At the A1 level, the word 喚起 (kanki) is quite advanced, but you can understand it as a special way to say 'call' or 'make someone think of something.' In English, when you see a beautiful picture of a beach, it might 'make you think of' summer. In Japanese, we use 喚起 to describe this. It is a formal word. You might see it on signs at the train station. If you see '注意喚起' (chūi-kanki), it means 'Please pay attention!' The first part, 'chūi,' means attention. The second part, 'kanki,' means to call it out. So, it's like the sign is shouting at your brain to wake up and look around. You don't need to use this word in your own speaking yet, but if you see it on a poster with a warning sign, you should know it means something important is being called to your attention. It's a 'big' word for a 'big' message. Imagine a loud bell ringing to get everyone's attention—that is the feeling of 喚起. Even though it is a hard word, you can remember it by the 'kanki' sound, which is also in the word for ventilation (opening windows). Just remember that this 'kanki' is for opening your mind, not the windows!
At the A2 level, you are starting to learn more 'Sino-Japanese' words (kango), which are words made of two or more kanji. 喚起 (kanki) is one of these. It means 'to evoke' or 'to stir up.' You will mostly see it used with the word 'attention' (注意 - chūi). For example, if there is a lot of snow, the news might say 'chūi o kanki suru,' which means they are alerting people to be careful. You might also hear it when talking about memories. If a song makes you feel happy because it reminds you of a party, that song 'evokes' (kanki suru) those feelings. The grammar is simple: [Something] を 喚起する. It is a 'suru-verb.' You should use this word when you want to sound more formal or when you are reading news and announcements. It is much more polite and professional than saying 'make someone think.' For example, instead of saying 'This photo makes me think of my mom,' a more advanced way is 'This photo evokes memories of my mom.' It shows that the photo has a strong power to bring back those thoughts. In A2, just focus on the phrase '注意を喚起する' as a set phrase for 'giving a warning.'
By B1, you should be able to recognize 喚起 (kanki) in various contexts beyond just simple warnings. This word is essential for understanding more complex Japanese media. It means 'to call forth' or 'to arouse.' Common objects for this verb include 'interest' (関心 - kanshin), 'public opinion' (世論 - yoron), and 'appetite' (食欲 - shokuyoku). For instance, an interesting book might 'arouse interest' in a new subject. In your own writing, you can use 喚起 to describe the effect of something. If you are writing an essay about environmental issues, you could say, 'We must evoke a sense of crisis in people's minds' (人々の意識に危機感を喚起しなければならない). This sounds very persuasive and high-level. You should also be aware of its homophones, like 換気 (ventilation). At the B1 level, you are expected to distinguish these in writing. 喚起 uses the 'shout' kanji (喚), while 換気 uses the 'exchange' kanji (換). A good way to remember the difference is that 喚起 is 'calling' (shouting) a feeling into existence. This word is very common in JLPT N3 and N2 reading passages, so becoming comfortable with its abstract nature is a key step in your progress.
At the B2 level, 喚起 (kanki) should be a part of your active vocabulary for formal situations. You understand that it implies a deliberate stimulation of a mental or emotional state. It’s not just 'causing' something; it’s 'summoning' it. You can use it to discuss marketing strategies, such as 'arousing latent demand' (潜在需要を喚起する), or in literary analysis to describe how a poem 'evokes a sense of transience' (無常観を喚起する). You should also be familiar with the nuance of 喚起 compared to synonyms like 惹起 (jakki). While 喚起 is often neutral or positive (evoking interest, memories, or attention), 惹起 is almost always used for bringing about negative consequences like trouble or disaster. At this level, you should also be comfortable using the passive form 喚起される (to be evoked). For example, 'A sense of nostalgia was evoked by the old townscape.' You can also use it in more complex grammatical structures, such as '喚起を促す' (to urge the calling forth of attention/interest). This level of precision is what distinguishes a B2 learner. You are no longer just communicating basic ideas; you are choosing words that carry specific weight and professional tone.
At the C1 level, your mastery of 喚起 (kanki) includes an appreciation for its rhetorical power. You understand that 喚起 is often used by leaders, activists, and intellectuals to shift public consciousness. It appears in high-level discourse regarding 'raising awareness' (意識喚起) for social justice, human rights, or economic reform. You can differentiate between the subtle psychological evocation of a memory and the broad social arousal of public opinion. In a business context, you might use it to describe 'stimulating innovation' (イノベーションを喚起する). You are also sensitive to the 'weight' of the word; you know that using it in an informal setting might be perceived as ironic or overly intellectual. Your understanding of its etymology—喚 (to shout/summon) and 起 (to rise)—helps you grasp why it is such a dynamic word. It’s not a passive occurrence; it’s an active 'calling up.' You can also use it in its various compound forms, such as 注意喚起文書 (a document for calling attention/warning). At this level, you can use 喚起 to describe the complex interplay between a stimulus and a response in both psychological and sociological frameworks, making your Japanese sound sophisticated and precise.
For a C2 learner, 喚起 (kanki) is a tool for nuanced expression in the highest registers of the Japanese language. You use it with complete naturalness in academic lectures, legal arguments, or high-stakes business negotiations. You understand its role in the 'kango' (Sino-Japanese) lexicon as a term that provides a clear, conceptual handle on the process of evocation. You might use it to discuss the 'evocative power' (喚起力 - kankiryoku) of a particular dialect or a historical symbol. You are also fully aware of its historical and literary connotations, recognizing it in Meiji-era texts or modern philosophical treatises. You can seamlessly switch between 喚起 and its more obscure synonyms like 惹起 (jakki) or 胚胎 (haitai) depending on the exact nuance of 'bringing something into being' that you wish to convey. Your usage is characterized by perfect collocation: you know exactly which abstract nouns pair most effectively with 喚起 to achieve the desired rhetorical effect. Whether you are discussing the 'arousal of nationalistic sentiment' or the 'evocation of a lost era' in a novel, your use of 喚起 reflects a deep, intuitive understanding of the Japanese mental and linguistic landscape. You are not just using a word; you are wielding a concept that bridges the gap between the external world and the internal mind.

