历练 در ۳۰ ثانیه
- 历练 (lìliàn) means gaining experience and maturity through practical challenges and time.
- It differs from regular 'experience' (经验) by implying a process of being 'tempered' or 'tested.'
- It can be used as a noun (the experience itself) or a verb (to gain that experience).
- Commonly found in professional, personal growth, and literary contexts to describe resilience.
The Chinese word 历练 (lìliàn) is a profound term that encapsulates much more than just the English word 'experience.' While 'experience' often refers to the mere passage of time or the accumulation of facts, 历练 implies a process of being tempered, tested, and refined through practical challenges. It is a combination of 历 (lì), meaning to pass through or undergo, and 练 (liàn), meaning to practice, drill, or smelt like metal. When you speak of someone's 历练, you are acknowledging the grit, wisdom, and resilience they have gained from facing real-world difficulties. It is commonly used in professional contexts to describe a seasoned veteran's background, or in personal growth contexts to describe the 'school of hard knocks' that shapes a person's character.
- Professional Context
- In a business setting, 历练 refers to the various roles and high-pressure situations a leader has navigated. It suggests they didn't just 'hold a job,' but were actively shaped by the challenges of that job.
- Personal Development
- It describes the emotional and mental maturity gained from life's ups and downs. A young person who has traveled alone or handled a family crisis is said to have undergone 历练.
- Artistic/Skill Mastery
- For performers or craftsmen, it refers to the countless hours of practice and public performance that result in a polished, effortless skill level.
他在基层工作了十年，积累了丰富的历练。(He worked at the grassroots level for ten years, accumulating a wealth of experience/tempering.)
The beauty of this word lies in its 'fire' metaphor. Just as steel must be heated and hammered to become strong, a person must undergo 历练 to become capable and wise. It is often contrasted with 理论 (lǐlùn - theory). One might have the theory, but without the 历练, they lack the practical intuition to solve complex problems. You will hear this word in graduation speeches, career coaching, and historical dramas where a young protagonist must go out into the world to 'gain experience' before they are ready to lead.
年轻人在创业过程中需要更多的历练。(Young people need more tempering/experience during the process of starting a business.)
Furthermore, 历练 is frequently used as a verb as well, meaning 'to temper' or 'to train.' For example, '去艰苦的地方历练一下' (Go to a difficult place to temper yourself). This dual nature as both the process and the result makes it a versatile tool in the Chinese language. It is a word that commands respect; when you say someone has 'deep 历练,' you are complimenting their maturity and their survival of life's tests.
这种艰苦的环境是对意志的历练。(This harsh environment is a tempering of the will.)
没有生活中的历练，很难写出感人的作品。(Without the tempering of life, it is hard to write moving works.)
职场中的挫折其实是最好的历练。(Setbacks in the workplace are actually the best form of experience.)
Using 历练 (lìliàn) correctly requires understanding its role as both a noun (experience/tempering) and a verb (to temper/to gain experience). Unlike the general word for experience, 经验 (jīngyàn), 历练 is often paired with verbs that suggest accumulation, necessity, or the result of a process. Below are the primary ways to integrate this word into your Chinese sentences effectively.
- As a Direct Object
- Commonly follows verbs like 积累 (jīlěi - accumulate), 获得 (huòdé - obtain), or 需要 (xūyào - need). Example: '积累历练' (accumulate tempering/experience).
- As a Subject
- Used when discussing the value or effect of the experience itself. Example: '这种历练让他变得成熟' (This kind of tempering made him mature).
- As a Verb (Self-Improvement)
- Often used with '到...去' (go to... to...) or '在...中' (in the midst of...). Example: '在社会中历练' (to temper oneself in society).
他是在商场上经过多年历练的老手。(He is a veteran who has undergone years of tempering in the business world.)
When describing a person's character, 历练 is often used as an adjective-like noun with the suffix '的'. For instance, '历练的眼光' (an experienced/tempered perspective) implies a vision that can see through surface-level complexities because of past struggles. It is also common to see it in the structure '经过...的历练' (after the tempering of...). This structure highlights the causal relationship between the hardship and the resulting character strength.
经过那次失败的历练，他再也不轻敌了。(After the tempering of that failure, he never underestimates the enemy again.)
In formal writing, such as resumes or biographies, 历练 adds a layer of gravitas. Instead of saying you 'worked' somewhere, saying you '历练' there suggests you were transformed by the experience. It is also used frequently in the context of military or martial arts training, where the physical and mental 'tempering' is literal. Note that 历练 is almost always positive in its result, even if the process was painful.
