B1 · मध्यवर्ती चैप्टर 34

Future, Conditional, and Polite Forms

9 कुल नियम
94 उदाहरण
9 मिनट
इस अध्याय के नियम त्वरित अभ्यास

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Unlock the power of possibility and future planning in Portuguese.

  • Express polite requests and hypothetical desires.
  • Conjugate essential future and conditional tense verbs.
  • Navigate social scenarios involving future plans and invitations.
Speak with grace, plan with confidence.

तुम क्या सीखोगे

Use the conditional for polite requests, the future tense, and master key irregular forms.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Use 'Gostaria' and 'Poderia' to make polite requests in a cafe setting.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Conjugate irregular verbs like 'Fazer' and 'Dizer' in the future tense.

अध्याय गाइड

Overview

This chapter is your gateway to expressing future plans, polite requests, and hypothetical situations in Portuguese. Mastering the future and conditional tenses, along with specific polite forms, is crucial for B1 learners to communicate with greater nuance and naturalness. You'll move beyond simple present and past tenses, gaining the ability to discuss possibilities, make soft suggestions, and convey respect in your interactions.
By the end of this chapter, you will be able to confidently talk about what you will do (e.g., using the future of 'Poder', 'Dizer', 'Querer', and 'Fazer'), what you would like or would do (e.g., using 'Gostaria', 'Poderia', and regular conditional verbs), and even discuss life-changing events like getting married with appropriate verb forms. This knowledge will significantly enhance your ability to engage in more complex and sophisticated conversations.
You will learn the structure of regular future and conditional verbs, and conquer key irregular forms that are frequently used in daily conversation. The emphasis on polite forms like Gostaria and Poderia will also equip you to navigate social interactions with greater ease and cultural appropriateness, making your Portuguese sound much more native.

How This Grammar Works

The future and conditional tenses in Portuguese are built upon similar structures, often using the infinitive form of the verb as their base, with specific endings added. Many verbs, however, have irregular stems that need to be memorized. Politeness is often embedded within these tenses.
Polite Requests & Suggestions (Gostaria, Poderia):
For polite requests, the conditional tense is frequently used.
Gostaria de: 'I would like to'

Ex: Eu gostaria de um café, por favor. (I would like a coffee, please.)

Ex: Você gostaria de vir conosco? (Would you like to come with us?)

Poderia: 'Could you' or 'I/one could' (conditional of 'Poder')

Ex: Você poderia me ajudar? (Could you help me?)

Ex: Nós poderíamos ir mais tarde. (We could go later.)

Getting Married in Portuguese (Casar-se):
The verb 'casar' (to marry) is typically used reflexively as 'casar-se' (to get married).

Ex: Ela vai se casar no próximo ano. (She is going to get married next year.)

Ex: Eles se casariam se tivessem dinheiro. (They would get married if they had money.)

Portuguese Conditional: Regular -er Verbs (I would eat...):
For regular -er verbs, remove the -er and add the conditional endings to the *infinitive* (the full verb).
For 'você'/'ele'/'ela': infinitive + -ia

Ex: Você comeria um bolo agora? (Would you eat a cake now?) (Comer -> Comeria)

Ex: Ele viveria na praia se pudesse. (He would live on the beach if he could.) (Viver -> Viveria)

Future of 'Poder': Saying 'Will Be Able To':
The verb 'Poder' (to be able to) has an irregular future stem: 'poder-'. The endings are added to this stem.
For 'você'/'ele'/'ela': poder- + -á

Ex: Você poderá falar com ele amanhã. (You will be able to speak with him tomorrow.)

Saying 'Will Say' in Portuguese (Dizer Future):
The verb 'Dizer' (to say/tell) has an irregular future stem: 'dir-'.
For 'você'/'ele'/'ela': dir- + -á

Ex: Você dirá a verdade? (Will you tell the truth?)

Future Intentions: 'Will Want' (Querer no Futuro):
The verb 'Querer' (to want) has an irregular future stem: 'querer-'.
For 'você'/'ele'/'ela': querer- + -á

Ex: Você quererá um carro novo? (Will you want a new car?)

Portuguese Conditional: Would (-ir verbs):
For regular -ir verbs, add the conditional endings to the *infinitive* (the full verb).
For 'você'/'ele'/'ela': infinitive + -ia

Ex: Você abriria a janela para mim? (Would you open the window for me?) (Abrir -> Abriria)

Ex: Ele partiria amanhã se pudesse. (He would leave tomorrow if he could.) (Partir -> Partiria)

The Conditional Tense: Politeness & Hypotheticals (-ia):
The conditional tense is formed by adding -ia, -ias, -ia, -íamos, -íeis, -iam to the infinitive of most verbs. It's used for polite requests, what would happen in a hypothetical situation, or what would be true.