喚起 en 30 secondes

  • 唤起 (kanki) means to evoke, arouse, or call forth abstract concepts like attention, interest, or memories.
  • It is a formal suru-verb commonly used in news, business, and academic contexts to describe psychological triggers.
  • The most frequent collocation is 'chūi-kanki' (注意喚起), which means to issue a warning or alert people to be careful.
  • Be careful not to confuse it with 'kanki' (換気), which means ventilation, or 'kanki' (歓喜), which means great joy.

The Japanese word 喚起 (kanki) is a sophisticated noun that functions as a suru-verb, predominantly used in formal, academic, or professional contexts. At its core, it translates to 'evocation,' 'arousal,' or 'calling forth.' Unlike the simple English verb 'to call,' 喚起 implies a process of awakening something that was dormant or bringing a specific state of mind into the forefront of consciousness. It is composed of two kanji: 喚 (kan), meaning to 'shout' or 'summon,' and 起 (ki), meaning to 'wake up' or 'rise.' Together, they describe the act of summoning something into existence or action. This word is most frequently paired with abstract nouns such as attention (注意), interest (関心), or memories (記憶). When a government issues a safety warning, they are performing chūi-kanki (注意喚起) — a formal 'calling for attention' to a potential danger. In literature or art, a specific scene might 'evoke' a sense of nostalgia, which is described as nosutarujia o kanki suru. It is important to distinguish this from physical 'calling' (like calling someone's name) or 'waking up' (like getting out of bed). 喚起 is strictly for psychological, emotional, or social triggers. It carries a nuance of intentionality; it is often a deliberate act designed to produce a specific reaction in an audience or a person. In the realm of marketing, a successful advertisement is one that can kōbaishoku o kanki suru (arouse the desire to buy). In a legal or political sense, it can refer to raising an issue that has been ignored. The breadth of this word covers everything from the subtle stirring of a childhood memory by the scent of a flower to the loud, public alarm raised by a city official regarding an impending storm. Understanding 喚起 requires recognizing that it is an 'active' word; it is the spark that starts the flame of awareness or emotion.

Formal Usage
Used in news reports, official documents, and academic papers to describe the stimulation of public awareness or scholarly interest.
Psychological Usage
Used to describe the process of memories or feelings being triggered by external stimuli like smells, sounds, or images.
Marketing & Business
Refers to the act of creating demand or interest in a product or service among a target demographic.

政府は国民に対して、感染症への注意を喚起した。
The government alerted (called for attention from) the public regarding the infectious disease.

この古い写真は、子供の頃の記憶を喚起させる。
This old photo evokes memories of my childhood.

彼のスピーチは聴衆の強い共感を喚起した。
His speech evoked strong empathy from the audience.

Using 喚起 (kanki) correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a noun and its verbal form kanki suru. In most cases, it follows the pattern [Object] + を + 喚起する. The object is almost always an abstract concept. You will rarely, if ever, see 喚起 used with physical objects like 'calling a dog' or 'waking up a person.' Instead, it is the 'spirit' or 'mind' that is being addressed. For example, in a corporate setting, a manager might say, 'We need to raise awareness about security,' which translates to Sekyuriti ni taisuru ishiki o kanki suru hitsuyō ga aru. Here, 'awareness' (ishiki) is the object being 'summoned' or 'aroused.' Another common structure is the compound noun chūi-kanki (注意喚起), which is used as a single unit meaning 'a warning' or 'an alert.' You will see this on signs near construction sites or in weather reports. In artistic and literary discussions, 喚起 is used to describe the effect of a work on its audience. 'The author's vivid descriptions evoke a sense of dread' would be Chosha no azayaka na byōsha ga kyōfu-kan o kanki suru. Notice how 喚起 elevates the register of the sentence; it sounds much more professional and precise than using simpler verbs like okosu (to cause) or tsutaeru (to convey). In passive contexts, you might see kanki sareru, as in 'Memories were evoked by the music' (Ongaku ni yotte kioku ga kanki sareta). This emphasizes the stimulus rather than the person feeling the emotion. When using 喚起, pay close attention to the particles. Use を (o) for the thing being evoked and に (ni) or に対して (ni taishite) for the target audience. For instance, Wakamono ni kanshin o kanki suru means 'to arouse interest in young people.' This word is a staple of the JLPT N1 and N2 levels, so mastering its collocations is key to sounding like an advanced speaker. It is particularly useful in persuasive writing, where you want to describe how your arguments will 'call forth' a change in the reader's perspective.

Collocation: Attention
注意を喚起する (Chūi o kanki suru) - To call for attention/to warn.
Collocation: Interest
関心を喚起する (Kanshin o kanki suru) - To arouse interest.
Collocation: Discussion
議論を喚起する (Giron o kanki suru) - To spark/provoke discussion.