每一个伟大的领袖都必须经历重重历练。(Every great leader must go through layers upon layers of tempering.)
他需要去外面的世界历练一下，增加见识。(He needs to go out into the world to temper himself and increase his knowledge.)
她的言谈举止透露出一种深厚的历练。(Her speech and manner reveal a deep sense of experience and tempering.)
You will encounter 历练 (lìliàn) in a variety of meaningful real-life scenarios in China. It's a word favored by mentors, parents, and professionals. Understanding the 'vibe' of where it appears will help you use it more naturally. It isn't a word for casual, low-stakes activities like 'experiencing' a new restaurant; rather, it's for the big, transformative moments of life.
- Workplace & Career Development
- HR managers often use it when discussing candidate potential. A candidate with '基层历练' (experience at the grassroots/entry level) is highly valued for their practical understanding of the business.
- Family & Education
- Parents might send their children to summer camps or study-abroad programs specifically for '历练.' The goal isn't just fun, but to help the child become more independent and resilient.
- Media & Literature
- In talk shows or interviews, celebrities often discuss the '历练' they faced before becoming famous, framing their early struggles as necessary steps for their current success.
虽然这次任务很辛苦，但对你来说是很好的历练。(Although this task is very hard, it is a good tempering for you.)
A very common setting for this word is the 'Wuxia' (martial arts) or 'Xianxia' (fantasy) genre. Protagonists are frequently sent down from their mountains or secret sects to '历练' in the 'Jianghu' (the world of martial arts/society). This journey is essential for them to master their skills and understand the complexities of human nature. This cultural trope influences how modern Chinese people view challenges—as necessary 'leveling up' moments.
他在海外市场摸爬滚打多年，得到了充分的历练。(He has struggled in overseas markets for years and has been fully tempered.)
You will also hear it in news reports about social service. For example, young officials might be sent to rural villages for '历练' to ensure they understand the lives of ordinary citizens. This political and social usage reinforces the idea that true wisdom and capability can only come from direct, often difficult, involvement in reality. It is a word that values the 'doing' over the 'studying.'
这段感情的失败，也是她人生中的一种历练。(The failure of this relationship was also a kind of tempering in her life.)
创业者需要具备在逆境中自我历练的能力。(Entrepreneurs need to have the ability to temper themselves in adversity.)
只有经过市场的历练，产品才能真正成熟。(Only after being tempered by the market can a product truly mature.)
While 历练 (lìliàn) is a powerful word, it is frequently misused by learners who confuse it with more general terms for 'experience.' The nuance of 'tempering' is key; if there is no challenge or growth involved, 历练 is likely the wrong choice. Here are the most common pitfalls to avoid.
- Confusing 历练 with 经验 (jīngyàn)
- 经验 is neutral and refers to any knowledge gained. You can have 'experience' using a microwave, but you wouldn't call it 历练. 历练 requires significant effort or hardship.
- Confusing 历练 with 磨练 (móliàn)
- 磨练 focuses specifically on the 'grinding' or 'suffering' part of the process. 历练 is broader, including the 'undergoing' of various situations. You '磨练' your will, but you '历练' in the world.
- Using it for Passive Experiences
- You don't '历练' watching a movie. It must involve active participation or facing a reality that tests you.
Incorrect: 我有很多玩电脑游戏的历练。
Correct: 我有很多玩电脑游戏的经验。(Playing games is a skill/experience, not a 'tempering' process unless it's professional/competitive.)
Another mistake is using 历练 for very short-term events. You wouldn't say a one-day workshop was a '历练' unless it was incredibly transformative or difficult. 历练 usually implies a duration—a period of time during which change occurs. It's also important to note that while 历练 can be a noun, it's rarely used with simple measure words like '一个' (yí gè). Instead, use '一次' (yí cì) or '一种' (yì zhǒng).
Incorrect: 这是一次很有趣的历练。
Note: While grammatically okay, '有趣' (interesting/fun) clashes with the serious tone of 历练. Use '宝贵' (valuable) or '难忘' (unforgettable) instead.
Finally, be careful with the register. 历练 is a somewhat formal and literary word. In very casual slang-heavy conversation, using 历练 might sound a bit dramatic or overly serious. However, in the context of giving advice or reflecting on life, it is perfectly appropriate. Avoid using it for trivial things like trying a new bubble tea flavor.
Incorrect: 我去超市买东西是为了历练。
Correct: 我去超市买东西。(Buying groceries is a mundane task, not a tempering experience.)
Correct: 他去贫困地区支教，是为了历练自己。(Going to a poor area to teach is a significant challenge and thus a '历练'.)
