Said vs. Told : Quelle est la différence ?
told a toujours besoin d'un interlocuteur mentionné dans la phrase, tandis que said n'en a pas besoin. C'est la clé !
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'tell' when you mention the listener immediately after the verb; use 'say' when the focus is on the words themselves.
- Use 'tell' with a personal object: 'He told me the secret.'
- Use 'say' without a personal object: 'She said she was tired.'
- Use 'say to' if you must mention the listener with 'say': 'He said to me that he was leaving.'
Overview
say et tell en plein milieu d'une phrase, rassure-toi : c'est l'un des obstacles les plus classiques pour nous, les francophones. Pourquoi ? Parce qu'en français, nous avons un verbe « couteau-suisse » : le verbe « dire ».say et tell.tell se focalise sur la transmission d'une information à une personne, tandis que say se focalise sur le contenu du message lui-même.He said me (ce qui est une erreur très fréquente). Nous allons voir comment construire tes phrases, quelles sont les expressions figées à connaître et comment choisir le bon verbe selon le contexte, que tu sois au bureau, en voyage ou en train de discuter avec des amis autour d'un café.say et tell ne fonctionnent pas de la même manière au niveau de leur construction.Say : Focus sur le messagesay est principalement utilisé pour rapporter des paroles ou exprimer une idée. Sa caractéristique majeure est qu'il n'a pas besoin de mentionner la personne qui écoute pour être complet.She said that she was tired.(Elle a dit qu'elle était fatiguée.)
say, on doit impérativement utiliser la préposition to. C'est très similaire au français « dire à quelqu'un ».He said to me that he would come.(Il m'a dit qu'il viendrait.)
Tell : Focus sur l'auditeurtell est ce qu'on appelle un verbe ditransitif. Cela signifie qu'il a besoin d'un objet direct (le message) et d'un objet indirect (la personne). La règle absolue avec tell (dans son sens de rapporter une information), c'est qu'il est suivi immédiatement de la personne à qui l'on parle, sans préposition.She told me the news.(Elle m'a dit la nouvelle.)I told him to wait.(Je lui ai dit d'attendre.)
I told to him. On dit I told him.Say | Structure avec Tell |Say + (optionnel) that + message | Tell + Personne + message |Say + to + Personne | (Impossible d'utiliser to) |tell. Si tu veux donner l'information directement, utilise say.say et tell sont des verbes irréguliers, ce qui est essentiel pour les récits au passé.- Infinitive:
to say/to tell - Simple Past:
said/told(prononcé /sɛd/ et /toʊld/) - Past Participle:
said/told
Say (Le message d'abord)- Structure A : Sujet +
said+Citation directe He said, "I'm hungry."- Structure B : Sujet +
said+ (optionnelthat) + Proposition She said (that) the meeting was cancelled.- Structure C (avec auditeur) : Sujet +
said+to+ Quelqu'un + (optionnelthat) + Proposition They said to us that they were moving to Lyon.
Tell (La personne d'abord)- Structure A : Sujet +
told+ Quelqu'un + (optionnelthat) + Proposition I told her (that) I would be late.- Structure B (Ordres/Instructions) : Sujet +
told+ Quelqu'un +to+ Verbe The boss told me to finish the report.(Le patron m'a dit de finir le rapport.)- Structure C (Informations directes) : Sujet +
told+ Quelqu'un + Nom Can you tell me the time?(Peux-tu me dire l'heure ?)
that est très fréquente après say et tell pour introduire une subordonnée (comme notre « que »). Cependant, en anglais moderne et informel, on l'omet souvent. She said she was happy est parfaitement correct et très naturel.say et tell dépend souvent de l'intention de ta phrase. Voici les scénarios types pour ne plus te tromper.Say pour :- 1Rapporter des paroles directes : C'est le verbe de narration par excellence.
"It's a beautiful day," he said.
- 1Les messages écrits (panneaux, emails, livres) : Un objet inanimé ne peut pas « informer » quelqu'un personnellement, il « dit » quelque chose.
The sign says 'No Entry'.(Le panneau dit 'Entrée interdite'.)The email says we need to reply by Friday.
- 1Exprimer une opinion ou une pensée générale :
People say that it's a great movie.(Les gens disent que c'est un super film.)
- 1Salutations et mots isolés :
Say hello to your parents for me!(Dis bonjour à tes parents de ma part !)He didn't even say goodbye.
Tell pour :- 1Donner des instructions ou des ordres : C'est beaucoup plus fort que
say.
Tell the kids to go to bed.(Dis aux enfants d'aller au lit.)
- 1Transmettre des informations spécifiques (News) :
Did she tell you about her trip to Japan?(T'a-t-elle parlé de son voyage au Japon ?)
