'partial', and '见' (jiàn) means 'view'. So, '偏见' literally means a 'one-sided view', which perfectly captures the essence of bias.
Understand Opposites
Knowing the antonyms like '公正' (fairness), '客观' (objectivity), and '包容' (inclusivity) helps to define '偏见' by contrast. It highlights what '偏见' is not.
Write Your Own Examples
Create your own sentences using '偏见' in different contexts. This active recall and application is one of the most effective ways to solidify your understanding and usage of the word.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Imagine someone looking at a situation through a crooked spyglass ('偏' means crooked/one-sided). This crooked view distorts what they see, forming a '见' (view) that is unfair. So, a crooked view equals prejudice.
تداعی تصویری
Picture a scale that is heavily tilted to one side, representing an unfair judgment. On the unbalanced side, write '偏见'. The tilted scale visually represents the lack of balance and fairness inherent in prejudice.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Try to find examples of '偏见' in news articles or stories you read. Write down the sentence where '偏见' is used and explain why that judgment is unfair or biased in that context.
ریشه کلمه
The word '偏见' (piānjiàn) is composed of two characters: '偏' (piān) and '见' (jiàn). '偏' means 'one-sided', 'partial', 'inclined', or 'biased'. '见' means 'to see', 'to view', or 'opinion'. Together, they literally translate to 'one-sided view' or 'partial opinion'. This etymology directly reflects the meaning of bias as an unbalanced or prejudiced perspective.
معنای اصلی: A view or opinion that is not balanced or fair; a one-sided perspective.
Sino-Tibetan languages, specifically Chinese.بافت فرهنگی
Discussing '偏见' requires sensitivity. It's important to acknowledge that prejudice can cause real harm and emotional distress. When discussing it, focus on the impact of biased attitudes and behaviors rather than making generalizations about groups of people.
In English-speaking cultures, 'prejudice' is also a highly negative term, associated with discrimination, intolerance, and social injustice. Efforts to combat prejudice are central to civil rights movements and diversity initiatives.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Social justice and equality discussions
- 消除社会偏见
- 反对种族偏见
- 实现性别平等
- 打击歧视
Media analysis and criticism
- 媒体报道中的偏见
- 带有偏见的评论
- 避免片面报道
- 客观分析
Personal relationships and interactions
- 不要以貌取人
- 克服个人偏见
- 真诚沟通
- 互相理解
Psychology and sociology studies
- 认知偏见
- 潜意识偏见
- 群体偏见
- 刻板印象的形成
Workplace diversity and inclusion
- 招聘中的公平性
- 消除职场偏见
- 多元化团队
- 无歧视环境
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"你认为在生活中,我们最常遇到的偏见是什么?"
"我们如何才能有效地消除自己和他人的偏见?"
"你是否经历过因为别人的偏见而受到的不公平对待?"
"媒体在塑造公众的偏见方面扮演着怎样的角色?"
"你认为在学习新事物时,最需要警惕哪种形式的偏见?"
موضوعات نگارش
反思你是否曾经对某个人或某个群体有过不公平的看法,并尝试理解这些看法的来源。
写下你认为社会上最普遍存在的几种偏见,并思考它们对人们生活造成的影响。
设想一个没有偏见的世界,描述你会看到哪些积极的变化。
记录一次你成功克服了自己某种偏见或刻板印象的经历。
思考你认为在教育中,如何才能更好地培养下一代不带偏见的价值观。
سوالات متداول
10 سوال'偏见' (piānjiàn) refers to an unfair attitude, belief, or feeling towards a person or group. It's an internal disposition. '歧视' (qíshì), on the other hand, refers to the discriminatory action or behavior that results from prejudice. It's the outward manifestation. For example, believing that women are less capable than men is '偏见', while refusing to hire a woman because of this belief is '歧视'.
Generally, '偏见' is used to describe negative and unfair judgments. While one might have a '偏爱' (piān'ài) or preference for something, the term '偏见' itself carries a strong negative connotation of unfairness and bias. It's about a lack of objectivity and fairness.
Remember that '偏见' implies an unfair judgment not based on facts. If you're simply expressing a personal opinion or a preference, use words like '意见' (yìjiàn) or '看法' (kànfǎ). If you're describing an action of unfair treatment, use '歧视' (qíshì). '偏见' is for the unfair attitude itself.
Yes, '偏见' is a fairly common word, especially in discussions about social issues, fairness, and personal interactions. You'll hear it in news reports, educational contexts, and everyday conversations when people discuss stereotypes or unfair treatment.