Ex: Eu viajaria se tivesse tempo. (I would travel if I had time.)

Ex: Você me ajudaria com isso? (Would you help me with this?)

Irregular Future: Fazer (To do -> I will do):
The verb 'Fazer' (to do/make) has an irregular future stem: 'far-'.
For 'você'/'ele'/'ela': far- + -á

Ex: Você fará o jantar hoje? (Will you make dinner today?)

Common Mistakes

✗ Você gostaria fazer um sanduíche?
✓ Você gostaria *de* fazer um sanduíche?
Why: 'Gostaria' when followed by an infinitive requires the preposition 'de'.
✗ Ele vai casar ela no sábado.
✓ Ele vai *se* casar no sábado. / Ele vai casar *com* ela no sábado.
Why: 'Casar-se' means 'to get married'. If you're marrying someone else, it's 'casar com alguém'. The reflexive 'se' is essential for 'to get married'.
✗ Eu faria o almoço, mas não tenho tempo. (Attempting to use future 'fazer' in conditional)
✓ Eu *faria* o almoço, mas não tenho tempo. (This is correct for conditional 'fazer' – the stem is 'far-' for both future and conditional, but the mistake here is confusing the use or conjugation of the stem. Let's rephrase for clarity regarding irregular stems).
✗ Ele dizirá a verdade. (Using regular ending for irregular stem)
✓ Ele *dirá* a verdade.
Why: The future stem for 'dizer' is 'dir-', not 'diz-'.
✗ Você pode me emprestar seu carro? (Asking impolitely)
✓ Você *poderia* me emprestar seu carro?
Why: 'Poderia' (conditional) is much more polite than 'pode' (present) for a request.
✗ Eu faço se tivesse dinheiro. (Using present for hypothetical)
✓ Eu *faria* se tivesse dinheiro.
Why: For hypothetical situations with 'se' (if), the main clause often uses the conditional tense.

Real Conversations

A

A

Olá! Você gostaria de ir ao cinema comigo no sábado?
B

B

Ah, obrigada! Eu adoraria, mas infelizmente não poderei. Tenho um compromisso.
A

A

Que pena! Talvez você queira ir no domingo?

English:

A

A

Hello! Would you like to go to the cinema with me on Saturday?
B

B

Oh, thank you! I'd love to, but unfortunately, I won't be able to. I have an engagement.
A

A

What a pity! Maybe you will want to go on Sunday?
A

A

Com licença, você poderia me dizer onde fica a estação de trem?
B

B

Claro! Você seguirá reto por esta rua e virará na terceira à direita.
A

A

Muito obrigada! Você me salvaria muito tempo.

English:

A

A

Excuse me, could you tell me where the train station is?
B

B

Of course! You will go straight down this street and turn on the third right.
A

A

Thank you very much! You would save me a lot of time.
A

A

Meu amigo vai se casar no Brasil no próximo ano. Você acha que eu faria bem em ir?
B

B

Com certeza! Eu iria se fosse você. Será uma ótima experiência!
A

A

É, você tem razão. Eu direi a ele que irei.

English:

A

A

My friend is getting married in Brazil next year. Do you think I would do well to go?
B

B

Absolutely! I would go if I were you. It will be a great experience!
A

A

Yeah, you're right. I will tell him I'll go.

Quick FAQ

Q

What's the difference between the simple future (e.g., 'farei') and 'ir + infinitive' (e.g., 'vou fazer') for expressing future actions?

The 'ir + infinitive' construction (e.g., Eu vou fazer) is very common in spoken Brazilian Portuguese for general future intentions, often implying a more immediate or certain future. The simple future tense (e.g., Eu farei) is generally perceived as more formal or literary, though still used, especially for more distant plans, predictions, or in written contexts. At B1, it's good to recognize both.

Q

When should I use 'Você poderia' instead of 'Você pode' for requests?

Always use 'Você poderia' for polite requests. 'Você pode' (Can you?) is more direct and can sometimes sound abrupt, especially with strangers or in formal situations. 'Você poderia' (Could you?) softens the request significantly, showing more respect and consideration.

Q

Are there other common irregular verbs in the future and conditional tenses besides 'Poder', 'Dizer', 'Querer', and 'Fazer'?