新しいポスターは、環境問題への意識を喚起することを目的としている。
The new poster aims to raise awareness of environmental issues.

その事件は、社会全体に大きな論争を喚起した。
The incident sparked a major controversy throughout society.

In daily Japanese life, you might not hear 喚起 (kanki) in casual conversations with friends at a cafe, but you will encounter it constantly in the public sphere. One of the most common places is in public announcements (放送, hōsō). If you are at a train station during a period of high congestion or during a heatwave, the station staff or the automated system will issue a chūi-kanki (注意喚起). They might say, 'We are calling for your attention to prevent heatstroke' (Netchūshō ni go-chūi o kanki itashimasu). This sounds much more official and urgent than a simple 'Please be careful.' You will also see it in news headlines. When a new law is passed or a social issue arises, news anchors will talk about how the event has yoron o kanki shita (aroused public opinion). In the business world, 喚起 is a buzzword in marketing and strategy meetings. Professionals discuss how to senzai-teki na juyō o kanki suru (evoke latent demand) — essentially, how to make people want something they didn't even know they needed. If you visit a museum or an art gallery, the descriptions next to the paintings often use 喚起 to explain the artist's intent: 'This work evokes the loneliness of urban life' (Kono sakuhin wa toshi no kodoku o kanki saseru). In academic settings, professors use it to describe the impact of a theory or a historical event. For example, 'The French Revolution evoked similar movements across Europe.' In legal contexts, lawyers might 'call for' (喚起) a judge's attention to a specific piece of evidence or a precedent. Finally, in health and safety contexts, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic, the term chūi-kanki was everywhere — on posters in supermarkets, in government emails, and on television crawls. It serves as a formal signal that the listener needs to shift their mental state to one of alertness. Understanding this word helps you navigate the formal 'voice' of Japanese society, which relies heavily on such precise Sino-Japanese vocabulary (kango) to convey authority and clarity.

Public Safety
Hear it in station announcements and see it on warning signs regarding safety protocols.
News Media
Encounter it in articles discussing public debate, social awareness, and political movements.
Cultural Commentary
Used by critics to describe how films, books, or art evoke specific emotions or historical eras.

駅のアナウンス:「足元に注意を喚起いたします。」
Station announcement: "We call for your attention to your step."

ニュース:「この映画は、戦争の悲惨さを改めて喚起した。」
News: "This movie once again evoked the misery of war."

The most frequent mistake learners make with 喚起 (kanki) is confusing it with its homophones, particularly 換気 (kanki), which means 'ventilation.' While they sound identical in speech, they are written with completely different kanji and used in entirely different contexts. 換気 (ventilation) uses the kanji for 'exchange' (換) and 'air' (気). If you say you want to 'evoke' the air in a room, people might understand you meant 'ventilate,' but it would be a major linguistic slip-up. Another homophone is 歓喜 (kanki), which means 'great joy' or 'delight.' This is written with the kanji for 'pleasure' (歓) and 'joy' (喜). Confusing 'calling for attention' with 'great joy' can lead to very strange sentences in a business or emergency context. To avoid this, always remember the kanji for 'shout' (喚) in 喚起. Another common error is using 喚起 for physical actions. You cannot 喚起 your friend to wake them up from a nap; for that, you use okosu. You also cannot 喚起 a taxi; for that, you use yobu (to call). 喚起 is reserved for abstract things like attention, interest, and memory. Furthermore, learners sometimes struggle with the level of formality. Using 喚起 in a very casual setting, like telling a friend 'Your shirt evokes a sense of summer,' might sound overly dramatic or stiff. In such cases, omoidasu (reminds me of) or kanjiru (feel) would be more natural. Finally, there is the issue of particle usage. Some learners use に (ni) instead of を (o) for the object being evoked. Remember: [Thing being evoked] を 喚起する. If you want to say 'evoke interest in students,' it is gakusei NO kanshin o kanki suru or gakusei NI kanshin o kanki suru (arouse interest in the students), but the 'interest' itself must be the direct object of the verb. Mastery of 喚起 involves not just knowing the definition, but respecting its boundaries as a formal, abstract, and highly specific term.

Homophone Alert: 換気
Means ventilation. Written as 換気. Used for opening windows to let air in.
Homophone Alert: 歓喜
Means great joy. Written as 歓喜. Used for celebrations or extreme happiness.
Physical vs. Abstract
Never use 喚起 to wake someone up physically. It is only for 'awakening' thoughts or feelings.

❌ 窓を開けて部屋を喚起しましょう。
Incorrect: Let's 'evoke' the room by opening the window. (Should be 換気 - ventilation)

✅ 窓を開けて部屋を換気しましょう。
Correct: Let's ventilate the room by opening the window.