Incorrect: 他的历练很有趣。
Better: 他的经历很有趣。(His 'experiences/story' are interesting; '历练' is too heavy for 'interesting'.)
To truly master 历练 (lìliàn), you must understand its relationship with similar terms. Chinese has many words for 'experience' and 'practice,' each with a specific flavor. Choosing the right one shows a high level of fluency.
- 经验 (jīngyàn) vs. 历练 (lìliàn)
- 经验 is the most common word for 'experience.' It is neutral and can refer to technical skills (编程经验 - programming experience). 历练 is more about the 'tempering' of character and the accumulation of wisdom through various life situations.
- 磨练 (móliàn) vs. 历练 (lìliàn)
- 磨练 (to steel/discipline oneself) emphasizes the hardship and the 'grinding' process specifically to strengthen one's will. 历练 is broader, focusing on the variety of experiences and the resulting maturity.
- 阅历 (yuèlì) vs. 历练 (lìliàn)
- 阅历 refers to one's 'record of experiences' or 'social experience.' It is often used to describe someone who has 'seen it all.' While similar, 阅历 is more about what you have seen/done, while 历练 is more about how those things have changed you.
- 锻炼 (duànliàn) vs. 历练 (lìliàn)
- 锻炼 usually means 'to exercise' or 'to train' (physical or mental). It is more systematic and intentional. 历练 can be intentional, but it often refers to the natural, sometimes unpredictable challenges of life and work.
虽然他年轻，但社会阅历很深。(Although he is young, his social experience is very deep.)
When should you use 历练 instead of these others? Use it when you want to sound more formal, or when you want to emphasize that the experience was a 'test' that resulted in personal growth. For example, in a job interview, saying you have '丰富的历练' (rich tempering/experience) sounds much more impressive than just '丰富的经验' because it suggests you are resilient and have been tested in the real world.
他在部队里得到了很好的锻炼。(He received good training/exercise in the army.)
苦难是人生的磨练。(Suffering is the tempering/grinding of life.)
چقدر رسمی است؟
نکته جالب
In ancient times, '练' was specifically about the laborious process of preparing silk. This is why many words involving 'practice' or 'experience' in Chinese have the 'silk' radical (纟).
راهنمای تلفظ
- Pronouncing 'lian' like 'lion' (it should be more like 'lee-en').
- Using the wrong tone (e.g., using the second tone for 'li').
- Failing to distinguish between 'lian' and 'lan'.
- Over-emphasizing the 'i' in 'lian'.
- Mumbling the tones, making it sound like 'li lian' in a flat tone.
سطح دشواری
Requires understanding of abstract character combinations and formal register.
The characters are moderately complex to write, and the usage requires careful context.
Pronunciation is straightforward with fourth tones, but must be used in the right situations.
Common in news and formal speeches, usually clear but can be confused with '经验'.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
گرامر لازم
Using '经过' (jīngguò) with 历练
经过这次历练，他变得成熟了。(After this tempering, he became mature.)
Using '得到' (dédào) with 历练
他在这个项目中得到了很好的历练。(He gained good tempering in this project.)
Using '积累' (jīlěi) with 历练
我需要积累更多的社会历练。(I need to accumulate more social tempering/experience.)
Using '缺乏' (quēfá) with 历练
很多刚毕业的学生都缺乏历练。(Many fresh graduates lack experience/tempering.)
Using '是...的历练' (shì...de lìliàn) for definitions
这对他来说是一次宝贵的历练。(This is a valuable experience/tempering for him.)
مثالها بر اساس سطح
我需要多一点历练。
I need a bit more experience/tempering.
Simple Subject + Verb + Object structure.
这对他来说是很好的历练。
This is a good experience/tempering for him.
Using '对...来说' to indicate perspective.
他在工作中得到了历练。
He gained experience/tempering in his work.
Passive-like structure with '得到'.
历练很重要。
Experience/tempering is very important.
历练 as a simple subject.
去中国学习是一种历练。
Going to China to study is a kind of experience/tempering.
Gerund-like phrase as a subject.
他有很多历练。
He has a lot of experience/tempering.
Using '有' to show possession of an abstract noun.
我们一起去历练吧。
Let's go gain some experience/tempering together.
历练 used as a verb here.
历练让他更强。
Experience/tempering made him stronger.
Causative structure with '让'.
这份工作虽然累，但很有历练。
Although this job is tiring, it provides a lot of experience/tempering.
Contrastive structure with '虽然...但'.
年轻人需要社会的历练。
Young people need the experience/tempering of society.
Noun + 的 + Noun (possessive/descriptive).
