این صفحه به زبان شما

English

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

日本語

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

B2 adjective/verb #4,000 پرکاربردترین 11 دقیقه مطالعه

拥挤

yongji رتبه 4,000

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 拥挤 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 拥挤 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '拥挤' (yōngjǐ) is a very useful word for describing simple environments. Think of it as the opposite of 'empty' (空). You will mostly use it in simple sentence patterns like 'Subject + 很 + 拥挤.' For example, '车上很拥挤' (The bus is crowded). At this stage, you don't need to worry about complex grammar. Just focus on the physical sensation of there being 'too many people' (人太多). It's a key word for surviving public transport in China. You might hear a teacher say '这里太拥挤了，请大家排队' (It's too crowded here, please line up). Remember that the 'hěn' (很) is usually required before 'yōngjǐ' to make the sentence sound complete in Chinese, even if you just mean 'is crowded' rather than 'is very crowded.'

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the A2 level, you can start using '拥挤' (yōngjǐ) to modify nouns using the '的' (de) particle. For example, '拥挤的商店' (a crowded store) or '拥挤的街道' (a crowded street). You will also learn to use it with basic time expressions, such as '周末的时候，公园很拥挤' (On weekends, the park is crowded). You should also begin to recognize the difference between '拥挤' and the single character '挤' (jǐ). While '拥挤' describes the state, '挤' is often used as a verb to mean 'to push' or 'to squeeze.' For instance, '我不喜欢挤公交' (I don't like squeezing onto the bus). This level is about expanding the contexts where you use the word, moving from just buses to restaurants, shops, and classrooms.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the B1 level, you should be able to use '拥挤' (yōngjǐ) to describe experiences and provide reasons. For example, '因为今天是节假日，所以火车站非常拥挤' (Because today is a holiday, the train station is extremely crowded). You will also encounter '拥挤' in more varied grammatical structures, such as using it with '显得' (xiǎnde - to appear). Example: '这条路显得很拥挤' (This road appears very crowded). You can also start using '拥挤' to discuss social issues in a simple way, such as the problem of big cities being too crowded. You'll notice it in travel blogs and news snippets. At this stage, you should also be comfortable with the degree of '拥挤' by using more varied adverbs like '比较' (bǐjiào - relatively) or '特别' (tèbié - especially).

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the B2 level, '拥挤' (yōngjǐ) becomes a tool for more detailed description and analysis. You should understand its nuances compared to synonyms like '密集' (mìjí - dense) or '拥堵' (yōngdǔ - congested). You will use '拥挤' to describe complex situations, such as '拥挤的住房条件' (crowded living conditions) or '交通拥挤带来的压力' (the pressure brought by traffic congestion). You can also use it in resultative constructions like '挤得拥挤不堪' (so crowded it's unbearable). At B2, you are expected to handle more abstract or formal contexts, such as describing a 'crowded market' in an economic sense (though this is less common than '竞争激烈'). You should also be able to use '拥挤' in written essays to discuss urbanization and its effects on quality of life.

At the C1 level, you will encounter '拥挤' (yōngjǐ) in sophisticated literary texts and formal academic discourse. It may be used metaphorically to describe a person's inner state, such as '拥挤的记忆' (crowded memories) or '拥挤的灵魂' (a crowded soul), suggesting a sense of being overwhelmed by thoughts or experiences. You should be able to analyze the etymology of the characters—'拥' (to embrace) and '挤' (to squeeze)—to appreciate the word's descriptive power. In formal writing, you might use it to discuss '拥挤效应' (the crowding effect) in economics or urban planning. You should also be familiar with high-level idioms that serve as alternatives, like '摩肩接踵' (rubbing shoulders and following heels) or '熙熙攘攘' (bustling), and know exactly which one fits the register of your writing.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

At the C2 level, your mastery of '拥挤' (yōngjǐ) involves a deep understanding of its stylistic placement and its role in the broader Chinese lexicon. you can use it to create specific atmospheres in creative writing, perhaps contrasting the '拥挤' of the city with the '空旷' (vast/empty) of the countryside to highlight themes of isolation or urbanization. You should be able to discuss the historical evolution of the word and its usage in classical versus modern Mandarin. At this level, you don't just use the word; you understand its socio-linguistic weight in a culture that has historically managed high population densities. You can effortlessly switch between the colloquial '挤,' the descriptive '拥挤,' and the formal '密集' or '拥堵' depending on the audience and the medium, ensuring perfect precision in your expression.

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

拥挤 در ۳۰ ثانیه

拥挤 (yōngjǐ) primarily means 'crowded' or 'packed' in a physical sense.
It is used for people, traffic, and physical objects in a confined space.
The word carries a slightly negative nuance of discomfort or lack of room.
It is a common sight in Chinese urban descriptions and news reports.