Yes, there are a few others you'll encounter. Key ones include 'Ter' (to have) which becomes 'ter-' (future: terei, terá; conditional: teria), 'Vir' (to come) which becomes 'vir-' (future: virei, virá; conditional: viria), and 'Haver' (to have/exist) which becomes 'haver-' (future: haverei, haverá; conditional: haveria). The stems for future and conditional are often the same for irregular verbs.

Q

Can I use the conditional for making suggestions to others, not just polite requests for myself?

Absolutely! The conditional is perfect for making gentle suggestions or recommendations. For example,

Você poderia tentar ligar para ele
(You could try calling him) or
Nós deveríamos estudar mais
(We should study more – 'dever' in conditional often implies 'should').

Cultural Context

In Brazilian Portuguese culture, politeness and indirect communication are highly valued, particularly in initial interactions or with those of higher status. This makes the conditional tense, especially verbs like 'Gostaria' (I would like) and 'Poderia' (Could you/I), indispensable. Direct requests using the present tense, such as
Você pode me ajudar?
(Can you help me?), while grammatically correct, might be perceived as less refined than
Você poderia me ajudar?
(Could you help me?).
Using these softer forms demonstrates respect and good manners, which is crucial for building rapport.
The discussion of future plans, whether personal or professional, also benefits from the nuances of the future tense. Expressing intentions clearly but also with a sense of possibility or hypothetical outcomes allows for a more natural flow of conversation. Even the verb 'casar-se' (to get married) carries significant cultural weight; marriage and family are central to many Brazilians' lives, and discussing such events correctly using the reflexive form shows an understanding of this importance.
Mastering these forms allows you to integrate more smoothly into social settings and navigate cultural expectations with grace.

मुख्य उदाहरण (8)

1

Eu gostaria de um café, por favor.

मुझे एक कॉफ़ी चाहिए होगी, प्लीज।

विनम्र अनुरोध और सुझाव (Gostaria, Poderia)
2

Você poderia me enviar o arquivo por e-mail?

क्या आप मुझे ईमेल से फाइल भेज सकेंगे?

विनम्र अनुरोध और सुझाव (Gostaria, Poderia)
3

Eu me caso com você em qualquer lugar.

मैं तुम्हारे साथ कहीं भी शादी कर लूँगा।

पुर्तगाली में शादी करना (Casar-se)
4

Eles se casam e postam tudo no Instagram.

वे शादी करते हैं और सब कुछ इंस्टाग्राम पर पोस्ट कर देते हैं।

पुर्तगाली में शादी करना (Casar-se)
5

Eu viajaria o mundo todo se tivesse dinheiro.

I would travel the whole world if I had money.

Conditional Tense: विनम्रता और परिकल्पना (-ia)
6

Você poderia me passar o sal, por favor?

Could you pass me the salt, please?

Conditional Tense: विनम्रता और परिकल्पना (-ia)
7

Eu farei o jantar hoje à noite para celebrar.

मैं जश्न मनाने के लिए आज रात का खाना बनाऊँगा।

अनियमित भविष्य: Fazer (करना -> मैं करूंगा)
8

Você fará a prova amanhã de manhã?

क्या आप कल सुबह परीक्षा देंगे?

अनियमित भविष्य: Fazer (करना -> मैं करूंगा)

टिप्स और ट्रिक्स (4)

💡

'Queria' वाला शॉर्टकट

ब्राजील में लोग अक्सर 'Gostaria' की जगह 'Queria' बोल देते हैं। यह रोजमर्रा के कामों के लिए बहुत नेचुरल लगता है:
Eu queria um suco de laranja.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: विनम्र अनुरोध और सुझाव (Gostaria, Poderia)
⚠️

'Se' को भूलना मत!

अगर तुम सिर्फ 'Eu caso' कहोगे, तो इसका मतलब होगा कि तुम किसी और की शादी करवा रहे हो (जैसे एक पंडित)! खुद की शादी के लिए कहो:
Eu me caso amanhã.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: पुर्तगाली में शादी करना (Casar-se)
🎯

'R' का जादू

हमेशा अंत से पहले 'r' चेक करो। अगर तुम comia कहते हो तो वो पास्ट है, लेकिन comeria 'would' है।
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: पुर्तगाली Conditional: नियमित -er क्रियाएं (मैं खाता...)
🎯

ब्राजीलियन की तरह बोलें

ब्राजील में 90% बातचीत में लोग 'poderei' की जगह 'vou poder' बोलते हैं। अगर तुम
Eu vou poder te ajudar
बोलोगे, तो तुम बिल्कुल लोकल लगोगे।
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 'Poder' का भविष्य: 'सक्षम होऊंगा' कहना

मुख्य शब्दावली (6)

Gostaria I would like Casar-se to get married Poderia could you Farei I will do Direi I will say Querer to want

Real-World Preview

heart

Planning the Wedding

Review Summary

  • Stem + -ia

सामान्य गलतियाँ

Reflexive verbs require the pronoun to match the subject.