他在外地历练了三年。
He tempered himself in another city for three years.
Verb + duration complement.
这种历练对他以后有好处。
This kind of experience/tempering will be good for him later.
Using '对...有好处' (beneficial for...).
他想去艰苦的地方历练。
He wants to go to a difficult place to temper himself.
Verb phrase with '想去'.
经过历练，他变得成熟了。
After being tempered, he became mature.
Using '经过' to indicate a process.
每个人的人生长路都需要历练。
Everyone needs experience/tempering on the long road of life.
Formal subject + predicate.
不要怕辛苦，这就是历练。
Don't be afraid of hard work; this is exactly what experience/tempering is.
Imperative followed by a definition.
他在基层的历练让他更懂百姓的生活。
His tempering at the grassroots level made him understand common people's lives better.
Complex subject with '的'.
创业是对一个人全方位的历练。
Starting a business is an all-around tempering for a person.
Using '是对...的历练' structure.
只有经过磨难的历练，才能成功。
Only through the tempering of hardships can one succeed.
Conditional structure '只有...才'.
他打算在国外历练几年再回来。
He plans to temper himself abroad for a few years before coming back.
Verb + duration + '再' + action.
这些年的历练让他看问题更深刻。
These years of experience/tempering have made him see problems more deeply.
Resultative complement with '更'.
生活就是一场不断的历练。
Life is a constant process of tempering.
Metaphorical use of '是'.
他缺乏这种在压力下工作的历练。
He lacks the experience/tempering of working under pressure.
Using '缺乏' (to lack) with a complex noun phrase.
我们要珍惜每一次历练的机会。
We should cherish every opportunity for tempering.
Verb '珍惜' + Object '机会'.
他在商海中摸爬滚打，积累了深厚的历练。
He struggled in the business world and accumulated deep experience/tempering.
Use of idiom '摸爬滚打' (struggle/practice) with '历练'.
这种艰苦的环境是对新人意志的历练。
This harsh environment is a tempering of the will for newcomers.
Abstract noun '意志' (will) as the target of 历练.
没有实战的历练，理论只是纸上谈兵。
Without the tempering of actual combat, theory is just armchair strategy.
Using '没有...只是...' to show necessity.
他那从容的态度源于多年的历练。
His calm attitude stems from years of tempering.
Using '源于' (stems from) to show origin.
在这一行，历练比学历更重要。
In this industry, experience/tempering is more important than academic qualifications.
Comparative structure 'A比B更重要'.
她经历了职场的历练，变得非常干练。
She went through the tempering of the workplace and became very capable.
Verb '经历' + Object '历练'.
每一次失败都是一次宝贵的历练。
Every failure is a valuable experience/tempering.
Using '每一次...都是一次...' for emphasis.
他被派往海外分公司进行历练。
He was sent to an overseas branch to undergo tempering.
Passive structure '被...进行历练'.
他那双充满历练的眼睛，仿佛能看穿人心。
His eyes, full of experience/tempering, seemed able to see through people's hearts.
Descriptive phrase '充满历练的' modifying a noun.
这部作品反映了作者对人生历练的深刻思考。
This work reflects the author's deep reflections on life's tempering.
Abstract noun '思考' with a complex object.
唯有经过岁月的历练，才能酿出如此醇厚的美酒。
Only after the tempering of years can such a mellow wine be brewed.
Metaphorical use in high-level prose.
在政治风云中，他得到了前所未有的历练。
In the political storms, he gained unprecedented experience/tempering.
Using '前所未有的' (unprecedented) as a modifier.
挫折固然痛苦，却是成长的必经历练。
Setbacks are certainly painful, but they are a necessary tempering for growth.
Using '固然...却是...' (admittedly... but...).
他的人格在不断的自我历练中愈发坚韧。
His personality became increasingly resilient through constant self-tempering.
Reflexive use '自我历练'.
这种历练不仅是技能的提升，更是心灵的洗礼。
This kind of tempering is not just an improvement of skills, but a baptism of the soul.
Parallel structure '不仅是...更是...'.
他在艺术道路上的历练，体现在他作品的每一个细节中。
His tempering on the artistic path is reflected in every detail of his work.
Complex subject indicating a life-long process.
纵观其一生，无不是在各种艰难困苦中历练而成的。
Looking at his entire life, it was all formed through tempering in various hardships.
Double negative '无不是' for strong affirmation.
这种历练使他超越了世俗的纷扰，达到了某种淡然的境界。
This tempering allowed him to transcend worldly distractions and reach a state of equanimity.
Philosophical usage with '境界' (realm/state).