While 喚起 (kanki) is a powerful word, Japanese offers several alternatives depending on the nuance you want to convey. A very close synonym is 惹起 (jakki). While 喚起 focuses on 'calling forth' something positive or neutral like interest or memories, 惹起 usually refers to 'bringing about' or 'causing' something negative, like a problem, a crisis, or a scandal. For example, 'The policy caused a riot' would use 惹起. Another similar word is 誘発 (yuuhatsu), which means 'to trigger' or 'to induce.' This is often used in medical or scientific contexts, like 'The medicine induced a side effect.' 誘発 implies a cause-and-effect chain reaction. If you want a more general word for 'stimulating' or 'inspiring,' 刺激 (shigeki) is your best bet. 刺激 is much more common in daily life and can be used for physical sensations (spicy food stimulating the tongue) as well as mental ones (a book stimulating the mind). For specifically 'reminding' someone of something, 想起 (sōki) is used. 想起 is more about the internal process of remembering, whereas 喚起 is about the external stimulus that makes you remember. If a teacher asks you to 'recall' a fact, they might use 想起. In literary contexts, you might see 彷彿 (hōfutsu), often used in the phrase '彷彿とさせる' (hōfutsu to saseru), which means 'to vividly bring to mind' or 'to be reminiscent of.' This is more poetic than 喚起. Lastly, for the specific meaning of 'calling for attention,' the word 警告 (keikoku) or 'warning' is much stronger and more direct. While 喚起 (kanki) 'calls for' attention, 警告 (keikoku) 'warns' of danger. Choosing the right word depends on whether you are focusing on the stimulus (喚起), the negative result (惹起), the trigger mechanism (誘発), the physical sensation (刺激), or the internal memory (想起). Mastering these distinctions allows for much more nuanced and accurate Japanese communication.

惹起 (Jakki)
To cause or provoke, usually something negative like a disaster or conflict.
誘発 (Yuuhatsu)
To trigger or induce a reaction, often used in scientific or technical contexts.
想起 (Sōki)
To recall or recollect; focuses on the act of remembering rather than the stimulus.

彼の不注意な発言が、大きな混乱を惹起した。
His careless remark caused (provoked) great confusion.

この香りは、故郷の風景を想起させる。
This scent makes me recall the scenery of my hometown.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The kanji 喚 contains the 'mouth' radical (口), emphasizing the act of shouting or calling out. The kanji 起 contains the 'run' radical (走), suggesting movement or rising up.

Guide de prononciation

UK kaɴki
US kanki
Heiban (Flat) pitch accent. The pitch stays relatively level throughout the word.
Rime avec
歓喜 (Kanki - Joy) 換気 (Kanki - Ventilation) 寒気 (Kanki - Cold air) 短期 (Tanki - Short term) 暗記 (Anki - Memorization) 延期 (Enki - Postponement) 乾季 (Kanki - Dry season) 登記 (Tōki - Registration)
Erreurs fréquentes
  • Pronouncing it like 'kanky' (rhyming with cranky). It should end with a sharp 'ee' sound.
  • Confusing the pitch accent with 'kanki' (ventilation), though they are often both heiban.
  • Over-nasalizing the 'n' so it sounds like 'kang'.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 4/5

The kanji 喚 is not very common in daily life outside of this specific word.

Écriture 4/5

唤 involves many strokes and the mouth radical, making it tricky for beginners.

Expression orale 3/5

Easy to pronounce, but knowing when to use it requires a good sense of register.

Écoute 4/5

Homophones like 換気 and 歓喜 can cause confusion without context.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

注意 (Attention) 記憶 (Memory) 関心 (Interest) 起きる (To rise) 呼ぶ (To call)

Apprends ensuite

惹起 (Provocation) 想起 (Recollection) 誘発 (Trigger) 啓発 (Enlightenment) 醸成 (Cultivation)

Avancé

胚胎 (Gestation/Origin) 髣髴 (Reminiscent) 顕在化 (Becoming apparent) 啓蒙 (Illumination/Education)

Grammaire à connaître

Suru-Verbs (N+する)

注意を喚起する (To call for attention).

Causative Form (~させる)

記憶を喚起させる (To make someone evoke memories).

Passive Form (~される)

強い関心が喚起された (Strong interest was aroused).

Noun Modification (V-dictionary + N)

興味を喚起するポスター (A poster that arouses interest).

Formal Object Particle (を)

世論を喚起する (To stir public opinion).

Exemples par niveau

1

先生は注意を喚起した。

The teacher called for attention.

Simple [Subject] は [Object] を 喚起した structure.

2

このポスターは注意を喚起する。

This poster calls for attention.

Using a noun (poster) as the subject that performs the action.

3

駅で注意を喚起する声が聞こえる。

I hear a voice calling for attention at the station.

喚起 is used here as part of a longer sentence describing an event.

4

危ないから注意を喚起する。

It's dangerous, so I will call for attention.

Connecting a reason (abunai kara) with the action.

5

みんなに注意を喚起しましょう。

Let's call for everyone's attention.

Using the volitional form (~mashō) to suggest an action.

6

ニュースが注意を喚起している。

The news is calling for attention (giving a warning).

Present continuous form (~shite iru) showing an ongoing warning.

7

手洗いの注意を喚起する。

Call for attention to hand washing.

Specifying the type of attention (hand washing) using the particle 'no'.

8

火の用心を喚起する。

Call for attention to fire safety.

Using a specific cultural phrase (hi no yōjin) as the object.

1

この写真は昔の記憶を喚起する。

This photo evokes old memories.

Introducing 'memory' (kioku) as an object for kanki.

2

市長は市民に節水を喚起した。

The mayor urged the citizens to save water.

Using [Person] に [Action] を 喚起した to show who is being addressed.

3

面白い本は読者の関心を喚起する。

An interesting book arouses the reader's interest.

Using 'interest' (kanshin) as the abstract object.

4

冬は火災への注意を喚起する必要がある。

In winter, it is necessary to call for attention to fires.

Using 'hitsuyō ga aru' (there is a need) with the verb phrase.

5

その映画は感動を喚起した。

That movie evoked deep emotion.

Using 'emotion' (kandō) as the result of the evocation.

