A1 問題 1 min read かんたん

Asking 'When?' (Кога?)

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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Use 'Кога' at the start of a sentence to ask about time, followed by the verb.

  • Place 'Кога' at the beginning: 'Кога е партито?' (When is the party?)
  • Invert the subject and verb if needed: 'Кога идваш ти?' (When are you coming?)
  • It does not change form regardless of gender or number: 'Кога е срещата?' vs 'Кога са изпитите?'
Кога (When) + Verb + Subject?

Meanings

The word 'Кога' is the primary interrogative adverb used to inquire about the time of an action or event.

1

Direct Question

Asking for a specific time or date.

“Кога се прибираш?”

“Кога е рожденият ти ден?”

2

Relative Clause

Used as a conjunction meaning 'when' (at the time that).

“Ще ти се обадя, кога се прибера.”

“Не знам кога ще дойдат.”

Usage of 'Кога' in Questions

Type Structure Example
Simple Кога + Verb Кога идваш?
Future Кога + ще + Verb Кога ще дойдеш?
Past Кога + Verb (past) Кога дойде?
Formal Кога + Verb + Вие Кога идвате?
Negative Кога + не + Verb Кога не си тук?
Subordinate Subject + Verb + кога + Verb Знам кога идваш.

Reference Table

Reference table for Asking 'When?' (Кога?)
Form Structure Example
Question Кога + Verb? Кога е срещата?
Negative Кога + не + Verb? Кога не работиш?
Future Кога + ще + Verb? Кога ще ядем?
Past Кога + Verb (past)? Кога се прибра?
Indirect Verb + кога + Verb Кажи кога идваш.
Emphasis Кога ли + Verb? Кога ли ще спре?
Conditional Кога и да + Verb Кога и да дойдеш...

フォーマル度スペクトル

フォーマル
Кога ще дойдете?

Кога ще дойдете? (Social)

ニュートラル
Кога идваш?

Кога идваш? (Social)

カジュアル
Кога идваш?

Кога идваш? (Social)

スラング
Кога ще се появиш?

Кога ще се появиш? (Social)

The 'Кога' Universe

Кога

Direct

  • Кога е? When is it?

Indirect

  • Знам кога I know when
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Examples by Level

1

Кога е партито?

When is the party?

2

Кога си тук?

When are you here?

3

Кога е филмът?

When is the movie?

4

Кога тръгваме?

When are we leaving?

1

Кога ще се видим утре?

When will we see each other tomorrow?

2

Не знам кога пристига влакът.

I don't know when the train arrives.

3

Кога беше последната среща?

When was the last meeting?

4

Кажи ми кога си готов.

Tell me when you are ready.

1

Кога и да дойдеш, ще се радвам.

Whenever you come, I will be happy.

2

Чудя се кога ще приключат ремонта.

I wonder when they will finish the renovation.

3

Кога точно се случи инцидентът?

When exactly did the incident happen?

4

Не е ясно кога ще бъде обявено решението.

It is not clear when the decision will be announced.

1

Кога ли ще спре този дъжд?

When will this rain ever stop?

2

Кога, ако не сега?

When, if not now?

3

Той попита кога би било удобно да се срещнем.

He asked when it would be convenient to meet.

4

Кога и да погледнеш, той винаги работи.

Whenever you look, he is always working.

1

Кога ще се научиш да слушаш?

When will you learn to listen?

2

Не ми е ясно кога точно се е променило мнението му.

It is not clear to me when exactly his opinion changed.

3

Кога ли ще дойде краят на тези мъки?

When will the end of these torments come?

4

Кога и да е, ще бъда там.

Whenever it is, I will be there.

1

Кога ли не сме се борили за свободата си?

When have we not fought for our freedom?

2

Кога и да се обърнеш, историята се повтаря.

Whenever you turn, history repeats itself.

3

Кога ли ще се осъзнае значението на този акт?

When will the significance of this act be realized?

4

Кога ли не е било така?

When has it not been so?

Easily Confused

Asking 'When?' (Кога?) 対 Кога vs Колко

Both start with 'Ко-'.

Asking 'When?' (Кога?) 対 Кога vs Кой

Both are question words.

Asking 'When?' (Кога?) 対 Кога vs Къде

Both are interrogative adverbs.

よくある間違い

✗

Когаш си тук?

✓

Кога си тук?

Adding -ш to Кога is incorrect.
✗

Ти кога идваш?

✓

Кога идваш?

While not strictly wrong, placing the subject first is less common in simple questions.
✗

Колко е часът?

✓

Колко е часът?

Learners often mix up Кога and Колко.
✗

Кога е парти?

✓

Кога е партито?

Missing the definite article.
✗

Не знам кога той идва.

✓

Не знам кога идва.

Unnecessary pronoun.
✗

Кога ще ти дойдеш?

✓

Кога ще дойдеш?

Redundant pronoun.
✗

Кога е било събитие?

✓

Кога беше събитието?

Wrong tense/article usage.
✗

Кога и да ти дойдеш...

✓

Кога и да дойдеш...

Redundant pronoun.
✗

Питах го кога той ще дойде.

✓

Питах го кога ще дойде.

Redundant subject.
✗

Кога ли не е било така?

✓

Кога ли не е било така?