Wrong: Eu vai casar.
सही: Eu vou me casar.

Sometimes learners forget the stem change in 'fazer'.

Wrong: Eu farei a tarefa amanhã.
सही: Eu farei a tarefa amanhã.

Ensure you don't confuse conditional with future.

Wrong: Eu comeria.
सही: Eu comeria.

इस अध्याय के नियम (9)

1

विनम्र अनुरोध और सुझाव (Gostaria, Poderia)

B1
Conditional tense का जादू सीधे आदेशों को प्यार भरे रिक्वेस्ट में बदल देता है, बस gostaria, poderia और deveria जैसे शब्दों का इस्तेमाल करो।
Eu gostaria de um café, por favor.
10 उदाहरण
2

पुर्तगाली में शादी करना (Casar-se)

B1
पुर्तगाली में शादी करने के लिए हमेशा रिफ्लेक्सिव प्रोनाउन और com का जोड़ा इस्तेमाल करो: me caso, se casa, com alguém.
Eu me caso com você em qualquer lugar.
10 उदाहरण
3

पुर्तगाली Conditional: नियमित -er क्रियाएं (मैं खाता...)

B1
बस किसी भी regular -er verb के अंत में -ia जोड़कर उसे 'would' वाला अंदाज़ दें। जैसे Eu comeria (मैं खाता)।
Eu comeria dez brigadeiros agora se pudesse.
12 उदाहरण
4

'Poder' का भविष्य: 'सक्षम होऊंगा' कहना

B1
फॉर्मल राइटिंग के लिए poderei या poderá चुनें, लेकिन दोस्तों के साथ बातचीत में हमेशा vou poder का इस्तेमाल करें।
Depois da reunião, **eu poderei te ligar** para di...
10 उदाहरण
5

पुर्तगाली में 'कहेगा' कैसे कहें (Dizer का भविष्य काल)

B1
बस 'dizer' में से 'ze' को हटाकर उसे dir- बना दो और regular endings जोड़ दो।
Eu `direi` a verdade ao juiz.
10 उदाहरण
6

भविष्य के इरादे: 'चाहूँगा' (Querer no Futuro)

B1
अगर तुम भविष्य की किसी पक्की इच्छा को फॉर्मल तरीके से कहना चाहते हो, तो 'querer' के साथ फ्यूचर एंडिंग्स जोड़ो। जैसे: quererá या quereremos।
No futuro, eu `quererei` um emprego remoto para vi...
10 उदाहरण
7

पुर्तगाली शर्त काल: -ir क्रियाएं (होता/करता)

B1
बस पूरे verb (infinitive) के अंत में -ia वाले endings जोड़ दो। याद रखने के लिए ये शब्द देखो: abriria, partiríamos, decidiriam।
Eu abriria a porta se tivesse a chave.
10 उदाहरण
8

Conditional Tense: विनम्रता और परिकल्पना (-ia)

B1
Add -ia to the infinitive to express what would happen or to ask politely.
Eu viajaria o mundo todo se tivesse dinheiro.
12 उदाहरण
9

अनियमित भविष्य: Fazer (करना -> मैं करूंगा)

B1
जब भी भविष्य की बात हो, 'fazer' का रूप बदलकर 'far-' हो जाता है। बस इसके पीछे farei, fará या faremos जैसे शब्द जोड़ दो।
Eu farei o jantar hoje à noite para celebrar.
10 उदाहरण

Next Steps

You have mastered the B1 level! Keep practicing these forms to sound like a native speaker.

