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B1 adjective 3 دقیقه مطالعه

弹性的

tánxìng de
نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

§ Don't Confuse 弹性的 with 灵活的 (líng huó de)

Many learners mix up 弹性的 (tán xìng de) and 灵活的 (líng huó de) because both can be translated as 'flexible' in English. However, in Chinese, they have distinct nuances. While 弹性的 emphasizes the ability to stretch, deform, and return to an original state (like a rubber band), 灵活的 focuses on agility, adaptability, and being nimble or resourceful.

DEFINITION
弹性的 (tán xìng de): Elastic; flexible; able to readily resume its former shape or adapt to change.

Think of 弹性的 as something that has inherent 'stretchiness' or 'give.' It can be physical, like an elastic material, or abstract, like a policy that can be adjusted. 灵活的, on the other hand, describes someone or something that can move quickly and easily, or adapt to new situations with ease and cleverness.

这条裤子很弹性的，穿起来很舒服。(This pair of pants is very elastic, it's comfortable to wear.)

他是一个很灵活的人，总能找到解决问题的方法。(He is a very flexible/resourceful person, always able to find ways to solve problems.)

§ Using 弹性的 in the Wrong Contexts

Another common mistake is applying 弹性的 to situations where it doesn't quite fit. While it can describe abstract concepts like policies or schedules, it's often used when there's an implication of something having the capacity to 'stretch' or 'give' without breaking, and then returning to normal or adapting. It's less about general changeability and more about a specific kind of resilience or adjustability.

  • Incorrect: 他的想法很弹性的。(His ideas are very elastic.)
    This sounds a bit odd. While ideas can be flexible, 'elastic' isn't the most natural fit. You'd likely use 灵活的 (líng huó de) or other terms for open-mindedness.

  • Correct: 这项计划是弹性的，可以根据实际情况进行调整。(This plan is flexible/elastic, it can be adjusted according to the actual situation.)
    Here, 弹性的 works well because it implies the plan has built-in give, allowing it to expand or contract as needed.

我们的工作时间是弹性的，你可以选择适合自己的时间。(Our working hours are flexible, you can choose the time that suits you.)

When talking about policies, schedules, or rules, 弹性的 implies that there is a defined structure, but with room to move or adapt within certain bounds. It suggests a capacity for dynamic adjustment rather than complete fluidity or lack of structure.

§ Forgetting the 的 (de)

As an adjective, 弹性的 (tán xìng de) almost always requires the particle 的 (de) when modifying a noun, especially when it's part of an adjectival phrase. Omitting 的 is a common grammatical error for learners.

  • Incorrect: 弹性材料 (Elastic material)

  • Correct: 弹性的材料 (Elastic material)

While you might occasionally see 弹性 used as a noun itself (e.g., 弹性 (tán xìng) meaning 'elasticity' or 'flexibility'), when it functions as an adjective directly preceding a noun, the 的 is crucial for correct grammar.

这种面料很有弹性的，很适合做运动服。(This fabric is very elastic, very suitable for sportswear.)

راهنمای تلفظ

UK tahn-SHING-duh
US tahn-SHEENG-duh
The stress is typically on the second syllable, '性' (xìng).
خطاهای رایج
  • Many learners might overemphasize the 'de' at the end. Remember it's a light, unstressed particle.

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

弹性 (tán xìng) elasticity; flexibility; resilience

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

Both '弹性的' (tánxìngde) and '灵活的' (línghuóde) can mean 'flexible', but they have slightly different nuances. '弹性的' often refers to physical elasticity or the ability to adapt to changes in a system or schedule. For example, a rubber band is '弹性的'. You might also talk about a '弹性的' work schedule, meaning it can be adjusted. '灵活的' generally describes agility, resourcefulness, or mental flexibility. A '灵活的' person is quick-witted or adaptable in their thinking. A '灵活的' body is agile. Think of '弹性的' as 'stretchable' and '灵活的' as 'nimble'.

It's less common and might sound a bit odd to describe a person's character as '弹性的'. While a person can be adaptable, '灵活的' (línghuóde) or '适应能力强' (shìyìng nénglì qiáng - strong adaptability) would be more natural choices for describing a flexible personality.

No, not at all! While it certainly applies to physical objects like rubber, '弹性的' is also very commonly used for abstract concepts. For example, a '弹性的' budget (flexible budget), a '弹性的' plan (flexible plan), or '弹性的' working hours (flexible working hours).

You can say: 我们有弹性的工作时间。 (Wǒmen yǒu tánxìngde gōngzuò shíjiān.) - We have flexible working hours. Or: 这份工作提供弹性的安排。 (Zhè fèn gōngzuò tígōng tánxìngde ānpái.) - This job offers flexible arrangements.

A good opposite for '弹性的' would be '固定的' (gùdìngde) meaning 'fixed' or 'rigid'. For example, '固定的时间' (fixed time) versus '弹性的时间' (flexible time).

While grammatically it might seem possible, it's not natural Chinese. You wouldn't typically say '他很弹性' for 'he is flexible' in personality. Instead, you'd use '他很灵活' (Tā hěn línghuó - He is very flexible/agile) or '他很能适应' (Tā hěn néng shìyìng - He is very adaptable).

'弹性的' is a neutral word. It's suitable for both formal and informal contexts when discussing things like schedules, plans, or materials.

'弹性的' often implies the quality of being adjustable or having room for adjustment. For instance, a '弹性的' schedule is an adjustable schedule. However, '可调整的' (kě tiáozhěngde) is the direct translation for 'adjustable' and might be used if you want to emphasize the ability to change something specifically. '弹性的' suggests inherent flexibility.

Yes, you can! You could say '价格是弹性的' (jiàgé shì tánxìngde) meaning 'the price is flexible', implying it's open to negotiation or can fluctuate. This is a common and correct usage.

A very common phrase in business is '弹性的工作时间' (tánxìngde gōngzuò shíjiān) meaning 'flexible working hours' or '弹性工作制' (tánxìng gōngzuòzhì) meaning 'flexible work system'. This refers to arrangements where employees can adjust their start and end times, or even their workdays.

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