The word 拥挤 (yōngjǐ) is a fundamental Chinese term that primarily functions as an adjective meaning 'crowded,' 'congested,' or 'packed.' In a country with the population density of China, this word is used daily to describe everything from the morning commute to the state of a popular restaurant. It is composed of two characters: 拥 (yōng), which means to embrace, surround, or support, and 挤 (jǐ), which means to squeeze, push, or press. Together, they create a vivid sensory image of being surrounded and squeezed from all sides, capturing the physical reality of a space that has exceeded its comfortable capacity.

Physical Density: The most common application of 拥挤 is to describe a physical environment where there are too many people or things. This could be a subway car during rush hour, a narrow alleyway in an old city, or even a bookshelf that is overstuffed with volumes.
Traffic and Transport: In the context of modern infrastructure, 拥挤 is the standard word for traffic congestion. Phrases like '拥挤的交通' (congested traffic) are staples of daily news and weather reports.
Abstract Crowding: While primarily physical, 拥挤 can occasionally be used to describe an overcrowded schedule or a mind full of competing thoughts, though this is more frequent in literary or poetic contexts.

北京的地铁在早高峰时期非常拥挤。(Beijing's subway is extremely crowded during the morning rush hour.)

Culturally, the concept of 拥挤 carries different weights in China than in Western countries. While Westerners might find 'crowdedness' overwhelmingly negative, in Chinese culture, a certain level of 'crowdedness' can be seen as 'rènao' (热闹) or bustling and lively. However, 拥挤 specifically leans toward the negative aspect of being physically cramped. It implies a lack of space that makes movement difficult. When you use this word, you are highlighting the discomfort or the logistical challenge posed by the volume of people or objects. For instance, describing a market as 拥挤 suggests it might be hard to walk through, whereas calling it 热闹 suggests it is fun and lively.

由于游客太多，这条小路显得十分拥挤。(Due to too many tourists, this small path appears very crowded.)

In terms of grammar, 拥挤 is highly versatile. It often follows degree adverbs like '很' (hěn), '非常' (fēicháng), or '太' (tài). It can also function as an attributive adjective to modify a noun, as in '拥挤的人群' (a crowded crowd) or '拥挤的房间' (a crowded room). Less commonly, it can act as a verb meaning to crowd together, though in modern Mandarin, the adjective usage is much more prevalent. If you want to say 'everyone is crowding toward the door,' you might use the verb form, but usually, you'd use '挤' alone for the action of pushing.

在这个拥挤的城市里，找到一片安静的地方并不容易。(In this crowded city, finding a quiet place is not easy.)

商店里拥挤着许多抢购打折商品的顾客。(The store was crowded with many customers rushing to buy discounted goods.)

Using 拥挤 (yōngjǐ) correctly requires understanding its role as a stative verb/adjective. In Chinese, words like 拥挤 don't necessarily need the verb 'to be' (是) when modified by an adverb. For example, 'The room is crowded' is simply '房间很拥挤' (Fángjiān hěn yōngjǐ). Adding '是' (shì) would be grammatically incorrect unless you are using a structure like '是...的'.

Structure: Adverb + 拥挤: This is the most common way to describe a state. Common adverbs include 很 (hěn - very), 非常 (fēicháng - extremely), 十分 (shífēn - fully/very), and 异常 (yìcháng - unusually).
Structure: 拥挤 + 的 + Noun: Use this to modify a noun directly. Examples: 拥挤的街道 (crowded street), 拥挤的宿舍 (crowded dormitory), 拥挤的交通 (congested traffic).

由于下雨，公交车上比平时更加拥挤。(Because of the rain, the bus is even more crowded than usual.)

When 拥挤 functions as a verb, it often implies a movement toward a state of crowding or a continuous state of being packed. You might see it in literary descriptions: '人群向出口拥挤' (The crowd squeezed toward the exit). However, in spoken Mandarin, '挤' (jǐ) is much more common for the action of pushing. 拥挤 remains the preferred choice for describing the overall atmosphere or condition of a location.

我们应该尽量避开拥挤的路段。(We should try our best to avoid crowded road sections.)

Another important usage involves the resultative or descriptive complement. You can say '挤得拥挤不堪' (crowded to an unbearable degree), where '不堪' (bùkān) adds an intense negative emotion. This is common when complaining about travel conditions during the Spring Festival. At a B2 level, you should be comfortable using 拥挤 to describe social phenomena, such as '城市人口拥挤' (urban population crowding) or '住房拥挤问题' (the problem of crowded housing).