历史的历练让这个民族在逆境中焕发出顽强的生命力。
The tempering of history allowed this nation to radiate tenacious vitality in adversity.
Applying the word to a collective entity (a nation).
他的文字透着一股历练后的沧桑感与厚重感。
His writing exudes a sense of vicissitude and depth after being tempered.
Using '透着' (to exude/reveal) with abstract qualities.
真正的智慧往往藏于那些不为人知的历练之中。
True wisdom is often hidden within those unknown experiences of tempering.
Inversion-like structure focusing on the location of wisdom.
他在权力旋涡中的历练，使其心计深不可测。
His tempering in the vortex of power made his schemes unfathomable.
Describing the darker side of 'tempering' in high-stakes environments.
若无这番历练，他断难担此重任。
Without this tempering, he would certainly find it difficult to shoulder such a heavy responsibility.
Classical Chinese flavor with '若无' and '断难'.
大自然的历练让这些古松展现出奇特的姿态。
The tempering of nature allows these ancient pines to display unique postures.
Applying the concept to natural growth and survival.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
— To experience and be tempered by life's challenges. Often used as a motto.
他在旅途中历练人生。
— Experience gained from interacting with society and the real world.
大学生需要更多的社会历练。
— Experience gained through actual 'combat' or real-world practice, not just simulation.
这种实战历练是书本给不了的。
— The maturity gained from experiencing emotional ups and downs or relationships.
这段感情是一次深刻的情感历练。
— The tempering and wisdom that comes with the passage of time.
岁月的历练让他变得平和。
— The growth and strengthening that results from surviving hardships.
苦难的历练造就了他的坚强。
— The professional growth and savvy gained from working in competitive environments.
职场的历练让他学会了沟通。
— Intentionally putting oneself in difficult situations to grow.
他把这次失败看作是一次自我历练。
— Experiences that one must go through to reach a certain level of maturity.
这是每个领袖必经的历练。
— Profound and thorough experience that changes one's core.
他接受过深度的专业历练。
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
经历 is simply 'to go through' an event. It can be a happy or sad event. 历练 is the growth gained from that event.
练习 is 'to practice' a specific skill like piano or math. 历练 is broader character-building experience.
训练 is formal 'training' usually led by a coach or instructor. 历练 can happen naturally through life.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
— To have gone through extensive tempering and experience over a long period.
他是一位久经历练的外交官。
Formal— Literally 'hammered a thousand times and smelted a hundred times.' Thoroughly tempered and refined.
他的文章是千锤百炼的结果。
Literary— To have experienced many great changes in life; having seen much of the world's ups and downs.
那张饱经沧桑的脸诉说着过去的故事。
Literary— To grind a pestle into a needle. Implies that through persistent 历练, one can achieve the impossible.
只要有磨杵成针的精神，没有做不成的事。
Literary— A great talent takes time to mature. Often implies a long period of 历练 before success.
他虽然成功得晚，但正是大器晚成。
Formal— To have been through a hundred battles. Experienced and battle-hardened.
这位身经百战的将军非常冷静。
Formal— To have gone through all kinds of hardships.
他历尽艰辛才创办了这家公司。
Formal— To experience the wind and rain to see the world. Encouraging someone to gain 历练.
年轻人要多到外面经风雨见世面。
Neutral— Toughened into steel after a hundred smeltings. To become strong through constant tempering.
只有在困难中百炼成钢，才能无往不胜。
Literary— Experienced and prudent. The result of significant 历练.
他办事老成持重，让人放心。
Formalبهراحتی اشتباه گرفته میشود
Both translate to 'experience' in English.
经验 is more about technical skills or knowledge. 历练 is more about character, wisdom, and being 'tempered' by life or work.
我有五年的销售经验 (I have 5 years of sales experience). 他在基层历练了五年 (He was tempered/experienced at the grassroots for 5 years).
Both involve growth through hardship.
磨炼 emphasizes the 'grinding' or painful part of the process to strengthen the will. 历练 is the broader process of undergoing various situations to gain maturity.
他在苦难中磨炼意志。他在社会中历练成长。
Both mean 'training' or 'improving oneself.'
锻炼 is often physical exercise or intentional mental training. 历练 is the experience gained from navigating real-world complexities.
我每天锻炼身体。职场让他得到了历练。
Both describe having seen and done a lot.
阅历 is like a 'track record' of what you've seen and done (worldliness). 历练 is how those things have specifically 'tempered' or changed you.
他阅历丰富，走遍了世界。这次历练让他变得更稳重。
Both start with '历' and involve time.