- 1Raconter une histoire ou une blague : Ici,
tella le sens de « narrer ».
He told us a very funny joke.Grandpa used to tell us stories every night.
- 1Les expressions figées (Collocations) : C'est ici que
tellest obligatoire, même sans auditeur mentionné explicitement.
To tell the truth(Dire la vérité)To tell a lie(Dire un mensonge)To tell the time(Dire l'heure / Lire l'heure)To tell the difference(Faire la différence / Distinguer)
tell- Faux :
He told that he was tired. - Juste :
He told me that he was tired.ouHe said that he was tired. - *Pourquoi ?* En français, on peut dire « Il a dit que... » sans préciser à qui. En anglais, si tu utilises
tell, tu DOIS dire à qui. C'est une règle de grammaire rigide.
to après tell- Faux :
I told to my boss. - Juste :
I told my boss. - *Pourquoi ?* C'est l'influence du « J'ai dit à mon patron ».
Tellabsorbe déjà la direction de l'action. Pas besoin deto.
to après say quand il y a un auditeur- Faux :
She said me hello. - Juste :
She said hello to me. - *Pourquoi ?*
Sayne peut pas être suivi directement d'un complément de personne sans sa béquilleto. Si tu veux supprimer leto, tu dois changer de verbe :She told me hello(bien queShe said hellosoit plus naturel).
speak et talk, qui sont les cousins de say et tell.Say | Le message / Les mots | She said she was busy. |Tell | L'information / L'auditeur | She told me she was busy. |Speak | La capacité linguistique / Formalité | I speak English. / The CEO spoke to the press. |Talk | L'échange / La conversation (informel) | We talked for hours about music. |SayetTellservent à rapporter un contenu spécifique (« Quoi »).SpeaketTalkservent à décrire l'acte physique ou social de parler (« Comment » ou « Avec qui »).
- Tu
talkavec un collègue à la machine à café (conversation). - Tu
tellton collègue que le dossier est prêt (information). - Tu
sayque tu es fatigué (expression d'un état). - Tu
speaklors d'une conférence (action formelle).
He said me... ?He said to me... (un peu formel) soit He told me... (très courant).tell a story et pas say a story ?Tell est le verbe utilisé pour tout ce qui est narration (histoires, blagues, secrets).tell peut s'utiliser sans personne après ?tell the truth, tell a lie ou tell the time. Dans tous les autres cas, il faut un auditeur.say est plus formel que tell ?said to me sonne un peu plus lourd et formel que told me. Dans une conversation de tous les jours, on privilégiera He told me pour rapporter une information.- Si tu veux mentionner la personne à qui tu parles tout de suite après le verbe : choisis
tell. - Si tu veux passer directement au contenu de ce qui est dit : choisis
say.
tell le serveur ce que tu veux manger, mais le menu says quels sont les plats disponibles. Entraîne-toi à repérer ces verbes dans tes séries préférées ou sur tes réseaux sociaux, tu verras que la distinction deviendra vite une seconde nature. *Don't let anyone tell you English is too hard!*Conjugation of Say and Tell
| Tense | Say (Irregular) | Tell (Irregular) |
|---|---|---|
|
Base Form
|
say
|
tell
|
|
Present Simple (he/she/it)
|
says /sez/
|
tells
|
|
Past Simple
|
said /sed/
|
told
|
|
Past Participle
|
said /sed/
|
told
|
|
Present Participle
|
saying
|
telling
|
Meanings
Both verbs report information, but 'tell' requires an indirect object (the listener), while 'say' focuses on the message content.
Reporting Information
To give information or news to someone.
“He said that the meeting was canceled.”
“She told her boss that she was quitting.”
Giving Instructions
Using 'tell' to order or instruct someone to do something.
“The doctor told me to stay in bed.”
“I told him not to touch the stove.”
Collocations (Fixed Phrases)
Specific expressions where only one of the verbs is correct regardless of the general rule.
“Can you tell the time?”
“He always tells the truth.”
Distinguishing/Identifying
Using 'tell' to mean 'to know' or 'to distinguish' between things.
“I can't tell the difference between these two colors.”
“Can you tell if she's joking?”