虽然房间很小，但布置得很温馨，一点也不觉得拥挤。(Although the room is small, it is arranged very cozily and doesn't feel crowded at all.)

In formal reports, 拥挤 is often paired with nouns like '资源' (resources) or '空间' (space) to discuss urban planning. For example: '教育资源的拥挤' (the crowding/overburdening of educational resources). This shows the word's transition from a physical description to a more systemic one. When practicing, try to use it to describe your surroundings or your experiences traveling in China. It is a word that will instantly make your Chinese sound more descriptive and natural.

这条街道因为狭窄而显得格外拥挤。(This street appears exceptionally crowded because it is narrow.)

The word 拥挤 (yōngjǐ) is inescapable in Chinese daily life, particularly in urban environments. If you are living in or visiting a major Chinese city like Shanghai, Beijing, or Guangzhou, you will hear this word constantly. It is the go-to term for describing the reality of modern Chinese urban life. One of the most common places you will hear it is on the radio or through navigation apps like Baidu Maps or Amap (Gaode). The automated voice will often warn you: '前方路段拥挤' (The road section ahead is crowded/congested).

Public Transportation: In subways and buses, announcements might advise passengers to be careful because the station is '拥挤.' People standing on the platform will mutter to each other, '今天怎么这么拥挤？' (Why is it so crowded today?)
Holiday Travel (Chunyun): During the Spring Festival travel rush, 拥挤 is the word of the season. News reports will show footage of train stations and use 拥挤 to describe the sea of people heading home.

广播：由于发生事故，五号线目前非常拥挤，请乘客谅解。(Broadcast: Due to an accident, Line 5 is currently very crowded; passengers' understanding is requested.)

You will also encounter 拥挤 in social media posts. When someone visits a famous tourist spot like the Great Wall or the Bund during a national holiday, they will inevitably post a photo of the crowds with the caption '太拥挤了，全是人!' (So crowded, nothing but people!). In this context, it expresses a mix of frustration and the shared experience of '湊热闹' (còu rènao - joining in the fun). In literature and film, 拥挤 is used to set the scene for a busy, perhaps overwhelming urban environment, highlighting the lack of personal space and the fast pace of life.

他在拥挤的人潮中失去了同伴的踪影。(He lost sight of his companion in the crowded tide of people.)

Finally, in more formal settings, such as urban planning meetings or academic lectures on sociology, 拥挤 is used to discuss '拥挤成本' (congestion costs) or '拥挤效应' (crowding effect). This refers to the point where an increase in users leads to a decrease in the quality of service. Whether you are navigating a literal crowd or studying the theoretical implications of population density, 拥挤 is the keyword that links the physical experience to the analytical concept.

周末的购物中心总是特别拥挤。(Shopping malls on weekends are always particularly crowded.)

While 拥挤 (yōngjǐ) seems straightforward, English speakers often make several nuanced errors when integrating it into their Chinese. The most frequent mistake is using 拥挤 as a direct translation for 'busy.' In English, we might say 'The restaurant is busy tonight.' If you translate this as '餐厅今晚很拥挤,' you are specifically saying the restaurant is physically packed with people. If you mean the staff are busy or there are many orders, 拥挤 is the wrong word; you should use '忙' (máng) or '生意很好' (shēngyì hěn hǎo - business is good).

Confusion with 挤 (jǐ): Learners often use the two-character 拥挤 when the single-character 挤 is more natural. 挤 is more versatile and can be a verb meaning 'to squeeze' or 'to push.' For example, '挤公交' (to squeeze onto the bus) is common, while '拥挤公交' is incorrect as a verb phrase.
Incorrect 'Be' Verb Usage: Saying '这里是拥挤' (Zhèlǐ shì yōngjǐ) is a classic mistake. In Chinese, adjectival verbs like 拥挤 do not need '是.' The correct form is '这里很拥挤' (Zhèlǐ hěn yōngjǐ).

❌ 我觉得我的日程表很拥挤。
✅ 我觉得我的日程表排得很满。(I feel my schedule is packed/full.)

Another mistake involves the scope of the word. 拥挤 is almost exclusively for physical space and people. You cannot use it to describe a 'crowded' website (use '访问量大' - high traffic) or a 'crowded' market in terms of competition (use '竞争激烈' - fierce competition). English speakers tend to over-extend the metaphorical use of 'crowded' into Chinese where 拥挤 doesn't fit.

❌ 这里的网络很拥挤。
✅ 这里的网络连接很慢/拥堵。(The network here is very slow/congested.)