6

彼はみんなのやる気を喚起させた。

He aroused everyone's motivation.

Using the causative form (~saseta) to show someone making others feel something.

7

看板がドライバーに注意を喚起している。

The sign is alerting drivers to be careful.

The subject is an inanimate object (kanban) performing the action.

8

この味は子供の頃を喚起させる。

This taste brings back (evokes) childhood.

Using 'childhood' (kodomo no koro) as the conceptual object.

1

広告の目的は消費者の購買意欲を喚起することだ。

The purpose of advertising is to arouse the consumer's desire to buy.

Using 'kōbai iyoku' (desire to purchase) - a common business term.

2

その演説は国民の愛国心を喚起した。

The speech aroused the patriotism of the citizens.

Using 'aikokushin' (patriotism) as the object.

3

新しい技術が人々の好奇心を喚起している。

New technology is arousing people's curiosity.

Using 'kōkishin' (curiosity) as the abstract object.

4

彼は議論を喚起するために、あえて反対意見を言った。

He deliberately stated an opposing opinion to spark discussion.

Using 'tame ni' (in order to) to show purpose.

5

この音楽は異国の風景を喚起させる力がある。

This music has the power to evoke foreign landscapes.

Using 'chikara ga aru' (has the power) to describe the verb's effect.

6

警察はSNSでの詐欺について注意を喚起した。

The police called for attention regarding scams on social media.

Specifying the topic with 'ni tsuite' (about).

7

環境保護への意識を喚起するキャンペーンが始まった。

A campaign to raise awareness for environmental protection has started.

Using 喚起 as a modifier for the noun 'campaign'.

8

その小説は読者の想像力を強く喚起する。

The novel strongly arouses the reader's imagination.

Using 'sōzō-ryoku' (imagination) as the object.

1

この事件は、法改正の必要性を改めて喚起した。

This incident once again called attention to the necessity of law reform.

Using 'necessity' (hitsuuyō-sei) as the object.

2

作者は、この描写によって読者の恐怖心を喚起しようとしている。

The author is trying to evoke fear in the reader through this description.

Using the volitional form + to shite iru (trying to).

3

企業の不祥事が、消費者の不信感を喚起してしまった。

The corporate scandal unfortunately aroused consumer distrust.

Using '~te shimatta' to show a negative, unintentional result.

4

政府はインフレへの警戒を喚起するために、声明を発表した。

The government issued a statement to call for vigilance against inflation.

Using 'vigilance' (keikai) as the object.

5

彼の沈黙は、周囲の不安を喚起するのに十分だった。

His silence was enough to arouse anxiety in those around him.

Using 'noni jūbun datta' (was enough to).

6

この香りは、忘れかけていた情熱を喚起させてくれる。

This scent evokes a passion I had almost forgotten.

Using '~te kureru' to show the scent is doing something beneficial for the speaker.

7

そのデザインは、未来的なイメージを強く喚起する。

The design strongly evokes a futuristic image.

Using 'image' (imēji) as the object.

8

地域住民の連帯感を喚起するためのイベントを開催する。

We will hold an event to arouse a sense of solidarity among local residents.

Using 'sense of solidarity' (rentai-kan) as the object.

1

この論文は、既存のパラダイムに対する疑問を喚起している。

This paper arouses doubts regarding the existing paradigm.

Using 'doubts' (gimon) in an academic context.

2

伝統芸能の保存に向けた世論の喚起が急務である。

Arousing public opinion toward the preservation of traditional arts is an urgent task.

Using 喚起 as a noun in a formal 'A is B' structure.

3

その建築家は、空間を通じて沈黙と瞑想を喚起しようと試みた。

The architect attempted to evoke silence and meditation through the space.

Using multiple objects (silence and meditation).

4

不況下において、いかにして新規需要を喚起するかが課題だ。

In a recession, the challenge is how to arouse new demand.

Using 'ika ni shite' (how to) to frame a problem.

5

この詩は、言葉の響きだけで深い哀愁を喚起する力作だ。

This poem is a masterpiece that evokes deep melancholy just through the sound of the words.

Using 'melancholy' (aishū) as the object.

6

彼はその発言がどのような波紋を喚起するか、予測していたはずだ。

He must have predicted what kind of ripple effect his statement would arouse.

Using 'ripple effect' (hamon) metaphorically.

7

歴史の教訓を喚起し、同じ過ちを繰り返さないようにしなければならない。

We must evoke the lessons of history and ensure we do not repeat the same mistakes.

Using 'lessons of history' (rekishi no kyōkun) as the object.

8

そのブランドは、洗練されたライフスタイルを喚起するイメージ戦略をとっている。

The brand employs an image strategy that evokes a sophisticated lifestyle.

Using 喚起 as a modifier for 'image strategy'.

1

法廷での彼の証言は、裁判員の良心を喚起するに足るものであった。

His testimony in court was sufficient to arouse the conscience of the jurors.

Using 'ni taru' (sufficient to).

2

記号論において、特定の符号がいかなる意味作用を喚起するかは重要な論点だ。

In semiotics, what kind of signification a specific sign evokes is a crucial point of debate.

Highly technical academic usage involving semiotics.

3

その演出は、観客の内面に潜む根源的な恐怖を喚起することに成功した。

The production succeeded in evoking the primal fear lurking within the audience.

Using 'lurking within' (naimen ni hisomu) to qualify the object.

4

国家的な危機に際し、国民の帰属意識を喚起する言説が強まっている。

In the face of a national crisis, discourse aimed at arousing a sense of belonging among the citizens is intensifying.