Grammatically okay, but often misused in context.
✗

Кога ли не сме се борили...

✓

Кога ли не сме се борили...

Stylistic mismatch.
✗

Кога и да е, аз ще дойда.

✓

Кога и да е, ще дойда.

Redundant pronoun.
✗

Кога ли ще се осъзнае...

✓

Кога ли ще се осъзнае...

Passive voice confusion.
✗

Кога и да погледнеш...

✓

Кога и да погледнеш...

Contextual error.

Sentence Patterns

Кога е ___?

Кога ще ___?

Не знам кога ___.

Кога и да ___, аз съм тук.

Real World Usage

Texting constant

Кога си свободен?

Travel very common

Кога тръгва влакът?

Work common

Кога е срещата?

Social Media common

Кога е лайвът?

Food Delivery occasional

Кога ще пристигне поръчката?

Job Interview common

Кога мога да очаквам отговор?

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💡

Keep it simple

Don't overthink the word order. Start with 'Кога' and you're 90% there.
⚠️

Don't conjugate

It's an adverb, not a verb. It never changes.
🎯

Use it as a connector

It's great for linking sentences like 'I know when...'
💬

Be polite

In formal settings, add 'бихте ли ми казали' before 'кога'.

Smart Tips

Always start with 'Кога'.

Партито кога е? → Кога е партито?

Don't add a subject pronoun after 'кога'.

Знам кога той идва. → Знам кога идва.

Use 'Кога точно' for emphasis.

Кога идваш? → Кога точно идваш?

Use 'Кога ли' for rhetorical questions.

Кога ще спре? → Кога ли ще спре?

発音

/koˈɡa/

Stress

The stress is on the second syllable: ko-GA.

Rising

Кога е срещата? ↑

Standard question intonation.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Кога' as 'Clock-a'—it's always about the clock!

Visual Association

Imagine a giant clock face with the word 'КОГА' written in the center. Every time you ask about time, you point to that clock.

Rhyme

Кога, кога, кажи ми сега!

Story

Ivan is always late. He asks 'Кога?' (When?) every single morning. His boss replies, 'Кога дойдеш, тогава!' (When you come, that's when!). Ivan finally learned to be on time.

Word Web

времечасденкогасегатогава

チャレンジ

Ask 5 people today 'Кога е обядът?' or 'Кога се прибираш?'

文化メモ

Bulgarians are generally relaxed about time, so 'Кога' is often used in a flexible sense.

Derived from Proto-Slavic *kogda.

Conversation Starters

“

Кога си свободен?

“

Кога започва работата ти?

“

Кога планираш да пътуваш?

“

Кога според теб е най-доброто време за почивка?

Journal Prompts

Write about your daily schedule using 'Кога'.
Describe a time you were late.
Plan a dream vacation.
Reflect on a life change.
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Test Yourself

Fill in the blank.

___ е срещата?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Кога
We are asking about time.
Choose the correct question. 選択問題

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Кога идваш?
Standard word order.
Fix the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Когаш е обядът?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Кога е обядът?
Remove the -ш.
Order the words. Sentence Building

е / Кога / срещата / ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Кога е срещата?
Standard structure.
Translate to Bulgarian. 翻訳

When is the party?

Answer starts with: Ког...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Кога е партито?
Direct translation.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: ___? B: В 5 часа.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Кога идваш
The answer is a time.
Sort by category. Grammar Sorting

Is 'Кога' time or place?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Time
It refers to time.
Match the question to the answer. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: В 8 часа
Time matches time.

Score: /8

練習問題

8 exercises
Fill in the blank.

___ е срещата?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Кога
We are asking about time.
Choose the correct question. 選択問題

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Кога идваш?
Standard word order.
Fix the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Когаш е обядът?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Кога е обядът?
Remove the -ш.
Order the words. Sentence Building

е / Кога / срещата / ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Кога е срещата?
Standard structure.
Translate to Bulgarian. 翻訳

When is the party?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Кога е партито?
Direct translation.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: ___? B: В 5 часа.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Кога идваш
The answer is a time.
Sort by category. Grammar Sorting

Is 'Кога' time or place?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Time
It refers to time.
Match the question to the answer. Match Pairs

Кога е филмът?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: В 8 часа
Time matches time.

Score: /8

よくある質問 (8)

No, it is invariant.

It's possible in informal speech, but less common.

It is neutral and used in all registers.

Time vs quantity.

Use 'Кога и да'.

Yes, e.g., 'Кога не си зает?'

Yes, it works for both time and dates.

When it's not starting a sentence.

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In Other Languages

Spanish high

cuándo

Spanish has an accent mark.

French high

quand

French uses 'quand' for both.

German high

wann

German uses 'wenn' for conditional time.

Japanese moderate

いつ (itsu)

Japanese word order is strictly SOV.

Arabic moderate

متى (mata)

Arabic is written right-to-left.

Chinese low

什么时候 (shenme shihou)

Chinese is not an inflected language.

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Seasons (Сезони)
Next
Expressing Frequency (Честота)

Related Grammar Rules

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Asking 'How are you?' (Как си/сте?)
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Asking 'What is this?' (Какво е това?)
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Forming Questions with Verbs
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Yes/No Questions with 'Ли'
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