Finally, pay attention to the intensity. If you use 拥挤 for a place that only has a few people, it sounds like an exaggeration. Chinese speakers are quite accustomed to high densities, so what an English speaker might call 'crowded,' a Chinese person might call '热闹' (lively). Only use 拥挤 when the density actually causes a level of physical restriction or discomfort.

❌ 这条街上只有十个人，太拥挤了。
✅ 这条街上人不多。(There aren't many people on this street.)

To truly master Chinese, you need to know the alternatives to 拥挤 (yōngjǐ) and when to use them. While 拥挤 is a general-purpose word, others offer more specific nuances or higher registers of formality.

人山人海 (rén shān rén hǎi): Literally 'mountains and seas of people.' This is a common idiom (chengyu) used to describe a massive crowd. Use this for festivals, concerts, or major tourist attractions. It is much more descriptive and emphasizes the scale of the crowd compared to 拥挤.
熙熙攘攘 (xī xī rǎng rǎng): This idiom describes a place that is bustling with people coming and going. Unlike 拥挤, which can feel stagnant and uncomfortable, 熙熙攘攘 suggests movement, energy, and business. It is often used for markets or busy commercial streets.
密集 (mìjí): Meaning 'dense' or 'concentrated.' This is a more technical or formal word. It is used in contexts like '人口密集' (densely populated) or '密集训练' (intensive training). It describes the objective density rather than the subjective feeling of being crowded.

国庆节期间，长城上人山人海。(During the National Day holiday, the Great Wall was a sea of people.)

When comparing 拥挤 with 水泄不通 (shuǐ xiè bù tōng), the latter is an extreme version. It literally means 'not even a drop of water could leak through.' It describes a crowd so thick that movement is impossible. If 拥挤 is 'crowded,' 水泄不通 is 'jam-packed' or 'completely gridlocked.' You might use this to describe the scene after a celebrity arrives at an airport.

体育场被围得水泄不通。(The stadium was surrounded so tightly that not a drop of water could get through.)

Another word to consider is 狭窄 (xiázhǎi). While 拥挤 refers to the number of people/things in a space, 狭窄 refers to the physical narrowness of the space itself. A narrow (狭窄) street is more likely to become crowded (拥挤). Finally, 拥堵 (yōngdǔ) is the specific term for traffic or blockages. While you could say the traffic is 拥挤, 拥堵 is more precise and professional for describing road conditions or data bottlenecks.

这片住宅区人口非常密集。(This residential area is very densely populated.)

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The character 挤 (jǐ) is often used on its own in modern slang to mean 'to make fun of' or 'to push someone out' (挤兑 - jǐdui).

راهنمای تلفظ

UK jʊŋ tɕi

US jʊŋ tɕi

In Mandarin, 'yōng' is slightly longer and more emphasized as it sets the pitch.

هم‌قافیه با

yōng rhymes with 'long' (Mandarin 'lóng'), 'song' (Mandarin 'sòng'). jǐ rhymes with 'mǐ' (rice), 'lǐ' (inside).

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing 'yōng' as 'yòng' (4th tone).
Failing to dip the 'jǐ' low enough, making it sound like 'jí' (2nd tone).
Confusing the 'j' sound with a hard English 'j' instead of the palatal 'tɕ'.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 3/5

The characters are somewhat complex but very common in daily life and news.

نوشتن 4/5

Writing '拥' and '挤' requires attention to the hand radical and the number of strokes.

صحبت کردن 2/5

The tones (1st and 3rd) are distinct and easy to pronounce with practice.

گوش دادن 2/5

Easily recognizable in the context of transport or travel.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

人 (Person) 多 (Many) 车 (Car) 很 (Very) 地方 (Place)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

狭窄 (Narrow) 宽敞 (Spacious) 交通 (Traffic) 安排 (Arrange) 缓解 (Alleviate)

پیشرفته

摩肩接踵 (Rubbing shoulders) 熙熙攘攘 (Bustling) 水泄不通 (Jam-packed) 城市化 (Urbanization)

گرامر لازم

Adjective as Predicate

这里很拥挤。(No 'shì' required.)

Attributive 'de'

拥挤的街道 (Using 'de' to link adjective and noun.)

Complement of Degree

挤得拥挤不堪 (Using 'de' to describe the extent.)

Adverbial Modification

异常拥挤 (Using adverbs to intensify adjectives.)

Subject-Predicate as Attribute

交通拥挤的问题 (The problem of traffic being crowded.)

برای خواندن توضیح کامل رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

公共汽车很拥挤。

The bus is very crowded.

Subject + 很 + Adjective.

这里太拥挤了。

It's too crowded here.

太...了 indicates an excessive degree.