Watch a Brazilian soap opera scene

Continue to: Talking About Recent Habits

त्वरित अभ्यास (10)

'nós' के फ्यूचर टेंस में गलती ढूँढें।

Find and fix the mistake:

Nós quereamos jantar fora amanhã.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Nós quereremos jantar fora amanhã.
'nós' के लिए सही फ्यूचर रूप 'quereremos' है।

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: भविष्य के इरादे: 'चाहूँगा' (Querer no Futuro)

वाक्य में गलती ढूँढें और उसे सही करें।

Find and fix the mistake:

Nós dizeremos o preço depois.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Nós diremos o preço depois.
'ze' को हटाना ज़रूरी है, इसलिए 'dizeremos' बदलकर 'diremos' हो जाएगा।

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: पुर्तगाली में 'कहेगा' कैसे कहें (Dizer का भविष्य काल)

'dizer' के सही फ्यूचर रूप से खाली जगह भरें।

Amanhã, eu ___ a verdade para ela.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: direi
'eu' के लिए हम stem 'dir-' और '-ei' जोड़ते हैं। 'dizerei' गलत है क्योंकि यह verb irregular है।

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: पुर्तगाली में 'कहेगा' कैसे कहें (Dizer का भविष्य काल)

खाली जगह भरें: 'poder' का सही फ्यूचर रूप क्या होगा?

No próximo ano, nós _______ viajar para a Europa.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: poderemos
'Nós' के साथ फ्यूचर में 'poderemos' आता है, जिसका मतलब है 'हम कर पाएंगे'।

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 'Poder' का भविष्य: 'सक्षम होऊंगा' कहना

इस वाक्य में गलती ढूंढें और उसे ठीक करें:

Se você estudar, você pode falar português fluentemente um dia.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Se você estudar, você poderá falar português fluentemente um dia.
भविष्य की काबिलियत के लिए 'pode' (प्रेजेंट) की जगह 'poderá' (फ्यूचर) का इस्तेमाल होना चाहिए।

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 'Poder' का भविष्य: 'सक्षम होऊंगा' कहना

इस वाक्य में गलती ढूँढें।

Nós poderíamos fazeria o jantar hoje?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Nós poderíamos fazer o jantar hoje?
'Poderíamos' जैसे कंजुगेटेड वर्ब के बाद, दूसरा वर्ब हमेशा इन्फिनिटिव (fazer) में होना चाहिए।

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: विनम्र अनुरोध और सुझाव (Gostaria, Poderia)

Fix the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Eu gostaria de um café, por favor.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Correct
The sentence is already correct.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Conditional Tense: विनम्रता और परिकल्पना (-ia)

कौन सा वाक्य 'हम' (we) के लिए सही कंडीशनल का इस्तेमाल कर रहा है?

सही वाक्य चुनें:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Nós beberíamos um suco.
कंडीशनल के 'nós' फॉर्म में हमेशा 'í' पर मात्रा (beberíamos) आती है।

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: पुर्तगाली Conditional: नियमित -er क्रियाएं (मैं खाता...)

'comer' के सही कंडीशनल फॉर्म से खाली जगह भरें।

Eu ___ (comer) agora, mas não tenho fome.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: comeria
'I would eat' कहने के लिए, पूरे verb 'comer' में '-ia' जोड़ते हैं।

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: पुर्तगाली Conditional: नियमित -er क्रियाएं (मैं खाता...)

ब्राजील में दोस्तों के साथ बात करने के लिए सबसे सही वाक्य चुनें:

Choose the most natural sentence for a text message to a friend:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Eu vou poder ir na sua festa.
कैजुअल बातचीत में 'vou poder' सबसे ज़्यादा नेचुरल और आम है।

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 'Poder' का भविष्य: 'सक्षम होऊंगा' कहना

Score: /10

सामान्य प्रश्न (6)

हाँ, यह प्रेजेंट टेंस से ज़्यादा फॉर्मल है। अजनबियों या ऑफिस में इसका इस्तेमाल करना बेस्ट है, जैसे:
Eu gostaria de falar.
इसके लिए 'Eu deveria' का इस्तेमाल करो। जैसे: Eu deveria estudar यानी 'मुझे पढ़ना चाहिए'।
ग्रामर के हिसाब से हाँ, लेकिन मज़ाक में कह सकते हो जैसे:
O queijo se casa com o vinho
(पनीर और वाइन का मेल जबरदस्त है)।
'Casar' का मतलब है शादी करवाना (जैसे एक जज), और casar-se का मतलब है खुद शादी करना।
'Comeria' का मतलब है 'खाता' (would eat), जबकि 'comia' का मतलब है 'खाता था' (used to eat)। बस 'r' का फर्क है: Eu comeria agora.
हाँ, Eu gostaria जैसे शब्द पुर्तगाली में विनम्र दिखने का सबसे अच्छा तरीका हैं।
पिछला अध्याय
The Subjunctive Mood
अगला अध्याय
Talking About Recent Habits
रोडमैप पर वापस