Using 'sense of belonging' (kizoku ishiki) and 'discourse' (gensetsu).

5

この哲学書は、存在そのものに対する驚愕を喚起する深遠な問いを投げかけている。

This philosophical book poses profound questions that evoke astonishment regarding existence itself.

Using 'astonishment' (kyōgaku) and 'existence itself' (sonzai sono mono).

6

外交交渉において、相手国の譲歩を喚起するための高度な駆け引きが行われた。

In diplomatic negotiations, high-level maneuvering was conducted to elicit (arouse) concessions from the other country.

Using 'concessions' (jōho) in a strategic context.

7

ポストモダンの文脈において、過去の様式を引用することは、歴史的な重層性を喚起する手法である。

In the postmodern context, quoting past styles is a method to evoke historical multilayeredness.

Using 'historical multilayeredness' (rekishiteki jūsō-sei).

8

彼女の沈黙は、雄弁な言葉よりも雄弁に、真実への渇望を喚起した。

Her silence, more eloquent than eloquent words, aroused a thirst for the truth.

Using a paradoxical comparison (silence more eloquent than words).

Synonymes

誘発 刺激 招来 惹起

Antonymes

抑制 抑圧 忘却

Collocations courantes

注意を喚起する
関心を喚起する
記憶を喚起する
需要を喚起する
議論を喚起する
共感を喚起する
想像力を喚起する
警戒を喚起する
世論を喚起する
危機感を喚起する

Phrases Courantes

注意喚起

— A noun meaning 'alert' or 'warning.' Used as a fixed term in announcements.

警察から注意喚起が出された。

意識喚起

— Raising awareness about a specific issue.

がん検診の意識喚起を行う。

記憶喚起

— The act of evoking or recalling memories.

記憶喚起のトリガーとなる香り。

需要喚起策

— Measures or policies intended to stimulate economic demand.

政府は需要喚起策を打ち出した。

論争を喚起する

— To spark or stir up a controversy or debate.

その発言は新たな論争を喚起した。

興味を喚起する

— To pique or arouse someone's interest.

導入部で生徒の興味を喚起する。

意欲を喚起する

— To motivate or arouse the will to do something.

学習意欲を喚起する工夫が必要だ。

感情を喚起する

— To stir up or evoke emotions.

音楽は豊かな感情を喚起する。

反響を喚起する

— To cause a response or reaction from the public.

その記事は大きな反響を喚起した。

警戒心の喚起

— Arousing a sense of vigilance or caution.

犯罪防止のため警戒心の喚起を図る。

Souvent confondu avec

喚起 vs 換気 (Kanki)

Ventilation. Used for air exchange in a room. Extremely common in winter and during health crises.

喚起 vs 歓喜 (Kanki)

Great joy. Used for celebrations or moments of extreme happiness.

喚起 vs 寒気 (Kanki)

Cold air or a chill. Used when talking about the weather or feeling sick.

Expressions idiomatiques

"注意を喚起する"

— To ring the alarm bell or call for attention.

彼はその問題の危険性に注意を喚起した。

Formal
"波紋を喚起する"

— To cause a ripple effect of reaction or controversy.

彼の辞任は政界に波紋を喚起した。

Formal
"眠れる獅子を喚起する"

— To wake a sleeping lion (to provoke a powerful dormant force).

不用意な発言が眠れる獅子を喚起してしまった。

Literary
"郷愁を喚起する"

— To evoke a sense of nostalgia or homesickness.

夕焼けの空が郷愁を喚起する。

Literary
"食欲を喚起する"

— To whet the appetite (often used for smells or visuals).

カレーの香りが食欲を喚起する。

Neutral
"好奇心を喚起する"

— To spark curiosity.

その謎めいた箱はみんなの好奇心を喚起した。

Neutral
"危機意識を喚起する"

— To ring the warning bell about a coming crisis.

報道はもっと危機意識を喚起すべきだ。

Formal
"購買欲を喚起する"

— To trigger the urge to buy.

限定品という言葉が購買欲を喚起する。

Business
"連帯意識を喚起する"

— To foster a sense of unity or solidarity.

共通の敵が国民の連帯意識を喚起した。

Formal
"美的感受性を喚起する"

— To awaken one's aesthetic sensibilities.

芸術教育は美的感受性を喚起する。

Academic

Facile à confondre

喚起 vs 惹起 (Jakki)

Both mean to 'bring about' or 'arouse' something.

喚起 is usually neutral or positive (memories, interest). 惹起 is almost exclusively used for negative events (trouble, scandal, disaster).

戦争を惹起する (to provoke war) vs. 関心を喚起する (to arouse interest).

喚起 vs 誘発 (Yuuhatsu)

Both involve triggering a response.

誘発 is more about a mechanical or biological chain reaction (triggering a symptom). 喚起 is more psychological or social.

発作を誘発する (to trigger a seizure).

喚起 vs 想起 (Sōki)

Both relate to memory.

想起 is the act of the mind retrieving a memory. 喚起 is the act of an external thing bringing that memory to the mind.

単語を想起する (to recall a word).

喚起 vs 刺激 (Shigeki)

Both mean stimulate.

刺激 is broad and can be physical (spicy food). 喚起 is abstract and formal.

肌を刺激する (to irritate the skin).

喚起 vs 啓発 (Keihatsu)

Both relate to raising awareness.