历程 refers to the 'course' or 'journey' itself (the timeline). 历练 is the 'tempering' gained during that journey.
回顾奋斗的历程。这段历程给了他很多历练。
الگوهای جملهسازی
经过...的历练，(Subject) 变得 (Adjective)
经过这次历练，他变得更自信了。
(Subject) 在 (Place/Context) 得到了充分的历练
他在海外市场得到了充分的历练。
(Hardship) 是对 (Person) 的一种历练
失败是对年轻人的一种历练。
(Subject) 拥有丰富的 (Industry/Domain) 历练
他拥有丰富的资本市场历练。
(Subject) 透露出一种 (Adjective) 的历练感
他的举止透露出一种成熟的历练感。
唯有 (Action/Process) 的历练，方能 (Result)
唯有岁月的历练，方能成就大器。
(Subject) 历经 (Number/Many) 历练，终成 (Outcome)
他历经重重历练，终成一代宗师。
(Subject) 缺乏 (Type) 的历练
他缺乏处理复杂人际关系的历练。
خانواده کلمه
اسمها
فعلها
صفتها
مرتبط
نحوه استفاده
Common in professional and motivational contexts; rare in casual daily errands.
-
Using 历练 for simple skills.
→
使用经验.
You don't have '历练' in using a spoon. Use '经验' for simple or technical skills that don't involve character tempering.
-
Using '一个历练'.
→
一次历练 or 一种历练.
历练 is an abstract process. Use measure words for events (次) or types (种) rather than the general '个'.
-
Confusing 历练 with 练习.
→
练习钢琴 (Practice piano).
练习 is the act of repeating a drill. 历练 is the broader experience of being tested in a real environment.
-
Using 历练 for negative growth.
→
经历 (Experiences).
历练 almost always implies a positive outcome of maturity or strength. If an event just made someone worse or bitter, '经历' is more neutral.
-
Using it in very casual slang.
→
经历 or 经验.
历练 has a certain gravitas. Using it while talking about a video game (unless competitive) might sound overly dramatic.
نکات
Resume Power Word
When describing your past roles, use '历练' to suggest that you didn't just perform tasks, but were actively shaped and improved by the challenges of the job.
历练 vs. 经验
Use '经验' for technical skills (e.g., coding, driving). Use '历练' for character-based skills (e.g., leadership, dealing with pressure, maturity).
The Wuxia Spirit
Think of the word as your own 'hero's journey.' Every difficult task is a chance for 历练, helping you 'level up' in the game of life.
Common Verb Pairs
历练 is often paired with '积累' (accumulate), '获得' (gain), or '经过' (undergo). Memorize these pairs to sound more natural.
基层历练
If you ever work in China, remember this phrase. Showing that you value 'grassroots experience' is a sign of a humble and realistic professional.
Formal Tone
Because it's a bit formal, save 历练 for serious conversations about career, life, or goals. Using it for fun hobbies might sound odd.
Metaphorical Use
You can use 历练 to describe things like '岁月的历练' (the tempering of time), which adds a poetic and deep quality to your writing.
The Silk Radical
Remember the silk radical (纟) in 练. Just as silk is boiled and pounded to become soft and strong, a person undergoes 历练 to become their best self.
Key Contexts
Listen for this word in graduation speeches. It's a favorite of speakers wishing students luck as they enter the 'real world' for the first time.
Check the Challenge
Before using 历练, ask yourself: 'Was this a challenge that made me grow?' If yes, use it. If it was just something you did, use 经验 or 经历.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Imagine a piece of raw silk (练) going through a long path of history (历). By the end of the path, the silk is no longer raw; it is refined and strong. That is 历练.
تداعی تصویری
Think of a blacksmith hammering a sword in a fire. The 'fire' is the challenges of life (历), and the 'hammering' is the practice (练).
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Try to write a short paragraph about a difficult time in your life and use the word 历练 to describe how it changed you.
ریشه کلمه
The term comes from combining two characters: '历' (lì), which originally depicted a foot passing through a grove or field, signifying 'to pass through' or 'history'; and '练' (liàn), which originally referred to boiling and whitening raw silk to make it usable, signifying 'to refine' or 'to practice.'
معنای اصلی: The original meaning referred to the process of refining materials or practicing a craft until it reached a high standard.
Sino-Tibetan (Chinese)بافت فرهنگی
Be careful not to dismiss someone's struggle by calling it 'just a 历练' if they are currently in deep pain. It's a word often used in reflection.