Common types include '种族偏见' (zhǒngzú piānjiàn - racial prejudice), '性别偏见' (xìngbié piānjiàn - gender prejudice), '地域偏见' (dìyù piānjiàn - regional prejudice, e.g., against people from certain provinces), and '年龄偏见' (niánlíng piānjiàn - age prejudice). These are often discussed in the context of social equality.
'刻板印象' (stereotype) is a simplified and generalized belief about a group. '偏见' is often the unfair attitude or judgment that arises from these stereotypes. For example, a stereotype might be 'all elderly people are technologically illiterate,' and the prejudice would be treating an elderly person unfairly based on this assumption.
To '消除偏见' (xiāochú piānjiàn) means to eliminate prejudice. It implies actively working to remove unfair attitudes and judgments from oneself and society, promoting fairness, understanding, and equality.
While '偏见' primarily refers to attitudes towards people or groups, it can metaphorically be used for abstract concepts or situations if there's a clear sense of unfairness or bias in how they are perceived or treated. However, this usage is less common and would typically be in a figurative sense.
The opposite of '偏见' would be concepts like '公正' (gōngzhèng - justice, fairness), '客观' (kèguān - objectivity), '包容' (bāoróng - inclusivity, tolerance), and '理解' (lǐjiě - understanding). These terms describe fair, unbiased, and accepting attitudes.
Try to create sentences about social issues, personal experiences, or hypothetical situations where unfair judgments are made. Also, practice differentiating it from similar words like '意见' and '歧视' by writing sentences that highlight their specific meanings.
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Summary
偏见 (piānjiàn) describes an unfair, preconceived judgment or attitude towards a person or group, lacking factual basis and often leading to negative outcomes. It's crucial to be aware of and actively combat prejudice for a more just society.
- An unfair, preconceived judgment against a person or group.
- Often negative and not based on facts or knowledge.
- Leads to biased perspectives and can result in discrimination.
- Essential to recognize and challenge for fairness and equality.
Distinguish from Neutral Opinions
Remember that '偏见' is always about an unfair judgment. If you are simply stating a personal opinion or preference without unfairness, use words like '看法' (kànfǎ) or '意见' (yìjiàn) instead. For example, '我不喜欢吃辣' (I don't like spicy food) is a preference, not '偏见'.
Social and Ethical Discussions
You will frequently encounter '偏见' in discussions about social justice, ethics, human rights, and cultural differences. Understanding this word is key to comprehending debates on fairness and equality in society.
Focus on Fairness
When you hear or read '偏见', ask yourself: Is this judgment fair? Is it based on facts or stereotypes? Is it treating a person or group unjustly? This critical questioning helps solidify the meaning of the word.
Connect with Related Terms
Link '偏见' with related concepts like '歧视' (discrimination - the action), '刻板印象' (stereotype - the oversimplified belief), and '公正' (justice - the opposite). Understanding these connections will deepen your comprehension.
مثال
我们应该努力消除对不同文化背景的人的偏见。
محتوای مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر psychology
适应
B1او خیلی زود با محیط جدید سازگار شد.
焦虑
B2اضطراب حالتی از نگرانی یا ناآرامی در مورد یک اتفاق آینده است.
态度
B1نگرش، رفتار یا موضع. به عنوان مثال: نگرش او نسبت به کار بسیار جدی است. (他对工作的态度很认真.) دولت موضعی قاطع اتخاذ کرد. (政府采取了强硬的态度.)
自主
B1عمل کردن بر اساس ابتکار عمل خود؛ مستقل یا خودگردان بودن.
意识
B1آگاهی یا هوشیاری. متوجه شدن یا درک کردن چیزی.
行为
B1رفتار او در جلسه بسیار غیرحرفهای بود و باعث ناراحتی همه شد.
偏向
B1偏向 (piān xiàng) به معنای گرایش یا سوگیری است. همچنین می تواند به معنای 'جانبداری کردن' باشد. به عنوان مثال: نظر او یک 偏向 دارد. (نظر او سوگیری دارد.) او پسرش را 偏向 می کند. (او از پسرش جانبداری می کند.)
认知
B1عمل یا فرآیند ذهنی کسب دانش و درک از طریق تفکر، تجربه و حواس.
抵触
B1این پیشنهاد با برنامههای ما در تضاد است.
分辨
B1تشخیص دادن یا نشان دادن تفاوت بین دو یا چند چیز.