啓発 involves education and enlightenment over time. 喚起 is a more immediate 'call' to attention or feeling.

自己啓発 (self-improvement/enlightenment).

Structures de phrases

A2

[Noun] は [Abstract Noun] を喚起する。

この歌は思い出を喚起する。

B1

[Person] は [Target] に [Object] を喚起した。

警察は市民に注意を喚起した。

B2

[Object] を喚起するために、[Action] を行う。

関心を喚起するために、イベントを行う。

C1

[Object] の喚起が急務である。

危機意識の喚起が急務である。

C2

[Object] を喚起するに足る [Reason]。

彼の熱意は、周囲の協力を喚起するに足るものだった。

B1

[Object] を喚起させる [Noun]。

食欲を喚起させる匂い。

B2

[Object] が [Stimulus] によって喚起される。

古い記憶が写真によって喚起される。

C1

[Object] を喚起しようと試みる。

彼は新たな議論を喚起しようと試みた。

Famille de mots

Noms

喚起 (Kanki - Evocation)
喚起力 (Kankiryoku - Evocative power)
注意喚起 (Chūi-kanki - Alert)

Verbes

喚起する (Kanki suru - To evoke)
喚起される (Kanki sareru - To be evoked)

Adjectifs

喚起的な (Kankiteki na - Evocative)

Apparenté

喚ぶ (Yobu - To call/summon)
起きる (Okiru - To wake up/rise)
惹起 (Jakki - Provocation)
想起 (Sōki - Recollection)
刺激 (Shigeki - Stimulus)

Comment l'utiliser

frequency

High in formal contexts, medium in general media.

Erreurs courantes
  • Using 喚起 to wake someone up physically. 母を喚起した (Wrong) -> 母を起こした (Correct).

    喚起 is for abstract concepts, not physical bodies.

  • Confusing 喚起 with 換気 in writing. 部屋を喚起する (Wrong) -> 部屋を換気する (Correct).

    You ventilate (換気) a room; you evoke (喚起) a feeling.

  • Using the wrong particle with the target. 学生を関心を喚起する (Wrong) -> 学生の関心を喚起する (Correct).

    Use 'no' to show whose interest is being aroused, or 'ni' for the target of attention.

  • Using 喚起 for calling a person's name. 名前を喚起する (Wrong) -> 名前を呼ぶ (Correct).

    唤起 is for 'summoning a concept,' not calling a name.

  • Using 喚起 in a very casual, slangy way. この服、夏を喚起するね (Too stiff) -> この服、夏っぽいね (Natural).

    喚起 is a formal word. Using it in casual talk sounds unnatural.

Astuces

Use with Abstract Nouns

Always pair 喚起 with words like attention, interest, or memory. It doesn't work with physical objects.

Learn the Homophones

Remember 喚起 (evoke), 換気 (ventilate), and 歓喜 (joy) are all pronounced 'kanki'.

Register Awareness

Use 喚起 in emails, reports, and speeches to sound professional. Avoid it in very casual texts.

Station Announcements

Listen for 'chūi-kanki' at Japanese train stations. It's a great way to hear the word in the wild.

Compound Nouns

In formal writing, compound nouns like '意識喚起' (awareness raising) are very common.

Shout to Wake

The kanji 喚 means shout and 起 means wake. It's a 'shout to wake' feelings or thoughts.

Public Safety

Whenever you see a warning sign, look for the characters 喚起. It's the standard for 'alert'.

Neutral Tone

Unlike '惹起' (provoke trouble), 喚起 is usually a neutral or helpful act.

Kanji Recognition

Focus on the 'mouth' radical in 喚. It tells you someone is 'calling' or 'shouting'.

Causative Form

Using '喚起させる' (make something evoke) is very common in literary criticism.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of a 'CAN' (Kan) of soda being opened to 'KICK' (Ki) your brain awake. You are calling the energy out of the can!

Association visuelle

Imagine a giant megaphone (唤) shouting at a sleeping brain (起) to wake it up and pay attention.

Word Web

Attention Memory Interest Warning Evocation Arousal Shout Rise

Défi

Try to use 喚起 in a sentence about your favorite movie. What does it evoke (kanki) in you? Nostalgia? Excitement?

Origine du mot

喚起 is a Sino-Japanese word (kango). 喚 (kan) means to 'shout,' 'call,' or 'summon.' 起 (ki) means to 'wake up,' 'rise,' or 'start.'

Sens originel : The original meaning in Classical Chinese was to literally shout someone awake or summon them to rise.

Sino-Japanese (Kango).

Contexte culturel

It is a neutral, formal word. No specific sensitivities, but using it in casual speech can make you sound like a textbook or a politician.

In English, we often use 'raise awareness' or 'remind,' but 喚起 is more formal and specific, similar to 'evoke' in academic writing.

Used in legal documents regarding the 'duty to warn' (注意喚起義務). Commonly found in the titles of marketing seminars: 'How to arouse consumer interest.' Frequently used in Japanese translations of Marcel Proust's 'In Search of Lost Time' regarding the evocation of memory.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Public Service Announcements

  • 注意を喚起する
  • 警戒を喚起する
  • 意識を高める
  • 周知徹底を図る

Art and Literature Criticism

  • 記憶を喚起する
  • 情感を喚起する
  • 想像力を刺激する
  • 時代背景を彷彿とさせる

Business and Marketing

  • 需要を喚起する
  • 購買意欲を高める
  • ターゲットの関心を引く
  • 市場を活性化させる

Psychology and Science

  • 反応を喚起する
  • 刺激を与える
  • 深層心理に働きかける
  • 想起を促す

Legal and News Reports

  • 論争を喚起する
  • 世論を動かす
  • 警鐘を鳴らす
  • 問題を提起する

Amorces de conversation

"この曲を聴くと、どんな記憶が喚起されますか? (What memories does this song evoke?)"