In English, we might say 'paying your dues' or 'the school of hard knocks,' which captures some of the 'hardship' aspect of 历练.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Job Interview
- 丰富的行业历练
- 在压力下的历练
- 管理方面的历练
- 跨文化历练
Personal Growth
- 难忘的人生历练
- 自我历练的过程
- 心理素质的历练
- 磨难带来的历练
Education/Mentorship
- 给学生历练的机会
- 缺乏社会的历练
- 必要的历练
- 在实践中历练
Military/Training
- 严格的历练
- 体能与意志的历练
- 实战化的历练
- 部队的历练
Literature/Drama
- 主角的历练之路
- 江湖的历练
- 充满历练的眼神
- 岁月的历练
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"你觉得你人生中最重要的一次历练是什么？"
"在工作中，你觉得什么样的历练最能让人成长？"
"你支持年轻人去艰苦的地方历练吗？为什么？"
"你认为一个优秀的领导者需要具备什么样的历练？"
"你最近有没有经历过什么让你感到很有历练的事情？"
موضوعات نگارش
回想一次你觉得非常辛苦但最终让你变强大的经历。用“历练”这个词来描述它。
如果你可以给年轻时的自己一个历练的机会，你会选择什么？为什么？
你认为“经验”和“历练”之间最大的区别是什么？请结合你的生活例子说明。
描述一个你认为很有“历练”的人，他/她的身上有什么特质吸引你？
在未来的五年里，你希望在哪些方面得到更多的历练？
سوالات متداول
10 سوالYes, but only if you mean the 'tempering' of living in a foreign country and struggling to communicate. If you just mean studying grammar in a book, '学习' or '练习' is better. For example, '在国外生活的历练让我学会了独立' (The tempering of living abroad made me independent).
The process of 历练 can be painful or difficult, but the result is almost always viewed as positive. It is a 'valuable' thing to have. You wouldn't say someone had a 'bad 历练' unless you mean it didn't help them grow.
'Paying your dues' emphasizes the time and effort required to earn a position. 历练 focuses on the personal transformation and wisdom gained during that time. They are similar, but 历练 is more about internal growth.
Usually, it is used for people or their character/skills. However, in literary contexts, it can be used for things that have been 'tempered' by time, like an 'ancient sword' or a 'well-tested product.'
Absolutely. Phrases like '拥有丰富的职场历练' (Possessing rich workplace tempering/experience) sound very professional and suggest you are a resilient and capable candidate.
This is a common term in China. It refers to working at the 'grassroots' or lowest level of an organization (like a village or a factory floor) before moving to a leadership role. It is considered essential for understanding reality.
It is both. As a noun: '这是一种历练' (This is a kind of experience). As a verb: '去社会上历练一下' (Go gain some experience in society). The noun form is slightly more common in formal writing.
It is better to say '我有丰富的历练' or '我得到过很多历练.' Just saying '我有历练' sounds a bit incomplete, like saying 'I have tempering' in English.
It implies 'challenge' or 'trial,' which often involves some level of hardship, but not necessarily extreme suffering. It's more about 'not being easy.'
经历 is just the things that happened to you (events). 历练 is the wisdom and strength you gained from those events. You can have many 经历 without having much 历练 if you didn't learn from them.
خودت رو بسنج 200 سوال
请用“历练”写一个句子，描述你的工作经历。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
请用“经过...的历练”写一个句子，描述一个人的改变。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
你认为什么样的经历最能称得上是“历练”？请写一段话。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
请用“历练”和“成熟”写一个句子。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
写一个关于“基层历练”的句子。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
用“历练”描述一次失败的经历。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
用“充满历练”形容一个人的眼神。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
描述“职场历练”的重要性。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
用“历练”写一个劝勉年轻人的句子。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
用“积累历练”写一个句子。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
用“意志的历练”写一个句子。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
写一个关于“自我历练”的句子。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
用“历练”描述一段感情。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
用“岁月的历练”写一个句子。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
用“缺乏历练”写一个句子。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
用“必要的历练”写一个句子。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
用“实战历练”写一个句子。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
用“历练”描述一种艺术风格。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