Reference Table
| Caractéristique | `said` | `told` |
|---|---|---|
|
Nécessite un interlocuteur ?
|
Non
|
Oui, toujours
|
|
Structure de base
|
Sujet + said + (that)...
|
Sujet + told + interlocuteur + (that)...
|
|
Exemple correct
|
She `said` she was happy.
|
She `told me` she was happy.
|
|
Exemple incorrect
|
`She said me...` (FAUX)
|
`She told that...` (FAUX)
|
|
Utilisé avec des citations ?
|
Oui (`He said, "Go."`)
|
Oui (`He told her, "Go."`)
|
|
Focus
|
Les mots prononcés
|
L'acte d'informer quelqu'un
|
Spectre de formalité
He informed the committee that he would be resigning. (Workplace resignation)
He told the committee that he was quitting. (Workplace resignation)
He said he was gonna quit. (Workplace resignation)
He was like, 'I'm out.' (Workplace resignation)
Rapporter un discours : Said vs. Told
Pas d'interlocuteur mentionné
- SAID He said he was tired.
Interlocuteur mentionné
- TOLD He told me he was tired.
Said vs. Told en un coup d'œil
Lequel choisir : Said ou Told ?
L'interlocuteur est-il mentionné dans la phrase ?
Quand utiliser Said vs. Told
Utilise SAID quand...
- • Aucun interlocuteur n'est mentionné
- • Pour rapporter des mots d'un panneau ou d'un texte
- • Pour une citation directe sans interlocuteur
Utilise TOLD quand...
- • Un interlocuteur est mentionné (me, you, him, us, the class)
- • Pour donner une information directement à quelqu'un
- • Tu 'racontes une histoire' ou 'une blague'
Exemples par niveau
He said hello.
Él dijo hola.
Tell me your name.
Dime tu nombre.
She said, 'I am hungry.'
Ella dijo: 'Tengo hambre'.
They told us a joke.
Ellos nos contaron un chiste.
He told me that he was tired.
Él me dijo que estaba cansado.
What did you say to her?
¿Qué le dijiste a ella?
The teacher told the students to sit down.
El profesor les dijo a los estudiantes que se sentaran.
I said I would help you.
Dije que te ayudaría.
She told me about her trip to Italy.
Ella me contó sobre su viaje a Italia.
He said he had never been there before.
Dijo que nunca había estado allí antes.
Can you tell the difference between these two?
¿Puedes notar la diferencia entre estos dos?
I told him not to worry about the bill.
Le dije que no se preocupara por la cuenta.
It is said that the CEO will resign tomorrow.
Se dice que el CEO renunciará mañana.
I couldn't tell if she was being serious or not.
No podía saber si hablaba en serio o no.
He said to me, quite clearly, that he was finished.
Me dijo, muy claramente, que había terminado.
To tell you the truth, I don't really like pizza.
A decir verdad, no me gusta mucho la pizza.
The evidence tells a very different story.
La evidencia cuenta una historia muy diferente.
Needless to say, we were all very disappointed.
No hace falta decir que todos estábamos muy decepcionados.
He was told off by his manager for being late.
Su gerente lo regañó por llegar tarde.
I can't tell you how much I appreciate this.
No puedo expresarte cuánto agradezco esto.
There were fifty people there, all told.
Había cincuenta personas allí, en total.
The long hours were starting to tell on his health.
Las largas horas estaban empezando a afectar su salud.
Whatever he says goes in this office.
Lo que él diga se hace en esta oficina.
He has a certain 'je ne sais quoi', as the French say.
Tiene un cierto 'no sé qué', como dicen los franceses.
Facile à confondre
Learners often use 'say' when they mean 'talk' or 'speak'.
Learners forget the 'to' when using 'say' with a listener.
Mixing up the tense backshift while trying to choose between say and tell.
Erreurs courantes
He told that he is happy.
He said that he is happy.
She said me hello.
She said hello to me.
I sayed him the truth.
I told him the truth.
Tell to me your name.
Tell me your name.
He told to go home.
He told me to go home.
I said him to wait.
I told him to wait.
She said a story.
She told a story.
He said me that he was busy.
He told me that he was busy.
Can you say me the time?
Can you tell me the time?
I said to him 'No'.
I said 'No' to him.
All said, it was a good day.
All told, it was a good day.
The stress was starting to say on her.
The stress was starting to tell on her.
Structures de phrases
He told me that ___.
She said, '___.'
I can't tell if ___.
They told us to ___.
Real World Usage
He said he's on his way.
I told my previous employer that I was ready for a new challenge.
Who told you that?!
The pilot said there would be some turbulence.
I told the driver to leave the food at the gate.
The doctor told me to take this medicine twice a day.
La règle des 'deux' pour 'told'
She told me a story.(Elle m'a raconté une histoire.)
Le piège du 'Said Me'
He told me he was busy.(Il m'a dit qu'il était occupé.)
Utilise 'Said' pour le texte écrit
The email said the meeting is at 3 PM.(L'e-mail disait que la réunion est à 15h). C'est une utilisation naturelle et courante.