"最近、何か注意を喚起されたニュースはありますか? (Is there any news recently that called for your attention?)"

"どうすれば若者の選挙への関心を喚起できると思いますか? (How do you think we can arouse young people's interest in elections?)"

"この絵は、あなたにどのような感情を喚起しますか? (What kind of emotions does this painting evoke in you?)"

"新しいiPhoneの広告は、あなたの購買意欲を喚起しましたか? (Did the new iPhone ad arouse your desire to buy?)"

Sujets d'écriture

昔の写真を整理していて、喚起された思い出について書いてください。 (Write about the memories evoked while organizing old photos.)

社会問題に対して、もっと注意を喚起すべきだと思うことは何ですか? (What social issues do you think more attention should be called to?)

あなたの「やる気」を喚起するものは何ですか? (What is it that arouses your motivation?)

旅行中に見た景色が喚起した感情を詳しく説明してください。 (Describe in detail the emotions evoked by a landscape you saw during a trip.)

「注意喚起」の看板を見て、助かった経験はありますか? (Have you ever been helped by seeing a 'warning' sign?)

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

No, 喚起 is strictly for abstract things like emotions, memories, and attention. You cannot use it to wake up a person physically or call a taxi. Use 'okosu' for waking people and 'yobu' for calling taxis.

Context is key. If you are indoors and someone mentions 'kanki' while looking at a window, it's 'ventilation' (換気). If you are listening to the news or a warning announcement, it's 'evocation/alert' (喚起).

You will see it daily on signs (注意喚起) and in the news, but you won't use it much in casual chats with friends. It's a 'Level 2' or 'Level 3' word for social and professional life.

Yes, but usually it's for 'calling attention' to a negative thing. If you want to say something 'caused' a negative event, '惹起' (jakki) is more common.

Definitely '注意を喚起する' (chūi o kanki suru), which means to alert or warn people.

Not exactly. It means 'to make someone remember' or 'to bring a memory to mind.' It describes the stimulus, not just the act of remembering.

Yes, very often. '需要喚起' (stimulating demand) is a standard business term for making people want to buy products.

Yes, but it's usually part of a compound like '注意喚起' or followed by the verb 'する'.

刺激 (shigeki) is 'stimulation' in a general sense, including physical sensations. 喚起 (kanki) is 'evocation' in a more formal, mental sense.

Yes, it is typically associated with the JLPT N2 and N1 levels.

Teste-toi 180 questions

writing

Write a formal sentence using 喚起 to warn citizens about a storm.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Translate: 'This song evokes old memories.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write a sentence using '需要喚起' in a business context.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Translate: 'The news raised awareness of environmental issues.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write a sentence about how a painting evokes an emotion.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Translate: 'We must spark a discussion about this problem.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Use the causative form: 'The scent made me evoke my childhood.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Translate: 'The police issued an alert about scams.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write a sentence using '世論を喚起する'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Translate: 'His speech aroused the audience's curiosity.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write a sentence using 喚起 in a legal context.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Translate: 'Is there a need to raise vigilance?'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write a sentence about 'stimulating appetite'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Translate: 'The novel evokes the reader's imagination.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write a sentence using '意識喚起'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Translate: 'The incident provoked a sense of crisis.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write a sentence using the passive '喚起される'.

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Translate: 'The brand evokes a sophisticated lifestyle.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write a sentence about 'arousing patriotism'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Translate: 'The architect attempted to evoke silence.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Pronounce 喚起 (kanki) correctly. Is the pitch accent high or flat?

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Say 'Call for attention' in formal Japanese.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

How would you tell a group to be careful during a heatwave using kanki?

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Describe a song's effect using kanki.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Say 'Arouse consumer interest' in a business meeting.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

How do you explain 'chūi-kanki' to a beginner?

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Ask someone what a movie evoked in them.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Say 'We want to spark a discussion.'

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Warn about a scam on the phone formally.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Describe an evocative design.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Say 'Raise awareness about safety.'

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Use kanki in a sentence about a historical event.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Explain the difference between 喚起 and 換気 aloud.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Say 'Evoke a sense of crisis.'

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Say 'Stir public opinion' in a political context.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Describe a smell that makes you hungry using kanki.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Say 'It is sufficient to arouse one's conscience.'

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Say 'Evocative power of words.'

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Say 'Call for alertness.'

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

Say 'Reminiscent of childhood.'

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen to the context: 'Please open the window for kanki.' Which kanki is it?

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen to the context: 'The station announcement says kanki regarding the wet floor.' Which kanki is it?

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen to the context: 'The fans screamed in kanki when the goal was scored.' Which kanki is it?

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen to the context: 'The winter kanki is very strong today.' Which kanki is it?

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

In the phrase 'Kioku o kanki suru,' what does kanki mean?

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

In the phrase 'Chūi o kanki suru,' what does kanki mean?

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

What is being stimulated in 'Juyō o kanki suru'?

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

What is being raised in 'Ishiki o kanki suru'?

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

What is being sparked in 'Giron o kanki suru'?

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

If you hear 'kankiryoku,' what is being discussed?

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

/ 180 correct

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