商店里人很多，很拥挤。

There are many people in the store; it's very crowded.

Using '人很多' to explain why it is '拥挤'.

我不喜欢拥挤的地方。

I don't like crowded places.

拥挤 + 的 + Noun.

火车站非常拥挤。

The train station is extremely crowded.

非常 is a stronger adverb than 很.

小路很拥挤。

The small path is crowded.

Simple adjective usage.

今天地铁拥挤吗？

Is the subway crowded today?

Question form using 吗.

学校餐厅很拥挤。

The school cafeteria is very crowded.

Describing a specific location.

周末的超市总是很拥挤。

Supermarkets are always crowded on weekends.

Time phrase + Subject + 总是 + Adjective.

这是一条拥挤的街道。

This is a crowded street.

是...的 structure for definition.

因为人太多，所以房间很拥挤。

Because there are too many people, the room is crowded.

因为...所以... (Because... therefore...).

我不想去拥挤的景区。

I don't want to go to crowded scenic spots.

Negative desire + 拥挤的 + Noun.

电梯里太拥挤了，我们等下一部吧。

The elevator is too crowded; let's wait for the next one.

Using context to make a suggestion.

北京的交通非常拥挤。

Beijing's traffic is very congested.

Describing traffic conditions.

他住在一家拥挤的宿舍里。

He lives in a crowded dormitory.

Living in a state of crowding.

这个小城现在变得很拥挤。

This small town has become very crowded now.

变得 (become) + Adjective.

随着城市的发展，交通变得越来越拥挤。

With the development of the city, traffic has become more and more crowded.

越来越 (more and more) + Adjective.

我们要避开拥挤的时段去购物。

We need to avoid crowded times to go shopping.

避开 (avoid) + Noun phrase.

在这个拥挤的城市，安静是一种奢侈。

In this crowded city, silence is a luxury.

Using 拥挤 to set a thematic contrast.

虽然地方很小，但并不显得拥挤。

Although the place is small, it doesn't appear crowded.

并不显得 (doesn't appear/look).

排队的人群让出口变得非常拥挤。

The queuing crowd made the exit very crowded.

让 (make/cause) + Object + Adjective.

这家餐厅因为太拥挤，我们换了一家。

Because this restaurant was too crowded, we changed to another one.

Result of the state of crowding.

如果你不喜欢拥挤，最好不要在黄金周旅行。

If you don't like crowds, you'd better not travel during Golden Week.

Conditional 'if' sentence.

图书馆在考试周期间总是异常拥挤。

The library is always unusually crowded during exam week.

异常 (unusually/exceptionally) + Adjective.

过度拥挤的居住环境会影响人们的心理健康。

Overcrowded living environments can affect people's mental health.

过度 (excessive) + 拥挤 as a compound adjective.

政府正在采取措施缓解交通拥挤问题。

The government is taking measures to alleviate traffic congestion issues.

缓解 (alleviate) + Noun phrase.

狭窄的过道里拥挤着前来咨询的家长。

The narrow corridor was crowded with parents who came to consult.

拥挤 used as a verb with a following object.

在拥挤的人潮中，他感到一种莫名的孤独。

In the crowded tide of people, he felt an indescribable loneliness.

Prepositional phrase + Subject + Verb.

这种布局使得原本宽敞的客厅显得有些拥挤。

This layout makes the originally spacious living room look a bit crowded.

使得 (cause/make) + Object + Complement.

由于缺乏规划，这个老旧社区显得非常拥挤凌乱。

Due to a lack of planning, this old community appears very crowded and messy.

Pairing 拥挤 with 凌乱 (messy).

为了避开拥挤，他选择了凌晨出发。

In order to avoid the crowds, he chose to set out in the early hours of the morning.

为了 (In order to) + Purpose.

网络空间的拥挤也可能导致服务器崩溃。

Crowding in cyberspace can also lead to server crashes.

Metaphorical use in a technical context.

城市化进程导致了中心城区人口的高度拥挤。

The process of urbanization has led to a high degree of population crowding in the central urban areas.

高度 (highly/high degree) + 拥挤 as a noun-like state.

作者通过描写拥挤的街道，展现了都市生活的压抑感。

By describing the crowded streets, the author showed the sense of oppression in urban life.

通过 (by means of) + Action.

这种拥挤不堪的现状亟待得到改善。

This unbearable state of crowding urgently needs to be improved.

拥挤不堪 (unbearably crowded) + 现状 (current situation).

在信息的海洋中，我们的头脑变得异常拥挤。

In the ocean of information, our minds have become unusually crowded.

Metaphorical use for mental state.