用“久经历练”写一个句子。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
用“历练”写一个总结性的句子。
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
用中文描述一次你觉得很有“历练”的经历。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
你认为“历练”对一个人重要吗？为什么？
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
你会如何建议一个刚毕业的学生去寻找“历练”？
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
解释一下“职场历练”包含哪些方面？
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
谈谈你对“岁月的历练”的理解。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
你觉得在艰苦的环境中历练是必要的吗？
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
描述一个你认为“久经历练”的人。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
如果一个任务很辛苦，你会如何用“历练”来鼓励自己？
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
比较“经验”和“历练”在口语中的用法。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
你认为“自我历练”需要具备什么素质？
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
讲一个关于“基层历练”的故事（虚构亦可）。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
如何评价“温室里的花朵”？请使用“历练”一词。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
你认为在大学期间应该如何积累历练？
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
描述一个充满历练的艺术作品（如电影或画）。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
用“历练”谈谈你学习中文的过程。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
如果你是面试官，你会如何询问候选人的“历练”？
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
谈谈“实战历练”在体育运动中的重要性。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
用“历练”造一个排比句。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
解释“大器晚成”与“历练”的关系。
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
总结：你认为什么样的人生才算是有“历练”的人生？
این را بلند بخوانید:
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
听力练习：录音中提到小张去哪里历练了？（模拟录音：小张为了提高能力，去偏远山区支教了两年。）
听力练习：说话人认为这次失败是什么？（模拟录音：别难过，这次失败其实是一次很好的历练。）
听力练习：录音中说他积累了什么样的历练？（模拟录音：他在跨国公司有多年的管理历练。）
听力练习：谁需要更多的社会历练？（模拟录音：现在的大学生普遍缺乏社会历练。）
听力练习：这种历练让他的性格发生了什么变化？（模拟录音：经过历练，他变得非常稳重。）
听力练习：说话人建议年轻人去哪里？（模拟录音：年轻人应该去基层历练。）
听力练习：录音中提到的“岁月的历练”指什么？（模拟录音：岁月的历练让他看透了世俗的纷扰。）
听力练习：他为什么能胜任这个职位？（模拟录音：因为他有深厚的行业历练。）
听力练习：这次任务是对什么的历练？（模拟录音：这次任务是对我们团队协作能力的历练。）
听力练习：说话人的语气是怎样的？（模拟录音：哎，你还是历练太少啊。）
听力练习：录音中提到的“实战历练”发生在什么时候？（模拟录音：在去年的实战历练中，他表现优异。）
听力练习：他在哪里得到了历练？（模拟录音：他在部队里得到了很好的历练。）
听力练习：这种历练被比作什么？（模拟录音：历练是通往成功的垫脚石。）
听力练习：他缺乏什么？（模拟录音：他空有理论，缺乏历练。）
听力练习：这次历练的结果是什么？（模拟录音：这次历练让他终生难忘。）
/ 200 درست
نمره کامل!
Summary
Think of 历练 as 'character-building experience.' It's not just about what you know, but how you've been changed by what you've done. For example: '他在基层历练多年' (He was tempered at the grassroots for years).
- 历练 (lìliàn) means gaining experience and maturity through practical challenges and time.
- It differs from regular 'experience' (经验) by implying a process of being 'tempered' or 'tested.'
- It can be used as a noun (the experience itself) or a verb (to gain that experience).
- Commonly found in professional, personal growth, and literary contexts to describe resilience.
Resume Power Word
When describing your past roles, use '历练' to suggest that you didn't just perform tasks, but were actively shaped and improved by the challenges of the job.
历练 vs. 经验
Use '经验' for technical skills (e.g., coding, driving). Use '历练' for character-based skills (e.g., leadership, dealing with pressure, maturity).
The Wuxia Spirit
Think of the word as your own 'hero's journey.' Every difficult task is a chance for 历练, helping you 'level up' in the game of life.
Common Verb Pairs
历练 is often paired with '积累' (accumulate), '获得' (gain), or '经过' (undergo). Memorize these pairs to sound more natural.
محتوای مرتبط
این کلمه در زبانهای دیگر
واژههای بیشتر general
一下儿
A1به معنای 'کمی' یا 'یک لحظه' است که بعد از فعل برای مودبانهتر کردن جمله میآید.
点儿
A1کمی یا مقدار کمی. بعد از فعل برای بیان 'مقداری' و بعد از صفت برای مقایسه استفاده میشود.
有点儿
A1کمی (با بار معنایی منفی)
一下
A2کمی؛ یک لحظه (بعد از فعل برای ملایم کردن لحن استفاده میشود).
一点儿
A1یک کمی؛ مقدار کمی.
一会儿
A1یک لحظه، مدتی کوتاه.
一部分
B1بخشی از؛ قسمتی از؛ اقلیتی از.
异样
B1چیزی غیرمعمول یا متفاوت از حالت عادی.
关于
A1حرف اضافهای به معنای 'درباره' یا 'در مورد'. برای معرفی یک موضوع یا تعیین محتوای یک کتاب یا گفتگو استفاده میشود.
快要
A2قطار در شرف رسیدن به ایستگاه است. الان باران میگیرد، چتر ببر.