'Said To Me' vs. 'Told Me'
He told me he was tired.est plus courant que
He said to me that he was tired.
Smart Tips
Choose 'tell'.
Use 'say'.
Drop the 'that' after say or tell.
Use 'tell' to mean 'distinguish'.
Prononciation
The 'said' vowel
The word 'said' is pronounced with a short 'e' sound, like 'bed'. It is NOT pronounced like 'paid'.
The 'says' vowel
Similarly, 'says' is pronounced /sez/, like 'says' rhymes with 'fez'.
The 'told' diphthong
The 'o' in 'told' is a long 'o' sound, like 'gold' or 'cold'.
Reporting emphasis
He TOLD me (not you).
Emphasizing the recipient of the information.
Quote emphasis
He said 'NO'.
Emphasizing the specific words used.
Mémorise-le
Moyen mnémotechnique
You TELL a person, but you SAY a word.
Association visuelle
Imagine a megaphone (SAY) broadcasting to a crowd, vs. a person whispering (TELL) directly into someone's ear.
Rhyme
If the listener is in the slot, use TELL to hit the spot. If the message is all you play, then the word you need is SAY.
Story
Tom wanted to share a secret. He SAID, 'I have a secret.' Then he TOLD his friend the secret. His friend SAID, 'Wow!' and TOLD Tom not to worry.
Word Web
Défi
Look at your last 5 sent text messages. Rewrite them using 'said' or 'told' to report what you or others communicated.
Notes culturelles
In some UK dialects, 'I says' is used informally in storytelling (e.g., 'So I says to him...'), but this is grammatically non-standard.
The use of 'be like' as a reporting verb is extremely common among younger generations, often replacing 'said'.
Directness in 'telling' can vary. In some professional cultures, 'I was told' is used to deflect personal responsibility for a decision.
Both words come from Old English: 'secgan' (to say) and 'tellan' (to count, reckon, or relate).
Amorces de conversation
Tell me about your favorite childhood memory.
Has anyone ever told you a secret you couldn't keep?
What is something your teacher always told you to do?
Can you tell the difference between cheap and expensive coffee?
Sujets d'écriture
Erreurs courantes
Test Yourself
She ___ me a funny story about her trip.
Find and fix the mistake:
My brother said me he was going to the store.
Choose the correct sentence:
The children's mother ___ that it was time for bed.
Score: /4
Exercices pratiques
8 exercisesShe ___ me that she was moving to London.
He ___ 'Hello' and walked away.
Find and fix the mistake:
I said him to be quiet.
1. Tell, 2. Say
He said to me that he was lost.
A: What did he ___? B: He ___ me to leave.
You can use 'say' followed immediately by a person (e.g., 'I said him').
___ a joke
Score: /8
Practice Bank
13 exercisesOur guide ___ us to stay on the path.
I'm not sure what he ___, but everyone laughed.
Choose the correct sentence:
Choose the correct sentence:
The doctor told that I should get more rest.
Please said them the news as soon as possible.
Translate into English: 'El me dijo un secreto.'
Translate into English: 'Ella dijo que la película era aburrida.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the beginnings with the correct endings:
What did you ___ to him?
They said us they would arrive at 8 PM.
Score: /13
FAQ (8)
Yes, but only if you use the preposition 'to'. For example: 'He said to me that he was tired.' However, 'He told me' is much more common.
These are fixed collocations. 'Tell' is used for longer narratives (stories, jokes), while 'say' is used for shorter, ritualistic utterances (prayers, greetings).
No, 'say' is irregular. The past tense is 'said', pronounced like 'sed'.
Yes! In this case, 'me' is the object, and the 'something' is implied by the context.
'Inform' is much more formal. You 'tell' your friend a secret, but you 'inform' your boss of a decision.
It is always 'tell the truth'.
Yes, it can mean to distinguish or know. 'I can't tell the difference' means 'I don't know the difference'.
It is optional in informal English. 'He said he was tired' and 'He said that he was tired' are both correct.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
decir / contar
Spanish 'decir' doesn't require a change in verb based on the presence of a listener.
dire / raconter
French speakers often say 'He said me' because 'Il m'a dit' is a direct translation.
sagen / erzählen
German uses 'sagen' with a listener more frequently than English uses 'say' with a listener.
iu (言う) / hanasu (話す)
Japanese verbs don't have the same 'object requirement' that 'tell' has.
qala (قال) / akhbara (أخبر)
Arabic uses 'qala' with a preposition 'li' (to) very frequently, similar to 'say to'.
shuō (说) / gàosù (告诉)
Chinese speakers may still confuse them due to the lack of tense markers in their native language.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Vidéos associées
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