尽管资源拥挤，该地区依然保持着强劲的增长势头。

Despite the crowding of resources, the region still maintains a strong growth momentum.

尽管 (despite/although) + Clause.

这种建筑设计巧妙地化解了空间的拥挤感。

This architectural design cleverly resolves the sense of crowding in the space.

化解 (resolve/dissolve) + 拥挤感 (sense of crowding).

他试图在拥挤的日程中挤出时间来陪伴家人。

He tried to squeeze out time from his crowded schedule to accompany his family.

拥挤的日程 (crowded/packed schedule).

老城区的拆迁是为了解决长期以来的拥挤问题。

The demolition of the old city area was to solve the long-standing problem of crowding.

长期以来 (long-standing) + 拥挤问题.

在这部小说中，‘拥挤’不仅是空间的匮乏，更是灵魂的窒息。

In this novel, 'crowding' is not only a lack of space but also the suffocation of the soul.

Literary analysis of the word's symbolism.

这种高度拥挤的社会生态催生了独特的亚文化。

This highly crowded social ecology has given birth to unique subcultures.

高度拥挤 (highly crowded) + 社会生态 (social ecology).

对于习惯了广袤草原的人来说，城市的拥挤是一种折磨。

For those accustomed to the vast grasslands, the crowding of the city is a form of torture.

Contrast between 广袤 (vast) and 拥挤.

我们需要重新审视城市规划，以应对日益严重的拥挤效应。

We need to re-examine urban planning to deal with the increasingly serious crowding effect.

应对 (deal with) + 拥挤效应 (crowding effect).

这种拥挤感源于对个人边界被侵犯的恐惧。

This sense of crowding stems from the fear of one's personal boundaries being violated.

源于 (stems from) + Phrase.

历史的遗迹在现代高楼的拥挤下显得愈发渺小。

Historical relics appear increasingly insignificant under the crowding of modern high-rises.

愈发 (increasingly) + Adjective.

在这一学术领域，理论的拥挤导致了创新空间的缩减。

In this academic field, the crowding of theories has led to a reduction in the space for innovation.

Abstract usage in academic critique.

这种拥挤并非偶然，而是资本过度扩张的必然结果。

This crowding is not accidental, but an inevitable result of the excessive expansion of capital.

并非...而是... (Not... but rather...).

مترادف‌ها

密集狭窄堵塞

متضادها

空旷稀疏宽敞

ترکیب‌های رایج

非常拥挤

交通拥挤

拥挤的人群

显得拥挤

感到拥挤

避开拥挤

拥挤不堪

人口拥挤

过度拥挤

住房拥挤

عبارات رایج

拥挤的地铁

— The crowded subway. A staple of urban Chinese life.

我每天都要坐拥挤的地铁去上班。

拥挤的街道

— Crowded streets. Often used in descriptions of city life.

拥挤的街道上到处是叫卖声。

拥挤的日程

— A packed/crowded schedule. Used more in business or academic contexts.

他有一个非常拥挤的日程安排。

拥挤的景区

— Crowded tourist attractions. A common complaint during holidays.

假期里，到处都是拥挤的景区。

拥挤的出口

— A crowded exit. Often heard in safety announcements.

请不要在拥挤的出口处逗留。

拥挤的宿舍

— A crowded dormitory. Common in student life.

拥挤的宿舍里充满了欢声笑语。

拥挤的交通

— Crowded/congested traffic. Used for road conditions.

由于拥挤的交通，我迟到了。

异常拥挤

— Unusually crowded. Used when the crowd is more than expected.

今天的电影院异常拥挤。

开始拥挤

— Starting to get crowded. Describes a change in state.

下午四点，超市开始拥挤起来。

不再拥挤

— No longer crowded. Describes the end of a busy period.

晚饭后，公园不再拥挤了。

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

拥挤 vs 忙 (máng)

English speakers use 'busy' for both schedules and crowds. In Chinese, use 忙 for schedules/tasks and 拥挤 for crowds.

拥挤 vs 挤 (jǐ)

挤 is more of an action (to squeeze) or a short adjective. 拥挤 is the formal descriptive state.

拥挤 vs 拥堵 (yōngdǔ)

Used specifically for traffic or blockages. You don't say a room is '拥堵'.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"人山人海"

— A sea of people; huge crowds. Used for very large gatherings.

天安门广场上人山人海。

Common/Informal

"水泄不通"

— So crowded that not a drop of water can get through. Used for extreme gridlock.

路口被堵得水泄不通。

Literary/Emphatic

"摩肩接踵"

— Shoulder to shoulder and heel to heel. Describes people following closely in a crowd.

街上行人摩肩接踵，好不热闹。

Formal/Literary

"熙熙攘攘"

— Bustling with activity. People coming and going.

集市上熙熙攘攘，生意兴隆。

Literary

"门庭若市"

— The courtyard is like a market. Describes a place (like a shop) with many visitors.

这家新开的店门口门庭若市。

Idiomatic

"座无虚席"

— Not a single empty seat. Used for theaters or restaurants.

今晚的演出座无虚席。

Neutral/Formal

"万人空巷"

— Thousands of people leave the alleys empty. Used when everyone goes to see a big event.

足球比赛时，全城万人空巷。

Formal

"纷至沓来"

— Coming in thick and fast. Used for a continuous flow of people or things.

游客纷至沓来，景区压力倍增。

Formal

"挤挤插插"

— Crowded and cramped. Often used for objects or small spaces.

屋子里挤挤插插地摆满了旧家具。

Colloquial

"前呼后拥"

— To have a large following in front and behind. Used for important people in a crowd.

那位明星在保镖的前呼后拥下走进了会场。

Neutral

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

拥挤 vs 密集 (mìjí)

Both refer to high density.

密集 is an objective measurement (e.g., population density), while 拥挤 implies a subjective feeling of lack of space.

该市人口密集，导致交通拥挤。

拥挤 vs 狭窄 (xiázhǎi)

Both relate to small spaces.

狭窄 describes the physical width of a space (e.g., a narrow road), while 拥挤 describes the state of having too many things/people in that space.

狭窄的街道很容易变得拥挤。

拥挤 vs 热闹 (rènao)

Both describe places with many people.

热闹 is positive (lively, bustling, fun), while 拥挤 is usually negative (cramped, uncomfortable).

集市很热闹，但一点也不拥挤。

拥挤 vs 充实 (chōngshí)

Both can describe a 'full' schedule.

充实 is positive (fulfilling, rich), while 拥挤 in a schedule context is negative (overloaded).

我的生活很充实，但日程并不拥挤。

拥挤 vs 堵塞 (dǔsè)

Both relate to congestion.

堵塞 implies a complete blockage (like a drain or a road), whereas 拥挤 just means there's a lot of things/people.

血管堵塞非常危险。

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

Place + 很 + 拥挤。

车上很拥挤。

这是 + 拥挤的 + Noun。

这是拥挤的街道。

因为...所以...很拥挤。

因为过节，所以商店很拥挤。

Noun + 显得 + 有点 + 拥挤。

房间显得有点拥挤。

随着...变得越来越拥挤。

随着人口增加，城市变得越来越拥挤。

拥挤 + 并非...而是...

这种拥挤并非偶然，而是规划不当的结果。

为了避开拥挤，Subject + Verb...

为了避开拥挤，我早点出门了。

Subject + 挤得 + 拥挤不堪。

火车站挤得拥挤不堪。

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

拥挤度 (yōngjǐdù) - degree of crowding

拥挤感 (yōngjǐgǎn) - sense of being crowded

فعل‌ها

拥挤 (yōngjǐ) - to crowd (less common than adjective usage)

挤 (jǐ) - to squeeze/push

拥 (yōng) - to embrace/surround

صفت‌ها

拥挤的 (yōngjǐ de) - crowded

拥挤不堪的 (yōngjǐ bùkān de) - unbearably crowded

مرتبط

拥堵 (yōngdǔ) - congested

密集 (mìjí) - dense

狭窄 (xiázhǎi) - narrow

宽敞 (kuānchang) - spacious

热闹 (rènao) - bustling

برای دیدن همه مثال‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید

نحوه استفاده

frequency

Extremely high in daily life, especially in urban areas.

اشتباهات رایج

这里是拥挤。 → 这里很拥挤。
In Chinese, adjectives/stative verbs don't need 'shì' (to be) when modified by 'hěn'.
我的工作很拥挤。 → 我的工作很忙。
English 'busy' translates to 'máng' for work, not 'yōngjǐ'.
拥挤公交车。 → 挤公交车。
When used as a verb for the action of getting on, use the single character 'jǐ'.
路很拥挤 (for a complete block). → 路堵死了。
If the road is completely blocked, 'dǔsǐle' is more accurate than 'yōngjǐ'.
一个拥挤的人。 → 一个人很多的地方。
A person cannot be 'crowded'; only a place or a group can be.

نکات

Don't use 'shì'

Remember that '很拥挤' (hěn yōngjǐ) is the complete predicate. You don't need the word 'is'.

Use with 'de'

When placing 拥挤 before a noun, always use '的' (e.g., 拥挤的街道).

Think Urban

Associate 拥挤 with big cities like Shanghai or Beijing to remember its meaning.

Try Idioms

If you want to sound more advanced, replace '很拥挤' with '人山人海' for very large crowds.

Subway Cues

Listen for this word in subway announcements to know when to be extra careful with your belongings.

Express Frustration

You can add '太...了' (Tài...le) to express that the crowding is annoying.

The Hand Radical

Both characters have the hand radical (扌), reminding you that crowding involves physical contact.

Stroke Order

Practice the right side of '挤' (齐) carefully; it means 'together' or 'even'.

Cultural Tolerance

Understand that '拥挤' might be used more sparingly by Chinese locals who have a higher tolerance for crowds.

Traffic vs People

While 拥挤 works for both, '拥堵' is the 'pro' choice for traffic.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Imagine a giant HUG (拥) that SQUEEZES (挤) you too hard because there's no room. That's 'yōngjǐ'!

تداعی تصویری

Visualize a tiny elevator with ten people inside. They are all '拥' (surrounding) each other and '挤' (squeezing) for space.

شبکه واژگان

Subway (地铁) Bus (公交) Street (街道) Traffic (交通) Crowd (人群) Holiday (假期) Push (挤) Space (空间)

چالش

Try to use '拥挤' to describe your commute tomorrow. If you see more than five people in one place, say '这里很拥挤'!

ریشه کلمه

The word is composed of 拥 (yōng) and 挤 (jǐ). 拥 in its original form (擁) depicts a hand (扌) and a phonetic component, meaning to hold or embrace. 挤 (擠) also features the hand radical (扌), meaning to push or squeeze.

معنای اصلی: To surround and squeeze together.

Sino-Tibetan (Mandarin Chinese).

بافت فرهنگی

Avoid using 拥挤 to describe a person's physical size; it is only for spaces and crowds.

English speakers often find '拥挤' more stressful than Chinese speakers might in a social context.

Chunyun (Spring Festival Travel Rush) - the ultimate example of 拥挤. The 'Pushers' in Japanese and Chinese subways during peak hours. National Day 'Golden Week' travel reports.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

On a Subway

现在地铁很拥挤。
请往里面走，别在门口拥挤。
这站上车的人真多，太拥挤了。
避开拥挤的早高峰。

At a Tourist Spot

景区里非常拥挤。
我们找个不那么拥挤的地方拍照吧。
假期哪里都拥挤。
拥挤的人群挡住了视线。

Describing a Room

这间办公室显得有点拥挤。
家具太多了，感觉很拥挤。
虽然小，但并不拥挤。
解决住房拥挤的问题。

Traffic Reports

前方路段交通拥挤。
由于事故，该路段异常拥挤。
缓解交通拥挤。
拥挤的公路。

Formal Writing

分析人口拥挤的原因。
城市拥挤带来的挑战。
改善拥挤的现状。
研究拥挤效应。

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"你觉得这个城市最拥挤的地方在哪里？"

"你通常怎么避开交通拥挤？"

"你更喜欢热闹的地方还是不拥挤的地方？"

"你住的宿舍/公寓感觉拥挤吗？"

"你经历过最拥挤的一次旅行是什么时候？"

موضوعات نگارش

描述一次你在拥挤的地铁或公交车上的经历。

你认为大城市应该如何解决人口拥挤的问题？

讨论一下‘拥挤’对你个人心情的影响。

如果一个旅游景点非常拥挤，你还会去吗？为什么？

想象一个完全不拥挤的未来城市是什么样子的。

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Generally, no. For a busy day, use '忙' (máng) or '日程排得很满' (rìchéng pái de hěn mǎn). 拥挤 is almost always for physical space.

挤 is more colloquial and can be a verb ('to squeeze'). 拥挤 is more formal and primarily an adjective ('crowded'). For example, '挤公交' is correct, but '拥挤公交' is not.

Mostly, yes. It implies discomfort. If you want to describe a positive crowd, use '热闹' (rènao).

No. You should say '手机内存满了' (phone memory is full) or '屏幕上图标太多' (too many icons on the screen).

You can say '交通拥挤', but '交通拥堵' or '堵车' (dǔchē) are more common and specific for traffic jams.

Yes, you can use '拥挤度' (degree of crowding) or '拥挤感' (sense of crowding).

It's better to use '访问量大' (high traffic volume). 拥挤 is rarely used for virtual spaces.

The most common opposites are '宽敞' (spacious) or '空旷' (vast/empty).

No. Never use it to describe a person's body. It only describes spaces and groups of people.

Yes, it is typically introduced at the HSK 4 or HSK 5 level (B2 in CEFR).

برای نکات و یادداشت‌ها رایگان ثبت‌نام کنید